Browse Topic: Trucking fleets

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Quotes from COMVEC 201818TOFHP10_0910/1/2018
Industry leaders spoke extensively about all things autonomous-ADAS, big data, connectivity, cybersecurity, machine learning-at the annual SAE event. Here's some of what they had to say. Troy Clarke, Chairman, President & CEO, Navistar “We could [fully] automate 10, 20 percent of the truck fleet that exists and really not disrupt one driver because there's that much need for drivers today.”
Fuel Efficiency Improvements in Heavy Truck Wheel Systems through Advanced Bearing Design and Technology2014-01-23309/30/2014
The base design of commercial vehicle wheel end systems has changed very little over the past 50 years. Current bearings for R-drive and trailer wheel end systems were designed between the 1920's and the 1960's and designs have essentially remained the same. Over the same period of time, considerable gains have been made in bearing design, manufacturing capabilities and materials science. These gains allow for the opportunity to significantly increase bearing load capacity and improve efficiency. Government emissions regulations and the need for fuel efficiency improvements in truck fleets are driving the opportunity for redesigned wheel end systems. The EPA and NHTSA standard requires up to 23% reduction in emissions and fuel consumption by 2017 relative to the 2010 baseline for heavy-duty tractor combinations. This paper summarizes the history of current wheel end bearing designs and the opportunity for change to lighter-weight, cooler-running and more fuel-efficient wheel bearing designs to help meet the new industry standards. Advanced design and modeling principles were applied to analyze improvements, leading to optimized designs. Physical testing validated that these new bearing designs can increase efficiency and reduce weight.
Zwick, Matt
Analysis of Video Event Recorder Data Used for Accident Reconstruction2014-01-23889/30/2014
Trucking fleets are increasingly installing video event recorders in their vehicles. The video event recorder system is usually mounted near the vehicle's rear view mirror, and consists of two cameras: one looking forward and one looking towards the driver. The system also contains accelerometers that record lateral and longitudinal g-loading, and some may record vehicle speed (in mph) based on GPS positions. The unit constantly monitors vehicle acceleration and speed, and also records video. However, the recorded data is only stored when a preset acceleration threshold is met. The primary use of the system is to assist fleets with driver training and education, but the recorded data is also being used as a tool to reconstruct accidents. By integrating the accelerometer data, the vehicle speed and distance traveled during the event can be calculated. However, the calculated speeds and distances from video event recorder data may differ from reconstructions based on data taken from engine control modules (ECM's) or classic reconstruction techniques. The objective of this study was to determine the source(s) of these differences and to determine whether or not the differences could be accounted for and corrected. Results of the study indicate that the differences can be corrected by analyzing the recorded video and matching the calculated results to known vehicle speeds, i.e., when the vehicle comes to rest. In cases where the vehicle does not come to rest during the recorded event, the differences can only be corrected if the vehicle in question can be accurately modeled.
Ball, Jeffrey K., Kittel, Mark, Buss, Trevor, Weiss, Greg
Application of a Tractive Energy Analysis to Quantify the Benefits of Advanced Efficiency Technologies for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Trucks Using Characteristic Drive Cycle Data2012-01-03614/16/2012
Accurately predicting the fuel savings that can be achieved with the implementation of various technologies developed for fuel efficiency can be very challenging, particularly when considering combinations of technologies. Differences in the usage of highway vehicles can strongly influence the benefits realized with any given technology, which makes generalizations about fuel savings inappropriate for different vehicle applications. A model has been developed to estimate the potential for reducing fuel consumption when advanced efficiency technologies, or combinations of these technologies, are employed on highway vehicles, particularly medium- and heavy-duty trucks. The approach is based on a tractive energy analysis applied to drive cycles representative of the vehicle usage, and the analysis specifically accounts for individual energy loss factors that characterize the technologies of interest. This tractive energy evaluation is demonstrated by analyzing measured drive cycles from a long-haul trucking fleet and the results of an assessment of the fuel savings potential for combinations of technologies are presented. The results of this research will enable more reliable estimates of the fuel savings benefits that can be realized with particular technologies and technology combinations for individual trucking applications so that decision makers can make informed investment decisions for the implementation of advanced efficiency technologies.
LaClair, Tim J.
In Fleet Testing of Fuel Saving Measures2010-01-203810/5/2010
An economical method for reliably determining fleet fuel savings that arises out of the application of a vehicle fuel saving measure is presented. The method relies on testing the device on a random sample of vehicles during normal fleet operations. The sample size is determined by variations in fuel economy inherent in the fleet and the minimum increase in fuel economy needed for a desired return on investment in the device. This reduces the probability that the sample is biased. The sample fuel economy is compared to that of an untreated control group of trucks which can be the rest of the fleet or a subset with certain characteristics, like similar idling percentage. The final results provide a range of fuel economy enhancements at a given confidence level. The method has been applied to validate in operation fuel economy increase of a flatbed tractor trailer fleet due to Sinhatech's Deturbulator aero-drag reducing device.
Sinha, Sumon Kumar, Sinha PhD, Sujata
Planning Observations by Unmanned Surface VesselsTBMG-48606/1/2008
Three algorithms, and software that implements the algorithms, have been conceived and analyzed as means of effecting automated planning of scientific observations by a fleet of unmanned surface vessels (USVs) equipped with sensors and operating over a large and possibly changing ocean area. Typical observations envisioned in the development of these algorithms include water-temperature measurements ahead of the path of a hurricane (see figure) and fluorometer readings to track harmful algal blooms.
The Impact of Internet Privacy Regulation on the U.S. Mobility Industry: Nuisance or Economic Catalyst?2000-01-13693/6/2000
Internet privacy regulation has an enormous potential to impact the automotive industry financially. Automotive companies rely on Internet data collection to market directly to consumers successfully, advertise merchandise and services, and expedite a number of internal operations. Government legislation would inevitably require significant changes in these data collection methods and consequently produce large compliance costs. On the other hand, consumer distrust and business loss to the more stringently regulated European Union can also produce significant costs, if Internet privacy regulation is not more effectively enforced. The current method of enforcement, self-regulation, has been highly criticized despite considerable improvement from industry. Many privacy advocates are actively seeking legislation to remedy the problem. This paper recommends the automotive industry play a more active role in addressing Internet privacy concerns by improving self-regulation enforcement and implementing legislation if an adequate level of online privacy can not be achieved within the next year.
Nicholls, Stephen M.
Truck Size and Weight Policy Issues in the Texas-Mexico Border Region98282211/16/1998
This paper is an empirical analysis of trucking and truck size and weight (TS&W) regulations and policy issues in the Texas-Mexico border region. Truck size and weight regulations and policy issues that result from those regulations have an effect on the trucking activity, freight movements, highway safety, and the economy of a region. To evaluate policy issues in a region like the U.S.-Mexico border, it is necessary to first of all, understand the trucking activity and freight movements that take place in this area of the country. With this understanding it is possible to draw conclusions regarding TS&W policy, which may assist decision-makers address policy questions from the perspective of this border.
Montufar, Jeannette, Middleton, Dan, Mendoza, Alberto, Ritchey, Benjamin
Potentials of Onboard Diagnostics and Monitoring and the Impact on the Enterprise Infrastructure98C05110/19/1998
This paper will first take a look at what kind of services onboard diagnostics and monitoring offer. This is done by briefly looking at both the automotive and the aviation industry. Following this, a closer look is taken at the potentials of such systems. Particular attention is given to potential benefits of onboard diagnostics and monitoring in connection with other backend systems. Again, the paper takes examples from related industries (namely aviation and truck fleet management) to generate ideas. Finally, a look is taken at the impact that the realization of the full potential of onboard diagnostics and monitoring might have on the enterprise IT infrastructure, particularly related to enterprise IT systems such as data warehouses or data marts for vehicle data.
Snook, Harry, Alfaro, Enrique
Current and Expected Usage of PC's in Heavy Truck Maintenance96222910/1/1996
The usage of personal computers by members of The Maintenance Council of the American Trucking Associations has been measured through primary market research. Survey results indicate that maintenance management utilization of personal computers is significant and can be expected to continue to grow over the next several years. The computer platform is relatively new and includes peripherals such as communications modems and CD-ROM. Applications most prevalent today are office management and personal productivity packages. Future demand is for more vertical software specific to maintenance training, diagnostics and management.
Crump, Robert, Michaels, Bryan
Trolley Assist for Electric Drive Trucks9511984/1/1995
Trolley assist continues to receive interest from users of electric drive haulage trucks. This paper discusses some of the reasons for this interest and discusses features of the trolley assist systems, including the truck controls. The paper also includes a hypothetical example which compares the performance of a conventional diesel electric truck to that of an electric drive truck with trolley assist.
Crawford, Ronald D.
The Effects of Rapeseed Oil Methyl Ester on Diesel Engine Performance, Exhaust Emissions and Long-Term Behavior - A Summary of Three Years of Experimentation9500532/1/1995
In partnership with French authorities, official laboratories and transport companies, ONIDOL, the French Oilcrop, Association, has managed an experimental programme on the use of Rapeseed Oil Methyl Ester (RME) as diesel fuel. For three years, 30 % - 70 % blends of RNM and diesel fuel, 50 % - 50 % blends and pure ester have been tested on regular bus services as well as on fleets of trucks and light vehicles. At present, in about 60 French cities, some 2,000 vehicles are using 30 % RME and more. Such a large-scale program has given extremely accurate information, leading to nation-wide use. Three fleets have been following a stricter control of lubricating oil and engine deposits with reference vehicles performing the same service on diesel fuel. Chassis dynamometer tests have also enabled a more precise comparison of performance and emissions to be obtained. Fuel consumption, emissions, cold performance, long-term behavior of engine parts and lubricating oil are compared. The use of the 30 % - 70 % blend gives the same efficiency, reduces hydrocarbons, aromatics and particles without a noticeable effect on nitrogen oxide emissions. For a more than 30 % RME blend, although reduction in lubricant viscosity has been observed, effects on engine wear and cleanness were surprisingly as good as reference diesel fuel or even better. These experiments have contributed to technically validate the increasing use in blends of RME produced in accordance with French specifications.
Staat, Frédéric, Gateau, Paul
The Characterization of Used Heavy Duty Engine Coolant9304763/1/1993
The demands on coolant for heavy duty engines are different from those for coolant for automotive engine and other light duty applications. The heavy duty engine coolant often runs 16 to 32,000 km/month (10 to 20,000 miles/month) at engine loads of 70%. Under these conditions the engine coolant's inhibitor package is stressed. The heavy duty engine manufacturers currently recommend the use of supplemental coolant additives (SCA) to extend engine coolant life and to provide liner pitting and hot surface scaling protection. Care must be taken to ensure that the correct SCA levels are maintained. A survey was conducted to characterize engine coolant chemistry for a fleet of heavy duty vehicles. Analyses of the coolant, coolant filter, SCA, make-up coolant and water showed many variables are involved in maintaining the correct balance of inhibitors in the cooling system. The information presented in this paper should help the fleet owner and operator in reviewing/ planning maintenance practices and disposal or recycling options.
Woyciesjes, P. M., Woodward, S. M., Gershun, A. V., Frost, R. A.
National Spatial Data Infrastructure for IVHS in the USA91275010/1/1991
Practically all systems falling into the category of “IVHS” have a need for computerized spatial data, whether they be in-car navigation devices, dispatching or fleet management services or route guidance systems. System developers are faced with having to build customized spatial databases as an additional cost and headache beyond hardware, software and marketing challenges. Despite the wide range of functions that various types of IVHS systems perform, there is a large amount of overlap in database content required to support these systems. The author proposes an elemental definition of a generic database supporting most IVHS functions. Several Federal agencies provide pieces of a generic IVHS spatial data infrastructure. The paper reviews these database resources from the standpoints of basic needs of various IVHS components, missions of database providers and of various IVHS and mapping committees and study groups. Models for provision of an IVHS database infrastructure are outlined.
Cooke, Donald F.
Development of a Third Generation on Board Computer System89251311/1/1989
An expert software system has been designed and implemented to solve the problems associated with user acceptance of on board computers in heavy trucks. The resulting third generation on board computer system addresses the major marketplace issues responsible for the relatively poor market penetration for on board computer systems. The administrative cost of operating an on board computer system program has been reduced by up to 70% through automating the data management process and automatically providing fleet management with easy to read memos which document the performance of the fleet. The memos are designed for several specific management levels from the driver through the company president. Memos designed specifically for drivers are generated on an exception basis and utilize a unique “coaching” approach to help improve the driver's performance.
Diefenbaker, Thomas A.
Productivity in Small Scale Assembly Plants85228211/11/1985
Low volume assembly plants have traditionally suffered from relatively low productivity, finding it difficult to justify automation and requiring more skill from operators to achieve comparative first time capability levels. This paper describes how with the application of modern management philosophies and techniques, and utilising the ingenuity from all levels of the company startling results can be achieved. It also describes what automation can be justified and how we can make gains in waste reduction by questioning everything we do, then doing the job right first time.
Tredwell, Brian J.
Light-Truck Fuel Economy–Trends Through 198484140510/1/1984
Light duty truck fuel economy trends from model year 1975 through 1984 are examined, with special emphasis placed on model year 1984. Actual production volumes are given for model years 1975 through 1982. Data for 1983 and 1984 model years include EPA estimates of sales, in which projected sales data submitted by manufacturers were adjusted using the same procedure as described in (1)*. For fuel economy trend analysis, a modified truck classification system is presented and discussed. In addition, the model year 1975 to model year 1979 light truck data bases have been updated to include those trucks with gross vehicle weights (GVWs) between 6000 and 8500 lbs; accordingly the paper treats all model year trucks from 1975 through 1984 as 0-8500 lb GVW fleets. This paper, along with the passenger car fuel economy trends paper (1), gives a complete picture of fuel economy trends through 1984. Combined car/truck fleet analyses are presented in Appendix A.
Loos, S. L., Cheng, J. P., Murrell, J. D., Heavenrich, R. M.
Aspects of Over-the-Road Testing of Truck Aerodynamic Drag Reducing Devices8212862/1/1982
The problem of evaluating the fuel savings effectiveness of a truck aerodynamic drag reducing device in an over-the-road test is considered. The sensitivity of a vehicle's fuel consumption rate to factors other than the drag reduction produced by a device is discussed to illustrate potential sources of error. Evaluations of typical performances of several different drag reducing designs demonstrate how effectiveness varies as a function of the design of a device and the short-term and the long-term wind conditions under which it operates. Current SAE over-the-road test procedures are discussed in terms of the correlation between the test result and the probable long-term final savings produced by a device. Results from several fleet experiments are reviewed to illustrate differences in fuel savings results as functions of the drag reduction potential of the vehicle, the design of the device, the test conditions, the test technique employed, and the method of data interpretation. Guidelines for the meaningful evaluation of the effectiveness of a drag reducing device are presented.
Buckley,, Frank T.
Power Plant — Refinery Optimisation in Australia81140111/1/1981
The cost effectiveness of changes to the power plant are examined. In 1979 diesel fuel represented 12.5% of the fuel consumed by road vehicles and 98% of light vehicles used petrol. The petrol/distillate ratio was 1.33 in 1979/80. A petrol/ distillate ratio change is not a cost-effective energy conservation strategy unless crude oil has a real value greater than $35/bbl for commercial vehicles. The value for cars is $100/bbl or the additional capital costs of $1000 must be equivalent to less than 9c/L of the fuel used per year. Some minor changes in fleet composition are indicated. The use of LPG fuel from indigenous sources is more cost effective than conversion to diesel power plants.
Hamilton, R. B.
Multigrade Gear Lubricants in Truck Fleet Testing—Analysis for Fuel Economy Effects8101782/1/1981
The use of specially formulated engine oil is now an acceptable means of increasing the fuel efficiency of a vehicle. In principle, many of the same arguments used to justify their performance can also be applied to gear lubricants. Viscometrics and shear stability are discussed as they pertain to proper polymer selection for gear lubricant service. The fuel efficiency effects for three experimental lubricants relative to a commercial SAE 90 grade fluid were determined from a 3.1 million mile (5.0 million km) fleet test involving heavy duty trucks in normal service. The statistical techniques used to design this fleet test and analyze the data are presented, and the physical interpretation of the results is discussed. The results show that use of properly selected multi-grade gear lubricants can result in significant reduction in fuel consumption.
Stambaugh, R. L., Galluccio, R. A., Koller, R. D.
Effects of Technological Developments on Air Cargo Centre Planning7808782/1/1978
Planning of cargo facilities depends on important variables such as demand forecasts, technological progress, design techniques and the existing policy directives. This paper assesses the effects of an evolving technological environment on the other basic planning considerations. The nature of the planning process is described and related to a forecasted technological scenario for major Canadian airports in 1990. The impact of planning and operational problems on the substance and scope of cargo related government policy is examined within the context of an actual policy review program.
Koplyay, T., Hanchet, D.
Computerized Preventive Maintenance - Is it Worthwhile?7106682/1/1971
The costs of truck maintenance record keeping can be significantly reduced by the use of predesigned computer programs. Sufficient maintenance detail may be recorded, classified, and presented in a manner which will enable management to make meaningful maintenance evaluations of their fleet. These programs can provide historical as well as current maintenance data on each unit within a given fleet. Data, initially recorded on forms by the individual mechanic or driver, is edited by clerical people and electronically recorded. The records are then converted into specific maintenance cost reports classified by both vehicle and fleet.
Baker, William H.
Reduction of Diesel Smoke in California6605482/1/1966
The California legislature, engine manufacturers, fleet operators, and enforcement agencies have pursued an active program of diesel smoke reduction since 1939. This program has resulted in creditably low smoke levels. While diesels do not contribute substantially to total community air pollution problems, the public complains about the bad appearance of diesel smoke. There are many fruitful approaches for fleet operators to reduce diesel smoke, including more strict maintenance, fuel additive, driver indoctrination, and engine derating. Fleets in the Los Angeles area have achieved excellent smoke reduction by these methods and, at the same time, maintain clean, first-class, economical operations. Two of these fleets are analyzed in this report.
Brubacher, Miles L.
Selection of Tires for Over-the-Road Vehicles6500582/1/1965
Two conditions must be fulfilled in selecting truck tires for over-the-road service: tires must be adequate for the service, and tire costs must be minimal. Four types of truck tires available for over-the-road service are: highway tires -- usable for all highway service except where extra traction is required; “extra tread” highway tires -- usable to obtain higher tread miles when tire temperature is not excessive; “cross lug” highway tires --usable on drive wheels to obtain higher tread miles and extra traction; and special service mud-snow tires -- usable on drive wheels to provide added traction in mud or snow or other limited off-the-road service.
Denton, William
Mutual Advantages of Integrating Bus and Truck Maintenance6400371/1/1964
An appraisal of the advantages of integrating truck and bus maintenance in a vehicle fleet maintenance program is presented. Basically, reliability and cost are the major considerations in any fleet program. Evidence is presented indicating that generally bus maintenance shops are better equipped, have better trained mechanics, utilize an effective preventive maintenance program, and have an optimum balance between maintenance cost and road failure cost. Generally speaking, bus repair shops can be utilized to the mutual advantage of truck and bus operators by using spare capacity of bus shops and thus eliminating this responsibility from truck operators.
Boyce, Carroll W.
Economics of Periodic Checkout of Engines6302931/1/1963
Calculations show that periodic engine checkout and maintenance provide considerable savings in man hours and money in the operation of truck fleets. Benefits obtained are increased miles per gallon, reduced engine repair and replacement, reduced low power complaints, and increased availability of units and efficiency.
Robinson, S. E.
Truck Tire Construction — Tubeless — Duplex6305171/1/1963
Truck tire constructions are the basic foundation supporting the various tire designs and features in modern high speed trucking service. This paper discusses present and new materials used in truck tires. The performance of reduced ply tires with higher strength cord materials is also discussed. An evaluation of tubeless truck tires compared to tube type, recently made by a large commercial fleet, is reviewed. The Duplex tire is evaluated based upon current service applications and the effect of road crown on duals versus singles.
Weber, A. F.
MANAGEMENT, MEN AND MACHINES6003521/1/1960
SIMKINS, MURRAY K.
FIELD TESTING OF AUTOMOTIVE LUBRICANTS5901171/1/1959
Methods and equipment used in the field evaluation of crank-case oils and automotive greases are described. Data from a number of field tests are presented to illustrate the results.
SPROULE, L. W., LONSTRUP, T. F., PATTENDEN, W. C.
EFFECT OF NEW LUBRICANTS ON STRETCHING OUT PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE INTERVALS5601941/1/1956
True value of new chassis and engine lubricants can only be determined by tests under actual operating and maintenance conditions. Factors other than just the quality and performance of the lubricant, should be considered before any extension of the lubrication interval is attempted. However, under certain conditions, appreciable extension of the interval is possible with the use of a molybdenum disulfide grease. In limited tests, using an SAE 30, MTL-0-2104 oil as the reference, a 20W-40 oil gave greater fuel and oil economy whereas an SAE 30, Series 2 oil gave less fuel and greater oil economy. Additional tests for verification and determination of effects upon stretching out the PM interval are needed.
DACH, A. A.
Fleet Management: A Job Evaluation5302331/1/1953
SINCE there are nearly 22,000 fleets of trucks, comprising a total of 1,260,000 vehicles, operating in the nation, this author presents a review of management factors that should have wide appeal. Within the scope of fleet management he considers reduction of capital expenditure and operating expenses, and facilitation of executive supervision. Equipment selection and retirement, maintenance, and vehicle operating techniques are among the topics discussed. He emphasizes the need for better understanding and cooperation between the fleet owner and the truck manufacturer, thus correlating actual field service with design and production engineering problems.
Preble, T.L.
Fast Replacement or Heavy Maintenance5302501/1/1953
FAST replacement - with maintenance reduced to the lowest point consistent with safety - is the theme presented by this author. On the basis of TVA fleet policies, he argues the case for fast replacement. He follows up with an analysis of the question: when is fast replacement fast? He cites high job-shop overhead costs, which makes unit replacement of accessories, and early replacement of vehicles, economically inviting - except for large, special trucks. He proposes mass-production overhaul of components on large-volume, nationwide basis. He emphasizes the need for balanced component designing, looking forward to a future when all components in one vehicle will wear out together.
Hudson, Charles C.
SYMPOSIUM ON LEASING VS. COMPANY OWNERSHIP5201871/1/1952
PRESENT-DAY TRUCK TIRE MAINTENANCE4601371/1/1946
SORCI, BEN
OPERATORS' EXPERIENCE WITH WIDE BASE RIMS4600081/1/1946
GOHN, E. P.
PROBLEMS OF TRUCK FLEET MAINTENANCE4100381/1/1941
Glade, Peter
SOME ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF UTILITY FLEETS4001221/1/1940
Whitfield, Randolph
REDUCING COSTS3801041/1/1938
Anthony, C. G.
C.O.E. TRUCK MAINTENANCE VS. CONVENTIONAL TRUCK MAINTENANCE3700941/1/1937
Cass, R.
“Rating a 14000 Lb. Gross Vehicle Weight Truck”3700571/1/1937
Schon, Pierre
Butane as an Automotive Fuel3401131/1/1934
RECENT active interest in the use of commercial butane gas as a fuel for highway-transportation equipment, particularly on the Pacific Coast, indicated to Mr. Barnard the advisability of resurveying the field of possible substitutes for gasoline, especially as regards butane. Since rapid developments in the conversion of truck fleets to use butane as fuel took place in the West, Mr. Barnard considers the possibility of the general use of butane in this class of service. After going into detail regarding the chemical properties and performances of butane and gasoline, as well as their economic aspects, Mr. Barnard concludes that an attempt to supply butane under the conditions necessary for highway units eventually would result in a final cost to the operator-on a gallonage basis-higher than that prevailing for regular gasoline. He states that no very widespread use of butane as a fuel could occur without increasing the demand to a status at which the cost would be prohibitive.
Barnard, D. P.
NOTES ON MOTOR TRUCKS2200511/1/1922
After pointing out that the publication of articles in the trade and technical journals, to the effect that very considerable weight-reductions in motor-truck construction with consequent savings in gasoline and tires are possible, works an injustice to the motor-truck industry and is misleading, the author outlines some of the reasons why such weight-reductions are very difficult to effect, as well as the possibilities of standardizing axle details. The use of aluminum to effect weight-reduction is commented upon and the various advantages claimed for metal wheels are mentioned. In the latter connection the author points out that, while these claims may be true, they are unsupported by reliable data. The greater part of the paper is devoted to an account of a series of tests conducted by a large coal company to determine the relative merits of wood and metal wheels on its trucks. Four trucks, each equipped with wood and metal wheels on diagonal corners so as to secure, as far as possible, an equalization of conditions were employed. The tests lasted over a year, and at their conclusion it was found that the average wear of the tires mounted on metal wheels was about 13 per cent greater than that of tires mounted on wood wheels. The question of unsprung weight is discussed, as is the importance of reducing chassis and body weights to a minimum, but it is pointed out that a reduction in these weights does not necessarily mean a resultant saving in the gasoline consumption or the tire expense. Lubrication of the various parts of a motor-truck chassis also receives attention, the annual cost of truck repairs due to poor lubrication of the chassis being given as from $15,000,000 to $20,000,000, in addition to which there is a loss of earnings while the trucks are being repaired of from $30,000,000 to $35,000,000. The superiority of oil over grease as a chassis lubricant is emphasized. In conclusion it is pointed out that the next few years will see bitter competition in motor-truck service and that refinement of detail and simplification of operating features will be emphasized. The need for the unexperienced buyer to secure expert advice regarding the design of the vehicles offered him is stressed, it being stated that this practice would clarify the situation for both the buyer and the seller.
MYERS, CORNELIUS T
MOTOR TRUCK WHEELS1300401/1/1913
SLADE, ARTHUR J.
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