To elucidate the complex characteristics of pre-chamber combustion engines, the interaction of the hot gas jets initiated by an active narrow throated pre-chamber with lean premixed CH4/air in a heavy-duty engine was studied computationally. A twelve-hole KAUST proprietary pre-chamber geometry was investigated using CONVERGE software. The KAUST pre-chamber has an upper conical part with the spark plug, and fuel injector, followed by a straight narrow region called the throat and nozzles connecting the chambers. The simulations were run for an entire cycle, starting at the previous cycle's exhaust valve opening (EVO). The SAGE combustion model was used with the chemistry modeled using a reduced methane oxidation mechanism based on GRI Mech 3.0, which was validated against in-house OH chemiluminescence data from the optical engine experiments. Two different piston geometries, a flat piston geometry, and a more realistic bowl piston geometry were studied to understand the influence of jet

Sanal, Sangeeth, Echeverri Marquez, Manuel, Silva, Mickael, Cenker, Emre, Im, Hong G.

Experimental Evaluation of Methane-Hydrogen Mixtures for Enabling Stable Lean Combustion in Spark-Ignition Engines for Automotive Applications

2022-01-056703/29/2022

Economy decarbonization will be one of the main goals for the following years. Research efforts are being focused on reducing carbon-based emissions, by increasing the efficiency of the transport power plants while developing new fuel production methods that reduce the environmental footprint of the refinement process. Consequently, the depletion of conventional fuels derived from petroleum with high carbon content, such as gasoline and diesel, motivated the development of propulsive alternatives for the automotive sector. In this paradigm, methane (CH4) fuel appears as a mid-term solution due to its low carbon content, if compared with traditional fuels, and the low CO2 emissions during its production from renewable sources. However, the intrinsic properties of methane compromise the combustion process, subsequently increasing the emission of CO2. Here, several investigations demonstrated the benefits of using hydrogen (H2) in combination with CH4, for increasing the engine efficiency

Molina, Santiago, Novella, Ricardo, Gomez-Soriano, Josep, Olcina-Girona, Miguel

Numerical assessment of tribological performance of different low viscosity engine oils in a 4-stroke CI light-duty ICE

2022-01-038303/29/2022

Decreasing fuel consumption in Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) is a key target for engine developers in order to achieve the CO2 emissions limits during a standard cycle. In this context, reduction of engine friction can help meet those targets. The use of Low Viscosity Engine Oils (LVEOs), which is currently one of the avenues to achieve such reductions, is studied in this manuscript through a validated numerical simulation model that predicts the friction of the engine’s piston-cylinder unit, journal bearings and camshaft. These frictional power losses are obtained for four different lubricant formulations which differ in their viscosity grades and design. Results show a maximum friction savings of up to 6% depending on the engine operating condition, where the major reductions come from hydrodynamic-dominated components such as journal bearings, despite an increase in friction in boundary-dominated components such as the piston-ring assembly. Also, an evaluation of the potential

Tormos, Bernardo, Jiménez, Antonio J., Fang, Tianshi, Mainwaring, Robert, Lizarraga-Garcia, Enrique

Machine learning assisted analysis of heat transfer characteristics of a heavy duty natural gas engine

2022-01-057203/29/2022

Heat transfer affects engine performance, efficiency, and emissions. Hence, it was essential to investigate the heat transfer characteristics after converting a compression ignition engine to a spark ignition and natural gas. The heat transfer for each engine speed and load was calculated based on Woschni’s correlation. As the number of experiments that provided engine response was limited, an artificial neural network approach was proposed to predict the engine heat transfer characteristics and aid in the analysis. The good agreement between the experimental results and data predicted by the machine learning algorithm validated the predictive capability of the artificial neural network model. The results of the data-driven analyses suggested that the heat transfer increased as the spark timing advanced. Moreover, increasing the engine speed reduced the heat flux form the combustion chamber to the engine coolant. Further, leaning the mixture lowered the heat transfer rate to the

Liu, Jinlong, Dumitrescu, Cosmin, Ulishney, Christopher

Engine Thermodynamic Design, Optimization, Test & Analysis of Daimler SuperTruck2 Program Towards 55% BTE Target

2022-01-050403/29/2022

Daimler's effort toward demonstration of 55% brake thermal efficiency for the US Department of Energy SuperTruck2 program relied on a holistic approach to optimization of the Daimler heavy-duty 12.8L diesel engine. Core technical approaches used in this effort include efficient two-stage turbocharging with intercooling, valve timing optimization, improved combustion system design, friction and parasitics reduction through optimized lubrication system, and in-cylinder heat transfer reduction. These measures in combination provided an anticipated engine efficiency of over 50% BTE before application of an additional waste heat recovery system. Utilization of high-fidelity simulations from 1D physical model simulation studies and CFD/FEA framework allowed for optimization of the engine pumping loop and heat transfer reduction efforts. Test bench data provides high-level overview of combustion improvement, friction & parasitics reduction, improvement in in-cylinder heat transfer reduction

Bashir, Murad

Optimization of the operating conditions of a dual CI engine fueled with methanol

2022-01-056003/29/2022

Among the new low temperature combustion modes, Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) offers a low NOx-soot trade off (keeping a relatively high engine efficiency). Also, RCCI permits the introduction of a renewable fuel with a lower CO2 direct emission such as short-chains alcohols. For this work, methanol and diesel fuel were used as low and high reactivity fuels, respectively. A 1.3 L single-cylinder engine, with a cylinder volume usual in medium- and heavy-duty truck and bus engines, was used in this work. The engine was operated at an engine speed of 1600 rpm and 25% load (representing one of the 13-mode test on medium duty trucks), which results in an indicated mean effective pressure of 5.2 bar. The effects of methanol substitution ratio (MSR) at 20 and 35% on performance and pollutant emissions was investigated and compared to conventional diesel combustion (CDC). The main target of the work is to find an optimum point according to a defined objective function for

Rodriguez-Fernandez, José, Hernandez, Juan J., Ramos, Ángel, Barba, Javier, Domínguez Pérez, Víctor M., Horcajada Torres, Óscar, Casero-Alonso, Víctor, Rodríguez-Aragón, Licesio J.

Benefits of Octane-On-Demand in an E10-Gasoline Engine Vehicle Using an On-Board Fuel Separator

2022-01-050603/29/2022

Knock in gasoline engines at higher loads is a significant constraint on torque and efficiency. The anti-knock property of a fuel is closely related to its research octane number (RON). Ethanol has superior RON compared to gasoline and thus has been commonly used to blend with gasoline in commercial fuels. As a result, an onboard Octane-on-demand (OOD) concept that separates commercial gasoline with ethanol content into high-octane fuel with high ethanol fraction and a lower octane remainder has been developed. It then uses both fuels in varying proportion to provide to the engine a fuel blend with just enough RON to meet the ever changing octane requirement that depends on driving pattern. In this work, the authors assessed the OOD concept on a state-of-art high-efficiency SI engine in three tasks: (1) Comparison of performance characteristics of an up-to-date reference engine coupled with cylinder deactivation (CDA) system, with a similar OOD engine. (2) Study of the performance of

Chen, Yu, Kasseris, Emmanuel, Heywood, John, Han, Donghee, Kim, Jaeheun, Lee, Kwanhee, Kang, Hyunjin, Zhou, Jinsheng, Mizuno, Kazuhiko, Seitz, Scott, Kim, Seongju, Min, Seungbae, Peters, Nathan, Subramanyam, Sai Krishna P., Bunce, Michael

Visualization of the pre-chamber combustion and main-chamber jets of a narrow throat pre-chamber

2022-01-056603/29/2022

Pre-chamber combustion (PCC) has emerged in the last year as a potential solution to mitigate the global warming problem due to its improvement in engine efficiency with low emissions. Research about the combustion process inside the pre-chamber is still representing a challenge in the field. The high pressure and temperatures, the geometrical restrictions, and the quickness of the combustion are factors that limited the detailed study of this process. Some fundamental studies on constant, at low, and medium working pressures have shown the complexity of the process and the influence of high pressures on the turbulence levels. In this study, the combustion process inside a pre-chamber was optically captured under real engine conditions and linked with the jet emergence inside the main-chamber. A novel optical pre-chamber assembly was designed and tested on an optical engine, having combustion only in the pre-chamber volume, with CH4 as fuel. A separate measurement was carried out using

Echeverri Marquez, Manuel, Sharma, Priybrat, Hlaing, Ponnya, Magnotti, Gaetano, Johansson, Bengt, Turner, James

Impact of LPG Composition on Performance, Emissions and Combustion Characteristics of a Spark-ignited CFR Engine

2022-01-056403/29/2022

Research on alternative fuels has made significant progress as demands for cleaner and efficient engine operation intensifies. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) can offer a potential alternative fuel route in the Diesel fuel dominated heavy-duty transportation sector due to its low cost, high anti-knock limit relative to gasoline, and reduced emission levels. In this work, experimental investigations are performed to study the effects of LPG compositions on performance, emissions, and combustion behavior of a cooperative fuel research (CFR) engine under stoichiometric conditions. Four LPG blends (chemically pure propane, a representative US blend, HD5, and a representative European blend) representing the present LPG market are chosen. The impact of fuel composition is studied under different compression ratios (CR) ranging from 7:1 to 10:1 with one-unit increments. The results show that fuel composition has minimal effect on engine efficiency over the CR range. Engine-out emissions are

Fosudo, Toluwalase, Kar, Tanmay, Marchese, Anthony, Windom, Bret, Olsen, Daniel

Development of Multiple Injection Strategy for Gasoline Compression Ignition High Performance and Low Emissions in a Light Duty Engine

2022-01-055203/29/2022

Increasing regulatory demand to reduce CO2 emissions has led to a focus on the development of novel combustion modes such as gasoline compression ignition (GCI). It has been shown by others that GCI can improve the overall engine efficiency while achieving soot and NOx emissions targets. In comparison with diesel fuel, gasoline has a higher volatility and has more resistance to autoignition, therefore, it has a longer ignition delay time which facilitates better mixing of the air-fuel charge before ignition. In this study, a GCI combustion system has been tested using a Hyundai 2.2L engine as part of a US Department of Energy funded project. For this purpose, a multiple injection strategy was developed to improve the pressure rise rates and soot emission levels for the same engine out NOx emissions. The effect of start of injection timing and fuel quantity split between injections are reported for double and triple-injection strategies with impact on cylinder pressure and heat release

Zyada, Antowan, Zoldak, Philip, Naber, Jeffrey

Measurement of Piston Friction with a Floating Liner Engine for Heavy-Duty Applications

2022-01-072303/29/2022

The further increase in the efficiency of heavy-duty engines is essential in order to reduce CO2 emissions in the transport industry. This is also valid for the future use of alternative fuels, which can be CO2-neutral, but can cause higher total costs of ownership due to higher prices and limited availability. In addition to thermodynamic optimization, the reduction of mechanical losses is of great importance. In particular, there is a high potential in the piston bore interface, since continuously increasing cylinder pressures have a strong influence on the frictional and lateral piston forces. To meet these future challenges of increasing heavy-duty engine efficiency, AVL has developed a floating liner engine for heavy-duty applications based on its tried and tested passenger car floating liner concept. This article describes the concept of the friction single-cylinder engine developed to measure both the frictional forces and the lateral forces that occur between the piston

Edtmayer, Josef, Plettenberg, Mirko, Raser, Bernhard, Schäffer, Julian, Magyar, András, Szebényi, András, Knitlhoffer, Ádám, Littera, Daniele

Experimental and Analytical Study of Temperature Swing Piston Coatings in a Medium-Duty Diesel Engine

2022-01-053203/29/2022

The use of Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) has been shown to be a promising technology to improve internal combustion engine efficiencies by reducing heat rejection to the coolant and oil. In recent studies, temperature swing coatings that have simultaneously low volumetric heat capacity and low thermal conductivity have been shown to be particularly promising in this regard. In this study, a traditional and a newer swing coating are applied to the piston of an on-road medium-duty diesel engine to assess the benefits of their use. An analytical wall temperature model is coupled to the 1-D engine simulation software GT-POWER and predictions of wall temperature, heat transfer and chemical heat release rate are presented. The swing coating is found to yield an ~1.2% efficiency benefit at the highest load condition studied alongside an 80°C improvement in exhaust temperature at the lowest load condition studied compared to a reference uncoated piston. Further, the traditional TBC was not

Babu, Aravindh, Koutsakis, George, Kokjohn, Sage, Andrie, Michael

A CFD Investigation Comparing the Performance of an Alternative Valvetrain Design Against a Traditional Poppet Valvetrain

2022-01-076003/29/2022

The poppet valve is by far the most widely used cylinder head design in internal combustion engines; however, poppet valves themselves create significant flow restrictions during both the intake and exhaust strokes, thus causing a reduction in overall engine efficiency. By removing the restrictive poppet valve from the flow path of air into and out of the cylinder head and allowing air to flow unobstructed, any given ICE engine can achieve higher specific output and greater volumetric efficiency. A new alternative valvetrain design, the flow through barrel valve (FTBV) cylinder head, utilizes straight-cut flow passages that reduce such restrictions. The FTBV, designed by Vaztec, LLC., is a rotary valve system that is designed to be belt driven by the crankshaft, thereby replacing the camshaft and poppet valve system altogether. This paper will primarily explore the differences in flow characteristics between the FTBV and conventional poppet valve cylinder heads using both CFD and flow

Robinson, Austin Clay, Garrett, Norman, Vaseleniuck, Darrick, Uddin, Mesbah

Detection and Onset Determination of End-Gas Autoignition on Spark-Ignited Natural Gas Engines Based on the Apparent Heat Release Rate

2022-01-056303/29/2022

Natural Gas used in high-efficiency engines holds promise as a low-cost intermediate solution to reduce Greenhouse Gases and particulate matter. However, to achieve high engine efficiencies, engines need to be operated at higher power levels and increased Brake Mean Effective Pressures (BMEP), which is limited by destructive, engine damaging knock. Alternatively, if controlled, the same End-Gas Autoignition (EGAI) process responsible for knock can boost efficiencies and consume unburned methane while leveraging low-cost traditional exhaust aftertreatment technologies, such as a three-way catalyst, to minimize environmental impact. For this reason, this work has developed a method to detect the presence of EGAI and to determine its onset location (or crank angle). This method is based on the characteristic shape of the Apparent Heat Release Rate (AHRR) curve under four levels of EGAI, where, by searching for the presence and location of inflection points one can determine the onset

Bernardi Bestel, Diego, Rodriguez, Juan, Marchese, Anthony, Olsen, Daniel, Windom, Bret

On predictive nozzle simulations with advanced equations of state and pressure boundary conditions

2022-01-060503/29/2022

The reduction of harmful emissions is a key challenge for fighting climate change and global warming. Besides battery electric vehicles (BEVs), improved engine efficiency and alternate fuels, such as e-fuels or biofuels, are options to improve the emission budget of the transportation sector. To accelerate this development, predictive simulations can be utilized as these avoid scientists to rely on slow manufacturing processes. As the properties of alternative fuels can change drastically compared to classical fuels, even engine parameters, such as the mass flow rate, need to be reevaluated and optimized. However, often simulation frameworks rely on mass flow rates as input quantity and thus a prediction is not possible. This paper gives accurate pressure based boundary conditions for multi-phase system. It focuses on equation of states employed in homogeneous equilibrium models (HEMs). Additionally, a dual-density approach is introduced to correct for modeling errors which are

Bode, Mathis

A Review of Current Understanding of the Underlying Physics Governing the Interaction, Ignition and Combustion Dynamics of Multiple-injections in Diesel Engines

2022-01-053503/29/2022

This work is intended to be a comprehensive technical review of existing literature and a synthesis of current understanding of the governing physics behind the interaction of multiple fuel injectio ns, ignition and combustion behavior of multiple-injections in diesel engines. Multiple-injection is a widely adopted operating strategy applied in modern compression-ignition engines, which involves various combinations of small pre-injections and post-injections of fuel before and after the main injection and splitting the main injection into multiple smaller injections. This strategy has been conclusively shown to improve fuel economy in diesel engines while achieving simultaneous NOx, soot, and combustion noise reduction in addition to a reduction in the emissions of unburned hydrocarbons and CO by preventing fuel wetting and flame quenching at the piston wall. Despite the widespread adoption and an extensive literature documenting the effects of multiple-injection strategies in engines

Rajasegar, Rajavasanth, Srna, Ales

Test 123

SAE-PP-0051802/08/2022

sdfgkj;df dlk;jg ;lkdja;lk sadf kj;lskdjfl;ksdf

Basile, Julia, Mutagaana, Festo

Continuously Variable Displacement Drive for Engines Part 2, Design, Analysis, and Test

SAE-PP-0051602/08/2022

A new type of drive system has been designed, analyzed, patented, prototyped, and tested. The drive’s unique capabilities include the ability to vary the bottom dead center position to reduce the stroke, and simultaneously vary the top dead center position to achieve the desired compression ratio with one simple, low friction mechanism. The purpose of the concept is to reduce losses associated with operation at partial load as most engines spend a preponderance of their operating life at partial load. This paper covers the design and analysis, prototyping, and testing of the unit as an air compressor. Engine simulation of the unit configured as a gasoline engine showed a ~30% improvement in fuel economy on a 10-mode weighted cycle and is covered in SAE 2021-01-0442, “Continuously Variable Displacement Drive for Engines Part 1, Performance Simulation.”

Basile, Julia

Combustion Performance of Methane Fermentation Gas with Hydrogen Addition under Various Ignition Timings

2022-32-004301/09/2022

Hydrogen (H2) addition is widely used for natural gas combustion to improve the engine efficiency. However, less attention was paid on the various ignition timings for the maximum brake torque (MBT) and brake thermal efficiency (BTE). In order to check the ignition timing effect, experiments were performed in a spark ignition engine with engine speed fixed on 1500 revolutions per minute (rpm). Firstly, CH4 was only used for combustion with excess air ratio (λ) changing from 0.8 to 1.4. Then, co-combustion of 50 vol% CH4 and 50 vol% CO2 was checked to simulate methane fermentation gas. Finally, H2 was added with volume percentage varying from 5% to 20%. Among these discussions, torque, brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), BTE and cylinder pressure were evaluated. Based on the results, high efficiency can be achieved by advancing the ignition timing with H2 addition at λ=1.4. However, with H2 addition, the ignition timing should be retarded to obtain higher BTE. At the lean-burn

Luo, Hongliang, Jin, Yu, An, Yanzhao, Matsumura, Yukihiko, Ichikawa, Takayuki, Kim, Wookyung, Nakashimada, Yutaka, Nishida, Keiya

Generating some more Tasks

SAE-PP-0049311/10/2021

asdfasfasdf

Kelly, Jason

Detailed Combustion Analysis of a Supercharged Double-Fueled Spark Ignition Engine

03-15-04-002611/10/2021

The main goal of researches in the field of automotive engineering is to obtain a large-scale implementation of low- or zero-emissions vehicles in order to substantially reduce air pollution in urban areas. A fundamental step toward this green transition is represented by the improvement of current internal combustion (IC) engines in terms of fuel economy and pollutant emissions. The spark ignition (SI) engines of modern light-duty vehicles are supercharged, down-sized, and equipped with direct injection. Gaseous fuels, such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or natural gas (NG), proved to be a valid alternative to gasoline in order to reduce pollutant emissions and increase fuel economy. In previous works the authors investigated the simultaneous combustion, in an SI engine, of gasoline and a gaseous fuel (referred to as Double-Fuel operation, DF) both in the naturally aspirated and supercharged version; a significant increment of engine efficiency and a great reduction of pollutant

Beccari, Stefano, Pipitone, Emiliano

Piston Ring Friction Losses in a Free Piston Engine with Variable Frequency

03-15-04-002511/09/2021

Free piston linear engines (FPLE) directly convert the piston reciprocating motion into electricity using an integrated linear alternator. Unlike conventional crankshaft engines, the FPLE’s motion is variable and is not restricted between the predefined or fixed dead centers. The variable FPLE motion is governed by the system of forces acting on the translator (reciprocating) mechanism. In some cases, energy storage devices like stiff mechanical springs are used in the FPLE system for increasing frequency and power density. Variations in the forces acting on the reciprocating mechanism will significantly influence the dynamics, in-cylinder thermodynamics, and mechanical friction losses of FPLE. While the researchers til today focused on finding the piston ring frictional characteristics for one design and operating point, no investigation was performed to understand how different design and operating variables impact the frictional characteristics of a free piston engine. Furthermore

Bade, Mehar, Subramanian, Jayaram, Clark, Nigel, Famouri, Parviz

Digital Approach for Dynamic Balancing of Three Cylinder Gasoline Engine Crank-train

2021-26-026509/22/2021

Due to ever increasing demand of more fuel efficient engine with lower manufacturing cost, compact design and lower maintenance cost; OEM’s prefer three cylinder internal combustion engine over four cylinder engine. Though customer demands NVH characteristics of a three cylinder engines to be in line with four cylinder engine. Crank-train balancing plays most vital role in NVH aspects of three cylinder engines. A three cylinder engine crankshaft with phase angle of 120 degrees poses a challenge in balancing the crank train. In three-cylinder engines, total sum of unbalanced inertia forces occurring in each cylinder will be counterbalanced among each other. However, parts of inertia forces generated at No.1 and No. 3 cylinders will cause primary and secondary resultant moments about No. 2 cylinder. Conventional method of designing a dynamically balanced crank train is time consuming and leads to rework during manufacturing. Also, different vehicle models with a same engine can call for

Gupta, Akash K, B, Venkatakiran, K, Rahul, Panwar, Anupam, Joshi, Manoj

Impact of Materials Properties on Higher-Temperature Engine Operation

2021-01-114209/21/2021

We examine the effects on materials temperatures and engine efficiency via simulations of engines operating at temperatures which exceed the thermal limits of today’s materials. Potential focus areas include high-speed, high-load operation (in the fuel-enrichment zone) as well as conditions of selective cooling at lower speeds and loads. We focus on a light-duty DISI and a heavy-duty CI engine using GT-Power. Temperature distributions within the head, block, piston, and valves were obtained from 3D FEA simulations coupled with 1D GT-Power representations of the engine’s gas flow and combustion regions. We use experimentally measured thermal properties of current commercial alloys for specific engine components, as well as candidate developmental alloys with improved temperature tolerance, to gauge the effects of materials properties on engine performance, particularly focusing on operating areas where materials which can withstand higher temperatures can enable intensified combustion

Mills, Zachary G., Finney, Charles E.A., Haynes, J. Allen, Trofimov, Artem A., Wang, Hsin, Pierce, Dean T.

Performance Comparison of LPG and Gasoline in an Engine Configured for EGR-Loop Catalytic Reforming

2021-01-115809/21/2021

In prior work, the EGR loop catalytic reforming strategy developed by ORNL has been shown to increase brake engine efficiency by minimizing the thermodynamic expense of the reforming processes, and in some cases achieving thermochemical recuperation (TCR), a form of waste heat recovery where waste heat is converted to usable chemical energy. In doing so, the EGR dilution limit was extended beyond 35% under stoichiometric conditions. In this investigation, a Microlith®-based metal-supported reforming catalyst was used and the speed and load ranges were expanded relative to previous investigations: from 1,500 to 2,500 rpm, and from 2-14 bar break mean effective pressure (BMEP). Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of the H/C ratio of the fuel on the thermodynamics of the reforming process, and ultimately on the engine efficiency. This was accomplished by comparing an E10 gasoline (H/C = 1.95) and liquified petroleum gas (LPG), comprised primarily of propane (H/C = 2.67

Szybist, James, Pihl, Josh, Hawa, Hani, Roychoudhury, Subir

Design Optimization of Two-Wheeler Radiator with the Existing Design Using the Mathematical Modelling Tools & Testing Data

2021-28-013609/15/2021

Radiators are type of heat exchangers, which are used to transfer the heat from one fluid to another fluid. It is mainly used in automobile engine cooling system and the radiators are the major source of heat rejection from the system by cooling the working fluid (generally water or glycol mixture). The application of radiator in two wheeler vehicle segment plays a vital role in increasing the engine efficiency by maintaining the optimum temperature inside the engine assembly. As the technology advances with higher power requirement for two wheeler vehicle segment, thermal management of combustion engine becomes a critical part of it, resulting in the advancement of radiator technology in terms of compactness and thermal performance. In order to cater the increasing demand of high powered engine, performance optimization of two wheeler radiator becomes an important aspect of design. This paper investigates the existing design parameters i.e. both the geometrical and thermal parameters

Suman, Saurabh, Kushwah, Yogendra Singh

Analysis of thermal coating on Engine performance parameters & fuel economy of a small size NA spark ignition engine

2021-28-013409/15/2021

With strict upcoming regulation norms, it becomes a challenging task for automotive industry to develop highly efficient engine that meets all the regulation norms. The focus of automakers is to utilize fuel energy in most efficient way and to reduce the energy loss from the engine to improve thermal efficiency. Heat loss to the cooling medium is one of the prime losses inside the combustion chamber. Thermal barrier coating is used to reduce heat losses across combustion chamber surfaces (Piston, head, valves and cylinder liner) as it provides good insulation because of the prominent properties of coating materials like low thermal conductivity, low heat capacity, high melting point etc. This paper presents application and impact of thermal swing coating on thermal efficiency and engine emissions. The benefit of reduction in heat loss across the combustion chamber surfaces leads to increase in thermal efficiency without deteriorating volumetric efficiency since thermal swing coating

Kaushik, Harshit Kumar, Rani, Abha, Sarna, Nishant, Rajak, Ranjeet

48V Exhaust Gas Recirculation Pump: Reducing Carbon Dioxide with High-Efficiency Turbochargers without Increasing Engine-Out NOx

02-14-03-0024

08/23/2021

Regulations limiting GreenHouse Gases (GHG) from Heavy-Duty (HD) commercial vehicles in the United States (US) and European Union will phase in between the 2024 and 2030 model years. These mandates require efficiency improvements at both the engine and vehicle levels, with the most stringent reductions required in the heaviest vehicles used for long-haul applications. At the same time, a 90% reduction in oxides of nitrogen (NOx) will be required as part of new regulations from the California Air Resources Board. Any technologies applied to improve engine efficiency must therefore not come at the expense of increased NOx emissions. Research into advanced engine architectures and components has identified improved turbomachine efficiency as one of the largest potential contributors to engine efficiency improvement. However this comes at the cost of a reduced capability to drive high-pressure Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR). This study investigates the combination of a high-efficiency

Johnson, Gustav, Bockstanz, Bradford, Bagal, Nilesh, Hopkins, Justin, Hughes, Doug, Playfoot, Ben

Regulated Intake Air Boosting and Engine Downspeeding as a Viable Solution for Performance Improvement and Emission Reduction of a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine

03-15-02-0009

08/16/2021

The present work proposes a viable approach to develop single-cylinder diesel engines for the future by implementing regulated intake air boosting (RIAB) and engine downspeeding (ED) along with the well-established low compression ratio (LCR) approach. The investigations were conducted in a mass-production light-duty single-cylinder diesel engine initially equipped with a naturally aspirated (NA) intake system. By lowering the compression ratio (CR) and implementing the intake air boosting (IAB) using a belt-driven supercharger, the maximum brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) of the engine could be increased by 50%. More importantly, the improved performance could be achieved without violating the peak firing pressure (PFP) limits. However, a significant penalty was observed in the brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) at low-load operating points due to the additional power consumption of the IAB system. Hence, RIAB was implemented to optimize the boost pressure with respect to

Vikraman, V., Krishnasamy, Anand, Ramesh, A.

workflow test

SAE-PP-0039908/13/2021

workflow e2e test

SintzUSER, Jeneane

Lean-Stratified Combustion System with Miller Cycle for Downsized Boosted Application - Part 2

2021-01-045704/06/2021

Automotive manufacturers relentlessly explore engine technology combinations to achieve reduced fuel consumption under continued regulatory, societal and economic pressures. For example, technologies enabling advanced combustion modes, increased expansion to effective compression ratio and reduced parasitics continue to be developed and integrated within conventional and hybrid propulsion strategies across the industry. A high-efficiency gasoline engine capable for use in conventional or hybrid electric vehicle platforms is highly desirable. This paper is the second of two papers describing the multi-cylinder integration of a technology package combining lean-stratified combustion with Miller cycle for downsized boosted applications. The first paper describes the design, analysis and single-cylinder testing conducted to down-select the combustion system deployed to the multi-cylinder engine. This paper defines a light-duty engine package capable of achieving a 35% fuel economy

Battiston, Paul, Wheeler, Jennifer, Solomon, Arun, Sczomak, David

Lean-Stratified Combustion System with Miller Cycle for Downsized Boosted Application - Part I

2021-01-045804/06/2021

Automotive manufacturers relentlessly explore engine technology combinations to achieve reduced fuel consumption under continued regulatory, societal and economic pressures. For example, technologies enabling advanced combustion modes, increased expansion to effective compression ratio, and reduced parasitics continue to be developed and integrated within conventional and hybrid propulsion strategies across the industry. A high-efficiency gasoline engine capable for use in conventional or hybrid electric vehicle platforms is highly desirable. This paper is the first to two papers describing the development of a combustion system combining lean-stratified combustion with Miller cycle for downsized boosted applications. The work was completed under a multi-year US DOE project. The goal was to define a light-duty engine package capable of achieving a 35% fuel economy improvement at US Tier 3 emission standards over a naturally aspirated stoichiometric baseline vehicle. A multi-mode

Solomon, Arun, Battiston, Paul, Sczomak, David

Items per page:

1 – 50 of 2943