Development of Low Viscosity Fuel Economy Engine Oil for Commercial Vehicles

Sustainability today has evolved from being just a niche engagement to an absolute necessity. The reduction of carbon emissions from aspects of human activity has become a critical enabler to mitigate the impact of climate change. The Transportation industry is a significant contributor to such emissions while at the same time a critical part of the global economy. As powertrains have undergone significant changes to reduce emissions through hardware changes, now an effective and efficient engine oil is amongst the most convenient and cost-effective ways of reducing a vehicle’s carbon emissions. Development of lubricants towards this must address many challenges of today’s world. Modern Commercial Vehicle engines operate at higher temperatures than before, promoting both oxidation and nitration of the lubricant. At the same time, higher levels of fuel economy require usage of lower viscosity engine oils, which must then be formulated in a manner that protects the engine and maintains hardware durability despite the presence of a thinner lubricant. As part of a significant collaborative programme between Tata Motors and Infineum, a new engine oil formulation SAE 5W-30 API FA-4 has been developed for use in the modern BS6 Phase 2 engines. Theoretical analysis depicting Minimum Oil Film Thickness (MOFT) using simulation software confirmed oil’s capability to provide adequate hardware protection. The formulation uses innovative additive and viscosity modifier technologies together, with base oil systems that enable higher levels of engine fuel economy without compromising durability. The new formulation has been tested extensively both on engine dynos and through field trials in India under varied conditions. Introduction of SAE 5W-30 API FA-4 engine oil across Tata Commercial Vehicle application is a step towards delivering a sustainable option beyond improved fuel economy, longer drain interval and enhanced engine wear protection, resulting in reduced carbon footprint of Tata commercial entire fleet.