Browse Topic: Metals

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Virtual Paint Shop: Automotive E-coating Process2026-26-03651/16/2026
The automotive paint shop is one of the most energy-intensive processes in vehicle manufacturing. This drives automotive OEMs to continuously improve production efficiency and reduce operational costs through digital twin technologies. Additionally, the push for shorter time-to-market emphasizes the need for simulation-based manufacturing processes—such as virtual testing and CAE simulations—to enable faster, data-driven decision-making early in the product development cycle, ultimately reducing cost and development time. Among the various stages in the paint shop, two of the most critical are: 1. Electro-dip coating (E-coating), also known as Electro-Deposition coating, which applies a corrosion-resistant primer to the Body-in-White (BIW). 2. Oven curing, which ensures the primer is properly bonded and cured for long-term protection and finish quality. To optimize these processes, a Dip-Drain-E-Coating simulation was developed using Siemens Simcenter STAR-CCM+. This simulation
Gundavarapu, V S Kumar, p, Vivekaanandan, Garg, Manish, Navelkar, Tanay, BS, Balachandran
Evaluation of Shear Trim Edge in HSLA Steel for Automotive Application2026-26-02861/16/2026
Quality of the Shear Trimmed edge of HSLA 550 steels is significantly affected by process variations such as Shear Trimming Clearance, trim tolerance, burr height and clamping force. All these parameters largely influence the characteristics of the Shear Affected Zone, a region on sheet metal where it undergoes deformation during the trimming process. The Shear Affected Zone is predominantly vulnerable to failure due to work hardening and the effects of strain rate, induced by the tonnage during the trimming operation. To assess the edge ductility of these materials, Tensile, Fatigue Strength, Die Punch Clearance, Roughness and Hardness Tests are carried out. These tests are crucial for applications that demand high formability and resistance to edge failure. Virtual simulation of edge trimming operation using elastoplastic material models in LS-Dyna have been performed to gain insights into burr formation and damage evolution during shearing. These simulations act as a precursor to
Thota, Badri Vishal, Kashyap, Amit, Bhuvangiri, Jaydev
Evaluating the Suitability of ADC12 for Sand Casting: Filling, Solidification, and Mechanical Properties2026-26-02961/16/2026
This research investigates the applicability of ADC12 aluminum alloy in sand casting processes and compares its casting behavior and performance with that of conventionally sand-cast alloys such as A356 and AlSi10Mg. ADC12 is primarily utilized in high-pressure die casting (HPDC) and low-pressure die casting (LPDC) due to its excellent castability, pressure tightness, and favorable mechanical properties in thin-walled components. However, its use in sand casting is minimal globally, primarily due to the alloy’s high silicon and iron content, which can lead to poor feeding characteristics, increased porosity, and structural non-uniformity in non-pressurized molds. In this study, 3 mm thick test castings were produced using conventional sand casting methods, with particular attention to mold and core design to simulate challenging flow and solidification conditions. Comparative castings of A356 and AlSi10Mg were also produced under identical conditions to establish performance baselines
Subramani, Rajesh, Jichkar, Pawan
A numerical approach to optimize the flow characteristics for the enhancement of casting soundness of Al 6061 alloy die-casting2026-26-02841/16/2026
The optimization of flow characteristics such as filling time, flow velocity, viscosity and temperature play a vital role in the die-casting to enhance the casting soundness. Experimental trial and error methods for optimizing the flow characteristics of mold filling are costlier and time-consuming methods. A digital approach could significantly minimize the cost and time for the prediction of the flow characteristics of the casting. Z-Cast Pro is the casting simulation software used for simulating the whole casting process such as filling, solidification etc. This software basically utilizes the finite difference and finite volume approximation techniques to numerically unravel the molten metal flow and solidification equations. In this study, A 3D model of the valve housing is used to analyze the mold-filling behavior through high and low-speed plunger movement of the molten Al 6061 alloy using Z-Cast Pro software version 24. Higher-speed plunger movement required a total mold
Choudhary, Chandan, Subramaniam, Anand, Karle, Manish, Karle, Ujjwala
Optimization of the Rodip CED Process Suitability through Strategic Fixture System for Enhanced Hood Gap and Flushness Control in Automotive Manufacturing2026-26-04861/16/2026
The Ro-dip Cathodic Electrodeposition (CED) process is latest technology used by Automotive Manufacturers for higher quality corrosion protection in new generation Automobiles. This process involves multiple 360-degree rotation of automotive body in white (BIW) which exert higher hydrostatic forces on large surface panels like Hood. For maintaining consistent gaps & flushness control at vehicle level, it is important to safeguard the dimensional stability of light weight (crash performance sensitive) steel Hood panel while undergoing through this CED process. This study investigates the enhancement of hood panel alignment through strategic optimization of support rod placement and quantity within the Ro-dip CED system. By conducting experimental trials and computational simulations, the research identifies critical deformation points and evaluates the impact of varying support rod configurations on dimensional stability. The outcome results demonstrate that positioning support rods at
Tile, Vikrant, Unadkat, Siddharth, ASKARI, HASAN, Jadhav, Devidas
Predictive Analysis and Risk Management of Nickel-Plated Aluminum Automotive Parts Exposed to Harsh Environmental Conditions2026-26-03051/16/2026
Aluminium is widely used across various industries due to its lightweight properties, high strength-to-weight ratio, and cost-effectiveness. However, its susceptibility to corrosion, particularly in harsh environmental conditions, presents challenges to its long-term durability and performance. To mitigate these issues, nickel plating was applied as a protective measure, creating a barrier to minimize aluminums' direct exposure to corrosive environments and enhance its resistance to degradation. In this study, nickel-plated aluminum was subjected to controlled corrosion testing under simulated real-world conditions, including high humidity, saline atmospheres, and industrial pollutants. The primary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and longevity of nickel plating as a corrosion prevention method. Periodic observations and measurements were conducted to monitor material changes, such as surface degradation and corrosion product formation. The findings highlight the critical
NARAIN, ADITYA, Venugopal, Sivakumar, Gopalan, Vijaysankar, Varatharajan, Senthilkumaran
Hydrogen Embrittlement in Galvanized High Carbon Steel Components of Automotive Seat Slider Assembly2026-26-03021/16/2026
This research paper investigates the failure of an isolator clip used in the seat slider assembly, which guides and restricts the sliding motion of the tooth bracket within the seat. The component is made of C80 high-carbon spring steel, known for its high strength. According to the manufacturing process details, zinc plating was applied to the component for corrosion protection, as confirmed by EDS analysis. A fractographic examination of the failed part revealed a brittle, intergranular fracture morphology with visible cracks. Certain areas also exhibited micro-void coalescence, indicating a dimpled fracture surface. The primary failure mode was intergranular (IG) fracture. The delayed fracture was attributed to intergranular fracture mechanisms, micro-void coalescence, and the high strength of the steel, which made the component susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement. Hydrogen embrittlement occurs when hydrogen atoms become trapped along the grain boundaries, where they form hydrogen
Saindane, Mehul Kishor, BALI, SHIRISH
Improvement study of Style steel wheel durability in Multiple pothole impacts2026-26-05391/16/2026
This study focuses on improving the durability of steel wheel rims subjected to Multiple Pothole which is commonly found in Indian village roads - a critical scenario affecting vehicle safety and wheel lifespan. Initial steel wheel designs often face significant deformation or failure under repeated strikes and resulting in tyre air loss due to wheel bend, prompting the need for enhanced performance standards. In this research, a combination of finite element modelling, experimental impact testing, and material optimization strategies were employed to assess and improve the structural integrity of steel rims. Key parameters such as rim profile geometry & material composition were systematically varied to evaluate their influence on impact resistance. Results demonstrate that strategic design modifications and material enhancements can significantly increase the rim's ability to absorb energy and resist bending without substantial weight penalties. The findings offer practical
DEsigan, Lakshmipathy, P, Praveen, K, CHANDRAMOHAN, C, Santhosh
Assessing the impact of hole piercing edge quality on fatigue samples for S550MC steel sheet.2026-26-03061/16/2026
The exceptional strength, formability, and weldability of S550MC steel sheets make them a cornerstone material in the automotive industry. These properties translate into the creation of high-performance automotive components like chassis parts, structural reinforcements, and safety cages, ultimately contributing to enhanced vehicle safety and overall performance. Furthermore, S550MC steel boasts excellent fatigue resistance, a critical factor for ensuring long-term reliability in demanding automotive applications that experience repeated stress cycles. However, beyond its inherent properties, optimizing the performance of S550MC components hinges on a nuanced understanding of the critical relationship between hole edge quality and fatigue failure. This meticulous study delves into the impact of hole-piercing clearance on the quality of the hole edges in modified fatigue samples manufactured from S550MC steel, and its effect on the fatigue life. The surface morphology was assessed
Nahalde, Sujay, Hingalje, Abhijeet, Ughade, Vikas, Singh, Udita, More, Hemant
Niobium Alloyed Brake Disc for reduced NVH and emission control2026-26-02851/16/2026
Recent regulations limiting brake dust emissions have presented many challenges to the brake engineering community. The objective of this paper is to provide a low cost, mass production solution utilizing well known existing technology to meet brake emissions requirements. The proposed process is to alloy the Gray Cast Iron with Niobium. The Niobium addition will reduce wear debris and improve NVH (Noise Vibration Harshness). The test methodology included: Manufacture of disc samples alloyed with Niobium, and Evaluation of airborne wear debris utilizing a pin-on-disc tribometer equipped with emission collection capability. The airborne emission and wear surfaces were further analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive techniques (SEM-EDS), X-Ray Diffraction and Optical Microscopy. The cast iron test matrix included four groups; Unalloyed eutectic 4.3% Carbon Equivalent (CE), Unalloyed hypereutectic >4.3% CE, Niobium alloyed Eutectic and Niobium alloyed hypereutectic
Barile, Bernardo, Holly, Mike
A Study on the Microstructural Changes and Corrosion Behavior and Mechanical Properties in Stainless Steel Welds with Single Versus Double Stabilized Welding Wires2026-26-02881/16/2026
This research investigates the influence of stainless-steel stabilization, using single (titanium) and double (titanium and niobium) stabilized ferritic weld wires, on the metallurgical, mechanical, and corrosion behaviors of weld seams and their heat-affected zones (HAZ). Two ferritic stainless-steel samples, one stabilized with titanium (Sample No. 1) and the other with titanium and niobium (Sample No. 2), were selected for this comparative study. The research involved comprehensive analysis, including fatigue testing of the welded joints produced by both types of wires (430LNb & 430LNbTi), correlated with detailed microstructural and mechanical characterization. Metallographic analysis via optical microscopy revealed distinct features of the HAZ and weld seam, focusing on grain size, shape, and weld geometry. Micro-hardness measurements were conducted to elucidate the mechanical properties of the weld seams. Tensile testing was performed using a Universal Testing Machine to assess
Gaware, Amol Chandrakant
Non-metallic inclusions in carburizing steels as a contributory factor for the formation of carbide net2026-26-02901/16/2026
The article deals with the issue of identifying structural defects that contribute to the formation of a carbide net during thermochemical treatment of steel parts, which negatively affects the mechanical properties complex of finished products. Based on the available data, a theory has been put forward regarding the influence of the present non-metallic inclusions in the carburizing steels structure on carbide formation process in the hardened layer. As an experimentally the samples have been produced from the varying chemical composition alloy structure carburized steel (0.17-0.23 % C, 0.17-0.37 % Si, 0.80-1.10 % Mn, 1.00-1.30 % Cr, 0.03-0.09 % Ti). During microstructure analysis of the samples it has been establish that non-metallic inclusions, in particular sulfides, contribute to the formation of carbides and carbide net in steel due to their high chemical activity with carbon. Thus, contamination of the metal of carburizing steels with non-metallic inclusions is not only a defect
Runova, Iuliia, Chatkina, Mariia, Musienko, Aleksandr
Balancing global and local formability properties through Nb microalloying2026-26-03031/16/2026
David Martin, CBMM Asia Bernardo Barile, CBMM Europe BV Caio Pisano, CBMM Europe BV Automotive high strength steels have specific microstructure-dependent forming characteristics. Global formability is generally associated with high uniform strain values which imply good drawability and stretch forming properties driven by pronounced work hardening. Local formability on the other hand is often measured by various fracture strain values—generally higher in single phase steels. In this respect, the so-called ‘local/global formability map’ concept has been established not only to provide a comprehensive methodology to characterize existing automotive steels but also to enable improvement strategies toward more balanced forming characteristics. Niobium (Nb) microalloying is a powerful tool to achieve both property improvement in general and property balance in particular. More than two decades of research has demonstrated that Nb-induced microstructural optimization is applicable to HSLA
Barile, Bernardo
Experimental Study on the Role of Hole Expansion Ratio in Enhancing Crashworthiness of Advanced High Strength Steel2026-26-02951/16/2026
To meet light weighting and safety target, the automotive industry is increasingly using advanced high strength steel (AHSS) materials and advanced manufacturing techniques for complex body parts. To improve energy absorption of automotive body parts, various steel grades are developed by steel manufactures with variety of properties ( YS, UTS, EL %, HER). Also, the formability of AHSS grades (TS > 980 MPa) is challenging due to its limited edge ductility. This study focuses on role of hole expansion ratio in energy absorption of AHSS material. In the study, different AHSS material with variety of microstructure and properties are experimented, with the aim to identify the optimum properties, that can help to enhance crash worthiness of formed part. From experimentation, it is evident that hole expansion ratio plays important role in determining edge ductility, as well as energy absorption. This study may not only help to improve crash performance but also help for light-weighting of
Jain, Vikas, Bandru, Shreenu, Nadarge, Harshad, Misal, Swapnali, Deshmukh, Mansi, Paliwal, Lokesh
Steel-based Laminates for Lithium-ion Pouch Cell of Electric Vehicles2026-26-01861/16/2026
Aluminium foils have gained traction with EV battery manufacturers for their pouch cell format. Over the years it has evolved as a material of choice, but it is still plagued by issues of stress concentration, swelling due to lower strength and stiffness of base aluminium layer. Preliminary investigation revealed that laminates using steel foil material (thickness <0.1mm) could be a potential candidate for EV pouch cell casing. Thus, steel-based laminate was developed meeting key functional requirements (e.g. barrier performance, insulation resistance, peel strength, electrolyte resistance, formable without cracking at edges, and heat sealing compliant). This innovative patented steel-based laminate was further used to manufacture pouch cell prototypes (maximum capacity 2.5Ah) for key performance tests (e.g. cell cycling, nail penetration and thermal runaway). The study paves the way for a low cost, sustainable and flexible yet strong steel-based laminate packaging material solution
Singh, Pundan Kumar, Raj, Abhishek, Kumar, Ankit, Chatterjee, Sourabh, Verma, Rahul Kumar, Samantaray, Bikash, Gautam, Vikas, Pandey, Ashwani
Effect of the Flow Forming Process on the Mechanical properties and Microstructure of GDC & LPDC cast aluminum alloy wheels.2026-26-02981/16/2026
Aluminum alloy wheels have become the preferred choice over steel wheels due to their lightweight nature, enhanced aesthetics, and contribution to improved fuel efficiency. Traditionally, these wheels are manufactured using methods such as Gravity Die Casting (GDC) [1] or Low Pressure Die Casting (LPDC) [2]. As vehicle dynamics engineers continue to increase tire sizes to optimize handling performance, the corresponding increase in wheel rim size and weight poses a challenge for maintaining low unsprung mass, which is critical for ride quality. To address this, weight reduction has become a priority. Flow forming [3,4], an advanced wheel production technique, offers a solution for reducing rim weight. This process employs high-pressure rollers to shape a metal disc into a wheel, specifically deforming the rim section while leaving the spoke and hub regions unaffected. By decreasing rim thickness, flow forming not only reduces overall wheel weight but also enhances strength and
Singh, Ram Krishnan, Medaboyina, HarshaVardhan, G K, Balaji, Gopalan, Vijaysankar, SUNDARAM, RAGHUPATHI, Paua, Ketan
Life Cycle Assessment of Automotive Cables and GHG Emission Reduction Scenario in Indian Context2026-26-02401/16/2026
Globally, the emissions share of transport is 15%, out of which more than 2/3rd emissions are contributed by road transport as per 2014 report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The need of mitigation measures in transport sector has been realised however the study of life cycle emission needs to be done with the tailpipe emissions so that some holistic solution can be worked upon. Strikingly, in the life cycle studies of a passenger car, it was found that the share of raw materials related to copper is around 50% of the total amount of raw material used and the share of copper in the curb weight of vehicle is just 1%. Also, for an Internal Combustion Engine vehicle (ICE), mostly the copper is used in the wiring harness. In this paper, the life cycle assessment of wiring harness is done to understand the environmental impacts throughout the life cycle stages. The comparative study of aluminium alloy and copper has also been done to know the change in environmental
Kumar, Naman, Bawase, Moqtik, Thipse, Sukrut
Review on the flyback converter design for multi-output2026-26-02001/16/2026
With the increasing demand for DC loads, DC-DC converters have become indispensable in modern power electronic architectures. With high-voltage applications typical DC-DC converter topologies are required which include isolation for safety and voltage level conversion. Among various isolated converter topologies, the flyback converter is widely favored for low-power applications, typically under 100 W, due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Like other DC-DC topologies, the flyback converter can operate in either continuous conduction mode or discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). The work have focused on the design and performance analysis of a flyback converter operating in DCM, with a specific emphasis on magnetic component design and loss evaluation. A 55 W multi-winding flyback converter employing a passive snubber circuit is studied and implemented. The loss analysis is done with switch losses around 3.4W and the coupled inductor core losses around 1.5W and copper losses
S, Denis, Deshpande, Prathamesh Pravin, Deshpande, Rohan
Novel Approach on Material characterization Testing of various Wiring Harness2026-26-05481/16/2026
The automotive wiring harness (length of 4-5 km) is a very important and complex system in the development of a modern car due to a lot of new electric & electronic components and sensors. It is a very sensitive material unlike metals and is considered as a composite which is highly anisotropic in nature, as it consists of several different layers of copper/aluminum strands and insulation. Because of insulation, wiring harness exhibits viscous plastic behavior which is crucial in determining the durability and long-term performance of the cables. Material properties play an important role in determining the behavior of wiring harness after assembly into the car. Wiring harness may undergo Bending, Torsion and Tension loads, causing the stress and strain in the individual electrical wires. The lack of CAE validation of the wiring harness routing may lead to extra costs for the automotive OEMs over a period. This paper describes the novel method of Testing the Cables and Bundles used in
Beesetti, Siva, Kalkala Balakrishna, Prasad, James Aricatt, John, SHAH, Dipam, Tas, Onur, Krogmann, Stephan
Tolerances Titanium and Titanium Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, and Shapes AMS2245D (Current)12/9/2025
This specification covers established manufacturing tolerances applicable to titanium and titanium alloy extruded bars, rods, and shapes. These tolerances apply to all conditions, unless otherwise noted. The term "excl" applies only to the higher figure of the specified range.
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
Trace Element Control, Nickel Alloy CastingsAMS2280E (Current)12/9/2025
<p>This specification establishes testing methods and maximum permissible limits for trace elements in nickel alloy castings.</p>
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy Castings, Permanent Mold, 5.0Si - 1.2Cu - 0.5Mg (355.0-T71), Solution Heat Treated and OveragedAMS4280K (Current)12/9/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of permanent mold castings.
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy, Investment Castings, 7.0Si - 0.32Mg (356.0-T6), Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedAMS4260H (Current)12/9/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of castings.
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy Castings, 7.0Si - 0.55Mg - 0.12Ti (F357.0-T6), Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedAMS4289A (Current)12/9/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of castings.
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy Castings, Permanent Mold, 5.0Si - 1.2Cu - 0.50Mg (355.0-T6), Solution and Precipitation Heat TreatedAMS4281H (Current)12/9/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of permanent mold castings.
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy, Castings 4.7Cu - 0.60Ag - 0.35Mn - 0.25Mg - 0.25Ti (B201.0-T7) Solution Heat Treated and Overaged AMS4242D (Current)12/9/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of castings.
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy, Castings 4.5Cu - 0.70Ag - 0.30Mn - 0.25Mg - 0.25Ti (A201.0-T4) Solution Heat Treated and Naturally Aged AMS4223F (Current)12/9/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of castings.
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Aluminum Alloy Castings, High Strength 4.5Cu - 0.70Ag - 0.30Mn - 0.25Mg - 0.25Ti (A201.0-T7) Solution Heat Treated and Overaged AMS4229H (Current)12/9/2025
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of sand, permanent mold, and composite mold castings.
AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Steel, Corrosion Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Foil, 19Cr - 9.5Ni (304), Cold Rolled, 125 ksi (862 MPa) Tensile StrengthAMS5501G (Current)12/8/2025
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet, strip, and foil 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) and over in nominal thickness (see 8.4).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Hard Anodic Coating on Aluminum and Aluminum AlloysAMS2469J (Current)12/8/2025
This specification establishes the requirements for a hard anodic coating on aluminum and aluminum alloys.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
AIR120425-1AIR120425-1 (Current)12/4/2025
AIR120425-1
A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
Arc Damage Assessment of Arc Plume and Physical DamageAIR6982 (Current)11/26/2025
Describes the relative measurement of assessing the damage zone of arc plasma to determine appropriate separation/segregation requirements between a wire harness and nearby components
AE-8A Elec Wiring and Fiber Optic Interconnect Sys Install
Hose Assembly, Polytetrafluoroethylene, Cres Reinforced, 400 °F, 3000 psi, Lightweight, Beam Seal, Straight to 90°AS1911D (Current)11/26/2025
No scope available
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Performance based packaging standard for lithium batteries as cargo on aircraftAS6413 (Current)11/26/2025
This standard is intended to demonstrate and document the control of the potential hazards from lithium cells or batteries (UN 3090 and 3480) when transported as cargo on aircraft. [still need to identify if we are addressing global (external fire) or local (battery internal failures)] This standard addresses the need to control the hazards which might arise from a failure from an individual cell by containing the hazards within the package. This specific hazards addressed within this standard are: • Uncontrolled fire • Rapid overpressure pulse within compartment
G-27 Lithium Battery Packaging Performance
Recommendations and Background Material for Battery Package TestingAIR6840 (Current)11/26/2025
AS 6413 and slash sheets /1 & /2 hold the main information for testing of battery packaging. This document holds further information and expansion of philosophy, clarification etc. surrounding the testing and industry needs.
G-27 Lithium Battery Packaging Performance
Standardized composite training programAIR6671 (Current)11/26/2025
SAE CACRC has produced several standards, each representing the best-practice, recommended minimum training syllabus for the aforementioned target groups. The purpose of this document is to promote the use of these SAE standards, particularly for developing training programs for employee training, qualification in airlines and maintenance organizations, and as reference in regulatory guidance material. It summarizes, as a quick reference, the content of each training document and its relation to and interaction with other training documents. Thereby it allows users to select the appropriate training documents and syllabi to establish a comprehensive, sequential training program build-up customized to the specific needs of the aforementioned functions (see figure). This document does not intend to introduce new training content/syllabus.
AMS CACRC Commercial Aircraft Composite Repair Committee
Guidelines for Specifying LVDTs and RVDTsARP5554 (Current)11/26/2025
As per Committee/Henry E. Harschburger recommendations
A-6B1 Hydraulic Servo Actuation Committee
Steel, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 5.0Cr - 1.3Mo - 0.50V (0.38 - 0.43C) (H-11) AMS6437L (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate, 0.80Cr - 1.8Ni - 0.25Mo (0.49 - 0.55C), Annealed AMS6396H (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers an aircraft quality, low alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Steel Tubing, Seam-Free, Round, 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo (0.28 - 0.33C) (SAE 4130), 95.0 ksi (655 MPa) Tensile StrengthAMS6374F (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of round, non-welded tubing free from OD surface seams.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Steel, Welded Tubing, 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo (0.28 - 0.33C) (SAE 4130)AMS6373K (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of welded tubing.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Steel, Bars, Forgings, and Rings 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo (0.28 - 0.33C) (SAE 4130) AMS6370S (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, flash welded rings, and stock for forging or flash welded rings.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.50Cr - 0.55Ni - 0.25Mo (0.38 - 0.43C) (SAE 8740) AMS6358M (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers an aircraft quality, low alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.50Cr - 0.55Ni - 0.25Mo (0.33 - 0.38C) (8735) AMS6357N (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Steel Bars, Forgings, and Tubing 1.8Ni - 0.25Mo (0.38 - 0.43C) (4640) AMS6312L (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of bars, forgings, mechanical tubing, and forging stock.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet and Strip 52.5Ni - 19Cr - 3.0Mo - 5.0Cb - 0.90Ti - 0.50Al - 18Fe Vacuum Induction and Consumable Electrode Melted Solution Heat Treated, Precipitation HardenableAMS5950E (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet and strip 0.080 inch (2.03 mm) and under in nominal thickness (see 8.8).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Sheet and Strip, 19Cr - 9.2Ni (304), Cold Rolled, Full Hard, 185 ksi (1276 MPa) Tensile StrengthAMS5913D (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet and strip over 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) in nominal thickness (see 8.6).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Sheet and Strip, 19Cr - 9.2Ni (304), Cold Rolled, 3/4 Hard, 175 ksi (1207 MPa) Tensile StrengthAMS5912D (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet and strip over 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) in nominal thickness (see 8.6).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Sheet and Strip, 19Cr - 9.2Ni (304), Cold Rolled, 1/2 Hard, 150 ksi (1034 MPa) Tensile StrengthAMS5911D (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet and strip over 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) in nominal thickness (see 8.6).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Sheet and Strip, 18Cr - 8Ni (301), Cold Rolled, 3/4 Hard, 175 ksi (1207 MPa) Tensile StrengthAMS5902E (Current)11/25/2025
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet and strip over 0.005-inch (0.13-mm) in nominal thickness (see 8.6).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
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