Browse Topic: Niobium

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Influences of Martensite Morphology and Precipitation on Bendability in Press-Hardened Steels2022-01-027203/29/2022
Performance evaluation of martensitic press-hardened steels by VDA 238-100 three-point bend testing has become commonplace. Significant influences on bending performance exist from both surface considerations related to both decarburization and substrate-coating interaction and base martensitic steel considerations such as structural heterogeneity, i.e., banding, prior austenite grain size, titanium nitride (TiN) dispersion, mobile hydrogen, and the extent of martensite tempering as result auto-tempering upon quenching or paint baking during vehicle manufacturing. Deconvolution of such effects is challenging in practice, but it is increasingly accepted that surface considerations play an outsized role in bending performance. For specified surface conditions, however, the base steel microstructure can greatly influence bending performance and associated crash ductility to meet safety and mass-efficiency targets. This study reports and elucidates the positive effect of prior austenite
Enloe, Charles M., Mohrbacher, Hardy
Technical Paper
Steel, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.75Si - 0.62Cr - 0.20Mo - 0.10Zr (0.10 - 0.17C)AMS6354G-TEST-REC (Historical)09/29/2021
This specification covers a low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate 4.00 inches (101.6 mm) and under in thickness.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.75Si - 0.62Cr - 0.20Mo - 0.10Zr (0.10 - 0.17C)AMS6354G (Current)09/29/2021
This specification covers a low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate 4.00 inches (101.6 mm) and under in thickness.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Foil 62Ni - 21.5Cr - 9.0Mo - 3.7Cb (Nb) Cold Rolled and AnnealedAMS5879E-TEST-REC (Historical)08/19/2021
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and foil 0.100 inch (2.54 mm) and under in nominal thickness.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Foil 62Ni - 21.5Cr - 9.0Mo - 3.7Cb (Nb) Cold Rolled and AnnealedAMS5879E (Current)08/19/2021
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and foil 0.100 inch (2.54 mm) and under in nominal thickness.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Corrosion Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 15Cr - 6.5Ni - 0.75Mo - 0.60Cb - 1.5Cu Solution Heat Treated, Precipitation HardenableAMS5863F-TEST-REC (Historical)07/23/2021
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Corrosion Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 15Cr - 6.5Ni - 0.75Mo - 0.60Cb - 1.5Cu Solution Heat Treated, Precipitation HardenableAMS5863F (Current)07/23/2021
This specification covers a corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Product Analysis - Permissible Variations from Specified Chemical Analysis of a Heat or Cast of SteelJ409_202107 (Current)07/15/2021
Supplementary to the heat or cast analysis, a product analysis may be made on steel in the semifinished or finished form. For definitions and methods of sampling steel for product chemical analysis, refer to SAE J408. A product analysis is a chemical analysis of the semifinished or finished steel to determine conformance to the specification requirements. The range of the specified chemical composition is normally expanded to take into account deviations associated with analytical reproducibility and the heterogeneity of the steel. Individual determinations may vary from the specified heat or cast analysis ranges or limits to the extent shown in Tables 1 through 5. The several determinations of any element in a heat or cast may not vary both above and below the specified range except for lead. Tables 1 through 5 provide permissible limits for various steel forms and composition types. For rephosphorized and resulfurized steels, the product analysis tolerance limits are not applicable
Metals Technical Committee
Technical Standard
Product Analysis - Permissible Variations from Specified Chemical Analysis of a Heat or Cast of SteelJ409_202107-TEST-REC (Historical)07/15/2021
Supplementary to the heat or cast analysis, a product analysis may be made on steel in the semifinished or finished form. For definitions and methods of sampling steel for product chemical analysis, refer to SAE J408. A product analysis is a chemical analysis of the semifinished or finished steel to determine conformance to the specification requirements. The range of the specified chemical composition is normally expanded to take into account deviations associated with analytical reproducibility and the heterogeneity of the steel. Individual determinations may vary from the specified heat or cast analysis ranges or limits to the extent shown in Tables 1 through 5. The several determinations of any element in a heat or cast may not vary both above and below the specified range except for lead. Tables 1 through 5 provide permissible limits for various steel forms and composition types. For rephosphorized and resulfurized steels, the product analysis tolerance limits are not applicable
Metals Technical Committee
Technical Standard
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 62Ni - 21.5Cr - 9.0Mo - 3.7Cb Solution Heat TreatedAMS5869D-TEST-REC (Historical)03/05/2021
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate up to 1.000 inch (25.40 mm) in nominal thickness (see 8.7).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 62Ni - 21.5Cr - 9.0Mo - 3.7Cb Solution Heat TreatedAMS5869D (Current)03/05/2021
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate up to 1.000 inch (25.40 mm) in nominal thickness (see 8.7).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Corrosion Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 15Cr - 6.5Ni - 0.75Mo - 0.30Cb - 1.5Cu Consumable Electrode Melted, Solution Heat Treated Precipitation HardenableAMS5859F-TEST-REC (Historical)01/13/2021
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Corrosion Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 15Cr - 6.5Ni - 0.75Mo - 0.30Cb - 1.5Cu Consumable Electrode Melted, Solution Heat Treated Precipitation HardenableAMS5859F (Current)01/13/2021
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet and Strip 52.5Ni - 19Cr - 3.0Mo - 5.0Cb - 0.90Ti - 0.50Al - 18Fe Vacuum Induction and Consumable Electrode Melted Solution Heat Treated, Precipitation HardenableAMS5950D (Current)12/29/2020
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet and strip 0.080 inch (2.03 mm) and under in nominal thickness (see 8.8).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.50Cr - 0.55Ni - 0.25Mo (0.38 - 0.43C) (SAE 8740)AMS6358L-TEST-REC (Historical)09/01/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.50Cr - 0.55Ni - 0.25Mo (0.38 - 0.43C) (SAE 8740)AMS6358L (Current)09/01/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.50Cr - 0.55Ni - 0.25Mo (0.33 - 0.38C) (8735)AMS6357M-TEST-REC (Historical)08/24/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.50Cr - 0.55Ni - 0.25Mo (0.33 - 0.38C) (8735)AMS6357M (Current)08/24/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Vanadium: A Green Metal Critical to Aerospace and Clean EnergyTBMG-3737608/01/2020
In the 1960s, the world’s leading aerospace engineers at Lockheed’s Skunk Works facility faced an extraordinarily difficult engineering challenge: how to design a successor to the U-2 spy aircraft, which had proven increasingly vulnerable to advanced Soviet anti-aircraft systems. Among other capabilities, the next-generation aircraft they were to design required an ability to cruise at a sustained speed of Mach 3+, operate at altitudes exceeding 80,000 feet, and feature as low a radar cross section as possible. Given the technologies of the day – slide rules were still used by engineers for most calculations – it was a daunting task.
Magazine Article
Vanadium A Green Metal Critical to Aerospace and Clean Energy20AERP08_0208/01/2020
In the 1960s, the world's leading aerospace engineers at Lockheed's Skunk Works facility faced an extraordinarily difficult engineering challenge: how to design a successor to the U-2 spy aircraft, which had proven increasingly vulnerable to advanced Soviet anti-aircraft systems. Among other capabilities, the next-generation aircraft they were to design required an ability to cruise at a sustained speed of Mach 3+, operate at altitudes exceeding 80,000 feet, and feature as low a radar cross section as possible. Given the technologies of the day - slide rules were still used by engineers for most calculations - it was a daunting task. One of the key hurdles was designing and machining components of the jet's outer skin such that it could handle temperatures from aerodynamic friction and continuous engine operation as high as 1,050 °F. The answer: titanium-based alloys that contained the metal vanadium. When added to titanium, vanadium helps to create alloys with the best strength-to
Magazine Article
Steel, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo (0.28 - 0.33C) (SAE 4130) Normalized or Otherwise Heat TreatedAMS6345E-TEST-REC (Historical)04/10/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo (0.28 - 0.33C) (SAE 4130) SpheroidizedAMS6351L-TEST-REC (Historical)04/10/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo - (0.38 - 0.43C) (SAE 4140)AMS6395J-TEST-REC (Historical)04/10/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo (0.28 - 0.33C) (SAE 4130)AMS6350P-TEST-REC (Historical)04/10/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.80Cr - 1.8Ni - 0.25Mo (0.38 - 0.43C) (SAE 4340)AMS6359L (Current)04/10/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo (0.28 - 0.33C) (SAE 4130) Normalized or Otherwise Heat TreatedAMS6345E (Current)04/10/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo (0.28 - 0.33C) (SAE 4130) SpheroidizedAMS6351L (Current)04/10/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo (0.28 - 0.33C) (SAE 4130)AMS6350P (Current)04/10/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo - (0.38 - 0.43C) (SAE 4140)AMS6395J (Current)04/10/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.95Cr - 0.20Mo - (0.30 - 0.35C) (4132)AMS6356J (Current)03/18/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate 0.80Cr - 1.8Ni - 0.25Mo (0.49 - 0.55C) AnnealedAMS6396G (Current)02/18/2020
This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Material Specification
Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 41.5Ni - 16Cr - 37Fe - 2.9Cb (NB) - 1.8Ti Consumable Electrode or Vacuum Induction Melted 1750 °F (954 °C) Solution Heat TreatedAMS5606F-TEST-REC (Historical)07/31/2019
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 41.5Ni - 16Cr - 37Fe - 2.9Cb (NB) - 1.8Ti Consumable Electrode or Vacuum Induction Melted 1750 °F (954 °C) Solution Heat TreatedAMS5606F (Current)07/31/2019
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Calculation of Electron Vacancy Number in SuperalloysAS5491D (Current)07/24/2019
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes a uniform procedure for calculation of electron vacancy numbers in superalloys. It is intended for use by suppliers of raw materials and parts, typically castings, for which control of electron vacancy number is required by the raw material specification.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Technical Standard
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 72Ni - 15.5Cr - 0.95Cb(Nb) - 2.5Ti - 0.70Al - 7.0Fe AnnealedAMS5542P-TEST-REC (Historical)04/11/2019
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet and strip up to 0.1874 inch (4.76 mm) thick, inclusive, and plate up to 4.000 inches (101.6 mm) thick, inclusive (see 8.6).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 72Ni - 15.5Cr - 0.95 (Cb (Nb) + Ta) - 2.5Ti - 0.70Al - 7.0Fe Consumable Electrode, Remelted or Vacuum Induction Melted, Solution Heat Treated, Precipitation-HardenableAMS5598F-TEST-REC (Historical)04/11/2019
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet and strip up to 0.187 inch (4.75 mm) thick, inclusive, and plate up to 4.000 inches (101.6 mm) thick, inclusive, procured in inch/pound units (see 8.6).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 72Ni - 15.5Cr - 0.95Cb(Nb) - 2.5Ti - 0.70Al - 7.0Fe AnnealedAMS5542P (Current)04/11/2019
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet and strip up to 0.1874 inch (4.76 mm) thick, inclusive, and plate up to 4.000 inches (101.6 mm) thick, inclusive (see 8.6).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 72Ni - 15.5Cr - 0.95 (Cb (Nb) + Ta) - 2.5Ti - 0.70Al - 7.0Fe Consumable Electrode, Remelted or Vacuum Induction Melted, Solution Heat Treated, Precipitation-HardenableAMS5598F (Current)04/11/2019
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet and strip up to 0.187 inch (4.75 mm) thick, inclusive, and plate up to 4.000 inches (101.6 mm) thick, inclusive, procured in inch/pound units (see 8.6).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 41.5Ni - 16Cr - 37Fe - 2.9Cb (Nb) - 1.8Ti Consumable Electrode or Vacuum Induction Melted 1800 °F (982 °C) Solution Heat TreatedAMS5605G-TEST-REC (Historical)01/07/2019
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate 1.00 inch (25.4 mm) and under in nominal thickness.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat Resistant Sheet, Strip, and Foil Ni - 18Cr - 2.8Mo - 5.5Cb (Nb) - 0.70Ti - 1.50Al - 10Fe - 9Co - 1W Vacuum Induction Melted and Consumable Electrode Remelted Solution Heat TreatedAMS5960A-TEST-REC (Historical)01/07/2019
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and foil 0.1874 inch (4.76 mm) and under in nominal thickness (see 8.6).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 41.5Ni - 16Cr - 37Fe - 2.9Cb (Nb) - 1.8Ti Consumable Electrode or Vacuum Induction Melted 1800 °F (982 °C) Solution Heat TreatedAMS5605G (Current)01/07/2019
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate 1.00 inch (25.4 mm) and under in nominal thickness.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat Resistant Sheet, Strip, and Foil Ni - 18Cr - 2.8Mo - 5.5Cb (Nb) - 0.70Ti - 1.50Al - 10Fe - 9Co - 1W Vacuum Induction Melted and Consumable Electrode Remelted Solution Heat TreatedAMS5960A (Current)01/07/2019
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and foil 0.1874 inch (4.76 mm) and under in nominal thickness (see 8.6).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Special Metals Make Unparalleled Medical Devices PossibleTBMG-3357201/01/2019
Around the world, people are living longer with more active lifestyles thanks to continuing advancements in medical technology. This evolution in technology stems from the development of sophisticated metals and alloys that are finding new uses in internal and external medical applications. From improvements in diagnostic guide wires to new alloys for permanent implants in the body, metals continue to find new uses.
Magazine Article
Tantalum Alloy Sheet, Strip, and Plate 90Ta - 10WAMS7847D (Current)11/21/2018
This specification covers a tantalum alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate from 0.010 through 0.250 inch (0.25 through 6.35 mm), inclusive.
AMS G Titanium and Refractory Metals Committee
Material Specification
Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 29Fe - 22Cr - 21Ni - 18.5Co - 3.2Mo - 2.8W - 0.78Ta - 0.30Al - 0.05Zr - 0.05La - 0.20N Solution Heat TreatedAMS5874C (Historical)10/10/2018
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 29Fe - 22Cr - 21Ni - 18.5Co - 3.2Mo - 2.8W - 0.78Ta - 0.30Al - 0.05Zr - 0.05La - 0.20N Solution Heat TreatedAMS5874C-TEST-REC (Historical)10/10/2018
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Corrosion Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 15Cr - 6.5Ni - 0.75Mo - 0.30Cb - 1.5Cu Consumable Electrode Melted, Solution Heat Treated Precipitation HardenableAMS5859E (Historical)08/08/2018
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Steel, Corrosion Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 15Cr - 6.5Ni - 0.75Mo - 0.30Cb - 1.5Cu Consumable Electrode Melted, Solution Heat Treated Precipitation HardenableAMS5859E-TEST-REC (Historical)08/08/2018
This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, corrosion-resistant steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Cobalt-Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Round Bars 19Cr - 36Co - 25Ni - 7.0Mo - 0.50Cb (Nb) - 2.9Ti - 0.20Al - 9.0Fe Vacuum Induction Plus Vacuum Consumable Electrode Melted Solution Heat Treated and Work Strengthened, Modified StrengthAMS5919B (Current)08/08/2018
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant, work strengthened cobalt-nickel-chromium alloy in the form of bars 2 inches (50.8 mm) and under in nominal diameter (see 8.2).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
Cobalt-Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Round Bars 19Cr - 36Co - 25Ni - 7.0Mo - 0.50Cb (Nb) - 2.9Ti - 0.20Al - 9.0Fe Vacuum Induction Plus Vacuum Consumable Electrode Melted Solution Heat Treated, Work-Strengthened and Aged, Modified StrengthAMS5920B (Current)08/08/2018
This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant, work-strengthened and aged cobalt-nickel-chromium alloy in the form of bars 2 inches (50.8 mm) and under in nominal diameter (see 8.2).
AMS F Corrosion Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Material Specification
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