Browse Topic: Global positioning systems (GPS)

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Video 2 Scenario: A Novel Method to Generate Edge Case Traffic Scenarios from Dashcam Videos2026-26-06661/16/2026
This paper presents Video 2 Scenario, a systematic and cost-effective method to generate edge case scenarios derived from road events captured in dash camera videos. Current methods for obtaining real-world scenarios rely on supplementary sensor data like LiDAR, GPS and radar, which require expensive sensor setups for data collection. Other scenario generation methods rely on manual effort by human experts, which can be laborious and time-consuming. Our proposed methodology utilizes state-of-the-art deep learning models to extract vehicle trajectories, road layouts and other scenario-specific elements and reconstructs a scenario in the format of simulation scripts. The scripts are then refined by replaying the scenario multiple times in a simulation with attached virtual sensors to minimize the discrepancy between the subsequently obtained simulated video data and the original dash camera video data. The refined simulation scripts ensure that critical edge case scenarios are replicated
Ramalingam, Surya Prasath, Priyadarshi, Marut, Khan, Parvej, Kumar, Vaibhav, Pandey, Gaurav, Lohani, Bharat
Identification of productive and non-productive activities in agricultural machinery using ECU and GPS parameters through the application of machine learning techniques2026-26-01021/16/2026
Any agricultural operation (such as cultivation, rotavation, ploughing, and harrowing) includes both effective work and non-productive activities (like transportation, stops, and idling) in the field. Non-productive work can distort the actual load profile, fuel consumption, and emissions. In this project, a machine learning-based methodology has been developed to differentiate between effective operations and non-productive activities, utilizing data collected in the field from data loggers installed on the machinery. Measurements were conducted on various machines across the country in all major applications to minimize the influence of any individual sample's deviation and to account for variability in customer operating practices. Nine critical parameters (Engine Speed, Exhaust Gas Temperature, THECU2, VPEXGAS, FULRAT, Actual Engine Percentage Torque, LBEGR, POIL & GPS Speed) were selected after screening & analyzing more than 100 CAN and GPS parameters. The critical parameters
Maharana, Devi prasad, Gangsar, Purushottam, gokhale, Varun, Pandey, Anand Kumar
GPS-BASED MOBILITY POWER ANALYSIS OF MILITARY VEHICLES2024-01-331111/15/2024
ABSTRACT Determining the required power for the tractive elements of off-road vehicles has always been a critical aspect of the design process for military vehicles. In recent years, military vehicles have been equipped with hybrid, diesel-electric drives to improve stealth capabilities. The electric motors that power the wheel or tracks require an accurate estimation of the power and duty cycle for a vehicle during certain operating conditions. To meet this demand, a GPS-based mobility power model was developed to predict the duty cycle and energy requirements of off-road vehicles. The dynamic vehicle parameters needed to estimate the forces developed during locomotion are determined from the GPS data, and these forces include the following: the gravitational, acceleration, motion resistance, aerodynamic drag, and drawbar forces. Initial application of the mobility power concept began when three U.S. military’s Stryker vehicles were equipped with GPS receivers while conducting a
Ayers, Paul, Bozdech, George
Positioning to centimeter-level improves agriculture22TOFHP08_028/1/2022
Precision-navigation approaches that emphasize backward compatibility help farms reap more value from autonomous operations. Precision navigation, which is essential to autonomous machines, is knowing a moving vehicle's absolute and relative position in 3D space accurately, reliably and repeatably. The cost for precision navigation with position information down to the centimeter level has become a far less significant barrier to broad deployment. This price drop has come with enhanced, not diluted, performance. One reason for the cost decrease has to do with the sheer volume of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers on the market. GNSS encompasses the satellite-based GPS used in North America as well as other global positioning systems such as GPS, Galileo, Glonass, BeiDou, NAVIC (former IRNSS) and QZSS.
Fennelly, James
Autonomous UAV solution for ecological mapping and surveillance.2022-26-12455/26/2022
The proposed UAV can be used to triangulate the areas of unnatural deforestation, by processing the area undergoing land cover transition, hence, restraining illegal logging as well as illegal deforestation which will, in turn, feed the ecological succession cycle. It triangulates the green cover which can be used in identifying fruiting trees, vegetation cycles, even in predicting the population of the animal species feeding on the subjective green cover and hence, the biodiversity. The system will be influential for curbing the landscapes with heterogeneous habitats and diverse topographical features. The model employs an onboard automated controller- ARDUPILOT MissionPlanner, a flight controller with inbuilt compass, GPS, and telemetry module which collects data from the controller such as, Altitude, GPS location, Pitch, Roll, etc. and transmits it to the Ground Control Station (GCS) when flying. The mission planner is programmed by selecting the Target Survey Area which is divided
Devi, Monisha, Neigapula, Keerthana, Anand, Sumit, Tiwari, Anawil, Kumar, Siddharth
Hoping CAN DB approach for enhanced security2022-01-01263/29/2022
Controller Area Network (CAN) is very popular data transportation mechanism in all modern vehicles. CAN bus by design is not security oriented. It is an open communication with transparent messaging. Messages transmitted on bus can be easily read/decoded/spoofed by intruder This paper explores specific method of in-vehicle network security for CAN. This paper presents new method which is based on principal of changing CAN message ID’s during vehicle run time. This method uses vehicle sensors to change CAN message ID on bus. This paper also describes various possible combinations in which network sensors can be connected to various ECU on system. Also covered are aspects of timelines when these messages are shifted, how all ECUs sync with each other and participates in the encoding process. Paper covers below 3 aspects (A) System design System will be based on N number of different CAN database (DB) each having same messages with different ordering inside. All ECU’s involved in CAN bus
Kulkarni, Ashwin
Vehicle Collision Automatic Call System to safe the Fatal in Mid Way in Passenger Car 2022-01-00673/29/2022
In Midway, accidents are general in nature on the highways. Vehicles met with an accident are not saved in a faster way for the rescue. This system operates the signal from the airbag sensor, during the opening of the airbag at the time of the vehicle collision. An Electronic Control Unit (ECU) has been deployed to provide the information about the passenger mobile phone contacts and the nearest health cum rescue team with respect to the Global Positioning System installed in the vehicle. The signal from the airbag is indicating the dearer contacts and the health centres for the rapid recovery of the vehicle met with an accident. This ECU also monitors the health condition of the passengers for a safe ride. A transient study has been conducted with dummies in the four-passenger capacity car for the validation of this system performance. The damage caused to the passengers with respect to the impact, health issues such as pressure in the various points of the dummies and the vehicle has
B, Prabakaran, Chinni, Venkata Sai Sandeep, Chitta, Phani Kumar
Positional Accuracy of Portable GPS Devices during Different Ride Stages2022-01-09923/29/2022
GPS devices can produce a wealth of data about cyclists’, scooterists’, and other riders’ road paths and route usage. However, prior research has demonstrated that GPS positional accuracy is less reliable for more nuanced roadway positioning, such as which lane a vehicle occupies, as well as within-lane movements, such as acceleration and deceleration⁠. This limitation presents a substantial challenge for crash reconstructionists that may have access to GPS data and require second-by-second positional accuracy to determine such nuanced maneuvers and vehicle positioning in their analysis. The purpose of this study was to examine the positional accuracy of several GPS units during three different ride stages: acceleration, deceleration, and constant speed. The same devices were also tested for stationary accuracy, power cut-off, and simulated impact scenarios. To obtain precise data from GPS units, tests were performed with an electric scooter ridden in rural landscapes with clear skies
Desai, Elvis, Suway, Jeff, Engleman, Krystina, Vega, Henry
Automatic Alert System to enable safe ride and to prevent accidents in Two Wheelers and Three Wheelers2021-28-023310/1/2021
In Midway, accidents are general in nature on the highways. Vehicles meeting the accidents are not saved in a faster way for the rescue. This system operates the signal from the seat belt sensor, during the operation of the vehicle. An Electronic Control Unit (ECU) has been deployed to provide the information about the passenger mobile phone contacts and the nearest safety officer with respect to the Global Positioning System installed in the vehicle. The signal from the seat belt fastening system for the driver and the front seat passenger is indicating the dearer contacts and the health of the centers for the rapid recovery of the vehicle met with an accident. This ECU also monitors the health condition of the passengers for the safety ride with respect to the pressure and the temperature of the cabin to make the passenger a safe ride. 20 sensors are deployed in the seat belt and the signals from these sensors are fed into an electronic control unit for further processing. The
B, Prabakaran, Chinni, Venkata Sai Sandeep, Chitta, Phani Kumar
Studies on Simulation and Real Time Implementation of LQG Controller for Autonomous Navigation2021-01-01084/6/2021
The advancement in embedded systems and positional accuracy with base station GPS modules created opportunity to develop high performance autonomous ground vehicles. However, the development of vehicle model and making accurate state estimations play vital role in reducing the cross track error. The present research focus on developing Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) with Kalman estimator for autonomous ground vehicle to track various routes, that are made with the series of waypoints. The model developed in the LQG controller is a kinematic bicycle model, which mimics 1/5th scale truck. Further, the cubic spline fit has been used to connect the waypoints and generate the continuous desired/target path. The testing and implementation has been done at APS labs, MTU on the mentioned vehicle to study the performance of controller. Python has been used for simulations, controller coding and interfacing the sensors with controller. From the results, it has been confirmed that, the vehicle
Dudekula, Ahammad Basha, Naber, Jeffrey
Accuracy and Validation of Geotab GPS Fleet Tracking Devices2021-01-09084/6/2021
Fleet management companies have implemented tracking devices in their vehicles that employ Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in near real time for optimizing fuel consumption, smart routes, and for monitoring driving behavior. For this purpose, Geotab Inc. has developed the OBD-II connected Geotab GO device. These devices are capable of recording vehicle position and speed data using GPS. The present study seeks to validate and compare Geotab recorded data to data collected from a VBOX 3i RTK DGPS; this instrumentation will provide a reliable reference for vehicle position and speed. Additional data logging characteristics such as LTE connectivity, Geotab’s proprietary curve logging algorithm, near-real-time vehicle data, and speed interpolation were analyzed. This study considered two Geotab models, the GO8 and GO9. Both devices were connected in parallel using two sets of two-way splitters connected to the test vehicle’s OBD-II port. The GO8, GO9, and VBOX 3i RTK, logged data
Morales, Roberto C., Gamboa, Jason, Nguyen, Benjamin, Siddiqui, Omair, Bonsall, Jeffrey
Analysis of Vehicle GPS and Derived Speed Data from BMW NBT Evo Systems Acquired with Berla iVe2021-01-09064/6/2021
Many late-model BMW vehicles are equipped with an NBT Evo infotainment system. This system is seen in BMW vehicles in all global markets. Like infotainment systems from other manufacturers, this system records data elements that can prove to be key evidence to investigators of vehicular incidents. This system records timestamped tracklogs that consist of GPS coordinates paired with date/time data. These tracklog points, however, are not recorded in regular intervals. Testing of an instrumented BMW 430i was conducted in and around the Bruntingthorpe Proving Grounds in the United Kingdom. The test vehicle was instrumented with a Racelogic Video VBOX Pro. Data from the instrumentation was compared to the data acquired from the BMW by the iVe Ecosystem from Berla Corporation. The accuracy of the GPS coordinates recorded in the BMW tracklogs was determined by computing the distance between the recorded BMW data and the reference instrumentation data. The derived speeds computed in iVe from
Vandiver, Wesley, Anderson, Robert
Further Development of Particulate Sensors for Mobile Use with the Aid of a Circuit Board2020-01-163810/5/2020
In the last decade, pollution by particulate matter and its effect on human health has increasingly becoming the focus of public attention. In order to monitor and evaluate particulate pollution, expensive measuring stations were placed at traffic hotspots and other selected locations. The measuring devices often precisely record the particle concentration, but have disadvantages in mobility and for measurements in large-area due to their size and investment costs. A measurement with high temporal and spatial resolution is not possible with these stations. This paper presents a new type of mobile particulate sensor based on the Plantower PMS 7003 particle sensor. In addition to the Plantower sensor, a rechargeable battery and newly developed control electronics are also installed in the particulate sensor. Due to the small size and the low manufacturing costs of the measuring system, mobile usage in higher quantity is possible. In addition, the system can record the geographical
Sandgaard, Malte, Lehne-Wandrey, Guido, Otto, Johannes, Ostermeyer, Georg-Peter
Wi-Fi-assisted Inertial Odometry (WIO) Measures Speed and Distance of Indoor MovementTBMG-368435/1/2020
Many devices, such as smartphones, incorporate inertial measurement units (IMUs) to calculate how far a device has moved; however, IMUs suffer from large drift errors, meaning that even minor inaccuracies can quickly become exaggerated. In outdoor environments, many devices use GPS to correct their IMUs but this does not work in indoor areas where GPS signals are unreliable or nonexistent.
Mobile Robot Localization Evaluations with Visual Odometry in Varying Environments Using Festo-Robotino2020-01-10224/14/2020
Autonomous ground vehicles can use a variety of techniques to navigate the environment and deduce their motion and location from sensory inputs. Visual Odometry can provide a means for an autonomous vehicle to gain orientation and position information from camera images recording frames as the vehicle moves. This is especially useful when global positioning system (GPS) information is unavailable, or wheel encoder measurements are unreliable. Feature-based visual odometry algorithms extract corner points from image frames, thus detecting patterns of feature point movement over time. From this information, it is possible to estimate the camera, i.e., the vehicle’s motion. Visual odometry has its own set of challenges, such as detecting an insufficient number of points, poor camera setup, and fast passing objects interrupting the scene. This paper investigates the effects of various disturbances on visual odometry. Moreover, it discusses the outcomes of several experiments performed
Abdo, Abdallah, Ibrahim, Randa, Rawashdeh, Nathir A.
Cooperative Estimation of Road Grade Based on Multidata Fusion for Vehicle Platoon with Optimal Energy Consumption2020-01-05864/14/2020
The platooning of connected automated vehicles (CAV) possesses the significant potential of reducing energy consumption in the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). Moreover, with the rapid development of eco-driving technology, vehicle platooning can further enhance the fuel efficiency by optimizing the efficiency of the powertrain. Since road grade is a main factor that affects the energy consumption of a vehicle, the estimation of the road grade with high accuracy is the key factor for a connected vehicle platoon to optimize energy consumption using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. Commonly, the road grade is quantified by single consumer grade global positioning system (GPS) with the geodetic height data which is rough and in the meter-level, increasing the difficulty of precisely estimating the road grade. This paper presents a novel estimation method called Cooperative Extended Kalman Filter (CEKF) to obtain the accurate information of slopes by multidata fusion of GPS
Ma, Fangwu, Yang, Yu, Wang, Jiawei, Zhao, Yang, Shen, Yucheng, Wu, Guanpu, Aksun Guvenc, Bilin, Guvenc, Levent
Lidar Inertial Odometry and Mapping for Autonomous Vehicle in GPS-Denied Parking Lot2020-01-01034/14/2020
High-precision and real-time ego-motion estimation is vital for autonomous vehicle. There is a lot GPS-denied maneuver such as underground parking lot in urban areas. Therefore, the localization system relying solely on GPS cannot meets the requirements. Recently, lidar odometry and visual odometry have been introduced into localization systems to overcome the problem of missing GPS signals. Compared with visual odometry, lidar odometry is not susceptible to light, which is widely applied in weak-light environments. Besides, the autonomous parking is highly dependent on the geometric information around the vehicle, which makes building map of surroundings essential for autonomous vehicle. We propose a lidar inertial odometry and mapping. By sensor fusion, we compensate for the drawback of applying a single sensor, allowing the system to provide a more accurate estimate. Compared to other odometry using IMU and lidar, we apply a tight coupled of lidar and IMU method to achieve lower
Chen, Xuesong, Zhang, Sumin, Wu, Jian, He, Rui, Song, Shiping, Zhu, Bing, Zhao, Jian
Quantifying Engine Braking for Various Common Street Motorcycles2020-01-08804/14/2020
Motorcycle engine braking was measured in each forward gear for a cross-section of typical street motorcycles. Using GPS data acquisition and video, deceleration relative to speed was examined. Motorcycle characteristics included various engine displacements and types of motorcycle. The data acquired will give more insight into the extent which engine braking is a factor for deceleration, a topic which has not been addressed in a peer-reviewed journal article to this date.
Jansen, Henricus, LeBlanc, Beau, Wilhelm, Christopher, Shaw, Tyler, Lowi, Alvin
New CM Labs excavator simulator training offers GPS guidance, HMI experience20TOFHP04_114/1/2020
CM Labs Simulations' new excavator training exercise incorporates an integrated GPS guidance system that trains operators on how to use this technology in the simulator. The company unveiled the GPS guidance system during ConExpo-Con/Agg 2020 in Las Vegas, offering attendees an opportunity to experience it. This advanced exercise immerses operators in a life-like worksite environment that challenges them to dig trenches using the new GPS guidance system, while learning to make decisions based on accurate grade and terrain features. According to the simulator vendor, when deployed in the field these skills can help reduce operation time and material costs. GPS functionality is becoming an industry standard on heavy equipment, as it supplies data about terrain features and equipment position, enabling faster completion of operations, which can be critical for contractors looking to meet tight project deadlines.
Shuttleworth, Jennifer
3D Printing of Plastics with Electrical CircuitsTBMG-359732/1/2020
Engineers have embedded high-performance electrical circuits inside 3D-printed plastics, which could lead to smaller and versatile drones and better-performing small satellites, biomedical implants, and smart structures.
WiFi-Based Technique Measures Speed and Distance of Indoor MovementTBMG-3561012/1/2019
A technique was developed that uses a combination of WiFi signals and accelerometer technology to track devices in near-real-time. The WiFi-assisted Inertial Odometry (WIO) technique uses WiFi as a velocity sensor to accurately track how far something has moved — similar to sonar but using radio waves instead of sound waves.
ISP-Vehicle Location Referencing StandardJ1746_201910 (Current)10/3/2019
This SAE Standard is intended to be used for the communication of spatial data references between central sites and mobile vehicles on roads. References can be communicated from central site to vehicles, or from vehicles to central sites. The document may also be used where appropriate by other ITS applications requiring location references between data sets.
Motor Vehicle Council
Technique Locates Robots and Humans in GPS-Challenged EnvironmentsTBMG-3527810/1/2019
An algorithm enables localization of humans and robots in areas where GPS is unavailable. The Army needs to be able to localize agents operating in physically complex, unknown, and infrastructure-poor environments. This capability is critical to help find dismounted soldiers and for humans and robotic agents to team together effectively.
Defeating Commercial Drone Threats with Open-Source SDRTBMG-3535310/1/2019
It’s nearly impossible to look at technology news without seeing an article about drones. Whether detailing how Amazon wants to use drones to deliver packages or revealing amazing aerial video of drones following Olympic snow-boarders, commercial drones are ubiquitous. Drone emergence has benefited many applications including sports broadcasting and wildlife preservation wilderness surveys. Offering powerful, intelligent software, drones are becoming less expensive and easier to use, with substantial operating range.
Land Combat MissileTBMG-348608/1/2019
MBDA Incorporated Arlington, VA 703-387-7139
Location Referencing Message Specification (LRMS)J2266_201906 (Current)6/11/2019
The Location Referencing Message Specification (LRMS) standardizes location referencing for ITS applications that require the communication of spatial data references between databases. ITS databases may reside in central sites, vehicles, or devices on or off roads or other transportation links. The LRMS is applicable to both homogeneous (same database) and mixed database environments that may be implemented on wireless or landline networks. While developed for ITS applications, the LRMS may be used for non-ITS applications as well within the field of geographic information processing.
V2X Core Technical Committee
The North Dakota Citation Research Aircraft Measurement Platform2019-01-19906/10/2019
The North Dakota Citation Research Aircraft is a Cessna Citation II twin-engine fan-jet aircraft modified to be an atmospheric research platform that has been used on many field projects since the 1970s. The typical sampling speed of the modified Citation II is 160 knots indicated air speed (IAS), with sampling at altitudes up to 12.1 km (40,000 ft). The Citation Research Aircraft was operated by the University of North Dakota (UND) for many years but is now operated by Weather Modification International (WMI) of Fargo, North Dakota. WMI and UND together provide a unique test facility that is capable of deploying a wide range of instrumentation. WMI has the experience to install the custom instrumentation required for a specific field project and the expertise to conduct the most demanding aircraft sampling, including thunderstorm in-situ measurements. UND provides scientific know-how on obtaining measurements at the required accuracy and experience to ensure instruments are performing
Delene, David, Hibert, Kurt, Poellot, Michael, Brackin, Neil
Advanced Technology, Lightweight, Multifunctional Micro-avionics for Manned and Unmanned Rotorcraft Enhance Operational Capability of Future Vertical Lift PlatformsF-0075-2019-145495/13/2019
Emerging microelectronic technologies are expanding functionalities for future decades of vertical lift platforms, enabling both manned and unmanned rotorcraft to fully and safely participate in the NextGen National Airspace System. Specifically, for rotorcraft, benefits from expanded multi-functionality and reduced weight and space requirements, for both mandatory and desired optional avionics, are entering advanced development and flight-testing stages prior to being available to all users. One has only to think about the incredible, multifunctional capabilities of a smartphone to imagine what is possible in avionics with today's advanced technology. This presentation discusses achievements that only a few years ago were beyond imagination – miniaturized avionics that fully employ tiny but powerful digital processors and software defined multi-functional systems on a single chip are rapidly obsoleting the "black boxes" of the past. For both manned and unmanned rotorcraft systems, the
Contarino, RaNae, Healing, Richard, Contarino, V.
Localization and Mapping of Unknown Locations with Unmanned Ground VehiclesTBMG-343405/1/2019
The main goals of this research are to enhance a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software platform to support unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) exploring the complex environment of tunnels, to test the platform within a simulation environment, and to validate the architecture through field- testing.
Robust Validation Platform of Autonomous Capability for Commercial Vehicles2019-01-06864/2/2019
Global deployment of autonomous capability for commercial vehicles is a big challenge. In order to improve the robustness of autonomous approach under different traffic scenarios, environments, road conditions, and driver behaviors, a combined approach of virtual simulation, vehicle-in-the-loop (VIL) testing, proving ground testing, and final field testing have been established for algorithms validation. During the validation platform setup, different platforms for different functionalities have been studied, including open source virtual testing environment (CARLA, AirSim), and commercial one (IPG). We also cooperate with MCity to do proving ground validation. In virtual testing, the functionality of sensors (camera, radar, Lidar, GPS, IMU) and vehicle dynamic models can be applied in the virtual environment. In VIL testing, real world and virtual test will be connected for different validation purposes. The proving ground testing will be performed in real environment with rich
Sun, Yong, Li, Hanxiang, Peng, Weilun
Reconstructing Vehicle Dynamics from On-Board Event Data2019-01-06324/2/2019
Modern vehicles record dynamic data from a number of on-board sensors for events that could precede a crash. These data can be used to reconstruct the behavior of a vehicle, although the accuracy of these reconstructions has not yet been quantified. Here, we evaluated various methods of reconstructing the vehicle kinematics of a 2017 and a 2018 Toyota Corolla based on Vehicle Control History (VCH) data from overlapping events generated by the pre-collision system (PCS), sudden braking (SB) and anti-lock brake (ABS) activation. The vehicles were driven towards a stationary target at 32-64 km/h (20-40 mph) and then after the pre-collision alarm sounded the vehicle was steered sharply right or left and braked rapidly to rest. VCH data for PCS event were recorded at 2 Hz and for the sudden braking and ABS activation events at 6.7 Hz. The steering wheel angle and the vehicle’s longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration, and angular rate data were extracted and used to predict the
Tsuge, Brandon, Yang, Mike, Flynn, Thomas, Xing, Peter, Lawrence, Jonathan, Heinrichs, Bradley, Siegmund, Gunter
Not drive-by-wire-drive-by-CAN19AUTP04_134/1/2019
Test-system specialist AB Dynamics has developed new drive-by-wire technology that enables test vehicles-including autonomous vehicles (AVs)-to be driven entirely via a CAN or ethernet connection, without the need for a human driver or bulky physical robotic actuators. Positioned as a cost- and hardware-saving alternative, the Flex-0 system complements existing driving-robot systems and is already in use by Volvo for a range of advanced test applications. According to Andrew Pick, business director at Track Test Systems, widespread use of electronic vehicles systems permitted AB Dynamics an opportunity to control the vehicle directly through its CAN network, using a path-following approach but eliminating much of the test hardware that is normally required.
Birch, Stuart
Quantum Radio Aids Communications and MappingTBMG-341644/1/2019
GPS signals do not penetrate very deeply or at all in water, soil, or building walls, and therefore can’t be used by submarines or in underground activities such as surveying mines. GPS also may not work well indoors or even outdoors among city skyscrapers. For soldiers, radio signals may be blocked in environments cluttered by rubble or many interfering electromagnetic devices during military or disaster recovery missions.
Walking Robot Moves Without GPSTBMG-338702/27/2019
Ants are able to use polarized light and ultraviolet radiation to locate themselves in space. AntBot mimics this ability to explore its environment randomly and go home automatically, without GPS or mapping.
Using Sound Waves to Produce Optical IsolatorsTBMG-3340512/1/2018
There are challenges involved when using magnetically responsive materials to achieve the one-way flow of light in a photonic chip, including the ability to place compact magnets on a chip. In addition, the necessary materials are not yet available in photonics foundries, creating the need for a better approach that uses only conventional materials and avoids magnetic fields.
Transmitted Enhanced Loran (eLoran) Signal Standard for 9th Pulse ModulationSAE9990/2 (Current)9/17/2018
This eLoran transmitted signal standard provides technical descriptions of the data channel using ninth pulse modulation techniques. The eLoran transmitted signal standard, to which this data channel technique applies, is part of the SAE9990 family of standards covering data channels, receiver specifications, and recommended practices for eLoran.
PNT Position, Navigation, and Timing
Transmitted Enhanced Loran (eLoran) Signal Standard for Tri-State Pulse Position ModulationSAE9990/1 (Current)9/17/2018
This eLoran transmitted signal standard provides technical descriptions of a data channel based on the tri-state pulse position modulation technique. The eLoran transmitted signal standard, to which this data channel technique applies, is part of the SAE9990 family of standards covering data channels, receiver specifications, and recommended practices for eLoran.
PNT Position, Navigation, and Timing
Transmitted Enhanced Loran (eLoran) Signal StandardSAE9990 (Current)9/13/2018
This transmitted eLoran signal standard provides technical descriptions of the waveform, specifications, and explanations. The data channel, receiver specification, and recommended practices are described in the SAE9990 family of standards.
PNT Position, Navigation, and Timing
0D Modeling of Real-Driving NOx Emissions for a Diesel Passenger Vehicle2018-01-17619/10/2018
NOx emissions from diesel passenger vehicles affect the atmospheric environment. It is difficult to evaluate the NOx emissions influenced by environmental conditions such as humidity and temperature, traffic conditions, driving patterns, etc. In the authors’ previous study, real-driving experiments were performed on city and highway routes using a diesel passenger car with only an exhaust gas recirculation system. A statistical prediction model of NOx emissions was considered for simple estimations in the real world using instantaneous vehicle data measured by the portable emissions measurement system and global positioning system. The prediction model consisted of explanatory variables, such as velocity, acceleration, road gradient, and position of transmission gear. Using the explanatory variables, NOx emissions on the city and highway routes was well predicted using a diesel vehicle without NOx reduction devices. However, the prediction model had some limitations owing to the
Kim, Sangmyeong, Kuboyama, Tatsuya, Moriyoshi, Yasuo, Suzuki, Hisakazu
Evaluation of the Powertrain Condition Based on the Car Acceleration and Coasting Data2018-01-17719/10/2018
Diagnosis of the car is a necessary means for early detection of developing malfunctions. A technique for diagnosing on a short road based on the acceleration in the second and third gears and coasting from 50 or 40 to 20 km/h is proposed. The results should be compared with the reference values calculated, taking into consideration the speed rolling resistance dependence, described by the square trinomial, the speed air resistance dependence with the variable exponent, the losses of the transmission idling mode and the progressive total resistances decrease at speeds below 25 km/h. The general speed dependence of the total resistance is described by a sixth-degree polynomial but not the second-degree one, as many researchers believe. The experimental check was performed on a subcompact sedan with 1.6 atmo engine. Weight of 1370 kg. First class road with an average rise of 0.0182, asphalt in good condition. There was no wind. Measuring and recording equipment: GPS receiver Magellan
Rabinovich, Ernest, Gritsuk, Igor V., Zuiev, Vladimir, Zenkin E.Y., Evgeny, Golovan, Andrii, Zybtsev, Yuriy, Volkov, Vladimir, Gerlici, Juraj, Kravchenko, Kateryna, Volska, Olena, Rudnichenko, Nickolay
Location Awareness Algorithm for Internet of Things DevicesTBMG-325198/1/2018
Positioning of wireless devices is centralized, depending on “anchors” with known locations such as cell towers or GPS satellites to communicate directly with each device. As the number of devices increases, anchors must be installed at higher density. Centralized positioning can become unwieldy as the number of items to track grows significantly.
Optical Seeker for Munitions SystemsTBMG-327378/1/2018
BAE Systems Nashua, NH 603-885-4321
Integrated Ultra-Wideband Tracking and Carbon Dioxide Sensing SystemTBMG-297107/1/2018
Recent findings indicate that frequent, short-term crew exposure to elevated CO2 levels, combined with other physiological impacts of microgravity, may lead to a number of detrimental effects, including loss of vision. To evaluate the risks associated with transient elevated CO2 levels and design effective countermeasures, doctors must have access to frequent CO2 measurements in the immediate vicinity of individual crewmembers along with simultaneous measurements of their location in the space environment. To achieve this goal, a small, low-power wearable system that integrates an accurate CO2 sensor with an ultra-wideband (UWB) radio capable of real-time location estimation and data communication is proposed. This system would be worn by crewmembers or mounted on a free-flyer, and would automatically gather and transmit sampled sensor data tagged with real-time, high-resolution location information.
GNSS LANDING SYSTEM SENSOR UNIT (GLSSU)ARINC743B-1 (Current)6/22/2018
This document sets forth the characteristics of the GNSS Landing System Sensor Unit (GLSSU) intended for installation in commercial aircraft. The intent of this document is to provide general and specific design guidance for the development of GLSSU for airline use. It describes the desired operational capability of the GLSSU and the standards necessary to ensure interchangeability.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
GNSS LANDING SYSTEM SENSOR UNIT (GLSSU) WITH VHF DATA BROADCAST (VDB) RECEIVERARINC743C (Current)6/22/2018
This document sets forth the characteristics of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Landing System Sensor Unit (GLSSU) with a built-in VHF Data Broadcast (VDB) receiver. The intent of this document is to provide general and specific design guidance for the development of GLSSU for airline use. It describes the desired operational capability of the GLSSU and the standards necessary to ensure interchangeability.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
GNSS SENSORARINC743A-6 (Current)6/22/2018
This document sets forth the characteristics of the integrated Global Positioning System (GPS)/Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) sensor unit (GNSSU) portion of a GNSS system intended for installation in commercial aircraft. The intent of this document is to provide general and specific design guidance for the development of GNSS sensors for airline use. It describes the desired operational capability of the GNSS system and the standards necessary to ensure interchangeability.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
Affordable Vehicle Avionics (AVA)TBMG-290386/1/2018
NASA Ames Research Center has developed a novel, low-cost, self-contained guidance system for small payload operators. Small satellites are becoming ever more capable of performing valuable missions for both government and commercial customers; however, currently these satellites can only be launched affordably as secondary payloads, which makes it difficult for the small satellite mission to launch when needed, to the desired orbit, and with acceptable risk.
Tech Briefs: May 201818AERP055/1/2018
New Technologies Tackle UAV Challenges Robotic Applique Kits Leverage Existing Assets Educating UGVs Implementing AI Advancements in Thermal Image Training Data Sets Protecting Critical Data on Unmanned Underwater Platforms Advancements Made to the Wingman Software-in-the-Loop (SIL) Simulation: How to Operate the SIL New features include the creation of virtual environments that match real-world gunnery test courses. Soldier-Robot Team Communication: An Investigation of Exogenous Orienting Visual Display Cues and Robot Reporting Preferences The effective use of robots to conduct dangerous missions depends on accurate man-machine communications. Soft Robotic Fish Swims Alongside Real Ones in Coral Reefs GPS Enabled Semi-Autonomous Robot Combining GPS signals with acoustic and encoder data gives a robot the ability to determine its location and orientation within a reference frame. Development of a Vision-Based Situational Awareness Capability for Unmanned Surface Vessels Computer vision
GPS Enabled Semi-Autonomous RobotTBMG-289045/1/2018
The primary objective of this research is to integrate GPS and local sensory data to allow a robot to operate semi-autonomously outside of a laboratory environment. The Pioneer 3-AT, a robust platform capable of operating in the outdoors, is utilized in this project. The P3-AT has acoustic sensors that can calculate distances to obstacles and encoders that calculate how much each wheel has turned. In a laboratory environment, sensory and encoder information can be used to triangulate position or measure distance and direction traveled from a known starting point. Operating outdoors limits the effectiveness of both systems as the obstacles are not known and wheels can often slip and slide on different surfaces. This necessitates external data to determine the location of the robot. GPS was chosen to provide that data. GPS, acoustic, and encoder data were integrated within MATLAB and provided control signals to the robot.
Camera Based Automated Lane Keeping Application Complemented by GPS Localization Based Path Following2018-01-06084/3/2018
Advances in sensor solutions in the automotive sector make it possible to develop better ADAS and autonomous driving functions. One of the main tasks of highway chauffeur and highway pilot automated driving systems is to keep the vehicle between the lane lines while driving on a pre-defined route. This task can be achieved by using camera and/or GPS to localize the vehicle between the lane lines. However, both sensors have shortcomings in certain scenarios. While the camera does not work when there are no lane lines to be detected, an RTK GPS can localize the vehicle accurately. On the other hand, GPS requires at least 3 satellite connections to be able to localize the vehicle and more satellite connections and real-time over-the-air corrections for lane-level positioning accuracy. If GPS localization fails or is not accurate enough, lane line information from the camera can be used as a backup. In this paper, a vision based lane keeping system is aided by a GPS based path following
Cantas, Mustafa Ridvan, Guvenc, Levent
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