Browse Topic: Moment

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Force and Moment Test MethodJ1987_202006 (Current)06/19/2020
This SAE Recommended Practice describes the determination of passenger car and light truck tire force and moment properties on a belt-type flat surface test machine. It is suitable for accurately determining five tire forces and moments in steady-state under free-rolling conditions as a function of slip angle and normal force which are incrementally changed in a given sequence.
Highway Tire Committee
New Control Method of Four-Wheel Independent Driving Electric Vehicles for Anti-Slip Purposes2020-01-142004/14/2020
The performance of electric vehicles could be enhanced by more flexible drivetrain configurations combined with advanced control method. Based on the four wheel independent driving and front and rear axle modular steering configuration, which was proposed by our research group last year, the problem of slippery under close-to-limit conditions are further discussed and simulated. A new torque vectoring method based on obtainable parameters and variables in real driving situations is introduced to reduce the sideslip when turning on low friction coefficient surfaces or with high speed. This method is developed from a comprehensive index, which reflects the stability and maneuverability, by adding additional torques when stability could not be compensated enough by basic torque vectoring. Besides, an improvement of adding a simu-Torsen differential mechanism is made to the model of the vehicle, which enables another control method with the same purpose as before. This method is combined
Liu, Chen, Zheng, Gangtie
An Effect Study of Passenger Car Radial Tire Contour Design Theory on Tire Force and Moment Properties2016-01-044604/05/2016
A 3D finite element (FE) model of a radial tire 205/55R16, established using ABAQUS software, is utilized to simulate tire force and moment properties. Drum tests are designed to validate the FE model’s reliability. To investigate the impacts of PCR contour design theory on tire force and moment, a modified string balance contour theory is presented. Based on string balance contour theory, it simplifies the shape of belt pressure share ratio as a trapezium. Besides, a program for calculating tire contour curve is compiled using MATLAB software. Applying different belt pressure share ratios, diverse tire contours are designed. One of the contours is selected according to its positive effect on cornering stiffness in simulation. From comparison of the selected newly designed tire and the original tire, it is found that the newly designed tire’s contact patch area, longitudinal stiffness, lateral stiffness, inclination stiffness and cornering stiffness increase while its radial stiffness
Liang, Chen, Wang, Guolin, Zheng, Zhou
About the Effect of Camber Control on Vehicle Dynamics2014-01-238309/30/2014
In recent years, the conversion of vehicles to electric power has been accelerating, and if a full conversion to electric power is achieved, further advancements in vehicle kinematic control technology are expected. Therefore, it is thought that kinematic performance in the critical cornering range could be further improved by significantly controlling not only the steering angle but also the camber angle of the tires through the use of electromagnetic actuators. This research focused on a method of ground negative camber angle control that is proportional to the steering angle as a technique to improve maneuverability and stability to support the new era of electric vehicles, and the effectiveness thereof was clarified. As a result, it was found that in the critical cornering range as well, camber angle control can control both the yaw moment and lateral acceleration at the turning limit. It was also confirmed that both stability and the steering effect in the critical cornering range
Yoshino, Takahiko, Nozaki, Hiromichi
Implementation of an Electronic Differential Using Torque Vectoring2014-01-177604/01/2014
This paper involves the study of implementation of an active electronic differential using torque vectoring in an electric rear wheel drive vehicle. The proposed system works in a closed loop taking feedback in real time from sensors which provides inputs for steering angle, throttle position, angular velocity of wheels, yaw rate, yaw acceleration, longitudinal acceleration and lateral acceleration. The objective of this system is to i) increase the stability and the vehicle response to the driver while turning, and ii) use the traction available on the driven wheels more efficiently. The system involves applying a torque difference between the rear driven tires to create a moment about the centre of mass that causes yaw acceleration and aids in turning the car by increasing yaw rate. The effect of drag forces and the lateral forces on the tires have been included. An optimized desired moment is calculated which is applied via torque difference while turning. A Permanent Magnet DC
Sakhalkar, Siddhesh, Dhillon, Parveen, Kumar, Pranay, Bakshi, Soovadeep, Arora, Puneet Singh
Torque Converter CFD Engineering Part II: Performance Improvement through Core Leakage Flow and Cavitation Control2002-01-088403/04/2002
The performance of a large-volume production torque converter is slightly different from those of development prototype due to the core leakage flow. The sealing gap between the stator crown and pump or turbine core of the production converter is usually larger than that of prototypes because of fabrication method and tolerances. In this work, the core leakage flow of torque converter was investigated using CFD. The core region was modeled and coupled together with other three major components of a converter. Studies show that for a particular converter the core leakage flow could result in a 3.6% stall torque ratio reduction and a 2% peak efficiency decrease. The effects of sealing gap dimensions were also studied. Computational investigations in this work indicated that the variation of input K factor with input torque level observed in dyno tests is due to the cavitation in the torque converter. Cavitation occurs at high input torque and low speed ratio conditions because of the
Dong, Yu, Korivi, Vamshi, Attibele, Pradeep, Yuan, Yiqing
Aircraft TowbarARP1915B (Historical)12/01/1997
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines the basic general design considerations for aircraft towbars.
AGE-3 Aircraft Ground Support Equipment Committee
Development of a Truck Wheel Force Transducer80024702/01/1980
A wheel force transducer has been developed for measurement of 3-axis wheel loads on large trucks under dynamic test conditions. Alternate truck tire sizes can be used in either single or dual wheel configurations, and the sensor can be mounted in driven, non-driven, or front (steering) wheel locations. Preliminary calibration data and functional test results are presented for the developmental unit.
Hegmon, R. R.
Laboratory Testing Machines and Procedures for Measuring the Steady State Force and Moment Properties of Passenger Car TiresJ1107_197501 (Historical)01/01/1975
This Information Report presents background and rationale for SAE Recommended Practice J1106, Laboratory Testing Machine and Procedures for Measuring the Steady State Force and Moment Properties of Passenger Car Tires. The purpose of J1106 is to define standards for equipment design and test procedures so that data from different laboratories can be directly compared. Whereas such standardization is not a requirement for testing associated with tire development, it is necessary in the context of vehicle design and tire selection problems. The basic approach employed in developing J1106 was to consolidate and document existing technology as embodied in equipment and procedures currently employed for routine tire evaluations. Equipment and procedures whose current use is restricted to research applications were not considered. Research experience is discussed in this Information Report, however, to the extent deemed necessary to provide background and rationale for J1106. Material is
Highway Tire Committee
Discussion of Steering Problems on Modern Heavy Trucks61028901/01/1961
Monroe, T. I.
COMPUTER ANALYSIS OF AUTOMOTIVE DRIVETRAINS60008801/01/1960
STAFFELD, S. E.
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