Browse Topic: Marine vehicles and equipment

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JAX9900JAX9900_202512 (Current)12/04/2025
JAX9900
Active Safety Systems Standards Committee
Verifying large alternate product code for an Surface Vehicle RP document - JRP001JA/NEW/RP000000000000000000000001_202511 (Current)11/24/2025
Verifying large alternate product code for an Surface Vehicle RP document - JRP001
Active Safety Systems Standards Committee
Verifying large alternate product code for an JA GV document - JA1124XXJA1224XX/NEW/00000000000000000001_202511 (Current)11/24/2025
Verifying large alternate product code for an JA GV document - JA1124XX
Active Safety Systems Standards Committee
Shoreline Sound Level Measurement Procedure for Recreational MotorboatsJ1970_202511 (Current)11/21/2025
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes the procedure for measuring the sound level of recreational motorboats in the vicinity of a shore bordering any recreational boating area during which time a boat is operating under conditions other than stationary mode operation. It is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances.
Marine Technical Steering Committee
System Configuration and Validation of Hybrid-Based Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform for Vehicle Dynamic Testing2025-01-502103/27/2025
Scenario-based testing has become one of the important elements to evaluate the performance of automated vehicle systems before deploying on actual road. There are several approaches that can be used to conduct scenario-based testing via simulation approach. One of the important aspects in scenario-based safety testing is the driver-in-the-loop (DiL) simulation where it involves integration of hardware and human interaction. Therefore, motion platform-based vehicle driving simulators are commonly used for the DiL simulation for scenario-based testing. Generally, a high degree of freedom driving simulator is used for scenario-based testing such as 6 degrees of freedom (DoF) to achieve high accuracy to represent an actual vehicle response. Moreover, most of the motion platforms are designed using hexapod configuration, which also contributes to 6-DoF. However, this type of design requires large space to conduct the testing because the field of motion (FoM) is high in three axes and high
Kleolee, KahOnn, Aparow, Vimal Rau, Cheok, Jun Hong, de Boer, Niels, Jamaluddin, Hishamuddin
EDITORIAL: Farewell and thanks, Mr. Birch21AUTP06_0401/27/2025
“We pay close attention to the SAE magazines because your guy in Europe writes interesting articles,” a BMW engineering executive told me one year at the Frankfurt Motor Show. He was referring to Stuart Birch, our veteran European Editor, who has recently decided - after nearly 37 years of outstanding reporting for SAE International - to hang up his keyboard and spend more time with his wife, Kim, their family and friends in the British countryside, and his classic Porsche 911. Our staff had been dreading the day that Stuart would announce his retirement, foremost because he's been a great friend as well as a colleague. And because journalists with his qualities - professionalism, perspective, a powerful work ethic and great wit - are increasingly rare in the mobility-technology space. As SAE's global audience knew, Stuart Birch delivered compelling technical and business information. He covered product, processes and people with equal poise. And he thrived on the R&D beat: Virtual
Brooke, Lindsay
NASA’s Inspection Technology for Spacecraft Tests Quality of Seacraft HullsTBMG-5222312/05/2024
Shipbuilders didn’t have the option of fiberglass when the nonprofit American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) was established 160 years ago to help safeguard life and property on the seas. Fortunately, technology to help better ensure the safety of ocean vessels has also come a long way in that time, in part because people have become a spacefaring species.
SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Solar Powered Boating on the Great Lakes1346707/23/2024
With 20 percent of the world's fresh water, Michigan plays a large role in the future of maritime mobility. Recreational boating, commercial shipping, ports, and harbors serve a crucial role in the economic vitality of Michigan's coastal communities and the Great Lakes. That's why the Michigan Economic Development Corporation recently launched the Fresh Coast Maritime Challenge to help decarbonize the state's waterways. As part of this grant, Lilypad Labs, a startup based in Holland, Mich., launched the Lilypad, a sharable, 100 percent solar powered boat that provides a quiet, sustainable, and pollution-free boating experience. To learn more about the importance of sustainable recreational and commercial boating, we sat down with Justine Johnson, Michigan's Chief Mobility Officer, Michigan Economic Development Corporation, and Dana Lowell, CEO, Lilypad Labs, to discuss how the public and private sectors are working together to decarbonize the Great Lakes waterways. If you'd like to get
Hineman, Marcie
SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Has Amelia Earhart's Aircraft Been Found?1346106/21/2024
Sonar data from a deep sea drone recently shed light on one of aviation's most enduring mysteries: the disappearance of Amelia Earhart. By pursuing the missing aircraft using the "Date Line theory," Deep Sea Vision, a South Carolina-based marine robotics firm, searched across 5,200 square miles of the Pacific Ocean floor, more than all previous searches combined. Equipped with a modified version of the company's flagship HUGIN 6000 commercial autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), the DSV team discovered an image which mirrors the unique dual tails and scale of Earhart's aircraft. To learn more about this intriguing technology and what's next when it comes to verifying this discovery, we sat down with Tony Romeo, CEO, Deep Sea Vision. Listen in as he shares his unique background, the power of his company's AUV technology, and what's next for the future of underwater exploration.
Hineman, Marcie
Research on Clustered Multi-channel Active Noise Control System in Car2025-01-001605/05/2023
In order to solve the problem of intermittent engine intervention during charging and discharging of diesel-electric hybrid vehicles, this paper proposes a semi-coupled cluster control strategy with better comprehensive performance based on the traditional multi-channel Active Noise Control (ANC) system and the advantages of centralized control strategy and decentralized control strategy. Compared with the centralized control strategy, the computational cost of the cluster control strategy is reduced by about 50%, and the noise attenuation performance is comparable to that of the centralized control strategy. Compared with the decentralized control strategy, the stability is obviously better, and the noise reduction effect is outstanding. Based on the MATLAB simulation platform, a variety of cluster control strategies and traditional control strategies in the vehicle are compared and analyzed, and the road test experiments of a range-extended electric vehicle are carried out under its
deng, huiping, Lu, Chihua, Liu, Zhien, Ji, Huijun, Dou, Sirui, Sun, Menglei
Characterizing shock waves induced by phase change of superheated liquid jets 2022-01-059403/29/2022
The under-expanded nature of flash-boiling spray was considered an important cause of spray collapse via some numerical investigation. However, due to the high optical thickness, the under-expanded nature in flash-boiling jet was difficult to observed by optical diagnosis. The main objective of this study is to prove the existence of under-expanded nature in the gasoline-like fuel (n-hexane) flash-boiling jet under the GDI engine condition, and further reveal the significant influence factors. The experimental examination was carried in a constant volume vessel with ambient pressure ranging from 0.1 bar to 1.0 bar and fuel temperatures from 30℃ to 170℃. In order to capture the flow details in the jet, a high-brightness light source was used in the optical imaging. The shock structure of under-expanded nature was observed in close nozzle region under those conditions above 130℃, and the shock structure was in good agreement with the previous simulation results under the same conditions
Li, Yanfei, Zhang, Jingyu, Ma, Xiao, Shuai, Shijin
Study and Analysis of External Drag Reduction Methods for Tractor-Trailer Trucks using 3D CFD2022-01-109303/29/2022
Heavy vehicles play a huge role in the national economy of a country and are responsible for the transportation of a major portion of goods across the terrain. In the United States alone, over 85% of the total value of goods are transported with the help of heavy vehicles. Despite the heavy reliance, these vehicles are not fuel-efficient and more than 40% of the engine’s power production is utilized in overcoming the vehicle aerodynamic drag at highway speeds. The present work explores drag reduction methods that could be used as an external aid for cargo trailer trucks. The paper focuses on 3D CFD analysis of different boat-tail designs that could be used to reduce aerodynamic drag on trailers. The boat tails analysed has been optimised in coherence with standard legal norms for European and US highways. It has been found and established that a truncated boat tail works as a better drag reduction measure than a full or completely inflated boat tail. The commercial code of Simerics MP
Varshney, Anchal, Khandagale, Vitthal, Saha, Rohit
Designing Rugged SWaP-Optimized MOSA Solutions for UUVs21AERP05_0305/01/2021
As the U.S. Navy increases its investment in its fleet of unmanned undersea vehicles (UUV), suppliers of rugged commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) subsystems, providing solutions for mission computers, network switches and routers, and data storage are meeting the needs of these unique platforms. The Navy classifies UUV systems into four categories, based on their size and how they are launched. Small UUVs range in diameter from 3″ to 10″ and can be man portable or submarine launched. Examples of small UUVs include the Swordfish and Sandfish. Medium UUVs have a diameter of 10″ to 21″ and are surface or submarine launched. Examples of medium UUVs include the Kingfish and the Knifefish. The Knifefish UUV, which is dedicated to mine hunting, is a great example of a UUV designed for a specific purpose. Large displacement UUVs (LDUUV) range in size from 21″ to 84″ in diameter and are also launched on the surface or from a submarine.
Battery of issues surrounds LARGE-VEHICLE ELECTRIFICATION20TOFHP12_0112/01/2020
Converting heavy-duty vehicles to battery power will require advances in weight reduction and thermal management. Electrification has made major inroads in light trucks and compact off-highway machines, but its adoption in long-distance trucking and many large off-highway vehicles remains more promise than market-ready. Still, there is plenty of interest in replacing diesel and gasoline power units with battery power. A flurry of activity in recent months highlights the high level of interest in heavy-duty electric trucks, though these actions also spotlight the lingering engineering challenges in electrifying larger vehicles. General Motors and startup truck maker Nikola teamed up in a deal worth $2 billion (www.sae.org/news/2020/09/hydrogen-fuel-cells-worldwide), but SEC investigations of Nikola executives emerged shortly after the announcement, raising questions about ongoing efforts to work together. Microsoft mogul Bill Gates started a debate when he questioned the viability of
Costlow, Terry
Electric-Powered WarshipTBMG-3823912/01/2020
GE's Power Conversion Business Warwickshire, UK +44 (0) 1788 563386
Faster-Degrading Plastic for Marine UsesTBMG-3797611/01/2020
To address the plastic environmental crisis, chemists have developed a new polymer with ample strength in a marine setting that degrades by ultraviolet radiation. The plastic has the mechanical properties required by commercial fishing gear. If it eventually gets lost in the aquatic environment, the material can degrade on a realistic time scale.
Products of Tomorrow: October 2020TBMG-3780010/01/2020
This column presents technologies that have applications in commercial areas, possibly creating the products of tomorrow. To learn more about each technology, see the contact information provided for that innovation.
Augmentation of Energy, Exergy and Emission Performance of Gas Turbine Engines Used for Ship Propulsion2020-01-202809/15/2020
Majority of prime movers for ship propulsion used currently are diesel engines mainly because of their elevated efficiency and their ability to run on residual oil. But in view of the increasing awareness for pollution control and stricter environmental regulations, gas turbine cycle can be regarded as a suitable alternative to propel large ships for cargo and military purpose. However during summer and in hot and humid climates, an increase in ambient temperature and ambient relative humidity is observed to adversely affect the performance of gas turbine (GT). In such circumstances, integration of inlet air cooling to GT cycle can be considered as a suitable alternative. The present paper discusses the possibility of using a vapor absorption inlet air cooled gas turbine cycle as a prime mover for marine application. A parametric study of the effect of compressor pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature, ambient relative humidity and ambient temperature on energy, exergy and exhaust
Mohapatra, Alok Kumar, Panigrahi, Nabnit, Das, Amar Kumar
Autonomous Boats Automatically Target and Clasp Onto Each OtherTBMG-3722007/01/2020
The city of Amsterdam envisions a future where fleets of autonomous boats cruise its canals to transport goods and people, collect trash, or self-assemble into floating stages and bridges. To further that vision, researchers have given new capabilities to their fleet of robotic boats that let them target and clasp onto each other and keep trying if they fail.
Bio-Inspired PropulsionTBMG-3721907/01/2020
From the vibrations of the rear-view mirror just as a car reaches 70 miles per hour to a building that collapses when, in an earthquake, it begins to vibrate at a specific frequency, there is untapped energy that could be harnessed for propulsion. Researchers found relationships between frequencies and the passive dynamics at play when vehicles move in air or water that help them understand how to use these forces to enhance performance.
EDITORIAL: The world's most capable hybrid vehicle20AUTP08_0407/01/2020
What does the future hold for hybrid-electric vehicle technology? In recent years battery EVs have captured the mobility industry's focus, Hybrids, of course, continue to offer efficiency and practicality for millions of customers - ask the owner of any Prius taxicab. The technology is robust and proven, even making its way recently into Jeeps and soon, Ford's F-150 (see p. 11). But when the BEVs finally take over the world's roads and even its airspace, as some predict, what then for hybrids? The answer may reside in what is reputed to be the world's most capable HEV. Can you guess what it is?
Brooke, Lindsay
Towed Array Sonar SystemTBMG-3680905/01/2020
Givat Shmuel, Israel +972-3-531-3333
Underwater ConnectorsTBMG-3681205/01/2020
Northrop Grumman Corporation Falls Church, VA 703-280-2900
Congestion-busting with Autonomous Shuttles20AVEP03_1003/01/2020
GoMentum is safety-testing two Local Motors shuttles at AAA's expansive NorCal proving grounds and new V2X lab. It was uneventful when an eight-passenger, low-speed driverless shuttle crawled at about 10 mph (16 km/h) toward the intersection at the GoMentum Station AV proving grounds in Concord, Calif. The crisp morning temperatures didn't get any more exciting when a mechanical pedestrian-dummy intentionally moved in the self-driving vehicle's path. The shuttle's six lidars, six radars and two military-grade GPS units brought the slow-moving vehicle gently to a stop within a courteous distance usually not granted by human drivers. The demo was dull for the handful of journalists on hand. But Jay Rogers, the chief executive of Local Motors-the producer of the shuttle dubbed “Olli” - was bubbling with enthusiasm. Rogers believes that the potential for low-speed connected and autonomous shuttles outweighs the promise of conventional vehicles transformed into full-stack robo-taxis.
Berman, Bradley
Underwater Signal Processing SystemTBMG-3605402/01/2020
DSIT Solutions Ltd. Givat Shmuel, Israel +972-3-531-3333
Insect-Inspired Motion SensingTBMG-3599302/01/2020
Researchers have taken inspiration from flying insects to demonstrate a miniaturized gyroscope, a special sensor used in navigation technologies. Gyroscopes sense rotational motions to provide directional guidance without relying on satellites, so they are immune to signal jamming and other cyber threats, making them ideal for aircraft and submarines.
Robotic “Cockroach” Explores Underwater EnvironmentsTBMG-3579901/01/2020
In nature, cockroaches can survive underwater for up to 30 minutes. A robotic cockroach was developed that can walk on land, swim on the surface of water, and walk underwater for as long as necessary.
Shape Sensing Innovations Dramatically Improve Structural Design ToolsTBMG-3579301/01/2020
Advances in fiber optic shape sensing developed at NASA's Armstrong Flight Research Center are enabling the development of next-generation flexible aircraft wings that maximize structural efficiency and reduce weight, improving fuel efficiency. These same advances will help engineers design stronger bridges, buildings, ocean vessels, and more.
Robotic HelicopterTBMG-3567712/01/2019
Steadicopter Ltd. Migdal HaEmek, Israel +972-4-9592959
Battery-Free Sensor for Underwater UseTBMG-3544311/01/2019
To investigate oceans, researchers aim to build a submerged network of interconnected sensors that sends data to the surface. Supplying constant power to scores of sensors designed to stay for long durations underwater has been a major problem.
Autonomous Multi-Sensor Maritime Awareness SystemTBMG-3536410/01/2019
BIRD Aerosystems Herzliya, Israel
EO/IR Maritime PayloadTBMG-3535210/01/2019
CONTROP Precision Technologies Ltd. Lanham, MD 571-331-0042
Ultra-Light Rocket LaunchersTBMG-3511009/01/2019
Arnold Defense Arnold, MO 636-296-5417
All-Silicon MEMS Inertial Sensing at Fiber Optic Gyro Performance LevelsTBMG-3519509/01/2019
There is increasing demand in many high-end commercial and industrial markets for precision motion sensing for a diversity of applications. In particular, demand is growing for effective guidance and stabilization in applications with severe limitations on space and/or weight, or available budget. UK/Japanese joint venture, Silicon Sensing Systems, has developed a high-performance all-silicon micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) gyro in response to this demand.
The Vehicle as Gaming Device19AVEP09_0609/01/2019
Audi spin-off Holoride uses VR to turn the back seat into an entertainment platform. From the moment I slipped the Oculus Rift device over my head, I was transported from a routine urban drive in the backseat of an Audi Q7 into an enchanting underwater world. The Virtual Reality (VR) experience obliterated every sight and sound of city life from my consciousness. My fellow backseat passenger and I were taking the demo during a break from the TechCrunch Sessions: Mobility 2019 conference last July. She squealed with laughter as our mini-submarine submerged into a seascape filled with schools of jellyfish, gently gliding Blue whales, and other undulating aquatic creatures.
Berman, Bradley
Shutoff Device Controls and Meters Flows in Harsh EnvironmentsTBMG-3487808/01/2019
Millions of gallons of crude oil were released into the Gulf of Mexico during the seabed oil drilling catastrophe of 2010. Numerous strategies to stop or stem the oil flow (underwater vehicles, containment dome, cement seal top kill) proved unworkable before the well was finally capped. Even more controversial than the escaping oil was the inability to monitor and measure the oil flow while repairs were attempted.
Improved Kmeans Algorithm for Detection in Traffic Scenarios2019-01-506706/17/2019
In the Kmeans cluster segmentation used in traffic scenes, there are often zone optimization and over-segmentation problems caused by the algorithm randomly assigning the initial cluster center. In order to improve the target extraction effect in traffic road scenes, this article proposes an improved Kmeans (IM-Kmeans) method. Firstly, search for the histogram peaks of the whole pixels based on hue, saturation, value (HSV) image, and find the initial cluster centers’ positions and number. Secondly, the noise points which are far away from the center pixel are removed, and then the pixels are classified into the nearest cluster center according to its value. Finally, after the clustering model reaches convergence, the area-clustering method is used for another classification to solve the over-segmentation problem. The simulation and experimental comparisons show that the IM-Kmeans algorithm has higher clustering accuracy than the traditional Kmeans algorithm.
Liu, Xiangyong, Chen, Guang
Marine Electrical SwitchesJ1320_201906 (Current)06/06/2019
This SAE Recommended Practice covers the requirements for switches used in marine applications both under and over 50 V.
Marine Technical Steering Committee
Panoramic Thermal Imaging Technology19AERP06_0306/01/2019
A New Concept in Naval Defense SPYNEL sensors are passive wide area surveillance systems with automatic intrusion detection and tracking capabilities. The 360° thermal sensors offer 24/7 situational awareness by detecting and tracking an unlimited number of targets in real time, on land, air and sea. HGH Infrared Systems recently won a multimillion contract from a leading shipyard, to equip three new warships with the latest generation of SPYNEL panoramic thermal cameras.
Surface to Surface MissileTBMG-3433205/01/2019
MBDA Le Plessis-Robinson, France +33 1 71 54 10 00
Sound Attenuation of Neoprene Wetsuit Hoods as a Function of Dive Depth and Acoustic Frequency: Hyperbaric Chamber TrialsTBMG-3433705/01/2019
The U.S. Navy is interested in strategies that divers could employ to protect them from loud underwater sounds. Sonar transmissions and other forms of underwater sound, such as that produced by noisy underwater tools, are an occupational hazard for U.S. Navy divers.
Facility Focus: Battelle Memorial InstituteTBMG-3415904/01/2019
Battelle Memorial Institute was founded in the early part of the 20th century as a charitable trust focused on research in metallurgy and allied industries. Founder Gordon Battelle studied metallurgy at Yale and strongly believed that science could help businesses solve their problems. In 1923, Battelle died and left $1.5 million to create Battelle Memorial Institute for the purpose of education and for making discoveries and inventions. In 1929, Battelle opened for business in Columbus, OH.
XPONENTIAL 2019 - An AUVSI Experience19AERP04_0504/01/2019
The Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) is bringing this year's XPONENTIAL 2019 to McCormick Place in Chicago, IL. The event, which runs from April 29 - May 2, will feature more than 150 technical sessions focused on all aspects of the unmanned vehicle and robotics market. Over 700 exhibitors representing more than 20 different industries will be showcasing their latest technology to an estimated 8,500 attendees from all over the world.
System Enables Direct Data Transmission Between Underwater and Airborne DevicesTBMG-3416504/01/2019
Today, underwater sensors cannot share data with those on land, as both use different wireless signals that only work in their respective mediums. Radio signals that travel through air die very rapidly in water. Acoustic signals, or sonar, sent by underwater devices mostly reflect off the surface without ever breaking through. This causes inefficiencies and other issues for a variety of applications such as ocean exploration and submarine-to-plane communication.
XPONENTIAL 2019 – An AUVSI ExperienceTBMG-3413604/01/2019
The Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) is bringing this year's XPONENTIAL 2019 to McCormick Place in Chicago, IL. The event, which runs from April 29 – May 2, will feature more than 150 technical sessions focused on all aspects of the unmanned vehicle and robotics market. Over 700 exhibitors representing more than 20 different industries will be showcasing their latest technology to an estimated 8,500 attendees from all over the world.
Naval Surveillance SystemTBMG-3412404/01/2019
CONTROP Precision Technologies Ltd. Hod Hasharon, Israel +972-9-744-0661
Offshore Oil Workers Learn Survival Skills in Astronaut Training PoolTBMG-3369102/01/2019
Spinoff is NASA's annual publication featuring successfully commercialized NASA technology. This commercialization has contributed to the development of products and services in the fields of health and medicine, consumer goods, transportation, public safety, computer technology, and environmental resources.
System Makes Opaque Materials Totally TransparentTBMG-3341112/01/2018
Most naturally occurring materials have a disordered atomic structure that interferes with the propagation of both sound and electromagnetic waves. When the waves come into contact with these materials, they bounce around and disperse — and their energy dissipates according to a highly complex interference pattern, diminishing in intensity. That means it's virtually impossible to transmit data or energy intact across wave-scattering media and fully leverage the potential of wave technology.
Shrimp-Inspired Camera May Enable Underwater NavigationTBMG-3328211/01/2018
The underwater environment may appear to the human eye as a dull-blue, featureless space. However, a vast landscape of polarization patterns appear when viewed through a camera that is designed to see the world through the eyes of many of the animals that inhabit the water.
Design, Development and Integration of a Wing-Morphing, Bimodal Unmanned Vehicle2018-01-196010/30/2018
This paper relates to the design and development of a multi-modal UAV capable of aerial flight and underwater propulsion. A novel hybrid propulsion system has been manufactured and tested. Consisting of folding blades, the propeller has been optimized for propulsion both in air and water. The critical water to air transition phase is achieved by an additional impulsive thruster powered by a C02 cartridge. To decrease the drag in underwater cruise and reduce the potential damage when the vehicle impacts the water, a morphing wing has been developed. This consists of foam-carbon fiber lay-up constructed wings in a variable sweep configuration. The actuation of the sweep is achieved by linear servos mounted on the sleeve shaped spar. An integrated prototype is constructed, using an unconventional, anhedral horizontal stabilizers to allow clearance for the morphing wing. Using a combination of data taken from wind tunnel testing, CFD simulation and analytic methods, models of the vehicles
Simpson, Mark, Guo, Dian
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