Browse Topic: Signs, markings, and symbols
Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (eVTOL) aircraft present a series of challenges to traditional aviation infrastructure that was designed for conventional rotorcraft. Questions have arisen within the vertical flight community as to the validity and applicability of applying current heliport markings and symbology to vertiports. Several of these questions were addressed in a previous paper from VFS Forum 80: "A Comparison of Proposed Concepts for Vertiport Markings and Symbology" (Ref. 6). In contrast, this paper extends that work and presents the results of additional research to enhance the visibility of the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) “Broken Wheel” symbology. These notional enhancements to the "Broken Wheel" symbology were evaluated over the course of an experimental study using helicopter-rated pilots in the FAA William J. Hughes Technical Center’s S76-D and Loft Dynamics H125 and R22 rotorcraft flight simulators.
The unique designs and capabilities of electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (eVTOL) aircraft present a series of challenges to traditional infrastructure that was designed for conventional rotorcraft. Currently, several civil aviation authorities have released interim, preliminary guidance on aspects of vertical flight infrastructure. This paper presents a comparison of two of the proposed concepts for vertiport markings and symbology, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) "Broken Wheel" and the European Union Aviation Safety Association (EASA) "V". These concepts were evaluated over the course of two experimental studies using helicopter-rated pilots in the FAA William J. Hughes Technical Center's S76-D and Loft Dynamics H125 & R22 rotorcraft flight simulators.
ABSTRACT
As imbedded as it is in technology, the history of flight is also chock full of people stories. The history of the helicopter, one of the most versatile flying machines ever designed, abounds in such stories. This text looks at the development of Intercity Airlines Company's SG Mark VI by a unique team based for a time in Montreal, Quebec. Bernard W. Sznycer and Selma G. Gottlieb conceived one of the most advanced and innovative helicopter of its day. Designed to minimize vibrations and facilitate production, the SG Mark VI first flew in July 1947. Canada's Department of Transport awarded a Certificate of Airworthiness to a second prototype, in April 1951. The SG Mark VI was the first helicopter designed within the British Commonwealth of Nations to be so honored. Sadly, by then, American helicopters all but dominated the civilian and military markets. The SG Mark VI was abandoned during the winter of 1953-54 and both Sznycer and Gottlieb returned to the United States.
This SAE Standard applies to all machines with shovel, clam, or dragline attachment.
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