Browse Topic: Mining vehicles and equipment

Items (197)

SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Autonomous Mining Critical to Global Demand for Minerals

1337112/12/2022

With the exponential rise in EV adoption comes a surge in global demand for minerals like graphite, lithium, nickel and cobalt. To keep pace, more mines around the world are needed to get up and running quickly. Enter SafeAI, a company accelerating the world's transition to autonomous mining and construction. By retrofitting heavy duty vehicles and site operations with autonomous technology, SafeAI enables safer, more productive, and more cost-efficient worksites. In terms of supporting the EV supply chain, SafeAI's autonomously operating assets can significantly expedite the development of a mine, which typically takes up to 10 years. Enabled by autonomy, each vehicle can add approximately 1,000 additional hours of productivity per year. We sat down with Bibhrajit Halder, Founder & CEO of SafeAI, to discuss the global state of mining, the move to zero-emission vehicles, and the future of autonomous mining and construction in an era of massive industry adoption.

Hineman, Marcie

SPACE DEBRIS - NEW ENGINEERING AND BUSINESS FRONTIERS

2022-26-113905/26/2022

Due to the magnitude of launches in recent times, there is a significant rise in space debris. This perpetual forecasted increase has provided the engineers and business forerunners an opportunity to introduce new markets in the removal and resale of Space Debris as an economic good. The paper shall propose two aspects of the conduction of Space Debris trade: Engineering and Business. The recovery of the debris consists of a Parasitic Satellite with ion-thrusters and onboard compact flight computers, which clings onto massive space debris and forces them for re-entry into the atmosphere, at a trajectory that is safe and traffic-free. These parasitic satellites can be manufactured in three size variations depending upon the target space debris, to maintain weight constraints for the rocket carrier. They are deployed at the target orbits by a carrier. While the large metallic debris is removed by the satellites using electromagnets, the smaller debris is captured by a Wolverine material

Giridharan, Nithyaashree

SAE TOMORROW TODAY: Cat MineStar Pushing Autonomy to New Levels

1301505/17/2021

Caterpillar Inc., known globally for autonomous vehicle fleets, has hauled 3 billion tons of material to date. On this episode, Michael C. Murphy, Chief Engineer at Cat MineStar Solutions, shares how process, people and productivity, as well as the commitment to safety are working together to make this tremendous impact on the mining industry.

Hineman, Marcie

Autonomy Takes Off-highway

20AVEP11_0611/01/2020

Integrating automation systems in mining, agricultural and construction machines can increase safety and productivity in the field and bring significant economic benefits. Autonomous operation for on-highway commercial vehicles has grabbed headlines and public attention, rightfully so since these haulers increasingly will share the roads with passenger vehicles. But there is a lot of interesting new core work occurring in the off-highway autonomy space as well, according to Brendan Chan, chief engineer of unmanned systems and active safety at Oshkosh Corp. “There's the hub-to-hub stuff that everyone's been talking about. There's also a lot of geofence, low-speed applications where autonomy could be very useful and a very good value,” Chan said at the 2020 SAE COMVEC Digital Summit. Vehicles for yard maneuvering is one such application.

Annual Product Guide

20TOFHP06_1206/01/2020

Enriching Systems Theory Based Cyber-Security and Safety Analysis Using Stakeholder Value Networks

2020-01-014304/14/2020

System-theoretic process analysis for security (STPA-Sec) is a powerful safety and security analysis method that focuses on unsafe and unsecure interactions between subsystems rather than component failure and its resulting chain-of-event failure modes. The first step of STPA-Sec requires the analyst to identify the system boundary and list the system losses and hazards. Current approach to performing this first and critical step of STPA-Sec requires interviewing the stakeholders and could potentially result in a narrow focus due to stakeholder’s mental model and resulting answers to questions. In some cases, stakeholders are not available for interviews and we risk influencing the system loss identification by the mental model of the analyst. We believe these two potential issues in the STPA-Sec analysis: narrow focus and missing access to stakeholder, can be address by factoring additional system information through stakeholder analysis. To illustrate the benefit of this approach a

Sidhu, Amardeep, Moulton, Allen

Study of skid steering method for distributed-drive articulated heavy vehicle based on the co-simulation model

2020-01-076104/14/2020

Distributed-driver articulated steering vehicles (DASVs), the particular engineering equipment, have good maneuverability and tractability in poor road and narrow space conditions. They are always used in the mining, construction, forest, and agricultural industry. Its structure comprise front and rear frame connected by an articulation joint and two hydraulic struts. In the steering process, these two struts are driven by pump of hydraulic system, and the vehicle will turn following the control of steering wheel with the coupling effects of articulation joint and struts. But due to the high load of the DASVs, the influence of pressure of outlet chamber, and the compressible of the oil, it is easy to cause the high pressure level, the low energy efficiency, and poor stability in hydraulic steering process. This is not conducive to improving the security, economy, and stability of DASVs. Therefore, in order to solve these problems, this paper will make the DASVs as the objective vehicle

Xu, Tao, Ji, Xuewu, Fei, Cong, Liu, Yahui, Shen, Yanhua

Steering Behavior of an Articulated Amphibious All-Terrain Tracked Vehicle

2020-01-099604/14/2020

This paper presents a study related to an Articulated Amphibious All-Terrain Tracked Vehicle (ATV) characterized by a modular architecture. The ATV is composed by two modules: the first one hosts mainly the vehicle engine and powertrain components, meanwhile the second one can be used for goods transportation, personnel carrier, crane and so on. The engine torque is transmitted to the front axle sprocket wheel of each module and finally distributed on the ground through a track mechanism. The two modules are connected through a multiaxial joint designed to guarantee four relative degrees of freedom. To steer the ATV, an Electro Hydraulic Power System (EHPS) is adopted, thus letting the vehicle steerable on any kind of terrain without a differential tracks speed. The paper aims to analyze the steady-state lateral behavior of the ATV on a flat road, through a non-linear mathematical vehicle model built in Matlab/Simulink environment. The model describes the vehicle main planar motion and

Tota, Antonio, Velardocchia, Mauro, Rota, Emanuele, Novara, Andrea

A Real-Time Obstacle-Avoidance Trajectory Planner for On-Road Autonomous Vehicle

2020-01-501802/24/2020

A real-time obstacle-avoidance trajectory planner for on-road autonomous vehicle is proposed in this paper. A cubic B spline core is parametric to generate path with continuous curvature as well as taking the extreme curvature limited by steer system into account. By sampling the target sets via offsetting along the reference path, lots path sets are produced with same heading. As embedded with collision checker and path evaluator, a path selector could pick out the best one to planning speed profile for coupling trajectory to track. Finally, according to the change of path curvature, the speed profile scheduler addresses the conflict of curvature and deceleration. Referencing to the ISO3888-2:2011, a collision avoidance scenario was design to validate the planner. The test results of ten cycles test illustrate that the planner has high enough real-time performance as mean plan time less than 100ms with success rate about 100%.

Yishan, Li, Lu, Xiong, Dequan, Zeng, Puhang, Xu, Zhuoren, Li

EDITORIAL: ConExpo: Go big or go home

20TOFHP02_0602/01/2020

My inbox has been inundated with notifications of exciting new construction equipment, power systems, and other advanced technologies to be revealed at the rapidly approaching ConExpo/Con-Agg and IFPE shows in March. For example, as I write this in mid-January, Kubota teases that it is entering a new product segment and will unveil new equipment at the Las Vegas event. And the onslaught will only intensify in the coming weeks. Not that I'm complaining. North America's largest construction trade-show comes around just every three years, so the excitement surrounding it is warranted and the number of new-product launches justified-it's a big event.

Volvo CE showcases 100-ton EC950F excavator, new hybrid assist that cuts fuel use by 15%

20TOFHP02_1302/01/2020

The entrance to Volvo Construction Equipment's ConExpo-Con/Agg exhibit (F3432), through what the company has dubbed “excavator alley,” will lead to the manufacturer's largest excavator offered in North America: the 100-ton (90-tonne) EC950F crawler excavator. The reason Volvo CE is emphasizing its excavator lineup is simple, according to Ray Gallant, VP of sales support: more than half of the units sold in construction equipment are excavators. “We see a continuing good market in the next couple of years in North America,” said Gallant, during a pre-ConExpo press event in mid-January. “Traditionally, we've been strong in the small construction, compact equipment and road sectors; this [excavator] takes us into the light mining as well and expands our footprint in that part of the construction-equipment arena.”

Narrower focus, BIGGER PAYOFF

19TOFHP12_0312/01/2019

Design teams are targeting focused markets for their commercial electric-vehicle programs to combat challenges like range and infrastructure. Government regulations are prompting a changeover to electric powertrains, with early growth coming in commercial vehicle applications where range and recharging are more easily managed. Greater expansion will require revisions in maintenance and broader availability of charging stations as well as improved driving ranges. Electric vehicle (EV) introductions are coming at a rapid pace, and major fleet owners like Penske and Amazon are placing significant orders. ABI Research predicts that commercial-vehicle shipments will hit 3 million units worldwide by 2024. That's a strong 28% growth rate over the next five years. Most of that expansion will come in operations with planned routes and home-base charging, according to ABI.

EDITORIAL: Word on the street at COMVEC

19TOFHP10_0610/01/2019

Last month's SAE COMVEC technical conference in Indianapolis welcomed many high-level engineering leaders who spoke to show-goers about a range of important topics impacting on- and off-highway vehicles. The two main tracks at the event, Fueling the Future and Charging the Future, covered various alternative propulsion and electrification trends and technologies (see features on pages 22 and 29). And of course, automated driving systems and the best approaches to achieving highly automated vehicles were on the docket.

Lunar Surface Manipulation System

TBMG-3491208/01/2019

NASA's Langley Research Center offers a novel lifting and precision positioning device with hybrid functional characteristics of both crane-type lifting devices and robotic manipulators. The design of the Lunar Surface Manipulation System (LSMS) allows for fine positioning with complete control over both translation and rotation of the payload. In addition, the design permits several other operations using a wide variety of special-purpose tools — such as a bucket, pallet forks, grappling devices, sensor, and visualization packages — and dexterous robotic arms that can be quickly added to the tip.

Trucks with INTUITION

19TOFHP08_0408/01/2019

Perceptive Automata partners with Volvo Trucks to demonstrate AI technology that can determine when pedestrians will cross the road. The automotive and commercial vehicle industries are working on answers to a tremendous number of questions no one bothered to ask before. Volvo, for example, wants to know if vehicles can have human intuition. It's not as absurd a concept as it might seem, if you limit the definition of intuition to the specific question of whether a pedestrian is about to cross the street in front of an autonomous vehicle (AV). A new project by Volvo Trucks and Perceptive Automata, an artificial intelligence (AI) start-up based in Boston and Silicon Valley, is using the fact that people don't really hide this information, to build better AVs. The challenge is getting machines to recognize the all-too-human clues.

Blanco, Sebastian

CHANGE IS AFOOT

19TOFHP08_0508/01/2019

Cummins and its CTO help focus the 2019 SAE COMVEC on the fast-shifting technology landscape that faces both on- and off-highway sectors. Jennifer Rumsey has been a member of SAE International her entire career and has participated in the organization's COMVEC event as an attendee and occasional panelist for well over a decade. Now, as Vice President and Chief Technical Officer at Cummins Inc., her role in the annual affair has been elevated, providing executive leadership for this year's programming and presenting an opening-day keynote presentation, along with her Cummins colleague Rich Freeland, President and Chief Operations Officer. “This is a key period of change for our industry and this year is Cummins 100th anniversary, so it was a really good tie with COMVEC and you'll see that connected to the theme of the conference,” she said. That theme, Charging & Fueling the Next 100 Years, hints at the growing diversity of power solutions that engineers and companies working in the on

Steering for Off-Road, Rubber-Tired Machines

J1511_201907 (Current)07/29/2019

This SAE Standard applies to off-road rubber-tired machines having rated speed capability exceeding 20 km/h. Only the following machine categories in SAE J1116 are included in the scope of this document. a. Earthmoving b. Other than earthmoving: except rollers and compactors c. General purpose industrial d. Forestry e. Specialized mining machinery Applicable steering systems include the following means of providing power for steering: a. Manual steering b. Power-assisted steering c. Full-power steering This document does not imply that secondary steering is mandatory. However, if secondary steering is provided, performance and test requirements are included.

OPTC1, Personnel Protection (General)

19TOFHP06_1506/01/2019

For years Volvo Construction Equipment has operated wheel loaders via remote control in underground mining operations, first for very dedicated tasks and more recently increasing the flexibility and scope of their operation. A recent test program with mining company Boliden examined both standard WiFi and a 4G+ communication system built with the help of Ericsson, on a machine located more than 400 m (1,300 ft) below ground. Though the program was deemed a great success by both companies and considered an important step on the pathway to truly autonomous machines, they agreed that a more robust communication system was necessary. Hello 5G. Volvo CE is now trialing 5G mobile connectivity in a two-year partner program by Telia and Ericsson, this time employing a remote-controlled wheel loader, the L180H, in a 25-hectare constructionsite setting in Eskilstuna, Sweden. Calle Skillsäter, Volvo CE's technical specialist for connected machines, offers some insights on the technology, this

Caterpillar Ventures invests in Fisker for electric future

19TOFHP02_1102/01/2019

As automotive manufacturers compete to produce lower-cost electric vehicles (EVs) with greater ranges than ever, the off-highway construction and mining equipment industry has continued to show interest in the technologies developed for automotive use. Last year, Komatsu partnered with NVIDIA to integrate its AI (artificial intelligence) technologies for safer construction equipment. Now, Caterpillar Venture Capital, the business investment arm of Caterpillar, has invested in Fisker Inc. to further its EV technology developments into the off-highway industry. “It's not just the automotive industry that's going electric,” Henrik Fisker, Chairman and CEO of Fisker, told Truck & Off-Highway Engineering. “Caterpillar and Fisker are in two very different industries serving very different customers, but we're both interested in being part of developing the next-generation, game-changing battery technologies that may power vehicles of all varieties.”

Volvo CE, Skanska demonstrate concept electric site

19TOFHP02_0602/01/2019

Volvo Construction Equipment and Swedish construction and mining company Skanska have recorded impressive initial results from an electric quarry research project. The two companies, working in partnership with the Swedish Energy Agency and two local universities, established an electric site within Skanska's Vikan Kross Quarry, near Gothenburg in Sweden. The concept site has been using a diesel electric hybrid wheeled loader, a cable-electric crawler excavator and crushing equipment, plus eight battery-powered autonomous haulers to quarry and transport blasted rock from the quarry face. In normal operation, the site requires a 70-tonne (77-ton) crawler excavator, a diesel-driven mobile crusher, a 50-tonne (55-ton) wheeled loader and three 50-tonne capacity rigid dump trucks to move around 700 tonnes (770-tons) of blasted rock per hour within the quarry. Between them, these machines consume around 3,000 L (792 gal) of diesel in a working day.

Clip Fastener Fitting

J1467_201808 (Current)08/24/2018

This SAE Standard covers material and dimensional requirements of steel clip fastener fittings. These fittings are intended for use in hydraulic systems on industrial equipment primarily in mining applications.

Hydraulic Hose and Hose Fittings Committee

Demolition Probe Gives Construction Workers a Break

TBMG-2870304/01/2018

Initially designed for use on the Moon, the Electro-Hydraulic Fracturing system — developed at Auburn University with NASA funding — relies upon short, high-pulse power created by ultra-high capacitors. Two electrodes featuring a high voltage difference are placed in a small amount of non-toxic liquid — an ounce of water, for example. After the proprietary probe is placed in a drilled hole within concrete or rock, a very rapid release of high-voltage electrical energy, stored in the capacitors, is discharged. The liquid provides the spark between electrodes, resulting in a high-temperature containable “plasma ball.” The ping-pong-ball-sized bead creates a shock wave with pressures that exceed the material’s compressive strength, causing a fracture.

SAE AE-7 High Temperature Components Survey, 2005

AIR5709A (Current)11/30/2017

To present the results of a survey taken concerning future applications for high-temperature electronics and sensors.

AE-7B Power Management, Distribution and Storage

Mechanical Design, Prototyping, and Validation of A Martian Robot Mining System

2017-01-130503/28/2017

A robot mining system was developed by the State Space Robotic undergraduate student design team from Mississippi State University (MSU) for the 2016 NASA Robotic Mining Competition. The mining robot was designed to traverse the Martian chaotic terrain, excavate a minimum of 10 kg of Martian regolith and deposit the regolith into a collector bin within 10 minutes as part of the competition. A Systems Engineering approach was followed in proceeding with this design project. The designed mining robot consisted of two major components: (1) mechanical system and (2) control system. This paper mainly focuses on the design and assessment process of the mechanical system but will also briefly mention the control system so as to evaluate the designed robotic system in its entirety. The final designed robot consisted of an aluminum frame driven by four motors and wheels. It utilized a scoop and lifting arm subsystem for collecting and depositing Martian regolith. This subsystem was powered by

Liu, Yucheng, Batte, Jeremy, Collins, Zachary, Bateman, Jennifer, Atkins, John, Davis, Madelyn, Salley, David, Bethel, Cindy L., Ball, John, Archibald, Christopher

Investigation of the Influence of an Hydraulically Interconnected Suspension (HIS) on Steady-State Cornering

2017-01-043003/28/2017

This paper introduces a vehicle model in CarSim, and replaces a portion of its standard suspension system with an HIS model built in an external software to implement co-simulations. The maneuver we employ to characterize the HIS vehicle is a constant radius method, i.e. observing the vehicle’s steering wheel angle by fixing its cornering radius and gradually increasing its longitudinal speed. The principles of the influence of HIS systems on cornering mainly focus on two factors: lateral load transfer and roll steer effect. The concept of the front lateral load transfer occupancy ratio (FLTOR) is proposed to evaluate the proportions of lateral load transfer at front and rear axles. The relationship between toe and suspension compression is dismissed firstly to demonstrate the effects of lateral load transfer and then introduced to illustrate the effects of roll motion on cornering. The simulation results demonstrate that the design parameters of HIS systems including fluid cylinders

Zhang, Bangji, Tian, Kaidong, Hu, Wen, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Nong

A New Data-Driven Design Method for Thin-Walled Vehicular Structures Under Crash Loading

2017-01-146303/28/2017

A new design methodology based on data mining theory has been proposed and used in the vehicle crashworthiness design. The method allows exploring the big dataset of crash simulations to discover the underlying complicated relationships between response and design variables, and derive design rules based on the structural response to make decisions towards the component design. An S-shaped beam is used as an example to demonstrate the performance of this method. A large amount of simulations are conducted and the results form a big dataset. The dataset is then mined to build a decision tree. Based on the decision tree, the interrelationship among the geometric design variables are revealed, and then the design rules are derived to produce the design cases with good energy absorbing capacity. The accuracy of this method is verified by comparing the data mining model prediction and simulation data. The result indicates that the data mining based methodology could overcome the weakness of

Du, Xianping, Zhu, Feng, Chou, Clifford C.

Methodology for the Effective Stabilization of Tin-Oxide-Based Oxidation/Reduction Catalysts

TBMG-2634902/01/2017

NASA Langley researchers, in work spanning more than a decade, have developed a portfolio of technologies for low-temperature gas catalysis. Originally developed to support space-based CO2 lasers, the technology has evolved into an array of performance capabilities and processing approaches, with potential applications ranging from indoor air filtration to automotive catalytic converters and industrial smokestack applications. The technology has been used commercially in systems that provide clean air to racecar drivers, as well as incorporated into commercially available filtration systems for diesel mining equipment. Backed with extensive research on these technologies, NASA welcomes interest in the portfolio for other commercial and industrial applications.

Addendum of Self-Aligned Ion Implant to Design and Processing of SiC High-Temperature Transistors for Durable Operation Above 400 °C

TBMG-2550610/01/2016

Researchers at NASA’s Glenn Research Center have developed a revolutionary new generation of silicon carbide (SiC) integrated circuit (IC) chips, setting an unprecedented benchmark in the field of high-temperature electronics. In the past, SiC ICs could not withstand more than a few hours of 500 °C temperatures before degrading or failing. Now, Glenn has successfully fabricated prototype chips that can exceed 10,000 hours of continuous operation at 500 °C. The advanced performance stems in part from the development of Glenn’s patented iridium interfacial stack (IrIS), a bondable metallization stack that prevents diffusion of oxygen and gold into silicon carbide (SiC) integrated circuits operating above 500 °C. The enhanced reliability of these components (and the transistors and logic boards they support) will enable important improvements in the control and operation of combustion engines, well-drilling, and other harsh environment systems, thereby greatly impacting operational

A Method for Suppressing Pantograph Bounce of Trolley-Assisted Mining Dump Trucks

2016-01-804809/27/2016

A method for suppressing pantograph bounce of trolley-assisted mining dump trucks is proposed and verified. Pantograph bounce is a phenomenon in which a pantograph loses contact with an overhead trolley line. Electrical components installed in the dump truck may be damaged by arcing when pantograph bounce occurs. In conventional countermeasures, road roughness is reduced by maintenance of the road surface and pantograph contact pressure is increased by additional actuators; however, pantograph bounce recurs when road and dump-truck conditions change. It is therefore important to prevent pantograph bounce even in the cases of no road maintenance and no pantograph modification. The proposed suppression method consists of two key functions: predicting pantograph bounce and preventing the front end of vehicle from sinking on the basis of the predicted pantograph bounce. The pantograph-bounceprediction function uses principal vehicle-vibration frequency to calculate the extent that

Nakamura, Akihiro, Kaneko, Satoru, Minoshima, Toshikazu, Oda, Naokazu

Western Star debuts Extreme Duty Offroad package, new ‘transformer’ chassis

16OFHP08_1208/01/2016

Western Star is known for its tough vocational trucks and now offers an off-road product that competes with the articulated and rigid frame markets. The truck maker recently announced its new Extreme Duty (XD) Offroad package and the launch of the MBT-40 Transformer chassis. Available on both the 4900 and 6900 models, the Western Star XD Offroad package is engineered specifically for extremely rugged environments. The 6900XD Offroad MBT-40, dubbed the Multi-Body Transformer for its ability to quickly change from one fully functional in-cab-controlled body application to another, is the first XD Offroad series offering from Western Star and reportedly a new concept for off-road equipment markets.

In-Situ Steering Dynamics Analysis of Skid Steering for Articulated Motor-Driven Vehicle

2016-01-164604/05/2016

The traditional hydraulic steering mode in articulated motor-driven vehicle makes the vehicle structure complex. Further more, the forces between the front and rear part of the articulated vehicle could damage the articulated joint body in the process of vehicle steering. However, skid steering mode could make the vehicle steer with the different speed of each wheel, which is flexible without hydraulic steering system. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the principle of skid steering mode in articulated motor-driven vehicle. In this paper, the theory of traditional wheeled vehicle’s skid-steering mode and hydraulic steering mode of articulated vehicle are used to establish the in-situ skid-steering kinematic and dynamic model. Based on the model, the vehicle trajectory and the dynamic relationships among the body structure of the vehicle, longitudinal forces, lateral forces of each wheel are described. With these analyses, the kinematic and dynamic simulations are implemented

Xu, Tao, Shen, Yanhua, Zhang, Wenming

Recurring Anomaly Detection System (ReADS)

TBMG-2411303/01/2016

NASA Engineering & Safety Center (NESC) subject matter experts analyze records in various International Space Station and shuttle databases to identify recurring anomalies. The key problems these experts face in analyzing such database records are:

Tracking the trends in commercial vehicle communications

15OFHP12_0312/01/2015

Industry insiders at Molex offer what they think the future may hold for heavy-duty components in 24/7 communications systems. Seasoned operators of commercial vehicles will say they can sense how their vehicles are performing based on the sounds and vibrations the vehicles produce. Today, the latest commercial vehicles can do that on their own via sophisticated communications systems that monitor performance, position the vehicle, schedule needed maintenance, communicate with accessory equipment, and even help drive the vehicle, among other functions. These communications systems require myriad electronic components. In this article, Molex examines some of the communications component trends it anticipates for commercial vehicles in 2016, including challenges to implementing 24/7 communications, interaction with other communications systems, and changes in standards.

Rugged data-acquisition systems speed tests of off-highway equipment

15OFHP12_0712/01/2015

Just as engineers of consumer vehicles are being asked to shorten development cycles and improve performance, reliability, and safety, so are developers of off-highway vehicles, such as construction equipment and agricultural machinery. From a practical point of view, this means running more tests and acquiring and analyzing more data in a shorter time than ever before. Good measurement data is, after all, important for optimizing designs. Consider the following types of vehicles: A tractor plowing the dusty expanses of a Kansas wheat field, powering through the mud in blistering heat. A crane at a skyscraper building site, conveying tons of materials up several hundred meters high. A ship carrying needed supplies to offshore oil rigs that must get through no matter how bad the weather. A truck transporting material carrying tons of recently-mined ore.

Lightweight, High-Strength Nanocomposite Magnesium for Radiators

08/01/2015

The next generation of radiators will be designed using a composite with the combination of the lowest density, highest thermal conductivity, and highest strength. A scalable, low-cost process was developed to advance state-of-the-art metal matrix thermal conductors to reach a theoretical goal of 578 W/mK (270W/mK achieved), a density less than aluminum (1.7g.cc achieved), and a yield strength over 30 ksi (≈207 MPa, 42 ksi achieved). The incorporation of nanofibers into metals has been heavily researched to improve mechanical and thermal properties of materials, with limited technical and commercial success. The problem of incorporating high-aspect-ratio, high-surface-area particles (including fiber and flake) with controlled and repeatable concentration and distribution into molten metals is a large undertaking, and must factor in the molten metal temperature, composition, and surface tension. Direct feeding of the particles does not work, as particles burn, react with the molten

Operator Controls - Horizontal Earthboring Machines

J1611_201506 (Current)06/19/2015

This SAE Standard applies to horizontal earthboring machines of the following types: a. Auger Machines b. Pipe Pushers c. Rotary Rod Machines d. Impact Machines e. Horizontal Directional Drilling Machines Additional information on machines of this type may be found in SAE J2022 and SAE J2305. This document does not apply to specialized mining machinery such as conveyors, tunnel-boring machines, pipe-jacking systems, and microtunnelers.

MTC9, Trenching and Horizontal Earthboring Machines

Design and Dynamic Analysis of Bounce and Pitch Plane Hydraulically Interconnected Suspension for Mining Vehicle to Improve Ride Comfort and Pitching Stiffness

2015-01-061704/14/2015

This paper demonstrates time response analysis of the mining vehicle with bounce and pitch plane hydraulically interconnected suspension (HIS) system. Since the mining vehicles working in harsh conditions inducing obvious pitch motion and the hard stiffness of suspensions leading to the acute vibration, the passive hydraulically interconnected system is proposed to provide better ride comfort. Furthermore, the hydraulic system also increases the suspension stiffness in the pitch mode to prevent vehicle from large pitch motions. According to the hydraulic and mechanical coupled characteristic of the mining vehicles, a 7degrees of freedom (7-DOFS) mathematical model is employed and the state space method is used to establish the mechanical and hydraulic coupled dynamic equations. In this paper, the vehicles are subjected to straight line braking input, triangle block bump input applied to the wheels and random road tests. By discussing the result of the simulation, the HIS system can

Zhang, Jie, Chen, Xiao, Zhang, Bangji, Wang, Lifu, Chen, Shengzhao, Zhang, Nong

Momentum: April 2015

15MOMP0404/01/2015

Deep thinking about deep space NASA is mining the rich fields of knowledge and creativity in the minds of university students to improve living and working conditions in space. Rise of the underdogs Problem-plagued effort last year spurs Baja SAE team from VIT University of India to overhaul itself and its car. Materials, data-aq packages among choices touted in Collegiate Cup contest Central Michigan's Baja team, which did some impressive materials analyses, takes home the SAE Mid-Michigan Section's trophy as part of that professional group's Engineers Week activities. Toyota looks for more from college students than high GPA "Those that participate in an SAE related-activity display passion for the automotive industry, and these candidates are ideal for our organization."

Relative Performance Analyses of Independent Front Axle Suspensions for a Heavy-Duty Mining Truck

2014-01-232009/30/2014

A range of axle suspensions, comprising hydro-pneumatic struts and diverse linkage configurations, have evolved in recent years for large size mining trucks to achieve improved ride and higher operating speeds. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of different independent front suspension linkages that have been implemented in various off-road vehicles, including a composite linkage (CL), a candle (CA), a trailing arm (TA), and a double Wishbone (DW) suspension applied to a 190 tons mining truck. Four different suspension linkages are modeled in MapleSim platform to evaluate their kinematic properties. The relative kinematic properties of the suspensions are evaluated in terms of variations in the kingpin inclination, caster, camber, toe-in and horizontal wheel center displacements considering the motion of a hydro-pneumatic strut. The results revealed the CL and DW suspensions yield superior kinematic response characteristics compared to the CA and TA suspensions. Toe-in and

Kang, Yiting, Rakheja, Subhash, Zhang, Wenming

Path Following Control for Skid Steering Vehicles with Vehicle Speed Adaption

2014-01-027704/01/2014

In this paper we present a path following control design for a six-wheel skid-steering vehicle. Contrary to the common approaches that impose non-holonomic constraints, a dynamic vehicle model is established based on a pseudo-static tire model, which uses tire slip to determine tire forces. Our control system admits a modular structure, where a motion controller computes the reference vehicle yaw rate and reference vehicle speed and a dynamics controller tracks these signals. A robust nonlinear control law is designed to track the reference wheel speeds determined by the dynamics controller with proved stability properties. Saturated control techniques are employed in designing the reference yaw rate, which ensures the magnitude of the reference yaw rate does not violate the constraint from the ground-tire adhesion. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed path following control design.

Jin, Chi, Xiong, Lu, Yu, Zhuoping, Feng, Yuan

Q&A with Dr. V Sumantran

14MEIP03_0202/18/2014

The Hinduja Group's Executive Vice Chairman talks about his company's award-winning vehicle and related commercial-vehicle topics. How do you rate the success of the light commercial vehicle DOST, which is now well accepted in the market? The DOST was just the first product from our (Hinduja Group) joint venture with Nissan. During the planning phase, we had converged on positioning the product above the high-volume (below 1T payload) SCV vehicles in the market. We were glad to note that the product and its positioning had turned out right. The DOST bagged the LCV of the Year Award and went on to very good acceptance in the market. As a result, we have seen the competition also alter its strategy, which perhaps validates the choice that we had made.

2013 Create the Future Design: Aerospace & Defense Category Winner

TBMG-1773711/01/2013

Wells for In Situ Extraction of Volatiles from Regolith (WIEVR)

TBMG-1685707/01/2013

A document discusses WIEVRs, a means to extract water ice more efficiently than previous approaches. This water may exist in subsurface deposits on the Moon, in many NEOs (Near- Earth Objects), and on Mars. The WIEVR approach utilizes heat from the Sun to vaporize subsurface ice; the water (or other volatile) vapor is transported to a surface collection vessel where it is condensed (and collected). The method does not involve mining and extracting regolith before removing the frozen volatiles, so it uses less energy and is less costly than approaches that require mining of regolith.

Mobile Crane Stability Ratings

J1289_201303 (Current)03/28/2013

To establish conditions to be taken into consideration in determining rated loads for mobile cranes when overturning stability is the controlling factor. This recommended practice applies to mobile, construction-type lifting cranes with either lattice booms or cantilevered, telescopic booms.

Cranes and Lifting Devices Committee

SAE AE-7 High Temperature Components Survey, 2005

AIR5709 (Historical)10/15/2012

To present the results of a survey taken concerning future applications for high-temperature electronics and sensors.

AE-7B Power Management, Distribution and Storage

Lifting Crane, Wire-Rope Strength Factors

J959_201206 (Current)06/04/2012

This SAE Standard applies to all mobile, construction-type, lifting cranes as equipped for operation with hook, clamshell, magnet, and grapple attachments. It is not applicable to excavating and demolition attachments such as shovels, hoes, draglines, and wrecking balls. The purpose of this document is to set forth wire-rope strength factors that have been proved by design and operating practice to be consistent with safety, economy, space, weight, and other requirements peculiar to mobile, construction-type, lifting cranes.

Cranes and Lifting Devices Committee

Lift Capacity Calculation and Test Procedure-Pipelayer and Sideboom

J743_201112 (Current)12/08/2011

This SAE Standard describes a method to calculate and a test procedure to validate rated lift capacity as presented in commercial literature for pipelayers and tractors or loaders (wheel or crawler), equipped with a hydraulic or mechanically operated sideboom. Rated lift capacity considers hoist mechanism limits, tipping loads, and rope factor. After the lift capacity is validated by testing, a reduction factor is applied to establish the rated lift capacity for the specific pipelayer or sideboom configuration.

MTC1, Earthmoving Machinery

Evolutionary Data Mining Approach to Creating Digital Logic

TBMG-1144710/01/2011

When required to reverse-engineer a product, engineers often do not have design specifications for the system, and the machine may not be disassembled or invasively examined. The engineer might attempt to find the correct signal through trial and error, but this would be very time-consuming, and access to experimental resources is very expensive. To deal with this problem, a genetic program (GP)-based data mining (DM) procedure has been invented.

What we have here is a desire to communicate

11OFHD0707_0107/07/2011

Telematic service and equipment providers are racing to gain market share in what's expected to become a solid long-term market. Telematics is still considered a new technology in the high-volume automotive world, but it's rapidly heading toward the mainstream in the off-highway market. Service providers are transforming their strategies as they push technology to reduce costs and trim system sizes. A flurry of strategic moves so far this year underscore the importance vendors place on this market. The Rugged Telematics Alliance was formed in March by Axeda, LHP Telematics, Hirschmann, Methode Electronics, Morey Corp., ORBCOMM, and Telenor. They quickly rolled out a preconfigured tracking and monitoring unit that will help companies get to market quickly.

Load Calculations for Slewring Bearings

2010-01-189210/05/2010

Single row four point contact ball bearings are routinely used as slewring bearings to take heavy loads under a combination of eccentric axial load and radial load for applications such as earth moving equipment, construction machinery, mining and handling machines, excavators and cranes, etc. The calculation method of the equivalent loads for slewring bearings was introduced in SAE 2006-01-35541 ) , but only dealt with the case in which the bearing takes a tilting moment due to combination load. In this paper, two additional load case conditions are analyzed: one is the case in which the bearing takes all ball loads only on one side of each raceway axially, and the second is the case in which the bearing takes ball loads radially on both sides of each raceway.

Kashino, Noboru

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