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SAE TOMORROW TODAY - Scalable AV Deployment Starts with Fewer Close Calls1351305/01/2025
The hallmark of exceptional autonomous driving technology isn't just how it reacts in a crisis but how it avoids one altogether. That's the vision behind May Mobility: a world where self-driving cars confidently navigate busy intersections, unexpected detours, and pedestrian-filled crosswalks with the instincts of a seasoned human driver. At the core of May Mobility's technology platform is its patented Multi-Policy Decision Making (MPDM) system. This breakthrough technology uses real-time, in-situ AI to interpret data, continuously learning and adapting to new, complex, and unpredictable driving conditions. By learning on the fly--much like a human driver--May Mobility's AVs can be deployed faster and more cost-effectively than traditional systems. To explore how May Mobility is scaling its AV technology, we spoke with Ed Olson, CEO and Founder, about the company's city-wide AV deployments, strategic partnerships with Toyota and NTT, and its entrance into the rideshare market through
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
Study on Motorcycle Rider Model Using Reinforcement Learning - Learning Examples Including Following Target Velocity and Basic Research on Rider Proficiency2024-32-002804/18/2025
In this study, an initial approach using deep reinforcement learning to replicate the complex behaviors of motorcycle riders was presented. Three learning examples were demonstrated: following a target velocity, maintaining stability at low speeds, and following a target trajectory. These examples serve as a starting point for further research. Additionally, the proficiency of the constructed models was examined using rider proficiency evaluation methods developed in previous studies. Initial results indicated that the models have the potential to mimic real rider behaviors; however, challenges such as differences between the model’s output and what humans can produce were also identified for future work.
Mitsuhashi, Yasuhiro, Momiyama, Yoshitaka, Yabe, Noboru
Technical Paper
System Configuration and Validation of Hybrid-Based Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform for Vehicle Dynamic Testing2025-01-502103/27/2025
Scenario-based testing has become one of the important elements to evaluate the performance of automated vehicle systems before deploying on actual road. There are several approaches that can be used to conduct scenario-based testing via simulation approach. One of the important aspects in scenario-based safety testing is the driver-in-the-loop (DiL) simulation where it involves integration of hardware and human interaction. Therefore, motion platform-based vehicle driving simulators are commonly used for the DiL simulation for scenario-based testing. Generally, a high degree of freedom driving simulator is used for scenario-based testing such as 6 degrees of freedom (DoF) to achieve high accuracy to represent an actual vehicle response. Moreover, most of the motion platforms are designed using hexapod configuration, which also contributes to 6-DoF. However, this type of design requires large space to conduct the testing because the field of motion (FoM) is high in three axes and high
Kleolee, KahOnn, Aparow, Vimal Rau, Cheok, Jun Hong, de Boer, Niels, Jamaluddin, Hishamuddin
Technical Paper
SAE TOMORROW TODAY - AI-Powered Solution for Seamless EV Charging1350703/20/2025
It's no secret that the EV charging experience can be a frustrating one. But what if you could connect the various EV charging networks to apps and services, standardizing them into a single point of integration? One company is doing just that by harnessing data to create a seamless, secure, and reliable EV charging experience. Meet Emobi, the leader in critical digital infrastructure that delivers a single point of integration to a vast network of EV charging stations and e-mobility partners through advanced AI and data refinement models. As the largest roaming ecosystem in North America, the company also enables traditional and streamlined (JustPlug) Plug & Charge technology, facilitating automatic charging identification between EVs and chargers. The company is trusted by EV manufacturers, startups, utilities, and U.S. government agencies alike. To learn more, we sat down with Lin Sun Fa, CEO, Emobi, to discuss how his company's solutions are unifying the fragmented e-mobility
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
Analysis of Left-Turn Mixed Traffic Flow Dynamics at Y-Shaped Signalized Intersections Using Cellular Automata2025-01-720402/21/2025
Through the method of on-site video observation, this study divides the intersection area into three parts according to the road traffic characteristics of the Y-shaped signalized intersections, and at the same time obtains the relevant parameters. These parameters include the left-turn speed and traffic density of motor vehicles within both the internal and exit areas, the frequency of lane-changing and queuing behaviors of non-motorized vehicles in the internal area, and the left-turn speed and traffic density of non-motorized vehicles in both the internal and exit areas. The data extraction and analysis of the parameters provide strong data support for further analysis of the subsequent mixed traffic flow. A cellular automaton model is developed using the intersection’s exit area as the scenario. The exit area is divided into three lanes based on the queuing patterns of mixed traffic. Corresponding traffic rules are established according to the traffic density of motorized and non
Yuan, Li, Liu, Xiaowei
Technical Paper
Intelligent Courier Delivery Scheduling Based on XGBoost Feature Selection and Reinforcement Learning: A Case Study Using Chongqing Cainiao Express Data2025-01-717602/21/2025
This study tackles the issue of order delays in logistics using XGBoost for feature analysis and reinforcement learning for intelligent courier scheduling. Pickup order data from May 1 to October 31, 2023, in Chongqing is analyzed using spatio-temporal statistical methods. Key findings include that order placement peaks at 9:00 a.m., delays peak at 10:00 a.m., and the delay rate is 8.6%. A significant imbalance exists between the regional daily average of dispatchable couriers and order volumes.XGBoost is employed to predict order delays, revealing that pickup location is the most influential factor (27%), followed by courier pickup location (22%). These factors and their relationships are identified as key drivers of delays.To address these issues, a reinforcement learning-based courier scheduling optimization model is developed. The model defines courier location, current time, and pending orders as state variables and adopts an epsilon-greedy strategy for action selection
Wang, Manjun, Yu, Xinlian
Technical Paper
EDITORIAL: Farewell and thanks, Mr. Birch21AUTP06_0401/27/2025
“We pay close attention to the SAE magazines because your guy in Europe writes interesting articles,” a BMW engineering executive told me one year at the Frankfurt Motor Show. He was referring to Stuart Birch, our veteran European Editor, who has recently decided - after nearly 37 years of outstanding reporting for SAE International - to hang up his keyboard and spend more time with his wife, Kim, their family and friends in the British countryside, and his classic Porsche 911. Our staff had been dreading the day that Stuart would announce his retirement, foremost because he's been a great friend as well as a colleague. And because journalists with his qualities - professionalism, perspective, a powerful work ethic and great wit - are increasingly rare in the mobility-technology space. As SAE's global audience knew, Stuart Birch delivered compelling technical and business information. He covered product, processes and people with equal poise. And he thrived on the R&D beat: Virtual
Brooke, Lindsay
Magazine Article
Bosch consolidates computing talent in new mobility division21AUTP03_1101/27/2025
Bosch announced on January 7 during its CES 2021 conference event that it has created a new division labeled Cross-Domain Computing Solutions (CDCC). The CDCC division pools 17,000 of Bosch's automotive software and electronics associates to create a single source for software-intensive systems for future vehicle architectures. According to Bosch, the market for such systems is expected to grow 15% annually between now and 2030, and the organizational move is designed to extend the supplier's market-leading position. Bosch has assigned software, electrical and electronics engineers from the areas of driver assistance, automated driving, car multimedia, powertrain and body electronics to the new unit. “Bosch is an automotive electronics pioneer. Moreover, for quite some time now, it has also been a software company,” said Dr. Stefan Hartung, chairman of Bosch's Mobility Solutions business sector. “Only a company with wide-ranging electronics and software expertise will be in a position
Seredynski, Paul
Magazine Article
SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Launching Human Space Travel with a Luxury Balloon1349801/23/2025
Imagine a six-hour journey to outer space that includes a world-class meal, cocktail service, Wi-Fi, and unprecedented views of Earth. This experience could soon become reality. Space Perspective, the world's first carbon-neutral spaceflight experience company, is commercializing space travel with Spaceship Neptune, a pressurized capsule propelled by a giant SpaceBalloon(TM). The experience is designed to be gentle and accessible with no rockets, weightlessness, heavy g-forces, or training required. Alongside world-class meal and cocktail service, space travelers will also enjoy views through the largest windows ever flown to space, Wi-Fi, and a proper restroom. To learn more, we sat down with Taber MacCallum, Founder and Chief Technology Officer, Space Perspective, to discuss the technical development of the SpaceBalloon(TM) and how the company is unlocking the market for space travel in a new and innovative way. We'd love to hear from you. Share your comments, questions and ideas for
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
3D-Woven Thermal Protection SystemTBMG-5218812/01/2024
Over the past decade, NASA’s Space Technology Mission Directorate and its team of development partners have developed several unique thermal protection system (TPS) technologies designed to protect spacecraft from the extreme heat conditions and entry environments that space missions face. Working closely with the NASA Ames Research Center, Bally Ribbon Mills (BRM), along with several other partners, have developed a new generation of unique strong and robust materials produced using three-dimensional (3D) weaving.
Magazine Article
New Battery Cathode Material Could Revolutionize EV Market and Energy StorageTBMG-5214212/01/2024
A multi-institutional research team led by Hailong Chen, an Associate Professor with appointments in the George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and the School of Materials Science and Engineering, has developed a new, low-cost cathode that could radically improve lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) — potentially transforming the electric vehicle (EV) market and large-scale energy storage systems.
Magazine Article
Vehicle-Level Control Systems Framework for Use in Create-GV Vehicle Dynamics Simulations2024-01-410709/16/2024
Abstract This paper presents a software framework developed for the simulation of vehicle-level control systems for modern (existing or conceptual) ground vehicles, targeted for high-performance platforms (Linux clusters). The framework augmented existing ground vehicle simulation environments (such as CREATE-GV MERCURY or other object-oriented software packages) making it possible to perform a comprehensive evaluation of a ground vehicle’s performance when equipped with vehicle level controllers to determine the effectiveness of the control systems on the vehicle. The framework, implemented as part of the PACE (Powertrain Analysis Computational Environment), was comprised of software components (a C++ objects library) simulating various vehicle-level controllers, an Application Programming Interface for the development of new components to be used within the framework, and C++ code for integrating these components into simulations of control systems within a ground vehicle simulation
Jelinek, Bohumir, Henley, Greg, Card, Angela, Hannis, Tyler, Gibson, Michael, Priddy, Jody, Boyle, Sara, Figueroa-Santos, Miriam, Mange, Jeremy
Technical Paper
Casting Equipment Engineering GuideB-ASM-05603/01/2024
Casting Equipment Engineering Guide is an essential resource covering engineering details of casting equipment, their design features, applications, capabilities, and selection guidelines. This book is written for mechanical engineers, practicing engineers, engineering students, and metallurgists specializing in casting technology.
Book
Generation of tire digital twin for virtual MBD simulation of vehicles for durability, NVH and handling evaluation2024-26-030101/16/2024
With the recent development in virtual modelling and vehicle simulation technology, many OEM's worldwide are using digital road profiles in virtual environment for vehicle durability load prediction and virtual design evaluation. For precise simulation results, it is important to have the tire digital twin which is the realistic representation of tire in the virtual environment. The study comprises of discussion about different types of tire models such as empirical, solid model, rigid ring model and flexural ring models such as Pacejka, MF Swift, CD tire, F tire etc. and also the complexity involved in development of these tire models. Generation of virtual tire model requires highly sophisticated test rigs as well as vehicle level testing with Wheel Force transducers and other vehicle dynamics sensors. The large number of data points generated with testing are converted in standard TYDEX format to be further processed in various software tool for virtual model generation. Thus, a
Bakal, Nikhil
Technical Paper
Controlled Production Quantity Release Applicability Determination Method2024-26-035501/16/2024
During product development or design change, the aim is to fully validate all potential issues. On programs with significant complexity, it is difficult or impossible to fully retire all combinations of risk factors even with comprehensive analysis and testing approaches. These complex projects have the highest risk to launching with hidden defects can result in high warranty costs and erosion of customer satisfaction. This paper discusses a conservative approach called Controlled Production Quantity Release (CPQR) to manage the risks of these complex releases or changes by presenting a decision framework executed by a cross-functional team to identify those complex releases that deserve the methodical and monitored approach necessary to manage risk. The purpose of this method is to gain early concurrence with the program team with documented decision criteria rather than relying on individual opinions. This paper focus on structured approach of determining the applicability criterion
Mohammed, Zubair, Freeland, James, Soma, Nagaraju, Quadri, Danishuddin S.F.
Technical Paper
A Novel approach to define and validate market representative routes for IUPRm development in India.2024-26-036101/16/2024
To promote real time monitoring, IUPRm checks has been enforced in India from Apr’23 as a part of BS6-2 regulation. Since IUPRm monitoring is representative of diagnostic frequency in real driving conditions and usage pattern therefore, for achieving IUPRm targets, understanding of real-world driving patterns is needed. This paper shares methodology and Validation steps for defining IUPR routes for Indian market. Methodology objective is to standardize the market operating conditions over a particular region. Selected Methodology consist of three steps: First step is to have a pre-market survey to know current IUPR status and improvement areas in existing market vehicles (BS6-1). Second step is to define market representative localized on road routes based on the finding of Pre-market survey. Third step is to validate defined IUPR routes and correlate the output in reference to coverage of market operating conditions. Routes definition starts with organizing customer survey to capture
Sharma, Prashant, Singh, Dilbagh, kumar, Amit, Gautam, Amit, Khanna, Vikram
Technical Paper
SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Avant-Garde EV Company to Build in the US1340106/22/2023
While you may not have heard of Polestar, its exceptional performance, unique buying experience, and commitment to sustainability enables this novel brand to "intercept" its customers. Headquartered in Sweden and built with Scandinavian minimalism in mind, Polestar offers a friction-free, primarily digital EV buying experience which includes boutique showrooms in areas with high foot traffic--a contrast to the traditional car lot. The company recently unveiled its first electric performance SUV, the Polestar 3, which is produced in United States. With a focus on supply chain traceability and sustainability labelling, Polestar assesses their vehicles' lifetime carbon footprint, covering emissions from materials production, manufacturing, and logistics, use phase, and end of life. As part of their commitment to an electrified future, Polestar also recently partnered with the SAE Foundation to spark STEM curiosity amongst students. To learn more about this burgeoning brand, we sat down
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
Model Based NVH Simulator for Virtual Development2025-01-005905/05/2023
For mature virtual development, enlarging coverage of performances and driving conditions comparable with physical prototype is important. The subjective evaluation on various driving conditions to find abnormal or nonlinear phenomenon as well as objective evaluation becomes indispensable even in virtual development stage. From the previous research, the road noise had been successfully predicted and replayed from the synthesis of system models. In this study, model based NVH simulator dedicated to virtual development have been implemented. At first, in addition to road noise, motor noise was predicted from experimental models such as blocked force and transfer function of motor, mount and body according to various vehicle conditions such as speed and torque. Next, to convert driver’s inputs such as acceleration and brake pedal, mode selection button and steering wheel to vehicle condition, 1-D performance model was generated and calibrated. Finally, the audio and visual feedback
Park, Sangyoung, Dirickx, Tom, Kang, Yeon June, Nam, Jeong Min
Technical Paper
Simulation of in-vehicle tire noise performance from single-tire test stand2025-01-006105/05/2023
A test and signal processing strategy was developed to allow a tire manufacturer to predict vehicle-level interior response based on component-level testing of a single tire. The approach leveraged time-domain Source-Path-Contribution (SPC) techniques to build an experimental model of an existing single tire tested on a dynamometer and substitute into a simulator vehicle to predict vehicle-level performance. The component-level single tire was characterized by its acoustic source strength and structural forces estimated by means of virtual point transformation and a matrix inversion approach. These source strengths and forces were then inserted into a simulator vehicle model to predict the acoustic signature, in time-domain, at the passenger’s ears. This approach was validated by comparing the vehicle-level prediction to vehicle-level measured response. The experimental model building procedure can then be adopted as a standard procedure to aid in vehicle development programs.
Nashio, Hiroshi, Kajiwara, Kohei, Rinaldi, Giovanni, Sakamoto, Yumiko
Technical Paper
Application of Hybrid SEA in Vehicle NV Package Optimization2025-01-005005/05/2023
As India’s economy expands and road infrastructure improves, the number of car owners are expected to grow substantially in the coming years. This market potential has intensified competition among original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to position their products with a focus on cost efficiency while delivering a premium user experience. Noise and Vibration (NV) performance is a critical differentiator in conveying a vehicle's premiumness, and as such, NV engineers must strategically balance the achievement of optimal acoustic performance with constraints on cost, mass, and development timelines. Traditionally, NV package optimization occurs at the prototype or advanced prototype stage, relying heavily on physical testing, which increases both cost and time to market. Furthermore, late-stage design changes amplify these challenges. To address these issues, this paper proposes the integration of Hybrid Statistical Energy Analysis (HSEA) into the early stages of vehicle development
Rai, Nitesh, Mehta, Makrand, Ravindran, Mugundaram
Technical Paper
Leveraging user feedback to optimize the tuning of EVSE models2025-01-002005/05/2023
The implementation of active sound design models in vehicles requires precise tuning of synthetic sounds to harmonize with existing interior noise, driving conditions, and driver preferences. This tuning process is often time-consuming and intricate, especially facing various driving styles and preferences of target customers. Incorporating user feedback into the tuning process of Electric Vehicle Sound Enhancement (EVSE) offers a solution. A user-focused empirical test drive approach can be assessed, providing a comprehensive understanding of the EVSE characteristics and highlighting areas for improvement. Although effective, the process includes many manual tasks, such as transcribing driver comments, classifying feedback, and identifying clusters. By integrating driving simulator technology to the test drive assessment method and employing machine learning algorithms for evaluation, the EVSE workflow can be more seamlessly integrated. But do the simulated test drive results
Hank, Stefan, Kamp, Fabian, Gomes Lobato, Thiago Henrique
Technical Paper
Comprehensive EV Sound Design project from Marketing Requirements to Series2025-01-001805/05/2023
This paper presents the results of a project to design new comprehensive sound sets for several electric vehicle models having each specific branding expectations. This was achieved thanks to a close collaboration between one major Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer and an acoustic software provider, relying on shared experience, knowledge, and tools to meet the initial requirements set. Firstly, a scenarized journey and brand-related symbolism were defined and served as a basis for creating meaningful sketches of sound design in a cross-team effort (designers, NVH, production, audio system, etc.). Various sound functions were considered for exterior sounds, such as AVAS, and interior sounds, such as ambiance, HMI, and alarms. A special care was dedicated to the so-called Active Sound Design aiming at providing speed and acceleration feedback to the driver, in the absence of a clearly audible engine noise. A listening test was then conducted in order to assess how the proposed
LI, Yanhao, Minard, Antoine, Boussard, Patrick, Zhang, Charles
Technical Paper
Global Vehicle Vibration Enhancement Using Circular Force Technology2025-01-001505/05/2023
In addition to safety advantages, sound and vibration are being utilized to enhance the driver experience in Electric Vehicles (EVs). Significant interest and investment continue to grow in utilizing interior and exterior sound for pedestrian safety and driver awareness of vehicle state, as well as enabling a unique personal EV audio experience for brand recognition both inside and external to the vehicle. Several automakers are also using audio to simulate virtual gear shifting and as well as manual transmissions in EVs. According to several automotive industry articles and market research, the audio enhancements alone, without the vibration that drivers are accustomed to in combustion engine vehicles, are not sufficient to meet the engagement, excitement, and emotion that driving enthusiasts expect. In this paper, we introduce the use of new automotive high-force compact light-weight circular force generators for globally shaking vehicles. The technology was developed originally for
Norris, Mark A., Orzechowski, JEFFREY, Sanderson, Brad, Swanson, Douglas, vantimmeren, Andrew
Technical Paper
Evaluation of Automotive Closure Design for High Frequency Acoustics Performance2025-01-004905/05/2023
A good NVH environment in a vehicle plays an important role in attracting a large customer base in the automotive market. Hence, NVH has been given significant priority while considering automotive design. NVH performance is monitored using simulations early during the design phase and testing in later prototype stages in the automotive industry. Meeting NVH performance targets possesses a greater risk related to design modifications in addition to the cost and time associated with the development process. Hence, a more enhanced and matured design process involves Design Point Analysis (DPA), which is essentially a decision-making process in which analytical tools derived from basic sciences, mathematics, statistics, and engineering fundamentals are used to develop a product model that better fulfills the predefined requirement. This paper shows the systematic approach of conducting a Design Point Analysis-level NVH study to evaluate the acoustic performance of vehicle door systems in
Ranade, Amod A., Shirode, Satish, Miskin, Atul, Mahamuni, Ketan, Shinde, Rahul, GHAN, PRAVIN, Choudhury, Ashok
Technical Paper
Leveraging Vision Language Models for Automated NVH Analysis2025-01-012705/05/2023
Optimizing Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH) is crucial in the automotive industry. Traditional analysis methods, including time series analytics and frequency spectrum analysis, as well as advanced techniques like time-frequency spectrogram analysis, are often time-consuming and rely heavily on expert interpretation. This research explores the potential of Vision Language Models (VLMs) specifically LLaMA 3.2 Vision, GPT-4o, and Microsoft Phi-3 vision for automating noise spectrogram analysis. By employing techniques such as few-shot learning and fine-tuning these models on a curated dataset of spectrograms paired with expert interpretations, we aim to facilitate rapid and accurate NVH assessments and report generation. The proposed approach includes assembling a dataset derived from vibration sensors and expert analyses to inform model training. Furthermore, we will evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the trained models to ensure robust performance. The techniques discussed
CHANDRASEKARAN, BALAJI, Cury, Rudoniel
Technical Paper
Development and Evaluation of Comfort Assessment Approaches for Passengers in Autonomous Vehicles2023-01-078804/11/2023
Passenger comfort is a critical factor in user acceptance of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Despite existing methods for passenger comfort assessment, new approaches to assessing passenger comfort in AVs may be valuable to the automotive industry. In this paper, continuous pressing-based and discrete smartphone-based approaches for comfort assessment were designed and implemented in a user study. Participants used the two approaches to evaluate their comfort levels in an experimental study based on a high-fidelity autonomous driving simulator. Performances of the two approaches in assessing comfort levels were analyzed and compared. In general, the discrete approach showed better measurement repeatability and lower measurement bias than the continuous approach. The performance gap of the continuous approach could be reduced with proper post-processing measures. Discussions on the potential uses of the approaches were also raised.
Su, Haotian, Brooks, Johnell, Jia, Yunyi
Technical Paper
This is a course with a really long, verbose title with special characters; testing the ingestion process and display on the website. The limit in Docebo is 255 characters, although I don't believe we have one longer than 200 characters in real life. Wow!ZWB1319.LA02/10/2023
Description Text goes here. Do we have a really long overview/description? non-breaking-space-start-here end-here each word separated by non-breaking space non-breaking space at each end and normal space between each word 'Single ascii quote' ‘Single MSWord quote’ "Double ascii quote" “Double MS Word Quote” regular dash - endash – emdash — Three Umlaut Characters ä, ö, ü MS Word’s Apostrophe string of special things GreaterThan > LessThan < StuffInBraces (xxxxx) BackSlashN \n BackSlashR \r ParagraphSymbol ¶ Misc8CharactersFromDotToBeta ·¸¹º»¼Ýβ Chinese 机械 Misc Characters ßà®–½— X¹‘ "<sup>1</sup> h's & Japanese お世話 Russian машин Korean 기계 ElasticSearch Special Characters that need escaped + - && || ! ( ) { } ~ * ? : \ non-breaking-space-start-here end-here each word separated by non-breaking space non-breaking space at each end and normal space between each word 'Single ascii quote' ‘Single MSWord quote’ "Double ascii quote" “Double MS Word Quote” regular dash - endash – emdash — Three
eLearning
SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Michigan: The New Epicenter of Aerospace1338002/09/2023
As the birthplace of the automotive industry and the home of several aviation firsts, Michigan offers unique advantages to the rapidly expanding space economy. To make the most of this opportunity, the Michigan Aerospace Manufacturers Association (MAMA) has convened three public-private partnerships: the Michigan Launch Initiative, Space-Enabled Communications for Advanced Mobility, and the Mid-America Hypersonic Suborbital Test Range. These programs provide a collaborative platform for public-private partners to support satellite launch capabilities, test commercial and national security applications, and expand 5G connectivity, among other opportunities. We sat down with Gavin P. Brown, Executive Director, MAMA, to discuss these exciting initiatives and learn how the organization is positioning Michigan as a leader in all phases of aerospace manufacturing -- from tool and die all the way through final assembly --by leaning on the state's rich automotive and aviation history.
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Sustainable Rubber Hits the Road1337902/03/2023
When the rubber hits the road, one tire company stands out among the rest. From raw material traceability to supply chain transparency, Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company is not only helping to do what's good for business, but what's good for the planet, too. Driven by an ambitious sustainability strategy, Goodyear has set goals to develop a tire made of 100% sustainable materials by 2030 and using only renewable energy in its manufacturing facilities and operations by 2040. The company is even working to develop a domestic source of natural rubber from a specific species of dandelion in collaboration with the Department of Defense, the Air Force Research Lab, BioMADE and Farmed Materials. To learn more about Goodyear's impressive sustainability journey, we sat down with Ellis Jones, Vice President and Chief Sustainability Officer. He discusses the company's uniquely strong culture, the importance of working collaboratively with small farms, and the development of new sustainable tire
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
SAE TOMORROW TODAY: What Role Do Electric Utilities Have in the EV Space?1336811/17/2022
As demand for EVs grows, so too does the role of electric utilities. From powering the grid to ensuring the reliability of EV charging stations, the electric utility industry plays a pivotal role in accelerating EV adoption. For more than a century, Duquesne Light Company (DLC) has delivered electricity to more than 600,000 customers in the Pittsburgh region. Currently, there are more than 6,000 EVs in DLC's service territory -- and they expect that number to grow to more than 23,000 by the end of 2025. With this projected growth, DLC is not only providing reliable power, but EV information analysis and incentives like a Community Charging Program and Electric Fleet Advisory Service Program. We sat down with Sarah Olexsak, Senior Manager, Transportation Electrification, to discuss the role of electric utilities and how DLC is supporting EV adoption in Western Pennsylvania.
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
Achieving Desired Level of Wettability for Unlikely MaterialsTBMG-4691111/01/2022
null, null
Magazine Article
Achieving Desired Level of Wettability for Unlikely MaterialsTBMG-46911-TEST-REC11/01/2022
null, null
Magazine Article
Inside the OEM: StrykerTBMG-4693811/01/2022
Magazine Article
The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure: New Opportunities in Learning, Certification and Human Development in the EV Charging IndustryWP-001409/30/2022
Menchaca, Frank
White Paper
A Novel Approach for the Frequency Shift of a Single Component Eigenmode through Mass Addition in the Context of Brake Squeal Reduction15-16-01-000409/23/2022
Abstract Brake squeal reduces comfort for the vehicle occupants, damages the reputation of the respective manufacturer, and can lead to financial losses due to cost-intensive repair measures. Mode coupling is mainly held responsible for brake squeal today. Two adjacent eigenfrequencies converge and coalesce due to a changing bifurcation parameter. Several approaches have been developed to suppress brake squeal through structural changes. The main objective is to increase the distance of coupling eigenfrequencies. This work proposes a novel approach to structural modifications and sizing optimization aiming for a start at shifting a single component eigenfrequency. Locations suitable for structural changes are derived such that surrounding modes do not significantly change under the modifications. The positions of modifications are determined through a novel sensitivity calculation of the eigenmode to be shifted in frequency. In the present work, the structural changes are carried out
Deutzer, Marcel, Stender, Merten, Tüpker, Nicolas, Hoffmann, Norbert
Journal Article
682 Guidance for Air Transport Service Bulletins (TEST POPST CT and APPSEARCH)ARINC682 (Current)09/21/2022
This document provides industry guidance to supplement ATA standards and airframe requirements, addressing gaps and vague areas to move suppliers/vendors and airframers toward a common standard for format and wording in Vendor Service Bulletins (VSB) for Air Transport components. This document supplements the VSB guidance of iSpec 2200, providing clarity of requirements and resulting in a common standard wording and format of VSBs from all suppliers on all aircraft types. The guidance in this document is intended to be applied to VSBs created and released subsequent to the release of the guidance document and will not require the retroactive update of VSBs released prior to the creation and release of the guidance.
Information Report
Enhancing Meta Model of the Brake Pad Friction Coefficient using the Explainable Machine Learning2022-01-117509/19/2022
As increasing system complexity and various customer demands result in the need for highly efficient vehicle development processes. Once the brake torque is predicted accurately during the driving scenario in the earlier stage, it will be able to prevent the changing the vehicle or brake system design to satisfy the legal regulation and customer requirement. As brake torque performance target allocate brake pad friction coefficient level and characteristic, the accurate friction coefficient prediction should be preceded for accurate prediction for brake torque. Generally, the friction coefficient of the brake pad is known to vary nonlinearly depending on the physical properties of the disc and the pad, as well as the rotational speed of the brake disc, the disc temperature, and the hydraulic pressure. Furthermore, it varies depending on the driving scenario even the same condition. Therefore, there was a need for a new method : machine learning to solve this problem. A Mixed Effect
Cho, Sunghyun, Bang, Sunghoon, Jang, Jiwoo, Kim, Youngjae
Technical Paper
testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testSAE-PP-0668309/01/2022
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venkat, Aditya, SintzADMIn, Jeneane
Pre-Print Article
Virginia Tech College of EngineeringTBMG-4651109/01/2022
Founded in 1872, Virginia Tech is a public land-grant research university with its main campus in Blacksburg, VA. From artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and manufacturing to health sciences, robotics, and more, the Virginia Tech College of Engineering offers an advanced engineering curriculum.
Magazine Article
Thin, Stretchable Biosensors Could Make Surgery SaferTBMG-4649309/01/2022
A research team developed bio-inks for biosensors that could help localize critical regions in tissues and organs during surgical operations. The ink is biocompatible and provides a user-friendly design with workable time frames of more than one day. Simultaneous recording and imaging could be useful during heart surgery in localizing critical regions and guiding surgical interventions such as a procedure for restoring normal heart rhythms.
Magazine Article
SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Reinventing the Wheel with Carbon Fiber1323808/05/2022
The team at Carbon Revolution is going against some age-old advice -they're reinventing the wheel. And they're seeing results. Back in 2004, Dr. Ashley Denmead, Chief Technology Officer and Founder of Carbon Revolution, was part of the Formula SAE team at Deakin University in Australia. After building a too-heavy car the year prior, Ashley and his engineering team looked to save weight in the wheels. Their idea? Build them out of carbon fiber. Thus, the journey of Carbon Revolution began. Today, the company designs and manufactures some of the world's most technically advanced and highest performing wheels on the planet, and one of the most advanced lightweight technologies on any car. There are more than 50,000 Carbon Revolution wheels on the road today, including on vehicles such as the Ford GT and the Ferrari F8 Spider. From four guys in a garage to 550 people in a 10,000 square-foot facility with Ford, Ferrari and General Motors among its customers, Carbon Revolution proves
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
Applying Forensic Cost Analysis Methods to Medical DevicesTBMG-4656008/01/2022
Forensic cost analysis methods have already gained traction in the automotive industry, which has long recognized the value of determining an accurate cost of components and assemblies based on realistic labor and materials costs, as well as the physics of manufacturing processes. What you might not know is that the lessons learned from automotive costing easily transfer to medical products, devices, and equipment.
Magazine Article
SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Using AI to Scale Autonomous Vehicles1322906/03/2022
A driving school for self-driving vehicles? It's here and proving to be a game-changer. Waabi World is the most scalable, highest fidelity, closed-loop simulator for autonomous vehicles. Powered by AI, it's an immersive and reactive environment that can design tests, assess skills, and teach the self-driving "brain" to learn to drive on its own. This technology significantly reduces the need to test drive in the real world resulting in a safer, more affordable solution. When AI trailblazer & CEO Raquel Urtasun founded Waabi, she set out to scale one of the most important technologies of our generation. By taking an AI-first approach, Raquel and her team are unlocking the potential of self-driving technology and accelerating the commercial deployment of autonomous vehicles. And their work is changing the world for the better.
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
An Artificial Intelligence System to Identify Objects in Cluttered ScenesTBMG-4595606/01/2022
Robotic vision has come a long way, reaching a level of sophistication with applications in complex and demanding tasks, such as autonomous driving and object manipulation. However, it still struggles to identify individual objects in cluttered scenes where some objects are partially or completely hidden behind others. Typically, when dealing with such scenes, robotic vision systems are trained to identify the occluded object based only on its visible parts. But such training requires large datasets of objects and can be tedious.
Magazine Article
Toward a Machine Learning Development Lifecycle for Product Certification and Approval in Aviation01-15-02-000905/26/2022
This article presents a new machine learning (ML) development lifecycle which will constitute the core of the new aeronautical standard on ML called AS6983, jointly being developed by working group WG-114/G34 of European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment (EUROCAE) and SAE. The article also presents a survey of several existing standards and guidelines related to ML in aeronautics, automotive, and industrial domains by comparing and contrasting their scope, purpose, and results. Standards and guidelines reviewed include the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) Concept Paper, the DEEL (pendable andxplainableearning) white paper “Machine Learning in Certified Systems”, Aerospace Vehicle System Institute (AVSI) Authorization for Expenditure (AFE) 87 report on Machine Learning, Guidance on the Assurance of Machine Learning for use in Autonomous Systems (AMLAS), Laboratoire National de Metrologie et d’Essais (LNE) Certification Standard of Processes for AI, the Underwriters
Kaakai, Fateh, Dmitriev, Konstantin, Adibhatla, Sridhar (“Shreeder”), Baskaya, Elgiz, Bezzecchi, Emanuele, Bharadwaj, Ramesh, Brown, Barclay, Gentile, Giacomo, Gingins, Corinne, Grihon, Stephane, Travers, Christophe
Journal Article
Wireless Smart Contact Lenses Detect DiseaseTBMG-4554204/01/2022
Having diabetes means a lifelong obligation of insulin shots and monitoring of blood glucose levels. But a team of researchers has developed a way to control the secretion of insulin just by wearing contact lenses.
Magazine Article
A driving simulator for UNECE 157 homologation activities2022-01-010803/29/2022
UNECE 157 Regulation is devoted to the homologation of SAE Level 3 automated vehicles. The research and development activities related with the Regulation may require an extensive usage of driving simulators. Developing a sickness-free driving simulator is crucial for extensive tests to be performed with ordinary drivers. The paper presents the technical features of the new driving simulator of the Politecnico di Milano. A number of biometric set of signals is recorded, namely, forces and moments at each single hand at the steering wheel, heart rate variability, skin resistance potential, eye tracking. A matching of the objective monitoring of the driver is compared with the subjective psychological status. An initial population of 30 subjects has been investigated. The new driving simulator has shown a good acceptance by ordinary drivers. Both objective and psychologic subjective assessment agree to state that the new driving simulator may be used to test ordinary driver behavior in a
Gobbi, Massimiliano, Mastinu, Giampiero, Melzi, Stefano, Previati, Giorgio, Sabbioni, Edoardo, Ronconi, Luca
Technical Paper
Development of an Integrated Co-Simulation Environment to Model and Test Advanced DAT Features Utilizing MIL and HIL2022-01-010303/29/2022
The widespread deployment of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) in the future will bring major changes in the automotive industry and the vehicle features it will offer. Currently, technology and infrastructure are not ready to test and develop CAV features fully in real traffic. Simulators are becoming popular to develop CAVs and assisted automated driving features for all levels of automation to overcome the infrastructural needs of the automotive industry. Simulators allow researchers to design CAV algorithms safely, quickly, and efficiently, and test these algorithms for various metrics. A co-simulation environment, where a vehicle simulator like CarSim and a traffic simulator like Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) feed into each other, is an invaluable tool, allowing CAV features to be tested in a realistic traffic environment. This paper presents a co-simulation environment, where the vehicle simulator CarSim and the traffic simulator SUMO share data. The paper follows the
Kavas-Torris, Ozgenur, cai, Xiaolin, Joshi, Adit, Mittal, Archak, Djavadian, Shadi, Fishelson, James
Technical Paper
A study of driving performance prediction using integrated objective and subjective index for concept design stage2022-01-110403/29/2022
Over the recent years with a strong focus on optimizing its early performance prediction capabilities, vehicle manufacturers around the world are reviewing their virtual development processes with the intent to address the vehicle attributes that are most important to its customers during the early stages of development. However, reliable performance prediction through simulation in the concept development phase for new technologies and new entries in different vehicle segments is a very challenging task. Furthermore, the strong need for increased vehicle energy efficiency requires a precise balancing with the driving performance. Therefore, in order to respond quickly to a rapidly changing market and customer preferences, the development of a robust process to reliably evaluate vehicle concepts is absolutely mandatory. This paper is focused on the prediction of vehicle driving attributes (more specifically handling, and lap time) through the application of various objective and
Jeong, Pilyoung, Lee, Jaekil, OSWALD, MARIO, Ecker, Joachim, KELLNER, STEFAN, Kogler, Manfred
Technical Paper
Virtual EET for Combat Robotic Vehicles: Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses in Autonomous Vehicle Simulation2022-01-043203/29/2022
Spurred on by the constraints of the COVID-19 pandemic, virtual testing is becoming an increasingly essential method for validation and verification of autonomous ground vehicle simulation tools. The Mobility Systems Branch (MSB) of the US Army Corps of Engineers Engineering Research and Development Center (ERDC) Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory (GSL) has developed a new approach in physics-based virtual testing of autonomous ground vehicle systems through the incorporation of both qualitative and quantitative data in congruency with MSB's Simulation-in-the-Loop laboratory. Virtual testing of autonomous vehicles combines simulation tools consisting of vehicle and sensor models represented in a virtual scene, performer observations, and modeling and simulation observations. The first iteration of a Virtual Engineering Evaluation Test (V-EET) for Simulation Tools for Combat Robotic Vehicles took place in 2021 at the ERDC GSL in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Virtual testing took place
Lyons, Jessica W., Jackson, Rebekah, Richards, James, Gates, Burhman, Fairley, Josh, Price, Stephanie
Technical Paper
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