Browse Topic: Radiation

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Electro Magnetic Radiation Analysis for the Vehicle Cable and Shielding Techniques and Performance Assessment2026-26-05631/16/2026
This paper addresses the challenges and methodologies for evaluating radiated emissions from automotive electronic systems, which is critical for achieving electromagnetic interference and compatibility (EMI/EMC) standards. The rapid integration of advanced electronic components in modern vehicles has transformed automotive systems, their potential to generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) becomes a significant concern, particularly due to its impact on vital communication and safety systems. The study mainly investigates radiated EMI, which is the unintentional emission of electromagnetic energy emitted by HV cables in the wiring harness layout, potentially disrupting the operation of nearby systems. This study utilized CST Studio Suite to analyse the electromagnetic behaviour of vertically and horizontally polarized antenna configuration in electric vehicles. The simulated results are benchmarked against international EMI/EMC standards such as CISPR-12 and CISPR-25, which
MANUELRAJ, MASILAMANI, Narayanan, Siva Suriya, prasad PhD, Suryanarayana
OPTIMIZER SUNSHADE PACKAGING WITH HALF ALUMINIUM CASSET AND METAL PULL BAR2026-26-05971/16/2026
The automotive industry is advancing rapidly with the integration of cutting-edge technology, aesthetics, and performance. One area that has remained relatively underexplored in the pursuit of sleek, minimalistic interiors is the Sunshade packaging in door trim system. Traditional sunshade design, often bulky and are increasingly incompatible with the trend towards compact. Car sunshade is a shield that is placed on a car side window, and it is used for regulating the amount of light entering from the car window and improves the passenger comfort inside the cabin. Car Interior components specifically plastic and seats based on thermal stress properties. When we exposed these parts direct contact with sunlight, humidity and ambient temperature above threshold limit then interior plastic parts can start softening and melt after that they emit harmful chemical which is caused to anemia and poor immune systems. So, Sunshade protection not only serve to protect passenger comfort inside car
palyal, Nikita, D, GOWTHAM, BHASKARARAO, PATHIVADA, bornare, harshad, RITESH, KAKADE
Electric mobility and materials circularity - a study of recycled PET textiles for automotive interiors2026-26-02371/16/2026
The adoption of sustainability in electric mobility has made it crucial to investigate environmentally friendly materials. Polymer materials used in automotive application plays very important role in material circularity contributing significant value addition to the overall carbon footprint index. This study discloses the development of recycled polyester textiles from PET bottle waste, use for automotive interior parts and carbon footprint impact. The use of recycled textiles is directly helping the organization in scope 3 emissions to get the lower carbon footprint value by eliminating the use of fossil fuel resources in making the PET textiles. In this study, the development road map methodology adopted, and validation cycle of recycled polyester textiles (PET) were explained broadly with results of different constructions, color and finishes against automotive critical requirements such as sun load UV resistance, abrasion durability, color migrations, soiling resistance
Palaniappan, Elavarasan, Varatharajan, Senthilkumaran, Balaji, K V, Dodiya, Rohanbhai
Cabin Heat-up Thermal Assessment for Human Comfort in Passenger Car2026-26-04081/16/2026
The HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air conditioning) system is designed to fulfil the thermal comfort requirement inside vehicle cabin. Thermal comfort is significantly subjective which predominantly dependent on occupant’s physiological condition. Vehicle AC performance is evaluated by air flow and local temperature thus, thermal comfort assessment is carried out by mapping of velocity and temperature at various places inside cabin. There is need to have Simulation methodology for heating cabin during cold climate to assess ventilation system effectiveness. Thermal comfort modelling involves human manikin, complex cabin material along with environmental condition in expensive transient simulation. Present study employed with LBM (Lattice-Boltzmann Method) based PowerFLOW solver coupled with finite element based PowerTHERM solver to simulate the cold soaking and heating up of cabin. Thermal comfort is subjective to human physiological modelling thus in-built Berkeley human comfort
Baghel, Devesh Kumar, Kandekar, Ambadas, Kumar, Ravi, Dimble, Nilesh
Hybrid 3D Sound Intensity and Simulation for Optimizing Acoustic Output of Truck Rear Axles2025-01-01055/5/2023
This study presents a novel methodology for optimizing the acoustic performance of rotating machinery by combining scattered 3D sound intensity data with numerical simulations, focusing on the rear axle of a truck. Using Scan&Paint 3D, sound intensity data is rapidly acquired over a large spatial area with the assistance of a 3D sound intensity probe and infrared stereo camera. The experimental data is then integrated into far-field radiation simulations, enabling detailed analysis of the acoustic behavior and accurate predictions of far-field sound radiation. This hybrid approach offers a significant advantage for assessing complex acoustic sources, allowing for quick and reliable evaluation of noise mitigation solutions. While the current application focuses on the truck's rear axle far-field radiation, the same method can be extended to predict in-cabin sound pressure, providing a versatile solution for many industrial problems.
Fernandez Comesana, Daniel, Vael, Georges, Robin, Xavier, Orselli, Joseph, Schmal, Jared
Prediction and Optimization of Noise radiation from a Heavy-Duty Commercial Vehicle Transmission using Statistical Energy Analysis2025-01-00515/5/2023
Heavy Duty (HD) linehaul vehicles are majorly used in transportation of goods and heavy loads between different cities or long distances. Considering the current trend, payload capacity of these heavy-duty trucks are increasing due to constant increase in the load demand. Due to which engine torques of these HD vehicles are increasing which in turn increases the transmission input torque. At higher torque levels, gear excitation also increases and transmission becomes more susceptible towards higher noise radiation. Global vehicle pass-by noise regulations for HD commercial vehicles are becoming more stringent. Historically transmissions have been considered a secondary noise source but with overall HD vehicle noise becoming quieter, the transmission can be more of a significant noise contributor. Hence, noise radiation from the transmission is also an important factor to be considered in the design phase. Gear whine is the major concern for sound radiation from the transmission. The
Rastogi, Sarthak, Milind, T. R.
Directivity driven simulation methodology for efficient Acoustic Encapsulation2025-01-00485/5/2023
Noise Reduction at the source level is critical to achieve the overall vehicle level interior targets. This method presents a novel approach that integrates directivity analysis with simulation techniques to optimize acoustic encapsulation design for automotive sound sources to achieve the targeted radiation levels. The foundation for this methodology is to measure the angular distribution of sound pressure levels around the noise source so called Directivity, at every frequency of interest and determine the most effective Acoustic encapsulation to achieve the targeted sound radiation. Accurate measurement of directivity in physical testing with fine angular resolutions can be complex and expensive, this study utilizes numerical simulation techniques using FEA to mitigate the challenges in mid frequency range. The scope of the study is focused on mid frequency sound pressure levels between 500-2000 Hz, which are determined to be significant contributors to overall DU noise. The first
KALUVAKOTA, SRIKANTH, Ghaisas, Nikhil, Pilz, Fernando
Novel Radiation Therapy Delays Brain Cancer RegrowthTBMG-4695211/1/2022
Medical Lasers: When the Laser Application Requires Utmost SafetyTBMG-4695111/1/2022
Design and Computational Investigations of Aerobot for Titan with maneuverability using momentum wheel and propeller equipped with droppable weather stations 2022-26-11915/26/2022
Titan, Saturn’s largest moon and the only celestial body which is found to have a landmass composed of liquid hydrocarbons. Nitrogen – The building block of all life that exists on earth is found to be abundant in Titan’s atmosphere of up to 97%. Aerobots provide a great platform for exploring a celestial body with an atmosphere such as Titan. They have modest power requirements, longer mission duration, and can cover a longer distance in a shorter time. They are powered by Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator for optimal mission life. Aerobot’s altitude can be altered by varying the temperature of the air inside the balloon and yaw can be controlled using Reaction Wheel and a motor-driven propeller for forwarding thrust. The proposed Aerobot will be equipped with four miniature deployable fixed weather stations that can be dropped from the aerobot to titan’s surface. They can be deployed at diverse locations such as the equator and Polar Regions to deeply explore the Titan’s climate
Raja, Manoj Kumar, Sivasankaran, Abinash Nataraj, Saravana Mohan, Haribalan, Thangavel, Sabari, R, Vijayanandh, Gnanasekaran, Raj Kumar
Photocatalytic Cabin IAQ System to Eliminate Viruses Encountered in a Conditioned Space2022-01-02213/29/2022
In a photocatalytic air purifier system, the catalyst that cleans the air is typically titanium dioxide and it is energized by ultraviolet (UV) light. When UV light shines on the titanium dioxide, electrons (negatively charged particles inside atoms) are released at its surface. The electrons interact with water molecules (H2O) in the air, breaking them up into hydroxyl radicals (OH·), which are highly reactive, short-lived, uncharged forms of hydroxide ions (OH−). These small, agile hydroxyl radicals then attack bigger organic (carbon-based like virus) pollutant molecules, breaking apart their chemical bonds and turning them into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water. The author has been conducting research in these systems for the past 4 years to eliminate living organic germs, bacteria; pathogen, etc. from the cabin air. An HVAC system has been developed by using a filter impregnated by titanium di-oxide (TiO2) with UV lights to improve and maintain cabin air quality
Mathur, Gursaran
Development of Thermal detection device for Automotive vehicles to monitor human body heat2021-26-02329/22/2021
According to research study Epidemics such as SARS, COVID-19 spread have caused huge negative impacts on population health and the economy around the globe. The outbreak placed a huge burden on international health systems that were already straining to address AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and a host of other conditions. Research has proven that if infected person is not found easily then spread of infection in society will takes the shape of large-scale community transmission. Most of the infection spared cause due to infections may go unnoticed from the infected person. One part of the access checker scans a person’s body temperature by measuring infrared radiation emitted by their skin. Fever screening by infrared thermal imaging has become more widespread following the SARS infection, and particularly during the pandemic H1N1 and COVID-19 outbreak. skin temperature measured without contact by monitoring the emitted infrared radiation. Infrared thermal camera that monitor radiations
Pajgade, Sachin Madhukarrao, Bhargava, Aashish
UV Sensors for Wearables Are Flexible, SensitiveTBMG-397709/1/2021
To enable the development of wearable devices that possess advanced ultraviolet (UV) detection functions, scientists have created a new type of light sensor that is both flexible and highly sensitive. A wearable device, such as a T-shirt or watch that monitors the actual personal UV exposure throughout the day, would be a useful and more accurate guide for people seeking to avoid sun damage.
Efficient Integrated Vibro-Acoustic Simulation Methods2021-01-10558/31/2021
The new trends in industry with for instance the electrification of systems leads to new challenges in the domains of acoustics and vibrations. The tonal noise of electric machines and their gearboxes, masked by the internal combustion engine in traditional vehicles, can now be significantly perceived by passengers, resulting in acoustic discomfort. Industry engineers now need to spend substantial effort in understanding the noise and vibration behavior of such components, with the main objectives of decreasing the weight for functional performance and reducing unpleasant sounds. Efficient vibro-acoustic simulation methods are then necessary to achieve these goals, starting from the modelling techniques up to the actual computation and solution post-processing. A complete workflow fully integrated within a single software platform is shown in this paper to achieve the simulation of a gearbox housing exterior radiation. Multiple physical aspects are included in this numerical solution
Hamiche, Karim
Identification of Low-Frequency/Low SNR Automobile Noise Sources2021-01-10628/31/2021
This paper presents experimental investigations of determining and analyzing low-frequency, low-SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) noise sources of an automobile by using a new technology known as Sound Viewer. Such a task is typically very difficult to do especially at low or even negative SNR. The underlying principles behind the Sound Viewer technology consists of a passive SODAR (Sonic Detection And Ranging) and HELS (Helmholtz Equation Least Squares) method. The former enables one to determine the precise locations of multiple sound sources in 3D space simultaneously over the entire frequency range consistent with a measurement microphone in non-ideal environment, where there are random background noise and unknown interfering signals. The latter enables one to reconstruct all acoustic quantities such as the acoustic pressure, acoustic intensity, time-averaged acoustic power, radiation patterns, etc. By combining a passive SODAR and modified HELS methods, engineers will be able to
Lu, Yazhong, Wu, Sean, Yuan, Zeyu, He, Wen, Li, Zhaoting, Li, Huijun
Analyses of Low-Frequency Motorcycle Noise Under Both Steady-State and Transient Operating Conditions2021-01-11088/31/2021
This paper presents experimental investigations of diagnosing and analyzing the low-frequency, low- SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) noise sources of three motorcycles using a hybrid technology that consists of a passive SODAR (Sonic Detection And Ranging) and modified HELS (Helmholtz Equation Least Squares) methods. The former enables one to determine the precise locations of multiple sound sources in 3D space simultaneously over the entire frequency range that is consistent with a measurement microphone in non-ideal environment, where there are random background noise and unknown interfering signals. The latter enables one to reconstruct all acoustic quantities such as the acoustic pressure, acoustic intensity, time-averaged acoustic power, radiation patterns, and sound transmission paths through arbitrarily shaped vibrating structures. By combining a passive SODAR and modified HELS methods, engineers are able to reveal the low-frequency noise sources that cannot be accomplished by using
Lu, Yazhong, Wu, Sean, Yuan, Zeyu, He, Wen, li, Zhaoting, Li, Huijun
Research on Photobiological Safety of Automotive Active Infrared Detection System2021-01-00724/6/2021
The automotive active infrared detection system is usually applied to the night driver assistance system or the diver attention monitoring system. However, the infrared light emitted by the active infrared detection system can cause damage to retina, cornea and eye crystals. This paper has studied the photobiological safety of the infrared light source used in the automotive active infrared detection system. Although it has been already have the general requirements of photobiological safety in international standards, there is not any requirements for automotive active infrared detection system. The range of the active infrared detection system depends on the radiation intensity of the infrared light source, but too much radiation intensity will cause harm to retina, cornea and eye lens when the infrared light source is too close to eyes. Based on the international standards, this paper has analyzed the retinal thermal hazard and the harm to skin and eyes caused by infrared radiation
Hu, Yue, Zhu, Tong, Li, Qian, Yang, Xiong
INRS Researchers Design the World’s Fastest UV CameraTBMG-386313/1/2021
Imagine being able to snap a picture of extremely fast events on the order of a picosecond. Compressed ultrafast photography (CUP) captures the entire process in real time and unparalleled resolution with just one click. The spatial and temporal information is first compressed into an image and then, using a reconstruction algorithm, it is converted into a video.
High-Brightness Source of Coherent Light Spanning From the UV to THzTBMG-386273/1/2021
An international team of scientists reports a novel technique for a high-brightness coherent and few-cycle duration source spanning seven optical octaves from the UV to the THz.
Photoreceptor System for Melatonin Regulation and PhototherapyTBMG-385002/1/2021
Light is the primary stimulus for regulating circadian rhythms, seasonal cycles, and neuroendocrine responses in many species including humans. During the past 20 years, studies have tested the use of light for treating fall and winter depression (Seasonal Affective Disorder or SAD), non-seasonal depression, sleep disorders, menstrual dysfunction, and eating disorders. In addition, investigators are exploring the use of light for reentraining human circadian physiology relative to the challenge of shift work or intercontinental air travel.
4D Printing of Morphing StructuresTBMG-384942/1/2021
Soft robots and biomedical implants that reconfigure themselves upon demand are closer to reality with a new way to print shapeshifting materials. Researchers have developed a method to print objects that can be manipulated to take on alternate forms when exposed to changes in temperature, electric current, or stress.
Army and Universities Deploy New Warfighter Communication Technology21AERP02_062/1/2021
Researchers from the U.S. Army and the University of Maryland, College Park, have developed a controller for deploying robots that forms antenna arrays to maintain longer-range wireless communication. Antennas are distributed between mobile robots, allowing the controller to autonomously guide robots to create and maintain a reliable wireless communication network in challenging battlefield environments. Recent progress in antenna design for the lower bands of the very high frequency, or VHF, range and corresponding research shows it is possible to form multi-robot antenna arrays, said, researcher with the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command's.
New Semiconductor Detector Shows Promise for Medical DiagnosticsTBMG-385582/1/2021
Northwestern University researchers have developed new devices based on a low-cost material to aid in the detection and identification of radioactive isotopes. Using cesium lead bromide in the form of perovskite crystals, the research team found that they were able to create highly efficient detectors in both small, portable devices for field researchers and in very large detectors. The results are more than a decade in the making.
Scientists Propose Laser Scalpel with a ‘Curved’ BladeTBMG-383111/1/2021
Scientists from Tomsk Polytechnic University and Saratov State University teamed up with colleagues from Taiwan and proposed to make a laser “blade” for a medical scalpel with a specified curved shape using a photonic “hook.” Currently there are laser scalpels only with an axisymmetric focus area, i.e., with a cylindrical blade. According to scientists, changing the shape of the blade will expand the possibilities of using the laser in medicine, while it is about two times thinner than the cylindrical option. The concept and its rationale are published in the Journal of Biophotonics.
Inexpensive Method Decontaminates Personal Protective EquipmentTBMG-383621/1/2021
Supply-chain problems stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic caused limited supplies of filtering facepiece respirators such as N95 masks. Yet strategies to decontaminate personal protective equipment (PPE) remain unresolved in many hospitals with limited resources, both in the United States and abroad.
3D Printed Bioink-Loaded Stents Treat InflammationTBMG-383281/1/2021
Pohang University of Science and Technology Gyeongbuk, Korea
Tiny Devices Promise New Horizon for Medical ImagingTBMG-3807411/1/2020
Miniature devices that could be developed into safe, high-resolution imaging technology, with uses such as helping doctors identify potentially deadly cancers and treat them early, have been created in research involving the University of Strathclyde.
Detector Senses X-Rays Over a Broad Energy RangeTBMG-3797311/1/2020
Getting an X-ray remains a little risky, as radiation exposure has been linked to an increased risk of cancer; however, researchers have discovered a new way to generate precise X-ray images with a lower amount of exposure.
Algorithm Defends Against Side-Channel Attacks on HardwareTBMG-3782010/1/2020
Electronic devices that used to rely on passwords now use Touch ID or face-recognition software. But protecting software is only one part of electronic security — hardware is also susceptible to attacks. Devices such as remote car keys, cable boxes, and even credit card chips are all vulnerable to hardware attacks, mostly because of their design. These devices are small and lightweight and typically operate on minimal power. Engineers optimize designs, so the devices can work within these low-power constraints.
T-Ray Camera Speed Boosted a Hundred Times OverTBMG-376789/1/2020
Scientists from University of Warwick and Chinese University of Hong Kong have refined a new type of camera to make it a hundred times faster than the previous state of the art. The technique utilizes terahertz radiation, or Trays, that sit in-between infrared and Wi-Fi on the electromagnetic spectrum. Trays can ‘see’ through common materials such as plastics and clothing but are non-ionizing — making them ideal for non-invasive screening.
Biomaterial Shields Against Harmful RadiationTBMG-376409/1/2020
Researchers have synthesized a new form of melanin enriched with selenium. Called selenomelanin, the new biomaterial shows promise as a shield for human tissue against harmful radiation.
4D Printing of Morphing StructuresTBMG-373948/1/2020
Soft robots and biomedical implants that reconfigure themselves upon demand are closer to reality with a new way to print shapeshifting materials. Researchers have developed a method to print objects that can be manipulated to take on alternate forms when exposed to changes in temperature, electric current, or stress.
Polymer Composite for Radiation ShieldingTBMG-374828/1/2020
A material consisting of a polymer compound embedded with bismuth trioxide particles holds potential for replacing conventional radiation shielding materials such as lead. The bismuth trioxide compound is lightweight, effective at shielding against ionizing radiation such as gamma rays, and can be manufactured quickly — making it a promising material for use in applications such as space exploration, medical imaging, and radiation therapy.
Directional UAV Localization of Power Line Ultraviolet CoronaTBMG-374838/1/2020
NASA’s Langley Research Center has developed a novel system that uses an ultraviolet camera to detect, inspect, and analyze a corona discharge. This discharge signifies a power line fault, making the technology ideal for use in power line inspections. When coupled to a drone, the technology offers the ability to remotely monitor power lines in a cost-effective way. Adding GPS technology results in precise location of power line faults.
Researchers Develop New X-Ray DetectorTBMG-372477/1/2020
Scientists have identified a new class of x-ray detectors based on layered perovskites, a semiconducting material also used in some other types of applications such as solar cells and light-emitting diodes. The detector with the new material is 100 times more sensitive than conventional, silicon-based x-ray detectors.
New Tech Takes Radiation Out of Cancer ScreeningTBMG-369185/1/2020
A new, inexpensive technology could save lives and money by routinely screening women for breast cancer without exposure to radiation. The system uses harmless microwaves and artificial intelligence (AI) software to detect even small, early-stage tumors within minutes.
Radiation-Hardened Gain DigitizerTBMG-368325/1/2020
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center has developed a digitizer that can process a wide range of low-level signals in the presence of ionizing radiation. This novel digitizer overcomes the disadvantages of current technology including limited gain of the frontend amplifier circuits to fixed values, and amplifier saturation from the use of bandpass filtering rather than autozero.
Disposable Device Treats Severe Side-Effect of CancerTBMG-369125/1/2020
BrainCool AB, a Swedish medical device company that specializes in medical cooling technology for therapeutic hypothermia (brain cooling) and oncology, has completed patient recruitment in the Scandinavian multi-center pivotal trial of 180 patients to investigate its Cooral® System for prevention of oral mucositis (OM), one of the most debilitating side-effects of both standard and high-dose chemotherapeutic oncology treatments.
High-Area Rapid 3D PrintingTBMG-363874/1/2020
High-Area Rapid Printing (HARP) enables a record-breaking throughput that can manufacture products on demand. The prototype HARP system is 13 feet tall with a 2.5-square-foot print bed and can print about half a yard in an hour. It can print single, large parts or many different small parts at once.
Human Health Risk Assessment of Space Radiation2020-01-00203/10/2020
Mars has been the topic of colonization and discovery for the last few decades but there have been hindrances in implementing the mission. This focus on Mars colonization has only deepened after the discovery of water on its surface. The discovery of water on Mars has led researchers to believe that its sustainability of life is higher than any other uncolonized planet. Although, life can survive on Mars, it is highly unethical to send communities to Mars without acknowledging the risks, especially those concerning the well being of humans. The risks of living on Mars are slowly unraveling through extensive research, but it is evident that certain health care measures must be taken in order to prevent potentially fatal conditions. One of the biggest problems is health concerns that astronauts face after returning from Mars. Health problems in space have been increasingly difficult to deal with because of the lasting circumstances that astronauts suffer upon returning back to Earth. As
Rajkumar, Ashmita
RAD-HARD Microelectronics for Space ApplicationsTBMG-360712/1/2020
For orbiting satellites, design requirements are extensive as a result of the extreme environment in space, including wide-ranging and rapidly changing temperatures, satellite body charging effects and high-energy particle bombardment and radiation. These dynamics drive the need for high-reliability engineering concepts for all system components. In the case of microelectronics, this takes a unique form and drives innovation for techniques to overcome these damaging effects.
RAD-HARD Microelectronics for Space Applications20AERP02_012/1/2020
For orbiting satellites, design requirements are extensive as a result of the extreme environment in space, including wide-ranging and rapidly changing temperatures, satellite body charging effects and high-energy particle bombardment and radiation. These dynamics drive the need for high-reliability engineering concepts for all system components. In the case of microelectronics, this takes a unique form and drives innovation for techniques to overcome these damaging effects.
Heat-Regulating Material for Next-Generation Space BlanketTBMG-3572012/1/2019
Drawing design inspiration from the skin of squid, researchers developed an adaptive space blanket that gives users the ability to control their temperature. The drawback to current Mylar heat-regulating blankets is static. The new material has changeable properties to regulate how much heat is trapped or released.
New Silk Materials Can Wrinkle into Detailed Patterns, Then Unwrinkle to Be “Reprinted”TBMG-3562012/1/2019
Researchers at Tufts University School of Engineering have developed silk materials that can wrinkle into highly detailed patterns — including words, textures, and images as intricate as a QR code or a fingerprint. The patterns take about one second to form, are stable, but can be erased by flooding the surface of the silk with vapor, allowing the researchers to “reverse” the printing and start again. In an article published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the researchers demonstrate examples of the silk wrinkle patterns, and envision a wide range of potential applications for optical electronic devices.1
Analysis of Metal Pick-Up Formation Process within Automotive Brake Pad05-13-01-000311/19/2019
Metal Pick-Up (MPU) is a problematic phenomenon in automotive disc brakes. MPU generally forms as some metal lumps on the surface of the brake pad. If brake pads have MPU, during braking they would cause grooving of the disc rotor, generating brake noise and deteriorating the performance of the brake. The previous literature has so far reported that the source of the MPU is an Fe component from a disc rotor or brake pads. However, only a few of the generation mechanisms of MPU have been proven. We investigate MPU to completely elucidate the mechanism of MPU generation by using different analyses than the previous literature. First, to find out the source of MPU generation, we focus on the chemical reaction of a certain component with wear debris during braking, and some of the verification experiments are conducted under the conditions of simulated friction interface. Second, to clarify the change in the form of the MPU growth process, the crystal structure of MPU is analyzed in detail
Noda, Hirokazu, Takei, Takahiro
Ultraviolet Rays Quickly Bash Bacteria on Mobile DevicesTBMG-3534310/1/2019
Ultraviolet light has been used for more than 30 years as a source of disinfectant. A newly introduced product uses the technology to eliminate bacteria on cell phones, tablets and other mobile devices in 20 seconds, and is used worldwide in healthcare facilities, biotech manufacturing plants, and even food processing facilities.
Precise Temperature Measurements with Invisible LightTBMG-351399/1/2019
A portable, stable, standards-quality radiation thermometer was invented that can measure temperatures between -50 °C (-58 °F) to 150 °C (302 °F). The corresponding infrared wavelengths are from 8 to 14 micrometers.
Terahertz Data Links Without Direct Line of SightTBMG-351439/1/2019
Today’s cellular networks and Wi-Fi systems rely on microwave radiation to carry data but the demand for more bandwidth is quickly becoming more than microwaves can handle. That has researchers thinking about transmitting data on higher-frequency terahertz waves, which have as much as 100 times the data-carrying capacity of microwaves. But terahertz communication technology is in its infancy — there is much basic research to be done and plenty of challenges to overcome.
Graphene Field Effect Transistors for Radiation Detection (GFET-RS)TBMG-351489/1/2019
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center developed novel transistor technology based on a single graphene layer coupled to a radiation absorber substrate. Unlike conventional charge-sensing detectors, the GFET-RS utilizes the sensitive dependence of graphene conductance on local change of the electric field, which can be induced by interaction of radiation with the underlying absorber substrate.
Method Uses Ultraviolet Light to Control Fluid Flow and Organize ParticlesTBMG-349078/1/2019
A new method uses ultraviolet light to control the flow of fluids by encouraging particles — from plastic microbeads, to bacterial spores, to pollutants — to gather and organize at a specific location within a liquid and, if desired, move to new locations.
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