Browse Topic: Airports

Items (106)
Find
Cable Carriers Promote Efficiency in an Autonomous Hospitality RobotTBMG-5218712/01/2024
Since the COVID-19 pandemic that advanced contactless service, robots are increasingly being seen conducting routine deliveries around hospitals and hotels. Developed by Robotise Technologies, JEEVES is one such autonomous service robot used in hotels, healthcare facilities, offices, airports, and other settings. Its main duty is to transport materials and products.
Magazine Article
Computational Investigation of a Flexible Airframe Taxiing Over an Uneven Runway for Aircraft Vibration Testing01-17-02-001112/15/2023
Ground vibration testing (GVT) is an important phase of the development, or the structural modification of an aircraft program. The modes of vibration and their associated parameters extracted from the GVT are used to modify the structural model of the aircraft to make more reliable dynamics predictions to satisfy certification authorities. Due to the high cost and the extensive preparations for such tests, a new method of vibration testing called taxi vibration testing (TVT) rooted in operational modal analysis (OMA) was recently proposed and investigated by the German Institute for Aerospace Research (DLR) as alternative to conventional GVT. In this investigation, a computational framework based on fully coupled flexible multibody dynamics for TVT is presented to further investigate the applicability of the TVT to flexible airframes. The time domain decomposition (TDD) method for OMA was used to postprocess the response of the airframe during a TVT. The framework was then used to
Al-bess, Lohay, Khouli, Fidel
Journal Article
Artificial Intelligence Enabled Model for Real Time Prediction of Aircraft Touch-Down Point2022-26-119205/26/2022
Approach and Landing are critical phases of flight. On a typical flight with a duration of 1.5 hours, the landing phase accounts for approximately 1% of total time. Statistics and past data indicate that landing accidents, in jet powered aircraft, result in about 20% of aviation related accidents / incidents. Criticality of landing phase is further accentuated when an aircraft lands on table top runways with short runway during adverse climatic conditions. Studies have indicated that risk of runway overruns increase by 55% due to ‘long landings’. The proposed idea is an attempt to reduce long landings by accurately predicting the touchdown point and generating an alert to ATC in real time, in case of deviations, thereby, avoiding runway excursions caused by long landings. The proposed solution makes use of ADS-B out data received from aircraft with additional parameters gathered from a multitude of sensors in real time and predicts the precise touch down point based on trajectory
Padmanabhan, Suresh, Sunkara, Bhanu Prakash
Technical Paper
An Autonomous Ground Based Multi Sensor Data Fused TDR Prediction and Monitoring System2022-26-122705/26/2022
According to a study conducted by IATA, EASA and ICAO, runway excursions are common type of incidents that leads to major accidents. Runway excursion predominantly occur due to incorrect utilization of the touchdown zone (TDZ). A ground-based multi-sensor data fused touchdown region (TDR) prediction and monitoring system is proposed in this paper. This system autonomously analyses real-time environmental data with remote sensing capability around the runway site, gathers real-time information on flight critical parameters of approaching aircraft through an ADS-B Out data link, predicts ideal TDR over the runway TDZ for a particular aircraft, and estimates the expected contemporaneous TDR based on the monitored current approach profile. If the ideal and expected TDR do not overlap, there is a chance for an excursion. In such cases, the flight parameter that needs corrective action is determined and notified to the pilot. In order to analyze dynamic environmental data, mathematical
Nagonda, Ajay Nagarajan, Manjunath, Karthik
Technical Paper
SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Los Angeles World Airports Innovating the Passenger Experience1315307/08/2021
The airline industry is gradually emerging from a devastating hit as the world rebounds from the shut downs caused by COVID-19. On the path back to "normal," digitization, innovation and sustainability are transforming the travel experience. Justin Erbacci, CEO, Los Angeles World Airports, is doing his part to revolutionize the airport experience through biometrics, food and beverage delivery to the gate, and FlyAway bus service at @LAXAirport - and that's just the beginning! Tune in to hear how Erbacci and his team are propelling LAX into the future and setting the tone in the industry.
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
Using Delphi and System Dynamics for IoT Cybersecurity: Preliminary Airport Implications2021-01-001903/02/2021
Day by day, airports adopt more IoT devices. However, airports are not exempt from possible failures due to malware’s proliferation that can abuse vulnerabilities. Computer criminals can access, corrupt, and extract information from individuals or companies. This paper explains the development of a propagation model, which started with a Delphi process. We discuss the preliminary implications for airports of the simulation model built from the Delphi recommendations.
Ballestas, Andres Manuel
Journal Article
Carbon Neutrality, Reduction and Offset-Aviation Solutions in the 21st Century2021-01-003903/02/2021
Begun in 2016, the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) was developed and agreed by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 191 Member States, while the Airport Carbon Accreditation was developed by the Airports, Council International Europe as a carbon management system and certification. The aviation industry has its own offsetting scheme to measure aviation emissions and carbon offsetting and it has become the first industry sector which leads the world making commitments to reduce emissions. CORSIA and the Airport Carbon Accreditation are programs that impose carbon management obligations on the aviation industry. The training product to be presented, will clarify for the first time how to go beyond mere compliance and exceed the carbon reduction requirements of these instruments by achieving carbon neutrality in operations, to decrease costs, boost revenue, productivity and customer experience for airlines, airports and ground service
Nyamdorj, Bolormaa, Anaka, Wayne, Stoica, Andrei, Sushant, Sushant, Ortega, Joshua, Helm, Brittney, Moreira, Paula
Journal Article
House Noise-Reduction Measurements for Use in Studies of Aircraft Flyover NoiseAIR1081A (Current)12/22/2020
A-21 Aircraft Noise Measurement Aviation Emission Modeling
Information Report
House Noise-Reduction Measurements for Use in Studies of Aircraft Flyover NoiseAIR1081A-TEST-REC (Historical)12/22/2020
A-21 Aircraft Noise Measurement Aviation Emission Modeling
Information Report
SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Why Infrastructure Planning is Undergoing a Massive Shift1291310/29/2020
A strong infrastructure is the backbone for transportation. This week, host Grayson Brulte sits down with Malcolm Dougherty, Sr. Vice President and National Practice Executive at global engineering firm Michael Baker International to talk about creating a seamless multimodal transportation system that positively benefits society. He looks at his career journey, which began when the U.S. was finishing the interstate highway system, and how we've moved to a more strategic approach for handling transportation, mobility, access and demand. Malcolm discusses planning for a frictionless mobility future through singular payment options and connected modes of travel; the infrastructure changes and energy grid improvements needed to further support the shift to electric cars and buses; and how airports and stadiums, especially those in dense urban environments, will be impacted by vehicle electrification. Learn more about Michael Baker International at https://mbakerintl.com.
Hineman, Marcie
Podcast
EXTENSIBLE MARKUP LANGUAGE (XML) ENCODING AND COMPRESSION STANDARDARINC814-1 (Current)01/18/2019
ARINC 814 defines an XML encoding and compression standard for aviation. It is based on the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Binary XML document. Binary XML encoding is extended in a way that is both flexible and robust. Compression is added on top of the binary encoding. ARINC 814 is expected to be used with Aeronautical Databases, in particular, ARINC Specification 813: Embedded Interchange Format for Terrain Databases, ARINC Specification 815: Embedded Interchange Format for Obstacle Databases, and ARINC Specification 816: Embedded Interchange Format for Airport Mapping Database.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
Specification
EMBEDDED INTERCHANGE FORMAT FOR AIRPORT MAPPING DATABASEARINC816-2C1 (Current)08/31/2016
This document defines an open encoding format for airport databases which are loaded in airborne systems. This format, when designed and implemented, will enable a quick, economic, and efficient use of AMDB. However, since industry does not require applications to be standardized, data interpretation is not addressed in this document.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
Specification
Fluid, Deicing/Anti-Icing, Runways and Taxiways Glycol BaseAMS1426D (Current)08/15/2016
This specification covers a glycol-base deicing/anti-icing material in the form of a liquid.
G-12 Runway Deicing Product Committee
Material Specification
EXTENSIBLE MARKUP LANGUAGE (XML) ENCODING AND COMPRESSION STANDARDARINC814 (Current)12/11/2015
ARINC 814 defines an XML encoding and compression standard for aviation. It is based on the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Binary XML document. Binary XML encoding is extended in a way that is both flexible and robust. Compression is added on top of the binary encoding. ARINC 814 is expected to be used with Aeronautical Databases, and in particular, the Airport Map databases defined by ARINC 816 and the proposed ARINC Project Paper 815 Terrain and Obstacle databases.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
Technical Standard
Hamburg Airport Relies on Drive Technology to Keep Bags MovingTBMG-2293409/01/2015
Hamburg Airport in Germany handles nine million pieces of baggage every year. For the baggage handling staff, the reliability of the conveyor system and the prevention of faults are the highest priorities. The breakdown of even a single component of the system would result in a backlog and unacceptable delays.
Magazine Article
Conclusive Aircraft Lighting Approach for Reducing Maintenance and Improving Safety2014-01-212309/16/2014
Advanced technologies in LED's have the potential to reduce maintenance and improve aircraft safety. Aircrafts need adequate illumination for night time landing. New technology such as high-power LEDs allow for better suited light distributions, more whitish light compatible for mesopic lighting conditions and reduced glare in adverse weather conditions. LEDs and the associated electronics are more susceptible to harsh environmental conditions and this needs to be accounted for in the design of the equipment. Highly conductive metal core PCBs (MCPCB) allow for adequate cooling in a mirror telescopic optical arrangement when coupled with robust active cooling. Closed loop optical feedback of output flux ensures constant performance over the lifetime of the light unit and allows for indication of remaining useful life to the operator to plan maintenance activities. Parylene coating inhibits premature degradation of the LEDs induced by water vapor and corrosive gases.
Hessling, Andre
Journal Article
Modeling Weather Impact on Airport Arrival Miles-in-Trail Restrictions2013-01-230109/17/2013
When the demand for either a region of airspace or an airport approaches or exceeds the available capacity, miles-in-trail (MIT) restrictions are the most frequently issued traffic management initiatives (TMIs) that are used to mitigate these imbalances. Miles-in-trail operations require aircraft in a traffic stream to meet a specific inter-aircraft separation in exchange for maintaining a safe and orderly flow within the stream. This stream of aircraft can be departing an airport, over a common fix, through a sector, on a specific route or arriving at an airport. This study begins by providing a high-level overview of the distribution and causes of arrival MIT restrictions for the top ten airports in the United States. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of the frequency, duration and cause of MIT restrictions impacting the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport (ATL) from 2009 through 2011. Then, machine-learning methods for predicting (1) situations in which MIT
Wang, Yao, Grabbe, Shon
Journal Article
Open LED ProtectorsTBMG-1575702/01/2013
Littelfuse, Inc. (Chicago, IL) has developed a new line of open LED protectors optimized to provide superior protection against open LEDs. The PLED6M Series LED protector is designed to provide a switching electronic shunt path when an LED in an LED string fails as an open circuit. This ensures that the entire array of LEDs will continue providing illumination even if a single LED in the string fails. The new LED protectors provide greater lighting reliability in applications where uninterrupted illumination is critical, such as street, subway, runway, and tunnel lighting, as well as vehicle headlights, roadside warning lights, and outdoor signage.
Magazine Article
Using Multispectral Imaging for Ecological ObservationsTBMG-1536112/01/2012
With an airborne camera capable of making precise and detailed ecological observations, biologists at Applied Ecological Services (Brodhead, WI) are bringing satellite imagery closer to earth.
Magazine Article
Amplifier Module for 260-GHz Band Using Quartz Waveguide TransitionsTBMG-1506811/01/2012
Packaging of MMIC LNA (monolithic microwave integrated circuit low-noise amplifier) chips at frequencies over 200 GHz has always been problematic due to the high loss in the transition between the MMIC chip and the waveguide medium in which the chip will typically be used. In addition, above 200 GHz, wirebond inductance between the LNA and the waveguide can severely limit the RF matching and bandwidth of the final waveguide amplifier module.
Magazine Article
Energetic Design and Optimization of a Large Photovoltaic Stratospheric Unconventional Feeder Airship2012-01-216610/22/2012
This paper presents a model of energetic consumption and photovoltaic production for a large airship which acts as feeder connecting the ground with a large cruiser. The analysis of energy needs and productivity allows defining both an ideal sizing and operative mission profiles. The specialised mission of this airship is to ascent and descent. It includes also the connection with the airport buildings on the ground and with the cruiser at high altitude. Photovoltaic production has evaluated in terms of hydrogen and electric propulsion. They have estimated both and a calculation methodology has proposed. The evaluation has supported by CFD evaluations on aerodynamic behaviour of the system at various altitudes.
Dumas, Antonio, Trancossi, Michele, Madonia, Mauro
Journal Article
Embedded Graphics ProcessorTBMG-1445508/01/2012
Rockwell Collins (Cedar Rapids, IA), a designer of communications and avionics systems for the aerospace and defense industries, has selected the AMD Radeon™ E2400 embedded graphics processor for inclusion in its integrated flight deck product, Pro Line Fusion™. Chosen for its 3D graphics rendering capabilities, the E2400 generates realistic graphical models of the external aircraft environment to improve awareness of terrain, obstacles, and runways in low-visibility conditions. Pilots use the critical information to make informed decisions through the various phases of flight.
Magazine Article
Design and Flight Test of a Primary Flight Display Combined Vision System11VATC4000403/19/2012
A series of flight tests were conducted to design and evaluate a Combined Vision System (CVS) that integrates a forward looking infrared video image with synthetic vision on a primary flight display. System features included colorizing the video image to mesh with the synthetic terrain background, decluttering the approach symbology to facilitate the detection of the approach lights and runway markings, creating a semi-transparent IR sky to ensure continuous situational awareness of the surrounding terrain, and annunciating the decision height to facilitate the transition to the actual runway environment. Over 100 approaches were flown during three flight test sessions. For the first flight test session pilots reviewed early CVS proofs of concept on Honeywell's Citation Sovereign. During the approach in low visibility conditions, the Pilot Flying remained head-down to 100 ft AGL, at which time he lifted his head and made a subjective judgment of whether he could easily and safely
May, Patricia
Video
Controlled Braking Experiments with and without ABS10VARANN1103/07/2012
An experimental program to measure braking characteristics developed under emergency braking conditions by ABS-Equipped vehicles was designed and performed. Variables examined included initial braking speed, vehicle type, tire pressure and data recording equipment utilized. All experiments were conducted on a closed airport taxiway constructed of sharp, brushed and heavily striated concrete. Tests were conducted with and without activated ABS systems on the test vehicles. Results showed that (1) with the ABS activated, faint roadway markings were visible only under a very few special circumstances, (2) tire/road µ-values and corresponding deceleration values varied only slightly for differing speeds and ABS conditions, (3) tire pressure made little difference in limited test results, and (4) there were differences in recorded results depending on the equipment used for data acquisition. Presenter L. Daniel Metz
Daniel, L.
Video
Cryogenic 160-GHz MMIC Heterodyne Receiver ModuleTBMG-1221512/01/2011
A cryogenic 160-GHz MMIC heterodyne receiver module has demonstrated a system noise temperature of 100 K or less at 166 GHz. This module builds upon work previously described in “Development of a 150-GHz MMIC Module Prototype for Large-Scale CMB Radiation” (NPO-47664), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 35, No. 8 (August 2011), p. 27. In the original module, the local oscillator signal was saturating the MMIC low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) with power. In order to suppress the local oscillator signal from reaching the MMIC LNAs, the W-band (75–110 GHz) signal had to be filtered out before reaching 140–170 GHz. A bandpass filter was developed to cover 120–170 GHz, using microstrip parallelcoupled lines to achieve the desired filter bandwidth, and ensure that the unwanted W-band local oscillator signal would be sufficiently suppressed.
Magazine Article
Modeling Weather Impact on Ground Delay Programs2011-01-268010/18/2011
Scheduled arriving aircraft demand may exceed airport arrival capacity when there is abnormal weather at an airport. In such situations, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) institutes ground-delay programs (GDP) to delay flights before they depart from their originating airports. Efficient GDP planning depends on the accuracy of prediction of airport capacity and demand in the presence of uncertainties in weather forecast. This paper presents a study of the impact of dynamic airport surface weather on GDPs. Using the National Traffic Management Log, effect of weather conditions on the characteristics of GDP events at selected busy airports is investigated. Two machine learning methods are used to generate models that map the airport operational conditions and weather information to issued GDP parameters and results of validation tests are described.
Wang, Yao, Kulkarni, Deepak
Journal Article
NextGen today and tomorrow11AERD0302_0303/09/2011
The FAA has reached a major milestone on the Next Generation Air Transportation System initiative to modernize America's National Airspace System. With demonstrations of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) technology successfully completed at four U.S. airports in the last quarter of 2010, the FAA has cleared prime contractor ITT to complete the rollout of ADS-B ground stations nationwide. Achievement of the so-called In Service Decision for ADS-B sites in Alaska, the Gulf of Mexico, Louisville, and Philadelphia marks a major milestone on the FAA's overall Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) initiative to modernize America's National Airspace System (NAS). Because of its importance in the development of free flight, the FAA has kept the ADS-B program on track to complete the construction of all planned 794 ADS-B ground stations by 2013. Three-hundred-plus installations had already been completed as of the beginning of 2011.
Rosenberg, Barry
Magazine Article
A New Methodology of Airport Zoning Aiming to Control the Encroachment and Adverse Effects of Noise2010-36-052810/17/2010
With the growth of urban areas, the areas adjacent to airports are becoming densely inhabited, causing a big problem known as encroachment. The encroachment occurs when a significant portion of the population is submitted to the adverse effects of noise, even outside the areas of restricted use established by the airport zoning. The metric used for the airport zoning in many countries and in Brazil is the DNL (Day Night Level). This metric is associated to the average sound energy produced by all aeronautical events during a period of 24 hours, with weighting of 10 dB(A) during the night. However, the use of DNL for airport zoning can lead to different results for noise levels, daytime and nighttime, depending on the seasonality of airport activity in those periods. The paper proposes a study of alternatives for the airport zoning based on the Brazilian Standard ABNT/NBR 10151. It also presents a comparative analysis between the indices of encroachment through a Geographic Information
Heleno, T. A., Salazar, P. B., Slama, J. G.
Technical Paper
Situational Lightning ClimatologiesTBMG-845609/01/2010
Research has revealed distinct spatial and temporal distributions of lightning occurrence that are strongly influenced by large-scale atmospheric flow regimes. It was believed there were two flow systems, but it has been discovered that actually there are seven distinct flow regimes.
Magazine Article
Demonstration of a Submillimeter-Wave HEMT Oscillator Module at 330 GHzTBMG-805706/01/2010
In this work, radial transitions have been successfully mated with a HEMT-based MMIC (high-electron-mobility-transistor-based monolithic microwave integrated circuit) oscillator circuit. The chip has been assembled into a WR2.2 waveguide module for the basic implementation with radial E-plane probe transitions to convert the waveguide mode to the MMIC coplanar waveguide mode. The E-plane transitions have been directly integrated onto the InP substrate to couple the submillimeter-wave energy directly to the waveguides, thus avoiding wirebonds in the RF path. The oscillator demonstrates a measured 1.7 percent DC-RF efficiency at the module level.
Magazine Article
RF Device for Acquiring Images of the Human BodyTBMG-787705/01/2010
A safe, non-invasive method for forming images through clothing of large groups of people, in order to search for concealed weapons either made of metal or not, has been developed. A millimeter wavelength scanner designed in a unique, ring-shaped configuration can obtain a full 360° image of the body with a resolution of less than a millimeter in only a few seconds. Millimeter waves readily penetrate normal clothing, but are highly reflected by the human body and concealed objects. Millimeter wave signals are non-ionizing and are harmless to human tissues when used at low power levels.
Magazine Article
RF Device for Acquiring Images of the Human BodyTBMG-TB-00787705/01/2010
This portable, simple system using a ring-shaped antenna array and planar circuit technology can serve as security in airports, mass transit locations, and power plants. A safe, non-invasive method for forming images through clothing of large groups of people, in order to search for concealed weapons either made of metal or not, has been developed. A millimeter wavelength scanner designed in a unique, ring-shaped configuration can obtain a full 360° image of the body with a resolution of less than a millimeter in only a few seconds. Millimeter waves readily penetrate normal clothing, but are highly reflected by the human body and concealed objects. Millimeter wave signals are non-ionizing and are harmless to human tissues when used at low power levels.
Magazine Article
ARINC REPORT 443ARINC443 (Current)04/07/2010
The purpose of this report is to illustrate to airfield and airport authorities the need for timely, accurate information regarding actual or planned changes to the physical airfield, recognize the changes in regulatory requirements in flight training, specifically visual database elements used in simulation, identify critical data elements for designing visual databases, and describe the elements and their uses in a simulated training environment. The list and descriptions of required visual database data elements will provide guidance to airfield and airport authorities and suppliers of data regarding minimum levels of data required to accurately create and maintain a visual representation of an airfield or other aircraft operating area. The report will also be used to provide information from airfield operators and managers concerning physical changes or additions to runways, taxiways, land-side gates, and the surrounding area.
Flight Simulator Engineering and Maintenance Committee
Information Report
Electronic System for Preventing Airport Runway IncursionsTBMG-352902/01/2009
The figure is a block diagram of a proposed system of portable illuminated signs, electronic monitoring equipment, and radio-communication equipment for preventing (or taking corrective action in response to) improper entry of aircraft, pedestrians, or ground vehicles onto active airport runways. Such an entry, denoted a runway incursion, poses a risk of collision with an aircraft properly moving on the affected runway. The major causes of runway incursions are mistakes by pilots, ground-vehicle drivers, and control-tower personnel. Heretofore, there have been no automated, systematic, reliable means of monitoring and regulating airport ground traffic to prevent or correct for runway incursions. The main overall functions of the proposed system would be to automatically monitor aircraft ground traffic on or approaching runways and to generate visible and/or audible warnings to affected pilots, ground-vehicle drivers, and control-tower personnel when runway incursions take place.
Magazine Article
Thermal Technology System Acquires Heat Data to Count PeopleTBMG-491110/01/2008
The Flowslide, developed by Royal Boon Edam Group Holding BV, is a combination of a revolving door and curved sliding panels, installed at Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris. The Flowslide offers a complete physical separation between two crossing passenger flows on a single floor, allowing arriving and departing passengers to use a single door. The entry and exit points open and close alternatively within the curved wall of the revolving door, while keeping the passengers separate. As the two sets of passengers never come into contact with each other — despite using the same doorway — the Flowslide has enabled today's higher levels of security to be met, without the need to redevelop the terminal.
Magazine Article
Thermal Technology System Acquires Heat Data to Count PeopleTBMG-TB-00491110/01/2008
A non-intrusive people-counting system uses thermal detection. The Flowslide, developed by Royal Boon Edam Group Holding BV, is a combination of a revolving door and curved sliding panels, installed at Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris. The Flowslide offers a complete physical separation between two crossing passenger flows on a single floor, allowing arriving and departing passengers to use a single door. The entry and exit points open and close alternatively within the curved wall of the revolving door, while keeping the passengers separate. As the two sets of passengers never come into contact with each other - despite using the same doorway - the Flowslide has enabled today's higher levels of security to be met, without the need to redevelop the terminal.
Magazine Article
EMBEDDED INTERCHANGE FORMAT FOR AIRPORT MAPPING DATABASEARINC816-1 (Current)11/19/2007
This document defines an open encoding format for airport databases which are loaded in airborne systems. This format, when designed and implemented, will enable a quick, economic, and efficient use of AMDB. However, since industry does not require applications to be standardized, data interpretation is not addressed in this document.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
Specification
Dispersion of De-Icing Chemicals to the Areas Along the Runways at Oslo Airport Gardermoen2007-01-335109/24/2007
Oslo Airport Gardermoen is located on the largest unconfined groundwater aquifer in Norway and acts upon strict governmental regulations concerning groundwater balance and contamination of groundwater and surface waters. In the cold Norwegian winter climate, de-icing of aircrafts and runway systems is necessary for safety reasons. The aircraft de-icing fluids (type 1 and type 2) are based on propylene glycol (PG). Potassium Formate (PF) is used for de-icing of runways and taxiways. Aircraft de-icing takes place on remote de-icing platforms. At each platform there is a system for drainage of excess de-icing fluid, but some is passively dispersed from the aircraft body to the area along the runways and mix with snow. During melting, release of de-icers to the ground occurs. In such events the chemicals need to be biologically degraded in the unsaturated zone to meet the governmental requirements. To avoid negative effects on the environment and to meet governmental regulations
Øvstedal, Jarl, Wejden, Bente
Technical Paper
System Would Detect Foreign-Object Damage in Turbofan EngineTBMG-TB-00106001/29/2007
Vibration-sensor and gas-path-analysis data would be fused. A proposed data-fusion system, to be implemented mostly in software, would further process the digitized and preprocessed outputs of sensors in a turbofan engine to detect foreign-object damage (FOD) [more precisely, damage caused by impingement of such foreign objects as birds, pieces of ice, and runway debris]. The proposed system could help a flight crew to decide what, if any, response is necessary to complete a flight safely, and could aid mechanics in deciding what post-flight maintenance action might be needed.
Magazine Article
Gesture-Controlled Interfaces for Self-Service MachinesTBMG-79412/01/2006
Gesture-controlled interfaces are software-driven systems that facilitate device control by translating visual hand and body signals into commands. Such interfaces could be especially attractive for controlling self-service machines (SSMs) — for example, public information kiosks, ticket dispensers, gasoline pumps, and automated teller machines (see figure).
Magazine Article
Ground-Penetrating RadarTBMG-468210/01/2006
AFRL engineers used prototypes of recently developed ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electronic cone penetrometer (ECP) devices to determine whether voids and anomalies in a particular airfield's subsoil were facilitating crack formation in an aircraft runway. Using the data collected during their Langley Air Force Base (AFB), Virginia, investigation, they were able both to determine the extent (and, in some cases, the cause) of the subsoil deterioration and to provide several recommendations for repairing abnormal or weakened portions of the runway. This field investigation also provided valuable information about the AFRL-developed prototype inspection devices; the evaluation results will aid designers in further refining these developmental products.
Magazine Article
3D X-Ray Luggage-Screening SystemTBMG-104910/01/2006
A three-dimensional (3D) x-ray luggage- screening system has been proposed to reduce the fatigue experienced by human inspectors and increase their ability to detect weapons and other contraband. The system and variants thereof could supplant thousands of x-ray scanners now in use at hundreds of airports in the United States and other countries. The device would be applicable to any security checkpoint application where current two-dimensional scanners are in use.
Magazine Article
The Spatial Standard ObserverTBMG-1809/01/2006
The spatial standard observer is a computational model that provides a measure of the visibility of a target in a uniform background image or of the visual discriminability of two images. Standard observers have long been used in science and industry to quantify the discriminability of colors. Color standard observers address the spectral characteristics of visual stimuli, while the spatial standard observer (SSO), as its name indicates, addresses spatial characteristics. The SSO is based on a model of human vision. The SSO was developed in a process that included evaluation of a number of earlier mathematical models that address optical, physiological, and psychophysical aspects of spatial characteristics of human visual perception. Elements of the prior models are incorporated into the SSO, which is formulated as a compromise between accuracy and simplicity. The SSO operates on a digitized monochrome still image or on a pair of such images. The SSO consists of three submodels that
Magazine Article
Airport Remote Tower Sensor SystemsTBMG-7607/01/2006
Networks of video cameras, meteorological sensors, and ancillary electronic equipment are under development in collaboration among NASA Ames Research Center, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). These networks are to be established at and near airports to provide real-time information on local weather conditions that affect aircraft approaches and landings.
Magazine Article
Aerospace Engineering 2006-07-01AEROJUL0607/01/2006
Designing reliable boards The makers of electronic hardware are boosting reliability by reducing the number of components that can fail while improving ruggedization for those circuit boards. Better seen, not heard Reducing noise profiles is a multi-targeted task for engine OEMs, airframers, airport authorities, and regulatory agencies. Farnborough 2006 "Sustainable Aviation" will be a key subject as representatives of the global aerospace industry meet at the Farnborough International Airshow.
Magazine Issue
Computationally Lightweight Air-Traffic-Control SimulationTBMG-24709/01/2005
An algorithm for computationally lightweight simulation of automated airtraffic control (ATC) at a busy airport has been derived. The algorithm is expected to serve as the basis for development of software that would be incorporated into flight-simulator software, the ATC component of which is not yet capable of handling realistic airport loads. Software based on this algorithm could also be incorporated into other computer programs that simulate a variety of scenarios for purposes of training or amusement.
Magazine Article
Ground-Traffic Information-Management System for an AirportTBMG-239602/01/2002
A computer-based system, and a method built around the use of the system, have been developed to automate the acquisition, integration, and management of data that have been generated at different rates by multiple, heterogeneous, incompatible sources. The system [hereafter denoted the “TMS” (for “traffic-management system”)] in its original form is intended for use in improving the management of ground traffic at a large, busy airport in order to reduce delays. The TMS could also be adapted to scheduling the movements of multiple vehicles in other settings — for example, vessels in harbors, trucks or railroad cars in shipping yards, and railroad cars in switching yards. Still other uses for the TMS could include managing containers at a shipping dock, managing stock on a factory floor or in a warehouse, and training of a variety of airline, airport, and government personnel in the management of airport ground traffic.
Magazine Article
Tire and Wheel Safety IssuesC010208/09/2001
One of the most important safety critical components on cars, trucks, and aircraft is the pneumatic tire. Vehicle tires primarily control stopping distances on wet and dry roads or runways and strongly influence over-steer/under-steer behavior in handling maneuvers of cars and trucks. The inflated tire-wheel assembly also acts as a pressure vessel that releases a large amount of energy when catastrophically deflated. The tire can also serve as a fulcrum, both directly and indirectly, in contributing to vehicle rollover. This seminar covers these facets of tire safety phenomena. Engineering fundamentals are discussed and illustrated with numerous practical examples and case studies of current public interest. The Pneumatic Tire, a 700-page E-book on CD, edited by Joseph Walter and Alan Gent is included in the course material. This course has been approved by the Accreditation Commission for Traffic Accident Reconstruction (ACTAR) for 7 Continuing Education Units (CEUs). Upon completion
Instructor Led
Video-Based Foreign Object DetectionTBMG-210901/01/1999
The Boeing Company has developed an overhead camera system that can automatically spot small pieces of debris on a work surface that might otherwise go unnoticed. The system automatically analyzes inputs from one or more video cameras to detect undesirable colors representing materials that, if left in place, would degrade part quality. The system uses commercial off-the-shelf hardware and software for low-cost implementation and is currently in use in the Boeing F/A-18 wing production line (see figure). The patent-pending technology, known as foreign-object video detection and alert system and method, is available for license.
Magazine Article
Gasdynamics and Optics of an Aircraft Condensable Wake96554810/01/1996
The possibility of visualization of an aircraft jet-and-vortex wake above a landing strip is investigated. The processes of water vapor heterogeneous condensation and droplets coalescence due to turbulent pulsation are taken into account. Numerical examples for the case of B-747-type flyer take-off are presented.
Stasenko, A.L., Grinats, E.S., Kashevarov, A.V.
Technical Paper
Items per page:
1 – 50 of 106