Browse Topic: Protective equipment

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Real-time Helmet Detection and Closed-Loop Enforcement System for Two-Wheelers2026-26-0650To be published on 01/16/2026
Need: In India, two-wheelers account for a significant portion of road traffic and contribute heavily to the national burden of road fatalities. Despite regulatory mandates, helmet non-compliance remains widespread due to limited enforcement reach and behavioral inertia. Currently there is no intelligent system that enforces helmet usage autonomously in a closed loop directly at the vehicle level. Motivation: The existing enforcement strategies such as traffic policing or external camera-based surveillance are reactive, infrastructure-dependent, and ineffective at scale. To overcome these limitations, we propose a real-time helmet detection and closed-loop system that is integrated into the two-wheeler itself. This approach promotes proactive safety compliance without relying on external monitoring infrastructure. Methodology: The proposed model is AI-powered, vision-based system that leverages deep learning techniques for helmet detection, supported by a custom-built dataset
Kandimalla, Om Mahalakshmi, Shah, Ravindra, Karle, Ujjwala
Helmet detection in 2-Wheeler2024-26-000701/16/2024
Wearing Helmet is a critical safety measure not only for riders but also for passengers. However, people often tend to skip wearing these protective headgears, thereby leading to, an increased risk of injury or death in the event of an accident. There is a growing necessity to develop innovative methods that automatically monitor and prevent unsafe driving. To address this issue, we have developed a computer vision-based helmet detection system that can detect if a rider has his helmet on in real-time. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art computer vision-based helmet detection systems for two-wheelers. The review covers various aspects of helmet detection, including image pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. The strengths and limitations of existing approaches are analyzed, while proposing potential directions for future research. The results demonstrate that computer vision-based helmet detection systems hold significant potential to
D, Bhavanash Rai
Vehicle-Integrated Camera Based Rider Helmet Detection & Warning System2024-26-000901/16/2024
Non-usage of helmets does not cause accidents but are critical for averting fatal and grievous injuries in the event of road occurrence accidents. A report by Transport Ministry says, during 2021, a total of 46,593 persons were killed due to non-wearing of helmet, of which 32,877(70.6%) persons were drivers and 13,716 (29.4%) were passengers. Currently, traffic police use the helmet detection solution on surveillance videos to identify the vehicle number plate who’s not wearing helmets to issue challans. But on the vehicle side it is not yet implemented. At present, vehicles are neither equipped to issue warnings nor there are any safety measures taken to minimize the risk, when rider is not wearing the helmet. This paper suggests a passive safety system for two wheelers that uses an integrated camera to detect if rider is wearing a helmet or not by utilizing image processing techniques. Based on the result, if helmet is not detected, then the vehicle will issue warnings and limit
Kishor, Kaushal, Tarte, Malay, Joshi, Umita
Recycled Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Automotive Components: A World-First to Reduce Single-Use Medical Plastic Waste2022-01-090703/29/2022
The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly increased the amount of single-use plastic, especially as personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves, disinfecting wipes, and medical-grade facemasks have become common among the general public. The need for public health, however, has ushered in a pandemic of another kind: one of environmental harm. Although efforts have been made to prolong use or otherwise reduce waste of these items, many areas have already seen negative effects of both properly discarded and littered PPE. It is estimated 89 million masks are used globally per month, and in the U.S. alone, the healthcare system generates 5 million tons of medical waste annually, not including drastic scale-up during the pandemic. Other countries have up to eighteen times that amount, far exceeding capacity at disposal facilities. To reduce the environmental threat from these items, which have become necessary to maintain public health, the Hyundai-Kia Materials Development Department
Nummy, Amanda
Performance Standard for Passenger Smoke and Toxic Fumes Respiratory Protective EquipmentAS8048A (Current)09/20/2021
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the performance requirements for equipment to be used by untrained cabin occupants for protection from toxic and irritant atmospheres while on board and during evacuation of an aircraft.
A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
Performance Standard for Passenger Smoke and Toxic Fumes Respiratory Protective EquipmentAS8048A-TEST-REC (Historical)09/20/2021
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the performance requirements for equipment to be used by untrained cabin occupants for protection from toxic and irritant atmospheres while on board and during evacuation of an aircraft.
A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
Standard Practice for HabitabilitySAE1007 (Historical)09/14/2021
This Standard specifies the Habitability processes throughout planning, design, development, test, production, use and disposal of a system. Depending on contract phase and/or complexity of the program, tailoring of this standard may be applied. The primary goals of a contractor Habitability program include: Ensuring that the system design complies with the customer Habitability requirements and that discrepancies are reported to management and the customer. Identifying, coordinating, tracking, prioritizing, and resolving Habitability risks and issues and ensuring that they are: ○ Reflected in the contractor proposal, budgets, and plans ○ Raised at design, management, and program reviews ○ Debated in Working Group meetings ○ Coordinated with Training, Logistics, and the other HSI disciplines ○ Included appropriately in documentation and deliverable data items Ensuring that Habitability requirements are applied to all personnel environments, including operators, maintainers, trainers
G-45 Human Systems Integration
Standard Practice for HabitabilitySAE1007-TEST-REC (Historical)09/14/2021
This Standard specifies the Habitability processes throughout planning, design, development, test, production, use and disposal of a system. Depending on contract phase and/or complexity of the program, tailoring of this standard may be applied. The primary goals of a contractor Habitability program include: Ensuring that the system design complies with the customer Habitability requirements and that discrepancies are reported to management and the customer. Identifying, coordinating, tracking, prioritizing, and resolving Habitability risks and issues and ensuring that they are: ○ Reflected in the contractor proposal, budgets, and plans ○ Raised at design, management, and program reviews ○ Debated in Working Group meetings ○ Coordinated with Training, Logistics, and the other HSI disciplines ○ Included appropriately in documentation and deliverable data items Ensuring that Habitability requirements are applied to all personnel environments, including operators, maintainers, trainers
G-45 Human Systems Integration
Minimum Standard for Portable Gaseous, Oxygen EquipmentAS1046C (Historical)08/11/2021
This standard is intended to apply to portable compressed gaseous oxygen equipment. When properly configured, this equipment is used either for the administration of supplemental oxygen, first aid oxygen or smoke protection to one or more occupants of either private or commercial transport aircraft. This standard is applicable to the following types of portable oxygen equipment: a Continuous flow 1 Pre-set 2 Adjustable 3 Automatic b Demand flow 1 Straight-demand 2 Diluter-demand 3 Pressure-demand c Combination continuous flow and demand flow.
A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
Basic Aircraft Oxygen Systems DesignAIR825/14 (Current)08/11/2021
This slash document collects general reference material related to gaseous oxygen system flow requirements and sizing calculations. This document will assist oxygen system equipment designers and operators to establish systems and equipment requirements. The document consists of charts, tables, system schematics, system requirements, and sample calculations for system sizing.
A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
Performance Standard for Cabin Crew Portable Protective Breathing Equipment for Use During Aircraft EmergenciesAS8047 (Current)08/09/2021
This aerospace standard (AS) defines the requirements of portable protective breathing equipment for use during smoke/fire conditions on board an aircraft.
A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
Adapting to Manufacturing Challenges of COVID-19TBMG-3855502/01/2021
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused great changes and challenges, disrupting not only the global marketplace but also the supply chains that keep people and essential businesses healthy and functioning. For example, amid an already growing market for infection-control gear and hygienic products made of nonwoven thermoplastic fabrics, COVID-19 has greatly strained and helped to reshape the global supply chain for nonwoven personal protective equipment (PPE).
New Capabilities for Grasp-Assisting GlovesTBMG-3852202/01/2021
NASA is developing the next generation of spacesuits for future missions including the optimization of spacesuit gloves that, when coupled to a pressurized suit, tend to limit the range of motion of an astronaut’s hand to as little as 20%. Many of NASA’s future missions will be in challenging environments where hand dexterity of the astronaut will be critical for the success of the missions.
2021: Technology Trends and the Future of Medical DevicesTBMG-3854902/01/2021
While the far-reaching effects of COVID-19 have introduced the world to a “new normal,” the greatest impact has been in healthcare. In the long term, it has forever shaped the future of healthcare delivery, while its immediate effect has been on medical technology — with a focus on digital devices and a shift toward a more collaborative product development process.
Empowering Soldiers Through ISPDSTBMG-3853802/01/2021
According to research conducted by Markets and Markets (Northbrook, IL), the military wearables market is projected to grow from $4.2 billion in 2019 to $6.4 billion by 2025. That’s a 7.2% growth from 2019 in six short years. Soldier modernization programs that increase soldier coordination, rising asymmetric warfare, and potential geopolitical conflicts are all factors fueling the growth of this market.
Respirator 2.0: New N95-Alternative Introduces Sensors for a Better FitTBMG-3856002/01/2021
Investigators from Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Massachusetts Institute of Technology have been working to design a better, reusable respirator that could serve as an alternative to an N95 respirator. In the latest iteration of their work, they have introduced sensors to inform the user if the respirator is on properly and whether the filters are becoming saturated. The team tested the respirator, known as the transparent, elastomeric, adaptable, long-lasting (TEAL) respirator, at the Brigham and at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), and reports a 100 percent success rate for fit testing among 40 participants, with feedback demonstrating exceptional fit, breathability, and filter exchange. Results are published in ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science.
Understanding Safety for Specialty Pumps in Medical Device ManufacturingTBMG-3855602/01/2021
In medical device manufacturing, potentially flammable and hazardous chemicals such as acetone and isopropyl alcohol are often stored in 55-gal or larger drums for dispensing into smaller containers or at the point of use.
Inexpensive Method Decontaminates Personal Protective EquipmentTBMG-3836201/01/2021
Supply-chain problems stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic caused limited supplies of filtering facepiece respirators such as N95 masks. Yet strategies to decontaminate personal protective equipment (PPE) remain unresolved in many hospitals with limited resources, both in the United States and abroad.
Autonomous HVAC System Measures Facial TemperatureTBMG-3833901/01/2021
COVID-19 is changing the way indoor spaces are used, presenting challenges for those who manage those spaces, from homes to offices and factories. Not least among these challenges is heating and cooling — the largest consumer of energy in American homes and commercial buildings. There’s a need for smarter, more flexible climate control that keeps people comfortable without heating and cooling entire empty buildings.
Upper Body Robotic ExoskeletonTBMG-3817312/01/2020
A soft, wearable, robotic upper limb exoskeleton garment was designed to actively control the shoulder and elbow, both positioning the limb in specific orientations and commanding the limb through desired motions. The invention was developed to provide effective upper extremity motor rehabilitation for patients with neurological impairments (e.g., traumatic brain injury, stroke).
Device Camouflages Wearer from Heat-Detecting SensorsTBMG-3821512/01/2020
Researchers developed a wearable technology that can hide its wearer from heat-detecting sensors such as night vision goggles, even when the ambient temperature changes. The technology can adapt to temperature changes in just a few minutes, while keeping the wearer comfortable.
Oxygen System and Component CleaningARP1176B (Current)10/19/2020
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides recommended practices for the cleaning of aircraft oxygen equipment, both metallic and non-metallic articles, such as oxygen lines (tubes, hoses, etc.), components (including regulator and valve parts), cylinders, and ground-based equipment that may be used to support aircraft oxygen systems. This document also specifies work area details, methods for selecting suitable cleaning agents, cleaning methods, and test methods for verifying levels of cleanliness. The cleanliness coding scheme specified in this document provides a method for documenting minimum cleanliness level requirements and for identifying compliance.
A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
Oxygen System and Component CleaningARP1176B-TEST-REC (Historical)10/19/2020
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides recommended practices for the cleaning of aircraft oxygen equipment, both metallic and non-metallic articles, such as oxygen lines (tubes, hoses, etc.), components (including regulator and valve parts), cylinders, and ground-based equipment that may be used to support aircraft oxygen systems. This document also specifies work area details, methods for selecting suitable cleaning agents, cleaning methods, and test methods for verifying levels of cleanliness. The cleanliness coding scheme specified in this document provides a method for documenting minimum cleanliness level requirements and for identifying compliance.
A-10 Aircraft Oxygen Equipment Committee
Products of Tomorrow: October 2020TBMG-3780010/01/2020
This column presents technologies that have applications in commercial areas, possibly creating the products of tomorrow. To learn more about each technology, see the contact information provided for that innovation.
Optical Tracking System Helps Improve Exoskeleton FitTBMG-3784210/01/2020
Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have developed a new measurement method to test whether an exoskeleton and the person wearing it are moving smoothly and in harmony.
Test Method for Catalytic Carbon Brake Disk OxidationAIR5567A (Current)09/16/2020
The scope of the test method is to provide stakeholders including fluid manufacturers, airport operators, brake manufacturers, aircraft constructors, aircraft operators and airworthiness authorities with a relative assessment of the effect of deicing chemicals on carbon oxidation. This simple test is only designed to assess the relative effects of runway deicing chemicals by measuring mass change of contaminated and bare carbon samples tested under the same conditions. It is not possible to set a general acceptance threshold oxidation limit based on this test method because carbon brake stack oxidation is a function of heat sink design and the operating environment.
A-5A Wheels, Brakes and Skid Controls Committee
Case Study: Increasing Ventilator Display Mount Production to Meet COVID-19 DemandsTBMG-3768209/01/2020
The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged today’s global manufacturers to meet extremely intense demands for a broad range of critical medical equipment and healthcare-related products, from N95 masks and other personal protective equipment to crucial laboratory reagents, viral testing kits, and even swabs.
Camera Trends: Where We Are Now and What to Expect in the Near FutureTBMG-3767509/01/2020
“Generally speaking, there are two major shifts that can occur with sensors, and therefore, camera design,” Trisha Hensley, executive assistant at Edmund Optics told me. “Pixels get smaller or sensors get larger. We then tend to see this cycle repeat, as both of these changes improve camera resolution in their own ways.”
Liquid-Repelling Substance Works on All SurfacesTBMG-3762309/01/2020
Acting like an invisible force field, a new liquid coating may provide an extra layer of protection for front-line healthcare workers. The coating repels nearly all substances off a surface, enabling cleaning of personal protective equipment a bit easier.
Are You Ready for the Next UDI Deadline?TBMG-3758109/01/2020
As summer 2020 gives way to fall and we continue grappling with unprecedented challenges, healthcare industry efforts persist to ensure that medical supplies are available when and where they are needed and can be tracked through distribution and use.
Adapting Under COVID: Expansion and Implementation of PPE TestingTBMG-3757809/01/2020
We currently live in unprecedented times; the global spread of coronavirus has led to a dramatic increase in hospitalizations and a renewed focus on protecting our healthcare workers. Personal protective equipment, more commonly known as PPE, is being consumed faster than it can be produced, with suppliers struggling to keep up with demand. To help meet the growing need, companies with manufacturing capabilities in other industries have been converting their existing facilities and equipment to begin producing PPE and other medical supplies. Regardless of the pace of production, quality control testing is still required to ensure that the products being sent to our front lines will perform as required.
Durable, Washable Textile Coating Repels VirusesTBMG-3746008/01/2020
Masks, gowns, and other personal protective equipment (PPE) are essential for protecting healthcare workers; however, the textiles and materials used in such items can absorb and carry viruses and bacteria, inadvertently spreading the disease the wearer sought to contain. When the coronavirus spread amongst healthcare professionals and left PPE in short supply, finding a way to provide better protection while allowing for the safe reuse of these items became paramount.
Engineers Design a Reusable, Silicone Rubber Face MaskTBMG-3735908/01/2020
Researchers at MIT and Brigham and Women’s Hospital have designed a new face mask that they believe could stop viral particles as effectively as N95 masks. Unlike N95 masks, the new masks were designed to be easily sterilized and used many times.
5 Ws of Slip-Resistant Shoe CoatingsTBMG-3747608/01/2020
Anyone walking on icy or slippery surfaces.
Preliminary Development of an Integrated Mobility, Lethality, and Survivability Soldier Performance Testing Platform20AERP08_0708/01/2020
Developing a methodology that incorporates objective measures of performance and is sensitive to changes in soldier-system equipment could help guide equipment manufacturers during product development and acquisition. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center, Natick, Massachusetts In 2017, the US Army announced their modernization priorities as a means of maintaining their military strength. Six specific areas were targeted for focus improvement and development, with the first five being specific technologies or end products. The sixth was “Soldier Lethality” or a soldier's ability to shoot, move, communicate, protect and sustain by improving human performance and decision making. In an effort to support this priority area for those trying to make clothing and individual equipment (CIE) acquisition and development decisions, there is a desire for an integrated or holistic objective tool to measure soldier performance, specifically mobility, lethality and
Preliminary Development of an Integrated Mobility, Lethality, and Survivability Soldier Performance Testing PlatformTBMG-3737808/01/2020
In 2017, the US Army announced their modernization priorities as a means of maintaining their military strength. Six specific areas were targeted for focus improvement and development, with the first five being specific technologies or end products. The sixth was “Soldier Lethality” or a soldier’s ability to shoot, move, communicate, protect and sustain by improving human performance and decision making. In an effort to support this priority area for those trying to make clothing and individual equipment (CIE) acquisition and development decisions, there is a desire for an integrated or holistic objective tool to measure soldier performance, specifically mobility, lethality and survivability incorporating underlying measures of human factors, biomechanics and cognition.
Development and Verification of Body Armor Target Geometry Created Using Computed Tomography ScansTBMG-3736708/01/2020
This research involved a new process developed to support the rapid development of computer-aided design (CAD) geometry to model personal protective equipment (PPE). The armor was developed and used in modeling and simulation for analysis of the Tier 4 Soldier Protection System (SPS) compared to the Improved Outer Tactical Vest (IOTV). The goal of modeling the PPE CAD geometry was to create a representation of the armor system to scale relative to the Operational Requirement-based Casualty Assessment (ORCA) man model and place the armor system in the correct location relative to anatomical landmarks.
Development and Verification of Body Armor Target Geometry Created Using Computed Tomography Scans20AERP08_1208/01/2020
Previous methods of target geometry modeling involving manual measurement of armor systems and the translation of those measurements into computer-aided design geometry could be replaced by more accurate computer scanning technology. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland This research involved a new process developed to support the rapid development of computer-aided design (CAD) geometry to model personal protective equipment (PPE). The armor was developed and used in modeling and simulation for analysis of the Tier 4 Soldier Protection System (SPS) compared to the Improved Outer Tactical Vest (IOTV). The goal of modeling the PPE CAD geometry was to create a representation of the armor system to scale relative to the Operational Requirement-based Casualty Assessment (ORCA) man model and place the armor system in the correct location relative to anatomical landmarks. To reduce production time and increase accuracy of armor placement for vulnerability/lethality
Pandemic PPE: What Good Will Come of the COVID-19 Crisis?TBMG-3724207/01/2020
Right about 50 years ago, in April 1970, the Apollo 13 space mission went into crisis mode. An explosion prompted the astronauts and their support team at Mission Control, all acting around the clock under tremendous pressure, to resort to backup systems and improvised solutions. The spacecraft, its supplies, and equipment had to be used in ways that far exceeded manufacturers’ specifications. Survival depended on it. “I don’t care about what anything was designed to do. I care about what it can do,” NASA Flight Director Gene Kranz famously said, as portrayed in the movie Apollo 13.
Aircraft Ground Deicing/Anti-Icing Training and Qualification ProgramAS6286B (Historical)06/11/2020
This document establishes the minimum training and qualification requirements for ground-based aircraft deicing/anti-icing methods and procedures. All guidelines referred to herein are applicable only in conjunction with the applicable documents. Due to aerodynamic and other concerns, the application of deicing/anti-icing fluids shall be carried out in compliance with engine and aircraft manufacturers’ recommendations. The scope of training should be adjusted according to local demands. There are a wide variety of winter seasons and differences of the involvement between deicing operators, and therefore the level and length of training should be adjusted accordingly. However, the minimum level of training shall be covered in all cases. As a rule of thumb, the amount of time spent in practical training should equal or exceed the amount of time spent in classroom training.
G-12T Training and Quality Programs Committee
Wool Mask Used to Fight Fires in Space Improves Fire Equipment on EarthTBMG-3702706/01/2020
Spinoff is NASA’s annual publication featuring successfully commercialized NASA technology. This commercialization has contributed to the development of products and services in the fields of health and medicine, consumer goods, transportation, public safety, computer technology, and environmental resources.
EDITORIAL: Lending a hand to healthcare20TOFHP06_0606/01/2020
The past three months have been taxing, to put it mildly, for companies in the commercial vehicle and heavy equipment sectors. Businesses had to quickly convert operations to remote and virtual environments, where possible. Many manufacturers, such as German drive-systems supplier Deutz (see page 13), were forced to temporarily halt portions of their production to ensure the safety of their workers. And, of course, the pandemic has created a severe economic strain across industries. But one development arising from the crisis has singularly demonstrated the resiliency of those in the mobility sectors: the widespread deployment of engineering and manufacturing expertise to help provide critical supplies to the overwhelmed healthcare industry.
Gehm, Ryan
Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composites with Electrical and Thermal CharacteristicsTBMG-3703906/01/2020
Materials used for military personal protection gear may also be tough enough for vehicles, potentially improving how unmanned vehicles dissipate energy. Researchers are studying the use of the polymers as matrix material for incorporation into lightweight composites in unmanned vehicle systems.
Wearable Air ConditioningTBMG-3684405/01/2020
One day, soldiers could cool down on the military battlefield — preventing heat stroke or exhaustion — by using wearable air conditioning, an on-skin device that offers numerous human healthcare applications such as the ability to monitor blood pressure, electrical activity of the heart, and the level of skin hydration.
PTW Passive Safety: Numerical Study of Standard Impact Scenarios with Rider Injury Risk Assessment2020-01-093004/14/2020
Powered two-wheeler (PTW) riders and passengers are among the group of vulnerable road users (VRU). This group uses the road transportation system together with other better-protected users such as passenger cars and truck drivers. The main vulnerability of PTW rider lies in their unequal position during the crash, due to the inability of application of the crashworthiness concept during the PTW vehicle design. This inequality could be somehow mitigated by the design of personal protective equipment (PPE). Mostly the design of the PPE’s is led by the standards which often are obsolete and takes into account only simple drop-tests (ECE 22.05). Those tests did not take into account complicated kinematics of the motorcycle accidents and biomechanics of the human body (the assessment is based only on the linear acceleration of the headform center of gravity). The authors propose a virtual approach for the PTW rider injury risk assessment, which coupled with the pre-impact conditions, could
Bonkowski, Tomasz, Hyncik, Ludek, Lv, Wenle
Highly Sensitive Sensors Show Promise in Enhancing Human TouchTBMG-3642704/01/2020
People rely on a highly tuned sense of touch to manipulate objects, but injuries to the skin and the simple act of wearing gloves can impair this ability. Surgeons, for example, find that gloves decrease their ability to manipulate soft tissues. Astronauts are also hampered by heavy spacesuits and find it difficult to work with equipment while wearing heavy gloves.
Real Time Physiological Status MonitoringTBMG-3661704/01/2020
Dismounted, foot-mobile soldiers currently use a wide variety of wearable technologies, e.g., GPS (global positioning system) /PNT (position, navigation, timing), night vision goggles (NVGs), rangefinders, radios, other Nett Warrior items, etc. These wearable technologies, i.e., electronic systems carried and used by soldiers, sailors, airmen and marines, constitute the individual soldier’s technological ecosystem.
Material Combination Strengthens Body ArmorTBMG-3638604/01/2020
A new combination of materials was developed that can prevent weaknesses in body armor. By adding a tiny amount of silicon to boron carbide (a material commonly used for making body armor) bullet-resistant gear can be made substantially more resilient to high-speed impacts.
Production Method for High-Performance PolymerTBMG-3619703/01/2020
A method was developed to produce a polymer material called PBO — known commercially as Zylon — that’s used in bulletproof vests and other high-performance fabrics. The new approach could be useful in making PBO products that resist degradation — a problem that has plagued PBO-based materials in the past.
Threads Detect Gases When Woven into ClothingTBMG-3598902/01/2020
A fabrication method was developed to create dyed threads that change color when they detect a variety of gases. The threads can be read visually or even more precisely by use of a smartphone camera, to detect changes of color due to analytes as low as 50 parts per million. Woven into clothing, the gas-detecting threads could provide a reusable, washable, and affordable safety asset in medical, workplace, military, and rescue environments.
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