This specification covers woven, nonwoven, and knit absorbent materials supplied either as dry cloths or presaturated cloths for solvent cleaning process applications.

AMS G9 Aerospace Sealing Committee

AMS120425-1

AMS120425-00000000000000000000001 (Current)

12/04/2025

AMS120425-1

A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee

Aircraft and Aircraft Engine Fuel Pump Low Lubricity Fluid Endurance Test

ARP1797B (Current)

11/26/2025

This procedure is intended to apply to fuel pumps. This procedure will be defined in terms of recommended test fluid, test setup, test conditions, and test method. This procedure may be used for other fuel system components, by testing in conjunction with the pump, which normally supplies the component inlet flow, or a substitute test pump of similar capacity. This procedure may be used, with variations in test conditions and test fluid for performing pump evaluation tests. Tests at progressively increasing pump speeds and pressures will provide design limitation data. Alternate test periods on a test pump and another pump, of a design for which actual service durability is known, will provide useful comparison data.

AE-5B Aircraft and Engine Fuel and Lubricant Sys Components

Test Method for the Determination of Total Acidity in Polyol Ester and Diester Gas Turbine Lubricants by Automatic Potentiometric Titration

ARP5088C (Current)

11/26/2025

The test method describes the procedure for determination of the total acid number of new and degraded polyol ester and diester based gas turbine lubricants by potentiometric titration technique. The method was validated to cover an acidity range 0.05 to 6.0 mg KOH g-1. The method may also be suitable for the determination of acidities outside of this range and for other classes of lubricant.

E-34 Propulsion Lubricants Committee

Recommendations and Background Material for Battery Package Testing

AIR6840 (Current)

11/26/2025

AS 6413 and slash sheets /1 & /2 hold the main information for testing of battery packaging. This document holds further information and expansion of philosophy, clarification etc. surrounding the testing and industry needs.

G-27 Lithium Battery Packaging Performance

Cast Aluminum Alloy Composite 4.6Cu - 3.4Ti - 1.4B - 0.75Ag - 0.27Mg (205.0/TiB2/3p-T7P) Sand Cast, Solution, and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4482B (Current)

11/25/2025

This specification covers a dilute aluminum/TiB2 metal matrix composite in the form of sand castings.

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Cast Aluminum Alloy Composite, 4.6Cu - 3.4Ti - 1.4B - 0.75Ag - 0.27Mg (205.0/TiB2/3p-T7P), Investment Cast, Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4471C (Current)

11/25/2025

This specification covers a dilute aluminum/TiB2 metal matrix composite in the form of investment castings.

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Core, Honeycomb, Aluminum Alloy, Corrosion Inhibited For Sandwich Construction, 5052, 350 (177)

AMS4348F (Current)

11/21/2025

This specification covers bonded honeycomb core made of aluminum alloy and supplied in the form of blocks, slices, or other configurations as ordered.

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Automated Gaseous Nitrocarburizing Controlled by Potentials

AMS2759/12C (Current)

11/10/2025

This specification covers the requirements for producing a continuous white layer with controlled extent of porosity by means of a gaseous process, automatically controlled to maintain set values of the nitriding and carburizing potentials that determine properties of the nitrocarburized surface. Automatic control is intended to ensure repeatability of nitrogen and carbon content of the white layer which influences properties such as wear and corrosion resistance, ductility and fatigue strength.

AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee

Carburizing and Heat Treatment of Carburizing Grade Steel Parts

AMS2759/7F (Current)

11/10/2025

This specification, in conjunction with the general requirements for steel heat treatment covered in AMS2759, establishes the requirements and procedures for three classes of gas, vacuum, liquid, and low pressure (LPC) carburizing and related heat treatment of parts fabricated from carburizing grade steels. Parts made from steels other than those specified in the detail specifications may be heat treated in accordance with the applicable requirements using processing temperatures, times, and other parameters recommended by the material producer unless otherwise specified by the purchaser. This specification does not cover pack carburizing.

AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee

Grease, Aircraft, General Purpose, Low Temperature Range, Lithium Thickened

AMS3052B (Current)

09/30/2025

Committee AMS-M is establishing an Industry Managed Qualification Program through the remit of the Performance Review Institute which requires this specification to be revised to reference the qualification process and controlling documentation.

AMS M Aerospace Greases Committee

Second Life of Lithium-Ion Batteries Could Take Us to Space

TBMG-5214412/01/2024

The global use of lithium-ion batteries has doubled in just the past four years, generating alarming amounts of battery waste containing many hazardous substances. The need for effective recycling methods for spent lithium-ion batteries is becoming increasingly critical. In the journal ChemElectroChem, scientists from various Polish research institutions, including Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology (PBS), the Institute of Fundamental Technological Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the PAS in Warsaw, and Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, presented a promising solution to this issue.

A Novel Approach to Make an Efficient Thermal Management of a Solar Electric Four-Wheeler Through Model-Based System Simulation

2024-26-013001/16/2024

The objective of this paper is to determine and design an optimized thermal management system for a solar electric four-wheeler while considering system influence. The major systems that will be analyzed and optimized include the HVAC, solar system, and battery. The HVAC system imposes a challenge to the designers to fulfill the passenger's comfort and to operate it efficiently under a wide range of external loads from solar radiation, ambient temperature & humidity, human metabolic activity, and also other loads like the propulsion system temperature on the cabin. From the literature, it is found that the air conditioning system reduces on average 14% of the total battery capacity whereas the heating system reduces it by 18%, which makes the HVAC system design a crucial aspect to consider for the system influence. The battery car voltage changes significantly to meet the power demand and because of this, the battery system produces a large amount of heat while discharging which will

Karthikeyan, Vikram Raj, Gumma, Muralidhar

Novel Exhaust system architecture for Petroleum Oil Tanker Application vehicle

2024-26-034501/16/2024

A large amount of heat given off by ATS on BS-VI exhaust system vehicle. Heat shield is required to protect the surrounding components. As per PESO (Petroleum and Explosives safety organization) guidelines for POL Application vehicle is that,(i)the surrounding temperature should not be more than 180° C and (ii) there is no spillage of any petroleum product to the bare surface of exhaust part directly. In BS-VI vehicle the heat given off from ATS is higher than the BS-IV vehicle. Typically flexible or wrap around heat shield is provided over ATS. In BS-VI flexible heat shield is not possible as more sensors and components are coming. In this project the novel design of heat shield (combination of flexible and metallic sandwich) on exhaust system is used. This design ensures the surrounding temperature is below 180° C and there is no spillage of petroleum product to the bare surface of exhaust parts (Including Tail pipe, Exhaust main pipe and ATS) directly. Also this design protect the

Sahoo, Rajanikanta, Khandagale, Anup, Manoharan, Logeshwaran, Kumar, Pravin

Prediction and Optimization of Noise radiation from a Heavy-Duty Commercial Vehicle Transmission using Statistical Energy Analysis

2025-01-005105/05/2023

Heavy Duty (HD) linehaul vehicles are majorly used in transportation of goods and heavy loads between different cities or long distances. Considering the current trend, payload capacity of these heavy-duty trucks are increasing due to constant increase in the load demand. Due to which engine torques of these HD vehicles are increasing which in turn increases the transmission input torque. At higher torque levels, gear excitation also increases and transmission becomes more susceptible towards higher noise radiation. Global vehicle pass-by noise regulations for HD commercial vehicles are becoming more stringent. Historically transmissions have been considered a secondary noise source but with overall HD vehicle noise becoming quieter, the transmission can be more of a significant noise contributor. Hence, noise radiation from the transmission is also an important factor to be considered in the design phase. Gear whine is the major concern for sound radiation from the transmission. The

Rastogi, Sarthak, Milind, T. R.

Directivity driven simulation methodology for efficient Acoustic Encapsulation

2025-01-004805/05/2023

Noise Reduction at the source level is critical to achieve the overall vehicle level interior targets. This method presents a novel approach that integrates directivity analysis with simulation techniques to optimize acoustic encapsulation design for automotive sound sources to achieve the targeted radiation levels. The foundation for this methodology is to measure the angular distribution of sound pressure levels around the noise source so called Directivity, at every frequency of interest and determine the most effective Acoustic encapsulation to achieve the targeted sound radiation. Accurate measurement of directivity in physical testing with fine angular resolutions can be complex and expensive, this study utilizes numerical simulation techniques using FEA to mitigate the challenges in mid frequency range. The scope of the study is focused on mid frequency sound pressure levels between 500-2000 Hz, which are determined to be significant contributors to overall DU noise. The first

KALUVAKOTA, SRIKANTH, Ghaisas, Nikhil, Pilz, Fernando

Hybrid 3D Sound Intensity and Simulation for Optimizing Acoustic Output of Truck Rear Axles

2025-01-010505/05/2023

This study presents a novel methodology for optimizing the acoustic performance of rotating machinery by combining scattered 3D sound intensity data with numerical simulations, focusing on the rear axle of a truck. Using Scan&Paint 3D, sound intensity data is rapidly acquired over a large spatial area with the assistance of a 3D sound intensity probe and infrared stereo camera. The experimental data is then integrated into far-field radiation simulations, enabling detailed analysis of the acoustic behavior and accurate predictions of far-field sound radiation. This hybrid approach offers a significant advantage for assessing complex acoustic sources, allowing for quick and reliable evaluation of noise mitigation solutions. While the current application focuses on the truck's rear axle far-field radiation, the same method can be extended to predict in-cabin sound pressure, providing a versatile solution for many industrial problems.

Fernandez Comesana, Daniel, Vael, Georges, Robin, Xavier, Orselli, Joseph, Schmal, Jared

Novel Radiation Therapy Delays Brain Cancer Regrowth

TBMG-4695211/01/2022

Medical Lasers: When the Laser Application Requires Utmost Safety

TBMG-4695111/01/2022

682 Guidance for Air Transport Service Bulletins (TEST POPST CT and APPSEARCH)

ARINC682 (Current)09/21/2022

This document provides industry guidance to supplement ATA standards and airframe requirements, addressing gaps and vague areas to move suppliers/vendors and airframers toward a common standard for format and wording in Vendor Service Bulletins (VSB) for Air Transport components. This document supplements the VSB guidance of iSpec 2200, providing clarity of requirements and resulting in a common standard wording and format of VSBs from all suppliers on all aircraft types. The guidance in this document is intended to be applied to VSBs created and released subsequent to the release of the guidance document and will not require the retroactive update of VSBs released prior to the creation and release of the guidance.

Design and Computational Investigations of Aerobot for Titan with maneuverability using momentum wheel and propeller equipped with droppable weather stations

2022-26-119105/26/2022

Titan, Saturn’s largest moon and the only celestial body which is found to have a landmass composed of liquid hydrocarbons. Nitrogen – The building block of all life that exists on earth is found to be abundant in Titan’s atmosphere of up to 97%. Aerobots provide a great platform for exploring a celestial body with an atmosphere such as Titan. They have modest power requirements, longer mission duration, and can cover a longer distance in a shorter time. They are powered by Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator for optimal mission life. Aerobot’s altitude can be altered by varying the temperature of the air inside the balloon and yaw can be controlled using Reaction Wheel and a motor-driven propeller for forwarding thrust. The proposed Aerobot will be equipped with four miniature deployable fixed weather stations that can be dropped from the aerobot to titan’s surface. They can be deployed at diverse locations such as the equator and Polar Regions to deeply explore the Titan’s climate

Raja, Manoj Kumar, Sivasankaran, Abinash Nataraj, Saravana Mohan, Haribalan, Thangavel, Sabari, R, Vijayanandh, Gnanasekaran, Raj Kumar

Photocatalytic Cabin IAQ System to Eliminate Viruses Encountered in a Conditioned Space

2022-01-022103/29/2022

In a photocatalytic air purifier system, the catalyst that cleans the air is typically titanium dioxide and it is energized by ultraviolet (UV) light. When UV light shines on the titanium dioxide, electrons (negatively charged particles inside atoms) are released at its surface. The electrons interact with water molecules (H2O) in the air, breaking them up into hydroxyl radicals (OH·), which are highly reactive, short-lived, uncharged forms of hydroxide ions (OH−). These small, agile hydroxyl radicals then attack bigger organic (carbon-based like virus) pollutant molecules, breaking apart their chemical bonds and turning them into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water. The author has been conducting research in these systems for the past 4 years to eliminate living organic germs, bacteria; pathogen, etc. from the cabin air. An HVAC system has been developed by using a filter impregnated by titanium di-oxide (TiO2) with UV lights to improve and maintain cabin air quality

Mathur, Gursaran

Development of Thermal detection device for Automotive vehicles to monitor human body heat

2021-26-023209/22/2021

According to research study Epidemics such as SARS, COVID-19 spread have caused huge negative impacts on population health and the economy around the globe. The outbreak placed a huge burden on international health systems that were already straining to address AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and a host of other conditions. Research has proven that if infected person is not found easily then spread of infection in society will takes the shape of large-scale community transmission. Most of the infection spared cause due to infections may go unnoticed from the infected person. One part of the access checker scans a person’s body temperature by measuring infrared radiation emitted by their skin. Fever screening by infrared thermal imaging has become more widespread following the SARS infection, and particularly during the pandemic H1N1 and COVID-19 outbreak. skin temperature measured without contact by monitoring the emitted infrared radiation. Infrared thermal camera that monitor radiations

Pajgade, Sachin Madhukarrao, Bhargava, Aashish

Carburizing and Heat Treatment of Carburizing Grade Steel Parts

AMS2759/7E (Current)09/15/2021

AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee

UV Sensors for Wearables Are Flexible, Sensitive

TBMG-3977009/01/2021

To enable the development of wearable devices that possess advanced ultraviolet (UV) detection functions, scientists have created a new type of light sensor that is both flexible and highly sensitive. A wearable device, such as a T-shirt or watch that monitors the actual personal UV exposure throughout the day, would be a useful and more accurate guide for people seeking to avoid sun damage.

Analyses of Low-Frequency Motorcycle Noise Under Both Steady-State and Transient Operating Conditions

2021-01-110808/31/2021

This paper presents experimental investigations of diagnosing and analyzing the low-frequency, low- SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) noise sources of three motorcycles using a hybrid technology that consists of a passive SODAR (Sonic Detection And Ranging) and modified HELS (Helmholtz Equation Least Squares) methods. The former enables one to determine the precise locations of multiple sound sources in 3D space simultaneously over the entire frequency range that is consistent with a measurement microphone in non-ideal environment, where there are random background noise and unknown interfering signals. The latter enables one to reconstruct all acoustic quantities such as the acoustic pressure, acoustic intensity, time-averaged acoustic power, radiation patterns, and sound transmission paths through arbitrarily shaped vibrating structures. By combining a passive SODAR and modified HELS methods, engineers are able to reveal the low-frequency noise sources that cannot be accomplished by using

Lu, Yazhong, Wu, Sean, Yuan, Zeyu, He, Wen, li, Zhaoting, Li, Huijun

Efficient Integrated Vibro-Acoustic Simulation Methods

2021-01-105508/31/2021

The new trends in industry with for instance the electrification of systems leads to new challenges in the domains of acoustics and vibrations. The tonal noise of electric machines and their gearboxes, masked by the internal combustion engine in traditional vehicles, can now be significantly perceived by passengers, resulting in acoustic discomfort. Industry engineers now need to spend substantial effort in understanding the noise and vibration behavior of such components, with the main objectives of decreasing the weight for functional performance and reducing unpleasant sounds. Efficient vibro-acoustic simulation methods are then necessary to achieve these goals, starting from the modelling techniques up to the actual computation and solution post-processing. A complete workflow fully integrated within a single software platform is shown in this paper to achieve the simulation of a gearbox housing exterior radiation. Multiple physical aspects are included in this numerical solution

Hamiche, Karim

Identification of Low-Frequency/Low SNR Automobile Noise Sources

2021-01-106208/31/2021

This paper presents experimental investigations of determining and analyzing low-frequency, low-SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) noise sources of an automobile by using a new technology known as Sound Viewer. Such a task is typically very difficult to do especially at low or even negative SNR. The underlying principles behind the Sound Viewer technology consists of a passive SODAR (Sonic Detection And Ranging) and HELS (Helmholtz Equation Least Squares) method. The former enables one to determine the precise locations of multiple sound sources in 3D space simultaneously over the entire frequency range consistent with a measurement microphone in non-ideal environment, where there are random background noise and unknown interfering signals. The latter enables one to reconstruct all acoustic quantities such as the acoustic pressure, acoustic intensity, time-averaged acoustic power, radiation patterns, etc. By combining a passive SODAR and modified HELS methods, engineers will be able to

Lu, Yazhong, Wu, Sean, Yuan, Zeyu, He, Wen, Li, Zhaoting, Li, Huijun

Minimum Standard for Portable Gaseous, Oxygen Equipment

AS1046C (Historical)

08/11/2021

This standard is intended to apply to portable compressed gaseous oxygen equipment. When properly configured, this equipment is used either for the administration of supplemental oxygen, first aid oxygen or smoke protection to one or more occupants of either private or commercial transport aircraft. This standard is applicable to the following types of portable oxygen equipment: a Continuous flow 1 Pre-set 2 Adjustable 3 Automatic b Demand flow 1 Straight-demand 2 Diluter-demand 3 Pressure-demand c Combination continuous flow and demand flow.

A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee

Assembly and Soldering Criteria for High Quality/High Reliability Soldering Wire and Cable Termination in Aerospace Vehicles

AS4461D (Current)

07/23/2021

This standard is applicable to manual soldering and machine soldering processes utilizing controlled soldering devices, for electrical connections for wiring and cabling used in aerospace vehicles. Description of a component or device herein is not to be construed as authorizing the use of the component or device.

AE-8A Elec Wiring and Fiber Optic Interconnect Sys Install

Assembly and Soldering Criteria for High Quality/High Reliability Soldering Wire and Cable Termination in Aerospace Vehicles

AS4461D-TEST-REC (Historical)07/23/2021

AE-8A Elec Wiring and Fiber Optic Interconnect Sys Install

Polishing Compound, Aircraft Metal

AMS1650D (Current)

05/06/2021

This specification covers a polishing compound for aircraft metals in the form of a liquid or paste.

AMS J Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals and Materials Committee

Cast Aluminum Alloy Composite 4.6Cu - 3.4Ti - 1.4B - 0.75Ag - 0.27Mg (205.0/TiB2/3p-T7P) Investment Cast, Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated

AMS4471B (Historical)

04/22/2021

This specification covers a dilute aluminum/TiB2 metal matrix composite in the form of investment castings.

AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee

Metal Powder Feedstock Size Classifications

AMS7025 (Current)

04/22/2021

This specification covers particle size classifications and corresponding particle size distribution requirements for metal powder feedstock conforming to a classification.

AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals

Metal Powder Feedstock Size Classifications

AMS7025-TEST-REC (Historical)04/22/2021

This specification covers particle size classifications and corresponding particle size distribution requirements for metal powder feedstock conforming to a classification.

AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals

Formaldehydes Measurement Using Laser Spectroscopic Gas Analyzer

2021-01-060404/06/2021

The use of alternative fuels, especially oxygenated fuels in automobile engines, has been increasing owing to the stringent global fuel economy and emission regulations. As a result, it is concerned that the emissions of alcohols and aldehydes have increased significantly. Aldehydes, formaldehyde (HCHO) in particular, are non-criteria pollutants that are acutely toxic and/or carcinogenic. Several reports have associated HCHO with potential lung and airway cancers. Therefore, emission regulations for these compounds have already been implemented in several areas worldwide. The conventional measurement (impinger, etc.) methods for HCHO possess advantages and disadvantages. HCHO can be measured with high sensitivity if measured in a batch. However, in real-time measurements, low concentration measurements are challenging. To overcome this challenge, a real-time HCHO analyzer for low concentration measurement of 0.1 ppm resolution in real time of 10Hz was developed in this study based on

Hara, Kenji, Shibuya, Kyoji, Nagura, Naoki, Hanada, Takaaki, Tsurumi, Kazuya

Research on Photobiological Safety of Automotive Active Infrared Detection System

2021-01-007204/06/2021

The automotive active infrared detection system is usually applied to the night driver assistance system or the diver attention monitoring system. However, the infrared light emitted by the active infrared detection system can cause damage to retina, cornea and eye crystals. This paper has studied the photobiological safety of the infrared light source used in the automotive active infrared detection system. Although it has been already have the general requirements of photobiological safety in international standards, there is not any requirements for automotive active infrared detection system. The range of the active infrared detection system depends on the radiation intensity of the infrared light source, but too much radiation intensity will cause harm to retina, cornea and eye lens when the infrared light source is too close to eyes. Based on the international standards, this paper has analyzed the retinal thermal hazard and the harm to skin and eyes caused by infrared radiation

Hu, Yue, Zhu, Tong, Li, Qian, Yang, Xiong

INRS Researchers Design the World’s Fastest UV Camera

TBMG-3863103/01/2021

Imagine being able to snap a picture of extremely fast events on the order of a picosecond. Compressed ultrafast photography (CUP) captures the entire process in real time and unparalleled resolution with just one click. The spatial and temporal information is first compressed into an image and then, using a reconstruction algorithm, it is converted into a video.

High-Brightness Source of Coherent Light Spanning From the UV to THz

TBMG-3862703/01/2021

An international team of scientists reports a novel technique for a high-brightness coherent and few-cycle duration source spanning seven optical octaves from the UV to the THz.

Plating, Nickel Low-Stressed Deposit

AMS2424G (Current)

02/26/2021

This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited low-stressed nickel.

AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee

Weather Support to Deicing Decision Making (WSDDM) Winter Weather Nowcasting System

AS5537A (Current)

02/10/2021

The purpose of this SAE Aerospace Standard is to provide guidelines for the components and configurations that define the research and commercial versions of the Weather Support to Deicing Decision Making (WSDDM) winter weather nowcasting system.

G-12M Methods Committee

Photoreceptor System for Melatonin Regulation and Phototherapy

TBMG-3850002/01/2021

Light is the primary stimulus for regulating circadian rhythms, seasonal cycles, and neuroendocrine responses in many species including humans. During the past 20 years, studies have tested the use of light for treating fall and winter depression (Seasonal Affective Disorder or SAD), non-seasonal depression, sleep disorders, menstrual dysfunction, and eating disorders. In addition, investigators are exploring the use of light for reentraining human circadian physiology relative to the challenge of shift work or intercontinental air travel.

4D Printing of Morphing Structures

TBMG-3849402/01/2021

Soft robots and biomedical implants that reconfigure themselves upon demand are closer to reality with a new way to print shapeshifting materials. Researchers have developed a method to print objects that can be manipulated to take on alternate forms when exposed to changes in temperature, electric current, or stress.

Army and Universities Deploy New Warfighter Communication Technology

21AERP02_0602/01/2021

Researchers from the U.S. Army and the University of Maryland, College Park, have developed a controller for deploying robots that forms antenna arrays to maintain longer-range wireless communication. Antennas are distributed between mobile robots, allowing the controller to autonomously guide robots to create and maintain a reliable wireless communication network in challenging battlefield environments. Recent progress in antenna design for the lower bands of the very high frequency, or VHF, range and corresponding research shows it is possible to form multi-robot antenna arrays, said, researcher with the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command's.

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