Browse Topic: Consumer preferences

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Research on Intake Sound Tuning Method by Valve Timing Modification for Enhance Sound Quality in V6 Outboard Engine2024-32-005904/18/2025
This paper explores methods to enhance the sound quality of V6 outboard engines. Previous research in the boat and outboard engine domain has underscored the importance of enhancing sound quality. Specific preferences and desired directions for outboard engine sound quality have been identified. It’s been suggested that controlling intake sound and gear noise is important to achieving desired sound quality according to customer preferences. However, there are few examples of methods for achieving this. This study aims to develop methods for enhancing sound quality by emphasizing low-frequency sounds through intake sound. Initially, various methods were evaluated, and intake valve timing modification was chosen. Simple simulations confirmed that delaying valve timing for some cylinders may introduce characteristics that are not present in conventional cases. Subsequent 1D simulations identified optimal intake valve timing, balancing intake pressure characteristics and horsepower
Muramatsu, Hideta, Matsumoto, Taro, Naoe, Gaku, Kondo, Takashi
Leveraging user feedback to optimize the tuning of EVSE models2025-01-002005/05/2023
The implementation of active sound design models in vehicles requires precise tuning of synthetic sounds to harmonize with existing interior noise, driving conditions, and driver preferences. This tuning process is often time-consuming and intricate, especially facing various driving styles and preferences of target customers. Incorporating user feedback into the tuning process of Electric Vehicle Sound Enhancement (EVSE) offers a solution. A user-focused empirical test drive approach can be assessed, providing a comprehensive understanding of the EVSE characteristics and highlighting areas for improvement. Although effective, the process includes many manual tasks, such as transcribing driver comments, classifying feedback, and identifying clusters. By integrating driving simulator technology to the test drive assessment method and employing machine learning algorithms for evaluation, the EVSE workflow can be more seamlessly integrated. But do the simulated test drive results
Hank, Stefan, Kamp, Fabian, Gomes Lobato, Thiago Henrique
Navigating Evolving Vehicle NVH Challenges with Application of Emerging Technologies in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning2025-01-013005/05/2023
The multifaceted, fast-paced evolution in the automotive industry includes noise and vibration (NVH) behavior of products for regulatory requirements and ever-increasing customer preferences and expectations for comfort. There is pressing need for automotive engineers to explore new and advanced technologies to achieve a ‘First Time Right’ product development approach for NVH design and deliver high-quality products in shorter timeframes. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are trending transformative technologies reshaping numerous industries. AI enables machines to replicate human cognitive functions, such as reasoning and decision-making, while ML, a branch of AI, employs algorithms that allow systems to learn and improve from data over time. The purpose of the paper is to show an approach of using machine learning techniques to analyze the impact of variations in structural design parameters on vehicle NVH responses. The study begins by executing the Design of
Miskin, Atul R., Parmar, Azan, Raj, Sonia, himakuntla, Uma Maheswar
Factors Affecting the Willingness to Use Automated Buses: A Survey from China2020-01-514112/30/2020
With the development of autonomous driving technology, automated buses have begun trial operations in many cities around the world, and marketization has become an important issue. In order to explore the influencing factors of the public's willingness to use automated buses, two rounds of surveys were conducted. Firstly, the importance of the attributes of automated buses was studied, based on which questionnaires on willingness to use automated buses were designed. Using data from 266 questionnaires collected, a logistic regression model was established. Model results show that demographic variables and historical travel behavior characteristics will have a significant impact. Women are less willing to choose automated buses than men, and older people aged above 50 are more likely to use the mode. People who often use regular buses to travel have higher willingness to choose automated buses than people using other modes. Among people using other modes including private cars, subways
Xi, Haijiao, Wu, Zhongyi, Zhou, Hongmei, Yi, Maomao
Brake Pedal felling correlation with female shoe and feet position2019-36-001501/13/2020
The female market share has increase every year, for some segments we have a majority of female buyers. Working with this tendency we work to understand the impact and the dislikes that we may be facing in the near future due to the costumer habits, and also understand what can be done to improve this relationship. This paper will discuss the feeling correlation between the foot position, heel point, drivers knee and the feeling of the brake pedal. We need to consider the difference between different shoe sole design and the impact on the point of force apply and angles resulting a costumer perception of the brake feeling of the vehicle. Based on Market research, math model studies and simulation, experiments done at the vehicle and measurements considering different situations we will show that the felling can be affected using different shoes and the brake performance perception can be also affected. We conclude the paper with the comments on what should be consider guaranteeing the
Buganza, Giorgia, Utyike, Fernando, Raposo, Fabio, Godinho, Eduardo
Familiarity Breeds Respect19AVEP11_0811/01/2019
SAE surveyed participants in its recently concluded AV ride-along program. Their responses reinforce positive perceptions about the automated-driving experience. If there's one takeaway from SAE International's groundbreaking Demo Days program that took place in various U.S. cities over 18 months, it's that everyday people who've had the opportunity to ride in an automated vehicle (AV) on real roads are the antithesis of Chaucer's familiar phrase, “Familiarity breeds contempt.” During the program that generated 1,395 surveys, nearly all - 88% - of these early enthusiasts found no reason to change their positive perception of AVs after what was for 94% their first ride in a vehicle operating with high-level automated functionality. Participants at each of the Demo Days demonstrations were surveyed about their impressions before and after their approximately 10-minute AV ride.
Visnic, Bill
Editorial19AVEP11_0111/01/2019
After digesting some of the fascinating insights from surveys taken of automated-vehicle test riders - most of them first-timers - who participated in SAE International's Demo Days program (see pg. 31), you've got to conclude that the only thing predictable about the new-mobility landscape is its unpredictability. The year's not over yet and already it's been a wild ride.
Visnic, Bill
J.D. Power launches new vehicle-engineering award at SAE's WCX 201919AUTP04_0304/01/2019
Globally-respected automotive analytics firm J.D. Power recognizes outstanding vehicle-integration engineering with two new annual awards. Long known for its groundbreaking surveys measuring automotive customer satisfaction, quality and dependability-and presenting corresponding awards to top-achieving OEMs-marketing information and analytics firm J.D. Power is launching two new engineering-related awards for development teams responsible for each year's best all-new vehicle and best redesigned vehicle. J.D. Power is partnering with SAE International to announce at this year's SAE World Congress Experience (WCX) the winners for the inaugural 2018 Engineering Award for Highest-Rated All-New Vehicle and Engineering Award for Highest-Rated Vehicle Redesign.
Visnic, Bill
2019 Vehicle Technology Review19AUTP04_0204/01/2019
Reviewing the latest tech applications in the automotive space and the trends they're serving. With massive shifts looming in the automotive engineering space - the titanic trio of Autonomy, Mobility and Electrification (AME) - it's easy to forget that the pace of innovation continues unaltered in the here and now. We've reviewed the latest technologies on the newest OEM models and how they point to current trends in the automotive landscape. Though the AME macro trends represent the majority investment in the automotive space, and work on traditional engineering projects including new powertrains continues, small features that resonate often serve as a guideposts to what's next.
Seredynski, Paul
China's NIO making EV battery swapping work19AUTP02_1302/01/2019
Emergent electric-vehicle automaker NIO believes battery swapping makes sense for EVs and the company's customers almost universally agree. In front of 10,000 guests at the 2018 NIO Day in mid-December, company founder and CEO William Li announced that 9,726 units of the company's first vehicle, the ES8 SVU, had been delivered. And more than 95% of those buyers chose to lease the battery, which is only possible with battery packs designed to be swapped out for recharging. Swappable, leased batteries mean NIO can offer its EVs at a much lower up-front cost than other OEMs selling electric vehicles. NIO customers who opt to lease the battery reduce the cost of their EV by 100,000 RMB ($14,476 US). These ES8 buyers then pay a subscription fee, either 980 RMB ($142) per month or 10,800 RMB ($1,570) annually, to access NIO's battery swap stations and other “Power Express” services, like a public charging network and the use of NIO's Power Mobile charging trucks. A similarly priced
Blanco, Sebastian
Magna unveils configurable seating concept at CES 201919AUTP02_1002/01/2019
Magna provided a glimpse into its vision for the future of configurable cabin spaces with a life-size transforming seating demo at its booth during January's Consumer Electronics Show (CES). Driven by consumer research, the seating-system concept is designed to provide flexible and collaborative configurations aimed at an autonomous vehicle (AV) future. “Magna's seating innovation is driven by the belief that while the vehicle occupant experience will be very different with the introduction of mobility and autonomy, the functional basics will remain the same: passengers want convenience, flexibility and comfort,” Mike Bisson, president of Magna Seating, told Automotive Engineering ahead of CES. “This approach has essentially helped us create seats that adjust to the consumer, instead of having the consumer adjust to seats.”
Seredynski, Paul
Real-Time Diagnostics: Fast, Mobile, Health-Focused InformationTBMG-2874604/01/2018
As technology becomes increasingly mobile and information becomes more readily available, consumer demand for immediate answers continues to rise. This demand is coupled with the concurrent growth of health-conscious consumer attitudes. Mobile apps that report traffic delays, artificial intelligence software that listens to and interprets commands, and wearable electronics that track activity and sleeping patterns — these programs are all geared toward consumers who are invested in gaining rapid information that they can use to make everyday decisions.
Analyzing Customer Preference to Product Optional Features in Supporting Product Configuration2017-01-024303/28/2017
For achieving viable mass customization of products, product configuration is often performed that requires deep understanding on the impact of product features and feature combinations on customers’ purchasing behaviors. Existing literature has been traditionally focused on analyzing the impact of common customer demographics and engineering attributes with discrete choice modeling approaches. This paper aims to expand discrete choice modeling through the incorporation of optional product features, such as customers’ positive or negative comments and their satisfaction ratings of their purchased products, beyond those commonly used attributes. The paper utilizes vehicle as an example to highlight the range of optional features currently underutilized in existing models. First, data analysis techniques are used to identify areas of particular consumer interest in regards to vehicle selection. Consumer responses related to the reasons for/against the purchase of a specific vehicle model
Sha, Zhenghui, Saeger, Veronica, Wang, Mingxian, Fu, Yan, Chen, Wei
Wearable MedTech - Designing for New Frontiers in HealthcareTBMG-2520808/01/2016
Look around you. Doesn’t it seem like everyone is sporting a Fitbit® or other wearable technology? The fact is, consumers are quickly embracing devices that help them monitor fitness metrics. There’s a feel-good bonus in a long schlep from gate to gate in an airport, or a marathon shopping spree, when a compact wrist gadget applauds the impressive distance walked along the way. People are taking to wearable tech as they have adapted to smartphones— incorporating them as an integral piece of their everyday lives.
Tuning Dampers for Ride and Handling of Production Vehicles2015-01-158904/14/2015
The goal of this paper is to discuss the critical aspects of damper tuning for production vehicles. These aspects include ride and handling performance attributes, damper basics, conflicts in achieving desirable results, tuning philosophies, and the influence of the damper design. The marketplace has become increasingly competitive. Customer preference, cost, mass and regulatory pressures often conflict. Yet each year more vehicles are required to do all these things well. Damper tuning can play a significant role in resolving these conflicts. Although many papers have been written on the theory behind damper design and capabilities, there has been very little written about the techniques of tuning dampers for production vehicles. This paper attempts to discuss the critical aspects of damper tuning for production vehicles in four sections. The first section discusses the performance attributes of ride and handling. The second section provides a basic understanding of dampers. The third
Neal, Michael W., Cwycyshyn, Walter, Badiru, Ibrahim
Optimization of the Customer Experience for Routine Handling Performance2015-01-158804/14/2015
Rapidly increasing customer, financial, and regulatory pressures are creating clear changes in the calculus of vehicle design for modern automotive OEM's (Original Equipment Manufacturers). Customers continue to demand shorter product lifecycles; the increasingly competitive global market exerts pressure to reduce costs in all stages of development; and environmental regulations drive a continuous need to reduce mass and energy consumption. OEM's must confront these challenges while continuing to satisfy the customer. The foundation to meeting these challenges includes: (1) Continued development of objective metrics to quantify performance; (2) Frontloading vehicle design content and performance synthesis; (3) A precise understanding of the customer and their performance preferences under diverse usage conditions. These combined elements will enable products better optimized amongst competing (and often contradictory) imperatives. This paper focuses on methods to optimize vehicle
Badiru, Ibrahim A., Neal, Michael W.
A Study on North American Customer Preference to Interior Noise using Sound Balance Analysis2014-01-002304/01/2014
A new approach to achieve better customer perception of overall vehicle quietness is the sound balance improvement of vehicle interior sound during driving. Interior sound is classified into 3 primary sound source shares such as engine sound relative to revolution speed, tire road noise and wind noise relative to vehicle speed. Each interior sound shares are classified using the synchronous time-domain averaging method. The sound related to revolution order of engine and auxiliaries is considered as engine sound share, tire road noise and wind noise shares are extracted by multiple coherent output power analysis. Sound balance analysis focuses on improving the relative difference in interior sound share level between the 3 primary sound sources. Virtual sound simulator which is able to represent various driving conditions and able to adjust imaginary sound share is built for several vehicles in same compact segment. Objective sound evaluation targeting the North American customer is
Lim, Cha-Sub, Han, Eunjun, Apelian, Chahe, Bogema, David
Customer Focus in EPS Steering Feel Development2014-01-014804/01/2014
The automotive industry is one of the most competitive enterprises in the world. Customers face an ever-expanding number of entries in each market segment vying for their business. Sales price, brand image, marketing, etc. all play a role in purchase decisions, but the factor distinguishing products that consistently perform in the market place is the ability to satisfy the customer. Steering character plays a critical role in the customer driving experience and can be one of the most heavily debated topics during a new vehicle program. The proliferation of EPS steering systems now allows engineers to calibrate steering feel to almost any desired specification. This raises a key question: What subjective & objective characteristics satisfy customers in a particular market segment? Answering this question requires continued research to develop objective metrics correlated to subjective steering attributes and increased understanding of customer preferences for objective performance
Badiru, Ibrahim A.
A Comparison of Three Different Approaches to Image Depth in Driver Information Clusters: 2D Computer Graphics, 3D Computer Graphics and 3D Imaging2014-01-045104/01/2014
Displays that support complex graphics in driver information (DI) systems allow for the presentation of detailed visual data by employing a range of static (fixed image) and/or dynamic (moving image) design approaches. Such displays are gaining market share across a wide range of mainstream vehicles as the availability and cost of such technologies improves. Although a range of 2D, rendered 3D, and 3D imaging (or stereoscopic) information displays have been demonstrated throughout the automotive industry in recent years, there is limited empirical research examining consumer preference of the respective approaches or their influence on driving related tasks. The vehicle environment is known to be a demanding context for efficiently displaying information to the driver. Research in 3D [1, 2] reveals some of the factors that influence its acceptance and effective use, but there is limited research on the effects of 3D-related design elements when used in a driver-vehicle interface. The
Ku, Kathleen, Tschirhart, Michael
Virtual Powertrain Installation for Diesel Engine Sound Quality Development in a Light Duty Vehicle Application2014-01-002404/01/2014
Increased customer expectation for NVH refinement creates a significant challenge for the integration of Diesel powertrains into passenger vehicles that might have been initially developed for gasoline engine applications. A significant factor in the refinement of Diesel powertrain sound quality is calibration optimization for NVH, which is often constrained by performance, emissions and fuel economy requirements. Vehicle level enablers add cost and weight to the vehicle and are generally bounded by vehicle architecture, particularly when dealing with a carry-over vehicle platform, as is often the case for many vehicle programs. These constraints are compounded by the need to make program critical sound package content decisions well before the availability of prototype vehicles with the right powertrain. In this paper, a case study on NVH development for integration of a light duty Diesel powertrain is presented. A process, based on a time-domain transfer path methodology was applied
Tousignant, Todd, Govindswamy, Kiran
Driver Preference for Fore-Aft Steering Wheel Location2013-01-045304/08/2013
The fore-aft location of the steering wheel relative to the pedals is a critical determinant of driving posture and comfort. Current SAE practices lack quantitative guidance on steering wheel positioning. This paper presents a model of subjective preference for fore-aft steering wheel position across a range of seat heights. Sixty-eight men and women evaluated the steering wheel positions in a total of 9 package conditions differentiated by seat height and fore-aft steering wheel position. Numerical responses were given on a 7-point scale anchored with the words “Too Close”, “Just Right”, and “Too Far”. A statistical analysis of the results demonstrated that the preferred fore-aft steering wheel position was affected by seat height and driver stature. An ordinal logistic regression model was created that predicts the distribution of subjective responses to steering wheel location. The model can be used to calculate the preferred steering wheel position for individuals or populations
Reed, Matthew P.
Leveraging The Android Framework To Create A Dynamic Infotainment Ecosystem: Technology Leadership Brief2012-01-902410/08/2012
Android has gained undisputed leadership in the Smartphone world. It is an open-source framework which enables the community of applications developers to collaborate on a single implementation of a shared product. This collaboration has led to a large applications ecosystem that is unmatched by any other product or device in the world today. Making the Android suitable for the Automotive world brings shortened development time for infotainment features. To do so, it implies combining automotive software libraries, 3rd party applications and native Android applications while coordinating with HMI specialists, under the responsibility of a strong system integrator.
Riyahi, Eric
The Relationship between Driver Acceptance and System Effectiveness in Car-Based Collision Warning Systems: Evidence of an Overreliance Effect in Older Drivers?2012-01-028204/16/2012
An understanding of the relationship between user acceptance and system effectiveness is necessary for designing collision warning systems for cars and for accurately estimating their safety benefits. To better understand this relationship, an exploration was conducted into the results of a recent naturalistic field operational test of an integrated vehicle-based safety system installed into a fleet of passenger vehicles. Correlation analyses were conducted for system effectiveness, which was measured in terms of near-crash reduction, and for user acceptance, which was measured using responses to a questionnaire that drivers filled out after completing the study. The key findings were as follows: (1) although remaining generally positive overall, user acceptance decreased slightly for drivers as system effectiveness increased. This pattern appears to be due primarily to older drivers (aged 60 to 70), for whom it was strongest; (2) older drivers rated the system higher and were more
Stevens, Scott
Active Noise Control Method Considering Auditory Characteristics2012-01-099304/16/2012
In contrast to functionality and reliability, which are more and more assumed to be a natural and necessary condition of any vehicle, the performance of Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) now belongs to those features which play an essential role for the customer's purchasing decision. Sound design and vehicle interior noise control are essential parts of NVH. One tool of the NVH solution toolbox is Active Noise Control (ANC). ANC technology aims to cancel unwanted noise by generating an “anti-noise” with equal amplitude and opposite phase. Owing to the fact that human hearing has selective sensitivity for different critical bands, a new control strategy of ANC, which selectively controls the noise of specific bandwidths according to the result of specific loudness and retains the part of noise created by the normal running of facilities, trying to attenuate the unwanted and unacceptable noise, has been proposed in this paper. The new ANC system based on Filtered X Least Mean Square
TAN, Gangping, WANG, Dengfeng, Chen, Shuming, SONG, Jiqiang
Direction-of-Motion Stereotypes for Automotive Hand ControlsJ1139_201003 (Current)03/01/2010
The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to present design recommendations for the direction-of-motion of hand controls found in passenger vehicles, multipurpose vehicles, and trucks. These recommendations are based on recent and past human factors research and are important considerations in the design of control layouts.
Controls and Displays Standards Committee
Design Criteria—Driver Hand Controls Location for Passenger Cars, Multipurpose Passenger Vehicles, and Trucks (10 000 GVW and Under)J1138_200908 (Current)08/25/2009
The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to describe design criteria pertaining to the location and labeling of hand controls, including embedded displays and controls when displayed, necessary to or frequently used during the operation of passenger cars, MPVs, and trucks 10 000 GVW and under designed for left-hand drive operation. The results of SAE human factors research have strongly influenced these recommendations, specifically in the area of driver reach, control-locating performance, and control location expectancies. Deviations from this recommended practice should be made only after careful study of the various SAE publications on these subjects. This document does not include hand-held devices such as remote controls or cellular phones.
Controls and Displays Standards Committee
Off-highway realitiesOFHAUG09_0408/01/2009
Executive Viewpoints-Vehicle Development Insights from Industry: Off-Highway 2020 and Beyond- Off-highway realities. At Dana, we see a bright future for the off-highway industry all the way to 2020 and beyond due to the role we will play in key strategic industries. Over the next decade, the world will be focused on getting the most out of existing energy sources and developing alternatives, maximizing agricultural productivity, and bringing more environmentally friendly transportation options to market-goals that will become reality through the hard work of off-highway equipment. To take full advantage of the economic resurgence right around the corner, the off-highway industry will address market demand for more fuel-efficient vehicle designs and look for opportunities to nurture continued sales growth in countries such as Brazil, China, India, and Russia. But the real key to riding out the turbulence in our industry in the short-term and laying the foundation for long-term success
Franzosi, Pietro
US Consumer Attitudes toward Hybrids and Other Advanced Powertrain TechnologiesTP-AAB-2009_4206/09/2009
Presentation of "US Consumer Attitudes toward Hybrids and Other Advanced Powertrain Technologies" for AABC 2009.
Miller, Scott
Development and Validation of Utility Matrix for Automotive Interiors in Real World Usage2009-26-007201/21/2009
As the real world usage profile of customers is becoming increasingly dynamic the need for more utility features in interior parts of vehicle has increased. The main purpose of the study is to analyze how the changing customer style actually influences the volume requirement of the utility spaces i.e. at the glove box, console door pocket etc. In the present study, an exhaustive list of utilities, and a utility matrix based on the user characteristics for automotive interiors is developed. Based on customer reviews on the web and expert opinions, seven user profiles were defined. The selection matrix is arrived at by using the usability index, accessibility index and the disbursement index. The matrix is evaluated using statistical methods and validated for real world usage. The selection matrix is used to identify relatively important utility features and preferred locations in automotive interior parts.
Rajamohan, B. K., Partha, Siddharth, Sathish Baba, S.
“Targeting Consumer Needs in the Perfect Storm: Changing the Automotive Lifestyle”2008-21-003810/20/2008
The intersection of changing lifestyles and evolving transportation needs finds smart USA well positioned for launch in 2008 during one of the most competitive periods in U.S. automotive history. In a zero sum market with new global entrants competing for single points of share, where quality levels have been redefined and fractions of points separate the best from the challengers, lifestyle awareness, innovation and product positioning become the differentiators. Simply adding features has left some with hefty investments and confused consumers. Bigger is not always better. More is not always desirable. The real opportunity for new entrants to the US market may be defined within niche markets where changing lifestyles allow for the emergence of new segments. Today, smart USA has surfaced as a clear example of right product, right place, right time. This paper will explore 1) historical factors of OEM market differentiation, 2) emerging changes in consumer habits and life styles in the
Pergament, Douglas S.
Flexible Digital Servo Drives Speed Machine Control DesignTBMG-978810/01/2008
Advances in digital hardware technology and software innovations now allow a single digital servo drive to be configured to work in a variety of machine control architectures.
Shaping the Future of the Automotive User Experience: Design-for-Experience & the Last-Inch Problem2006-21-005010/16/2006
The communications and computing technologies underlying the future automotive user-experience are described in terms of what a typical consumer might see: built-in, beamed-in and brought-in services. A design-for-experience framework is proposed to translate desired experiences into underlying web-enabled services. To realize web-enabled services, the automobile needs to be defined as an information services platform, delivering communications and computing as services. Termed the last inch problem, the challenges associated with delivering this platform are outlined in the paper. Results from the development of engineering concepts and their application to demonstration vehicles are presented.
Prasad, K. Venkatesh
Optimum Customer Based Specification: Part of DFSS Case Study2005-01-120904/11/2005
Maximizing customer satisfaction is one key factor for marketing success. It is crucial to have engineering specifications reflecting customer expectations. This paper describes the strategy and methodologies used to generate optimum engineering specification in a case study. This study is part of the DFSS project, which focused on electrical delay time prior to engine crank.
Lin, Meily
Consumer Acceptance of Entrées Substituted with Texturized Soy Protein2003-01-261907/07/2003
Soybean (Glycine max) is a candidate crop that has been selected to be grown on long-duration planetary missions by the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) Advanced Life Support (ALS) Program. The nutritive composition of the soybean is 38% protein, 18% oil (.5% lecithin), 15% soluble carbohydrates (sucrose, stachyose, raffinose, others), 15% insoluble carbohydrates (dietary fiber), and 14% moisture, ash, and other substances. Several reports have indicated the effects of soy-rich foods on the deterrence of estrogen-associated cancers, cardiovascular diseases, decrease of climacteric symptoms, and prevention of osteoporosis. In spite of its nutritive value, and seemingly popularity, direct consumer consumption of soy remains limited. The objective of this study was to determine consumer acceptability of selected traditional red meat or poultry entrees (tacos, stroganoff, sloppy joes, lasagna, chicken stew, meatballs, and hamburgers) substituted with texturized soy
Bromfield, Elaine M., Pace, Ralphenia D., Bovell-Benjamin, Adelia
Understanding Psychoacoustic Parameters2001-01-394303/05/2001
This work explains the quantification of mechanisms and effects related to the sensations caused by sound pressures on our hearing system. Some already classic parameters like loudness, specific loudness, sharpness, specific sharpness, fluctuation strength and roughness are discussed in terms of their calculation and characteristics. Data acquisition hardware and software for the investigation of this kind of phenomena is overviewed. Practical cases are shown and discussed.
Pinto, Fernando Castro, de Jesus, Gilberto Fuchs, de Mattos, Igor Antunes
TM Design of the Truck Productivity Computer ™ from the Driver's Perspective2000-01-341112/04/2000
Communication is vital to the successful delivery of freight. A product that uses the latest communications technology, and makes that technology easily accessible to a driver would be a great benefit to the trucking industry. This paper focuses on the iterative design process of such a product called the Truck Productivity Computer™ (TruckPC). The TruckPC is a combination of an audio system, which includes radio, CD and weather, and an open platform communications and computing system. This paper discusses the driver-centered design process that was used in the development of both software and hardware interfaces. Topics discussed include the human factors guidelines that provided a basis for early design values and testing that concerned the design of the user input modes (buttons, knobs, speech recognition) and output modes (display, division of information on the display, text-to-speech synthesis). Specific examples illustrate how software applications are programmed to create a
Powell, Jared A., Wreggit, Steven S., Kirn, Chris L., Hayes, Elizabeth
Perspective on Service and Parts for Combine Harvesters96178208/01/1996
During harvest time, producers lose valuable time due to combine breakdowns because of service problems and availability of parts. A survey was, therefore, conducted across the Province of Saskatchewan to determine problems associated with combine parts availability, combine repair and consumers opinion on combine parts, costs and quality. Out of 200 surveys 43% were returned. Saskatchewan is the major grain producer province in Canada. The survey conducted here will show trends in grain harvesting, combine ownership, parts and repairs, and dealership concerns. A total of 108 combines were reported. John Deere and CaseIH had equal percentages of the market although John Deere combines averaged 4 years newer than the CaseIH ones. Nearly 61% of the combines consisted of model years previous to 1985. Producers listed many repairs with the majority occurring on the farm and only 26% indicating any type of dealership repair. Strong concerns were expressed with the poor availability of parts
Gress, Kent J. D., Kushwaha, R. L.
Passive Learning; Putting Simplicity Back Into Driving95195808/01/1995
The future of automotive transportation is very promising with many exciting systems and features designed to enhance customer comfort, convenience and safety. That technology will be meaningless if it is not designed to be readily accepted and easily understood by the customer. A passive system that quietly and unobtrusively “learns” driver tendencies and preferences and uses that knowledge to adjust various vehicle systems will minimize customer apprehension about new technology and increase it's acceptance and usage. Future transportation technology must be designed to adapt to each customer's expectations and abilities or we are apt to receive messages like ..... Disc Error On Driver One!
Doble, Michael E.
Cost Effective Molded Polyurethane Foam for Automotive Acoustical Carpet Underlay and Dash Insulators94070003/01/1994
NVH (Noise Vibration Harshness) control is receiving increased attention in the automotive industry, as the automotive engineers seek new ways to improve vehicle quality and customer satisfaction. Significant advances in cast (molded) Polyurethane foam for automotive acoustical applications are increasing the cost competitiveness of this technology against more traditional sound deadening media, such as polyurethane slabstock foam (for dash insulators) and die-cut or molded resinated polyester waste fibers (“shoddy pads”) for carpet underlay. This paper details these continuous improvements, which include density reduction without the use of any Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) blowing agents from 5.0 pcf to 3.0 pcf, and demold time reduction from 5.0 minutes to 2.0 minutes for cycle time (productivity) improvements. While these advantages pertain to economics, advancing technology has also resulted in cast polyurethane systems meeting increasingly stringent physical property requirements
MacFarland, David R.
Assessing the Acceptability of IVHS: Some Preliminary Results91281110/01/1991
While much of the current research on Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) focuses on its technological aspects and economic benefits, little consideration is being given to the potential non-economic benefits of IVHS to individuals and society and the related issue of acceptability of the system among various user groups. Three stages of research dealing with the non-economic benefits of IVHS and user acceptance are discussed. Next, the results of a recently completed survey exploring these topics are reviewed. Survey findings cover the potential usefulness of various traffic advisories and the willingness of drivers to pay for them. Sentiments of drivers experiencing varying degrees of traffic congestion and stress in their commuting are considered as are feelings about IVHS as a solution to traffic congestion. Finally, implications of findings and directions for future research on user acceptance and non-economic benefits are discussed.
Marans, Robert W., Yoakam, Cyrus
Cost Parity of Electronic, Electromechanical and Mechanical Instrument Clusters90116510/01/1990
This article is concerned with the issue of whether the cost of electronic, electromechanical and mechanical instrument clusters adequately correspond with performance and functional capabilities; and if not, whether means exist to compensate for this disparity. Considering recent user needs and changes in consumer attitudes toward value assessment, we have concluded that the cost parity of various types of instrument clusters can be realized by appropriately integrating special advantages into the clusters to fabricate added value products with strong market appeal.
Masuda, Hiroyuki, Inoue, Takayoshi
The Use of LED Lamps for Turn and Stop Signal Presentations90057202/01/1990
LEDs have been developed that are suitable for use in automotive signal lamps. As signal light sources, LEDs have a number of advantages, among which are faster rise times, long life, flexibility in lamp size and shape, and the possibility of unique modes of presentation that may improve signal performance. The purpose of the research described in this paper was to examine driver preferences and response time to unique stop and turn signal presentations using LED sources. The results suggest that subjects preferred some of the signal modes to present-day configurations, and responded faster to them under a variety of conditions.
Olson, Paul L., Aoki, Toshiaki, Battle, Dennis S.
World Radio Revisited: Still a Myth?90004002/01/1990
As in most industries, car radio designers have long envisioned a product which could be sold without modification throughout the world. However, local requirements, performance differences, and customer preferences have presented major obstacles to achieving this goal. Since publishing a previous paper on this subject in 1983, many changes have taken place in electronics and in car radio design. Some of these changes have reduced the barriers to producing a “World Radio” while others have presented new obstacles to be overcome. This paper addresses some of those changes and the current possibilities.
Altgelt, Carlos A., Summerville, Richard L.
Human Factors Concerns in The Driver/Vehicle/Environment System As The Year 2000 Approaches88508909/01/1988
This paper describes in general terms the range of concerns currently on the horizon for vehicle designers, with emphasis on human factors issues. Specific new automotive technologies are taken up individually, under four major categories: Ride and Handling. Anthropometry, Instrument Panels, and Additional New Technologies. The range of concerns described shows that a great deal of careful study is needed during the last decade of this century to resolve the major human factors issues associated with automobile design.
Wierwille, Walter W., Peacock, Brian
Cars In The '90s As A Humanware88504909/01/1988
There are two major themes that characterize the technological advances seen in the car during the '80s. One is the improved functional performance of the various units making up the car, which has been achieved through the application of advanced control technology. The other is the pursuit of performance in each vehicle unit which matches the sensibilities of the occupants. In future vehicles envisioned for the '90s, all of the individually enhanced units will be integrated into a total vehicle system. The basic viewpoint for fusing the different units together will be found in “human sciences.” Instead of merely combining the various units to achieve multiple benefits, the entire vehicle will be engineered to suit the occupants' total sensibilities. In addition, the vehicle concept will be treated in terms of its total relationship with social activities and individual lifestyles. The newly released Nissan ARC-X embodies this near-future vision of the car. The technologies featured
Tokuda, Tomokazu
Perceiving Needs87153408/01/1987
This paper examines the nature of needs and how one goes about recognizing them. In the process, the role of perception is discussed, various needfinding strategies are described, and difficulties associated with the needfinding process are identified. Finally, observations are made about how the needfinding activity might bs structured within the corporate arena.
Faste, Rolf A.
Ask the Right Questions87082704/01/1987
The right answer to the wrong question has little, if any, value; whereas the wrong answer to the right question may very well establish a proper direction for continuing effort and resources. This paper examines the engineers' involvement in the question and answer process, citing examples relative to broad human experience and to the construction and industrial machinery industry.
Heiple, Danforth K., Lecture, G. Edwin Burks
Head Injury in Traffic Accidents86050402/24/1986
A retrospective study of 81 head injured patients consecutively admitted during a three year period to the Division of Neurological Surgery of our hospital is reported. The overall male-to-female ratio was 2.8 to 1. The rate of alcohol intoxication was 26%, almost all were males. In evaluating patients with a Trauma Score (TS)<10 the mortality was 40%. Considering the Injury Severity Score (ISS), the mortality among patients with scores ≥ 20 was 41%. The Rensohoff-Fleisher coma scale was used to grade the level of consciousness on admission from I to VI. Patients with major (MJ) head injury (coma scale IV-VI) had a 30% mortality. Patients with minor (MN) head injury (coma scale I-III) had a mortality of 7%. In all coma scale graded patients the group of patients with intracranial hemorrhage (with and without midline shift) had a higher mortality rate (20%) than those with edema alone (13%).
Salerno, Giovanni, Bleicher, Joel N., Fruin, Alan, Celli, Paolo, Taylon, Charles
Electric Vehicle Battery Charger Standardization82039902/01/1982
Electric Vehicle (EV) battery chargers must safely and completely recharge EV batteries and do so with minimum involvement of the users. Industry generated standards for EV components promoting safety, interchangeability and uniformity of features and functions will enhance user acceptance of EV’s. Many standards already exist for battery chargers which are similar to those used for EV’s. By reviewing existing standards together with the unique requirements of EV battery chargers, the industry will be in a position to establish standards when it has matured sufficiently to do so.
Heisey, Larry E.
Visual Considerations of Man, the Vehicle, and the Highway, Connolly66016402/01/1966
The high-speed highway environment of today places great demands upon the physiological and perceptual capabilities of the driver's visual system. Suggestions for reducing accidents and fatalities on the road are offered from the standpoint that vision is the one common denominator in all the four elements involved in highway safety - the vehicle operator, the vehicle itself, the highway, and the highway environment. Detailed aspects of these four important factors are examined, and the results given of various studies to obtain more knowledge on human vision as related to vehicle and highway performance.
Connolly, Paul L.
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