Browse Topic: Flight management systems

Items (322)

Best Practices to Prevent, Mitigate and Respond to Cyber Attacks on Air Traffic Management Systems

2022-26-125605/26/2022

Introduction With the digitization and advanced technology inclusions into the Air traffic management systems, there has been an increasing risk of cyber-attacks. The disruption to the computing, communication and control systems has been on an increase. These attacks along with equipment failures can have a far-reaching impact on the performance of the Air Traffic Management Systems. Cybersecurity is still uncommon and is more an after-thought than being engineered into the Systems. Description Deliberate attacks by Hackers have been demonstrated at some of the conferences where a ghost plane has been introduced in to the air space. In 2013, a German technology consultant claimed hacking Flight Management System with a simple android App and some easily available software and hardware. These increasing cyber-disruptions reflect a wider threat to the society which is pervasive, varied, and impactful. In consequence, an intense effort is needed to develop resilient cyber-systems that

Dubey, Kumud Bajaj

Adopting Aviation Safety Knowledge into the Discussions of Safe Implementation of Connected and Autonomous Road Vehicles

2021-01-007404/06/2021

The development of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) is progressing fast. Yet, safety and standardization-related discussions are limited due to the recent nature of the sector. Despite the effort that is initiated to kick-start the study, awareness among practitioners is still low. Hence, further effort is required to stimulate this discussion. Among the available works on CAV safety, some of them take inspiration from the aviation sector that has strict safety regulations. The underlying reason is the experience that has been gained over the decades. However, the literature still lacks a thorough association between automation in aviation and the CAV from the safety perspective. As such, this paper motivates the adoption of safe-automation knowledge from aviation to facilitate safer CAV systems. The authors briefly elaborate on the widely discussed aviation themes, including autopilot and auto-throttle malfunctions, flight management system, human factors, and suggests how

Abdul Hamid, Umar Zakir, Mehndiratta, Mohit, Adali, Erkan

Automatic Pilots (Turbine Powered Subsonic Aircraft)

AS440B (Current)

12/22/2020

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) covers automatic pilots intended for use on aircraft to automatically operate the primary and trim aerodynamic controls to maintain stable flight and/or to provide maneuvering about any of the three axes through servo control. Automatic control functions essential for primary or augmented flight control are excluded.

A-4 Aircraft Instruments Committee

Human Engineering Recommendations for Data Link Systems

ARP4791B (Current)

11/03/2020

This document sets forth general, functional, procedural, and design criteria and recommendations concerning human engineering of data link systems. The recommendations are based on limited evidence from empirical and analytic studies of simulated data link communication, and on experience from operational tests and actual use of data link. However, because data are not yet available to support recommendations on all potentially critical human engineering issues these recommendations necessarily go beyond the data link research and include requirements based on related research and human factors engineering practice. It is also recognized that evolution of these recommendations will be appropriate as experience with data link accumulates and new applications are implemented. This document focuses primarily on recommendations for data link communications between an air traffic specialist and a pilot, i.e., air traffic services communications, although some recommendations address use of

G-10 Executive Advisory Group

Human Engineering Recommendations for Data Link Systems

ARP4791B-TEST-REC (Historical)11/03/2020

G-10 Executive Advisory Group

DATALINK GROUND SYSTEMS STANDARD AND INTERFACE SPECIFICATION (DGSS/IS)

ARINC620-10 (Current)07/31/2020

ARINC Specification 620 defines the interfaces between the Datalink Service Provider (DSP) and the aircraft, other ground-based datalink services, and users. The datalink ground system standard definition supports traditional ACARS and AOA protocols, as well as Media Independent Aircraft Messaging (MIAM) as defined by ARINC Specification 841. MIAM messages can be much larger than ACARS messages (5 MB versus 3.3 kB per message). Supplement 10 improves Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) by defining a “Deliver By (DB)” period that allows the DSP, that originated the message, to intercept and discard the message if it is not delivered by the specified time. Supplement 10 also adds a Media Advisory code for ACARS over IP (AoIP) indicating that an ACARS non Safety Services messages is being transferred over IP links. New Reason Codes are assigned for un-transmittable or undeliverable messages. ACARS Character set clarifications are also provided in Supplement 10.

Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee

Approach to Landing Guidance System for Transport Aircraft

ARP4102/12B (Current)06/11/2020

This document specifies requirements for an Approach to Landing Guidance System (ALGS) electronic device. This equipment shall display relative aircraft position and situation information for flight along precision three-dimensional paths within the appropriate coverage area. The precision three-dimensional path may be an ILS straight-in look-alike path or a complex, curved path. The requirements are applicable to electronic devices capable of receiving signals or other information from one or more sources, including but not limited to ILS, GNSS, or IRU inputs.

S-7 Flight Deck Handling Qualities Stds for Trans Aircraft

Aerospace - Passive Side Stick Unit General Requirements for Fly-by Wire Transport and Business

ARP6001B (Current)

04/23/2020

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides recommendations for design and test requirements for a generic “passive” side stick that could be used for fly-by wire transport and business aircraft. It addresses the following: The functions to be implemented The geometric and mechanical characteristics The mechanical and electrical interfaces The safety and certification requirements

A-6A3 Flight Control and Vehicle Management Systems Cmt

Flight Deck Lighting for Commercial Transport Aircraft

ARP4103A (Current)

09/17/2019

This document recommends design and performance criteria for aircraft lighting systems used to illuminate flight deck controls, luminous visual displays used for transfer of information, and flight deck background and instrument surfaces that form the flight deck visual environment. This document is for commercial transport aircraft except for applications requiring night vision compatibility.

A-20A Crew Station Lighting Committee

Collins Aerospace provides avionics for C-130H modernization program

SAE-MA-0000209/03/2019

The Lockheed C-130H Hercules fleet operated by the Air National Guard and U.S. Air Force Reserve is getting new Collins Aerospace Systems avionics that will help extend the life of the legacy aircraft by 20 years.

Kucinski, William

A Dynamic Fault Tree Approach for Time-Dependent Logical Modeling of Autonomous Flight Systems

2019-01-135803/19/2019

This paper addresses the urgent need for adequate methodologies to use in analyzing autonomous flight systems, including Unmanned Aircraft. These systems are inherently dynamic and require analysis that is explicitly time dependent. Autonomous flight systems are becoming more commonly used, especially for Part 23 aircraft including Business (Corporate) and Regional Jets or Unmanned Aircraft deployed in hazardous environment/situation. Such systems are expected to make their own decisions under uncertain conditions caused by potential system structure changes when entering a new flight phase or switching to a new system configuration due to system degradation or failure(s) [1]. This paper highlights significant modeling errors that can arise in analyzing dynamic scenarios where these time dependencies are ignored. Model-based solutions are provided by incorporating a time-dependent algebraic formalism into Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Dependency Diagram (DD) with updated descriptions

Wang, John

EMBEDDED INTERCHANGE FORMAT FOR OBSTACLE DATABASES

ARINC815 (Current)12/21/2018

This document defines an open encoding format for obstacle databases. This format, when designed and implemented, will enable a quick, economic, and efficient use of Obstacle Databases (ObsDBs). However, since industry does not require applications to be standardized, data interpretation is not addressed in this document.

Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee

Model-Based Systems Engineering Methodology for Implementing Networked Aircraft Control System on Integrated Modular Avionics – Environmental Control System Case Study

2018-01-194310/30/2018

Integrated modular avionics (IMA) architectures host multiple federated avionics applications on a single platform and provide benefits in terms of size, weight, and power, which, however, leads to increased complexity, especially during the development process. To cope efficiently with the high level of complexity, a novel, structured development methodology is required. This paper presents a model-based systems engineering (MBSE) development approach for the so-called “distributed integrated modular architecture” (DIMA). The proposed methodology adapts the open-source Capella tool, based on the Architecture Analysis & Design Integrated Approach (ARCADIA) methodology, to implement a complete design cycle, starting with requirements captured from the aircraft level to streamline the development, culminating in the integration of an avionics application into an ARINC 653 platform. This paper shows how to address the variability of technology implementations at the aircraft and system

George Mathew, Prince, Liscouet-Hanke, Susan, Le Masson, Yann

Integrated Rudder and Brake Pedal Unit, General Requirements for Fly-By Wire Transport and Business Aircraft

ARP6252 (Current)10/15/2018

This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides general requirements for a generic, integrated rudder and brake pedal unit, incorporating a passive force-feel system that could be used for fixed-wing fly-by wire transport and business aircraft. This ARP addresses the following: The functions to be implemented The mechanical interconnection between captain and F/O station The geometric and mechanical characteristics The mechanical, electrical, and electronic interfaces The safety and certification requirements

A-6A3 Flight Control and Vehicle Management Systems Cmt

ADVANCED FLIGHT MANAGEMENT COMPUTER SYSTEM

ARINC702A-5 (Current)08/28/2018

The Advanced FMCS provides expanded functions beyond that defined in ARINC 702 to support the anticipated requirements for operation in the CNS/ATM operating environment. GNSS and RNP based navigation, air-to-ground data link for communications and surveillance, and the associated crew interface control/display definitions are included. The NextGen/SESAR concepts and their relative effects on the FMS are addressed in this document. The functional requirements also apply to a Flight Management Function (FMF) in an Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) architecture with software partitions.

Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee

Vehicle Management Systems - Flight Control Function, Design, Installation and Test of Piloted Military Aircraft, General Specification For

AS94900A (Current)08/13/2018

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) provides the general performance, design, installation, test, development, and quality assurance requirements for the flight control related functions of the Vehicle Management Systems (VMS) of military piloted aircraft. It also provides specification guidance for the flight control interfaces with other systems and subsystems of the aircraft.

A-6A3 Flight Control and Vehicle Management Systems Cmt

Guidance on Mitigation Strategies Against Laser Illumination Effects

ARP6378 (Current)06/02/2018

This document is intended to give guidance to users, regulators and persons in the aviation field who may be affected by the potential visual interference effects of lasers aimed at aircraft by the general public. The potential effects include startle (distraction, disruption, disorientation, and operational incapacitation), glare, and flashblindness. This document provides mitigation strategies against such effects, including operational procedures, pilot education, and the use of Laser Glare Protection. Prevention of harm from laser eye injuries is discussed but is not a focus of this document, due to the extremely low likelihood of injurious levels of laser light in typical aircraft illumination scenarios. Devices for detecting and reporting hazardous laser illuminations are briefly described in Appendix D, but are not a focus of this document. Some information in this document may also be useful for non-aviation users, such as persons driving vehicles. Additional information can be

G10-OL Operational Laser Committee

ATP360 An Air Carrier First Officer Training Program

AIR6319 (Current)05/24/2018

ATP360 air carrier training applies to pilots holding a commercial certificate with instrument and multi-engine ratings. This document describes how the ATP360 program achieves its objectives: to educate and train qualified pilots for First Officer and eventually Captain positions with the regional and/or the major airlines. This document also provides an overview of a selection process, an academic curriculum, a flight training program, faculty preparation, and program evaluation. The focus of ATP360 is to develop industry-recognized competencies and instill the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to bring persons up to professional air carrier standards.

G-10G Realistic Training Committee

MULTI-MODE RECEIVER (MMR) - DIGITAL

ARINC755-5 (Current)01/25/2018

ARINC Characteristic 755 defines a multi-mode receiver capable of providing flight path deviation guidance (corrections) to the aircraft during the approach and landing phase. The data source may be from an Instrument Landing System (ILS), a Microwave Landing System (MLS) or an GNSS Landing System (GLS). Supplement 5 adds annunciations defined in RTCA/DO-253D – MOPS for GPS LAAS Airborne Equipment. GNSS Data and GLS Config Validity ARINC 429 Labels are also updated. The range for Selected Glide Path Angle is corrected.

Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee

General Requirements for WDM Backbone Networks

AIR6005 (Current)

01/23/2018

This document (AIR6005) provides the framework for the specifications of a WDM OBN within the SAE AS5659 WDM LAN Specification document family, in particular, the Transparent Optical Backbone Network Specification. This framework includes potential requirements, technical background, investigation and context to support the writing of SAE’s WDM LAN specifications documents. The SAE’s AS6005 WDM OBN document describes a transparent optical network which contains optical components and optical interfaces to perform optical transport, optical add/drop, optical amplification, optical routing, and optical switching functions. The conforming optical signal interfaces for the data plane of the WDM OBN are defined. The conforming signal interfaces for the control and management planes of this network are also defined. The control and management plane signals may be either electrical or optical. If successful, a WDM LAN standard is anticipated to include multiple variants that may get created

AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee

Guide to Civil Aircraft Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

ARP60493 (Current)10/25/2017

This guide provides detailed information, guidance, and methods for demonstrating electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) on civil aircraft. This guide addresses aircraft EMC compliance for safety and functional performance of installed electrical and electronic systems. The EMC guidance considers conducted and radiated electromagnetic emissions and transients generated by the installed electrical and electronic systems which may affect other installed electrical and electronic systems on the aircraft. Application of appropriate electrical and electronic equipment EMC requirements are discussed. Methods for aircraft EMC tests and analysis are described. This guide does not address aircraft compatibility with the internal electromagnetic environments of portable electronic devices (PED) or with the external electromagnetic environments, such as high-intensity radiated fields (HIRF), lightning, and precipitation static.

AE-4 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Committee

Autopilot, Flight Director, and Autothrust Systems

ARP5366 (Current)

01/04/2017

This document recommends criteria for the design and installation of Autopilot, Flight Director and Autothrust Systems. These three systems are highly interrelated and will be referred to generically as an Integrated Flight Guidance System (IFGS).

S-7 Flight Deck Handling Qualities Stds for Trans Aircraft

Aeronautical Data Link and Radar Simulator (ADRS)

TBMG-2570311/01/2016

Air traffic management research needs to adequately address all players, including flight crews, air traffic controllers/managers, and airline dispatchers. Interactions between the different stakeholders are crucial elements for the viability of a given concept. A simulation capable of addressing this type of distributed decision-making needs to meet several requirements in terms of fidelity, operator proficiency, and number of participants. Most research facilities and laboratories can provide a sufficient fidelity for one particular aspect, but lack in the other aspects because of budget, personnel, and proprietary constraints.

Aircraft Flight Control Systems Descriptions

AIR4094A (Current)07/18/2016

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) supplies information on the flight control systems incorporated on various current and historic fixed wing, rotary wing, and tilt rotor aircraft. A brief description of the aircraft is followed by a description of the flight control system, some specific components, drawings of the internal arrangement, block diagrams, and schematics. System operation redundancy management is also presented.

A-6A3 Flight Control and Vehicle Management Systems Cmt

Descriptions of Systems Integration Test Rigs (Iron Birds) For Aerospace Applications

AIR5992 (Current)10/16/2015

This Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides information on systems integration rigs, commonly referred to as “Iron Birds” for aerospace applications. a It includes background historical information including descriptions of Iron Birds produced to date, important component elements and selection rationale, hydraulic system design and operational modes and illustrates the design approaches to be considered. b It provides illustrations of the various systems that should be considered for Iron Bird testing in the development phase and utilization during the production program. c It includes recommendations for simulation, component development tests, system integration and lessons learned.

A-6A3 Flight Control and Vehicle Management Systems Cmt

Communication, Navigation and Surveillance Performance Criteria for Safety-Critical Avionic Systems

2015-01-254409/15/2015

Avionic system developers are currently working on innovative technologies that are required in view of the rapid expansion of global air transport and growing concerns for environmental sustainability of aviation sector. Novel Communication, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) system designs are being developed in the CNS/Air Traffic Management (CNS/ATM) and Avionics (CNS+A) context for mission-and safety-critical applications. The introduction of dedicated software modules in Next Generation Flight Management Systems (NG-FMS), which are the primary providers of automated navigation and guidance services in manned aircraft and Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS), has the potential to enable the significant advances brought in by time and trajectory based operations. High-integrity, high-reliability and all-weather services are required in the context of four dimensional Trajectory Based Operations / Intent Based Operations (TBO/IBO). The NG-FMS and the Next Generation Air Traffic

Ramasamy, Subramanian, Sabatini, Roberto

A Novel Approach to Cooperative and Non-Cooperative RPAS Detect-and-Avoid

2015-01-247009/15/2015

A unified approach to cooperative and non-cooperative Detect-and-Avoid (DAA) is a key enabler for Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) to safely and routinely access all classes of airspace. In this paper state-of-the-art cooperative and non-cooperative DAA sensor/system technologies for manned aircraft and RPAS are reviewed and the associated multi-sensor data fusion techniques are discussed. A DAA system architecture is presented based on Boolean Decision Logics (BDL) for selecting non-cooperative and cooperative sensors/systems including both passive and active Forward Looking Sensors (FLS), Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) and Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B). After elaborating the DAA system processes, the key mathematical models associated with both non-cooperative and cooperative DAA functions are presented. The Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) algorithm is adopted to estimate the state vector of the intruders and this is propagated to predict the

Ramasamy, Subramanian, Sabatini, Roberto, Gardi, Alessandro

Development of a High-Fidelity Simulation Model for a Research Environment

2015-01-256909/15/2015

During aircraft development, mathematical models are elaborated from our knowledge of fundamental physical laws. Those models are used to gain knowledge in order to make the best decisions at all development stages. Depending on the application, different models can be used to describe, in one way or another, the aircraft behavior. The goal of this paper is to develop a high-fidelity aircraft simulation model that is exceptionally capable, flexible and responsive to the needs of the researchers. The proposed model includes nonlinear aerodynamic coefficients, a generic engine model and a complete autopilot with auto-landing. The simulation model has been designed to help researchers develop and validate new algorithms for trajectory optimization, control design, stability analysis and parameter estimation. To make it easy to use, the simulation model also includes algorithms for stability and control analysis. Methodologies based on Nelder-Mead's optimization algorithm with a friendly

Ghazi, Georges, Botez, Ruxandra

Flight Altitude Optimization Using Genetic Algorithms Considering Climb and Descent Costs in Cruise with Flight Plan Information

2015-01-254209/15/2015

Flight trajectory optimization algorithms reduce flight cost and fuel consumption, thereby reducing the polluting emissions released to the atmosphere. Ground teams and avionics equipment such as the Flight Management System evaluate different routes to minimize flight costs. The optimal trajectory represents the flight plan given to the crew. The resulting flight plan contains waypoints and weather information such as the wind speed and direction and the temperature for each waypoint. The flight plan is normally introduced manually into the Flight Management System. In this paper, genetic algorithms were applied to the waypoints available in a flight plan to find the altitudes that minimize total fuel consumption, taking into account the cruise-climb and cruise-descent steps' costs. The genetic algorithms emulate the evolution process through a predefined number of generations. Here, an individual is defined as a set of altitudes, whose fitness depends on its ability to improve the

Murrieta-Mendoza, Alejandro, Botez, Ruxandra Mihaela, Félix Patrón, Roberto S

Investigation of GNSS Integrity Augmentation Synergies with Unmanned Aircraft Sense-and-Avoid Systems

2015-01-245609/15/2015

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) can support the development of low-cost and high performance navigation and guidance architectures for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and, in conjunction with suitable data link technologies, the provision of Automated Dependent Surveillance (ADS) functionalities for cooperative Sense-and-Avoid (SAA). In non-cooperative SAA, the adoption of GNSS can also provide the key positioning and, in some cases, attitude data (using multiple antennas) required for automated collision avoidance. A key limitation of GNSS for both cooperative (ADS) and non-cooperative applications is represented by the achievable levels of integrity. Therefore, an Avionics Based Integrity Augmentation (ABIA) solution is proposed to support the development of an Integrity-Augmented SAA (IAS) architecture suitable for both cooperative and non-cooperative scenarios. The performances of this IAS architecture were investigated in representative simulation case studies by

Sabatini, Roberto, Moore, Terry, Hill, Chris, Ramasamy, Subramanian

FMS and AFCS Interface for 4D Trajectory Operations

2015-01-245809/15/2015

The future revolution of the air traffic system imposes the development of a new class of Flight Management Systems (FMS), capable of providing the aircraft with real-time reference flight parameters, necessary to fly the aircraft through a predefined sequence of waypoints, while minimizing fuel consumption, noise and pollution emissions. The main goal is to guarantee safety operations while reducing the aircraft environmental impact, according to the main international research programs. This policy is expected to affect also the Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs), as soon as they will be allowed to fly beyond the restricted portions of the aerospace where they are currently confined. In the future, in fact, UASs are expected to fly within the whole civilian airspace, under the same requirements deriving from the adoption of the Performance Based Navigation (PBN). For UASs, the most attractive strategy to reach this goal consists in adopting the mature technology developed for the civil

Sirigu, Giuseppe, Battipede, Manuela, Gili, Piero, Cassaro, Mario

Aircraft Vertical Route Optimization Deterministic Algorithm for a Flight Management System

2015-01-254109/15/2015

This paper describes an optimization algorithm that provides an economical Vertical Navigation profile plan by finding the combinations of climb, cruise and descent speeds, as well as the altitudes for an aircraft to minimize flight costs. The computational algorithm profits from a space search reduction algorithm to reduce the initial number of speed and altitude combinations. Additional search space reductions were performed with the implementation of the branch and cut algorithm. A bounding function that correctly estimates the flight cost considering step climbs was developed to reduce the number of calculations. The full flight fuel burn cost was obtained using a performance database- based method. The fuel flight cost was computed using the cost index. This algorithm used a performance database instead of equations of motion to compute fuel burn. This database was developed and validated by our industrial partner using real flight experimental data. To validate the algorithm, its

Murrieta-Mendoza, Alejandro, Botez, Ruxandra

Automated ATM System Enabling 4DT-Based Operations

2015-01-253909/15/2015

As part of the current initiatives aimed at enhancing safety, efficiency and environmental sustainability of aviation, a significant improvement in the efficiency of aircraft operations is currently pursued. Innovative Communication, Navigation, Surveillance and Air Traffic Management (CNS/ATM) technologies and operational concepts are being developed to achieve the ambitious goals for efficiency and environmental sustainability set by national and international aviation organizations. These technological and operational innovations will be ultimately enabled by the introduction of novel CNS/ATM and Avionics (CNS+A) systems, featuring higher levels of automation. A core feature of such systems consists in the real-time multi-objective optimization of flight trajectories, incorporating all the operational, economic and environmental aspects of the aircraft mission. This article describes the conceptual design of an innovative ground-based Air Traffic Management (ATM) system featuring

Gardi, Alessandro, Sabatini, Roberto, Ramasamy, Subramanian, Marino, Matthew, Kistan, Trevor

Simulation-Driven Methodology for the Requirements Verification and Safety Assessment of Innovative Flight Control Systems

2015-01-247809/15/2015

The paradigm shift to focus on an enhancement of existing aircraft systems raises the question which of the many possible incremental improvements results in an advantageous solution still considering all existing requirements. Hence, new methodologies for aircraft system design are a prerequisite to cope with such huge and complex design spaces. In the case of flight control system optimization, major design variables are the control surface configuration and actuation as well as their functional allocation. Possible architecture topologies have to be verified inter alia with respect to system safety requirements. In this context, flight dynamic characteristics and handling qualities of the fully operational as well as of several degraded system states of each topology have to be evaluated and checked against common specifications. A model-based verification of the requirements is favorable, resulting in a rapid reduction of the design space. Safety objectives for valid configurations

Kreitz, Tobias, Bornholdt, Riko, Krings, Matthias, Henning, Karsten, Thielecke, Frank

Improvements of the PLANET System for Real-Time Satellite Data Transmission During the HAIC-HIWC Darwin Field Campaign

2015-01-214706/15/2015

The PLANET System was used for real-time satellite data transmission during the HAIC-HIWC Darwin field campaign (January to March 2014). The basic system was initially providing aircraft tracking, chat, weather text messages (METAR, TAF, etc.), and aeronautical information (NOTAMs) in a standalone application. In the framework of the HAIC project, many improvements were made in order to fulfill requirements of the onboard and ground science teams for the field campaign. The aim of this paper is to present the main improvements of the system that were implemented for the Darwin field campaign. New features of the system are related to the hardware component, the communication protocol, weather and tracking display, geomarkers on the map, and image processing and compression before onboard transfer.

Turner, Sandra, Gaubert, Jean-Marc, Gallois, Remy, Dacla, Thibault, Mullie, Ingrid, Bourdon, Aurelien, Dezitter, Fabien, Grandin, Alice, Protat, Alain, Potts, Rodney, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, Strapp, J. Walter

Air-Ground Communications System Aims to Make Flying Safer

TBMG-22298

06/01/2015

Reliance on old-fashioned radio contact by pilots and vulnerable tracking systems is still high, but satellites are set to change sky safety, thanks to international collaboration. The European Space Agency’s Iris program is looking to satellites to make aviation safer through modern communications. Worldwide digital data links via satellite, offering much higher capacity, will become the standard for cockpit crews, with voice communications kept as backup.

Flight Management System Software

TBMG-22301

06/01/2015

Thales Paris La Défense Cedex, France +33 (0)1 57 77 86 26

ADVANCED FLIGHT MANAGEMENT COMPUTER SYSTEM

ARINC702A-4 (Current)12/15/2014

Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee

Cessna Citation X Airplane Grey-Box Model Identification without Preliminary Data

2014-01-215309/16/2014

An airplane model is usually obtained from preliminary wind tunnel experiments and CFD analysis. These models are then tuned from flight test measurements using system identification, and are used for airplane stability assessment and control design. However, sometimes no or little preliminary data and documentation are available and flight test identification is the main mean to obtain the model needed for control system design. If so, the purpose of this paper is to identify the grey-box model of an airplane without initial data using a combination of the least square and output error estimation methods. A grey-box model identification is preferred because it gives aerodynamic parameter estimations of the airplane. Before flight test data are available, this method was applied to the Cessna Citation X business airplane's high fidelity simulations and carried out with human-in-the-loop on a professional level D flight dynamics simulator designed and manufactured by CAE Inc. More than

Hamel, Clément, Botez, Ruxandra, Ruby, Margaux

Wireless Sensing - Future's Password to Digital Avionics System

2014-01-213209/16/2014

Performance of Avionics systems is dictated by the timely availability and usage of critical health parameters. Various sensors are extensively used to acquire and communicate the desired parameters. In today's scenario, sensors are hardwired. The number of sensors is growing due to automation which increases the accuracy of intended Aircraft functions. Sensors are distributed all over the Aircraft and they are connected through wired network for signal processing and communication. LRUs (Line Replaceable Unit) which are integrating various sensors also use a wired approach for communication. The use of a wired network approach poses challenges in terms of cable routing, stray capacitances, noise, mechanical structure and added weight to the structure. The weight of cables contributes significantly to the overall weight of the aircraft. As the weight of Aircraft increases, the required fuel quantity also increases. The Key driver for Airline operational cost is fuel. Fuel quantity is a

Vadgaonkar, Prashant, Janardhan, Ullas, Sivaramasastry, Adishesha

Trajectory Specification for High-Capacity Air Traffic Control

TBMG-19583

05/01/2014

The doubling or tripling of airspace capacity that will be needed over the next several decades will require that tactical separation guidance be automated for appropriately equipped aircraft in high-density airspace. Four-dimensional (4D) trajectory assignment (three-dimensional position as a function of time) will facilitate such automation. A standard trajectory specification format based on XML (Extensible Markup Language) is proposed for that purpose.