Browse Topic: Refueling

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Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface VehiclesJ2601_202005 (Current)05/29/2020
SAE J2601 establishes the protocol and process limits for hydrogen fueling of vehicles with total volume capacities greater than or equal to 49.7 L. These process limits (including the fuel delivery temperature, the maximum fuel flow rate, the rate of pressure increase, and the ending pressure) are affected by factors such as ambient temperature, fuel delivery temperature, and initial pressure in the vehicle’s compressed hydrogen storage system. SAE J2601 establishes standard fueling protocols based on either a look-up table approach utilizing a fixed pressure ramp rate, or a formula-based approach utilizing a dynamic pressure ramp rate continuously calculated throughout the fill. Both protocols allow for fueling with communications or without communications. The table-based protocol provides a fixed end-of-fill pressure target, whereas the formula-based protocol calculates the end-of-fill pressure target continuously. For fueling with communications, this standard is to be used in
Fuel Cell Standards Committee
Technical Standard
Fueling Protocols for Light Duty Gaseous Hydrogen Surface VehiclesJ2601_202005-TEST-REC (Historical)05/29/2020
SAE J2601 establishes the protocol and process limits for hydrogen fueling of vehicles with total volume capacities greater than or equal to 49.7 L. These process limits (including the fuel delivery temperature, the maximum fuel flow rate, the rate of pressure increase, and the ending pressure) are affected by factors such as ambient temperature, fuel delivery temperature, and initial pressure in the vehicle’s compressed hydrogen storage system. SAE J2601 establishes standard fueling protocols based on either a look-up table approach utilizing a fixed pressure ramp rate, or a formula-based approach utilizing a dynamic pressure ramp rate continuously calculated throughout the fill. Both protocols allow for fueling with communications or without communications. The table-based protocol provides a fixed end-of-fill pressure target, whereas the formula-based protocol calculates the end-of-fill pressure target continuously. For fueling with communications, this standard is to be used in
Fuel Cell Standards Committee
Technical Standard
Hydrogen Surface Vehicle to Station Communications Hardware and SoftwareJ2799_201912-TEST-REC (Historical)12/13/2019
This standard specifies the communications hardware and software requirements for fueling hydrogen surface vehicles (HSV), such as fuel cell vehicles, but may also be used where appropriate, with heavy-duty vehicles (e.g., busses) and industrial trucks (e.g., forklifts) with compressed hydrogen storage. It contains a description of the communications hardware and communications protocol that may be used to refuel the HSV. The intent of this standard is to enable harmonized development and implementation of the hydrogen fueling interfaces. This standard is intended to be used in conjunction with the hydrogen fueling protocols in SAE J2601 and nozzles and receptacles conforming with SAE J2600.
Fuel Cell Standards Committee
Technical Standard
Hydrogen Surface Vehicle to Station Communications Hardware and SoftwareJ2799_201912 (Current)12/13/2019
This standard specifies the communications hardware and software requirements for fueling hydrogen surface vehicles (HSV), such as fuel cell vehicles, but may also be used where appropriate, with heavy-duty vehicles (e.g., busses) and industrial trucks (e.g., forklifts) with compressed hydrogen storage. It contains a description of the communications hardware and communications protocol that may be used to refuel the HSV. The intent of this standard is to enable harmonized development and implementation of the hydrogen fueling interfaces. This standard is intended to be used in conjunction with the hydrogen fueling protocols in SAE J2601 and nozzles and receptacles conforming with SAE J2600.
Fuel Cell Standards Committee
Technical Standard
Hose, Aircraft Fueling, Acrylonitrile Butadiene (NBR) Rubber, Textile Reinforced, Chloroprene Covered, CollapsingAMS3386E (Current)04/30/2019
This specification covers a synthetic rubber in the form of a soft wall, smooth bore, collapsing-type hose.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Material Specification
Fuel Tank Filler Cap and Cap RetainerJ829_201904 (Current)04/24/2019
This SAE Standard was developed primarily for passenger car and truck applications for the sizes indicated, but it may be used in marine, industrial, and similar applications.
Fuel Systems Standards Committee
Technical Standard
Method and Associated Apparatus for Capturing, Servicing, and De-Orbiting Earth Satellites Using RoboticsTBMG-2872704/01/2018
Engineers at Goddard Space Flight Center have overcome limitations plaguing the satellite sector since its inception through the development of a robotic system allowing for the autonomous capture and servicing of in-orbit satellites. By enabling spacecraft to identify, pursue, and attach to a target satellite, this innovation will make possible satellite inspection, repairing, refueling, and upgrading. The major benefits provided by this technology will be of great interest to the commercial satellite sector.
Magazine Article
Aerospace & Defense Technology: September 201717AERP0909/01/2017
On-Orbit Satellite Refueling Flow Measurement The Path from Concept to Operational Status Radiation Tolerant "Smart Backplanes" for Spacecraft Avionics Using Heat Pipes to Cool Embedded Computers Electronically Dimmable Aircraft Windows How do you block the light of the sun? Eliminating Electrical Arcing in Satellite Systems NASA Miniaturizes Century-Old Radio Sounder Technology Developing an Airborne Optical Systems Testbed (AOSTB) New Class of Excimer-Pumped Atomic Lasers (XPALS) Research demonstrates the viability of an atomic laser having a quantum efficiency greater than one. Hydrodynamic Drag Force Measurement of a Functionalized Surface Exhibiting Superhydrophobic Properties Comparing the skin friction drag effects of a superhydrophobic flat plate to an untreated flat plate of the same material and geometry. Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) Suppression and Long Delivery Fibers at the Multikilowatt Level with Chirped Seed Lasers Using chirped seed amplification with a MEMS
Magazine Issue
Aerospace & Defense Technology: February 201717AERP0202/02/2017
Open Standard Middleware Enables New HPEC Solutions Cooling Your Embedded System What Can Your Open Standard Architecture Handle? Evaluating Key Certification Aspects of Multicore Platforms for Safety Critical Avionics Applications Simulating and Analyzing Flow for an Air-to-Air Refueling System The Ins and Outs of Spaceflight Passive Components and Assemblies Development of High Quality 4H-SiC Thick Epitaxy for Reliable High Power Electronics Using Halogenated Precursors Silicon Based Mid-Infrared SiGeSn Heterostructure Emitters and Detectors Reconfigurable Electronics and Non-Volatile Memory Research Energy-Filtered Tunnel Transistor: A New Device Concept Toward Extremely Low Energy Consumption Electronics
Magazine Issue
AS2969 G.A. Flanged Half for 2 1/2" Re-Fuelling Coupling (Open Ended Type)AS2969-5 (Current)12/04/2015
No scope available.
Engine and Airframe Technical Standards Committee (TSC)
Technical Standard
AS2953 G.A. Flanged Half for 1 1/2" Re-Fuelling Coupling (Self Sealing Type)AS2953-8 (Current)12/04/2015
No scope available.
Engine and Airframe Technical Standards Committee (TSC)
Technical Standard
Autonomous Aerial RefuelingTBMG-2313910/01/2015
Northrop Grumman Corp. Falls Church, VA 703-280-2900
Magazine Article
Tiny Camera Lets NASA Inspection Tool “See”TBMG-2124301/01/2015
micro ScoutCam 1.2 micro camera Medigus, Ltd. Omer, Israel 011 972 8646 6880
Magazine Article
Testing Particle Counters for Detection of Fuel ContaminationTBMG-2034708/01/2014
Fuel quality assurance is accomplished by conducting periodic fuel sampling for the condition monitoring of aviation fuel by detecting, measuring, and reporting the levels of contaminants in the fuel. Current methods have several drawbacks including operator subjectivity, lack of detailed analysis, limitations in providing reliable data, and the turnaround time needed to get the test results.
Magazine Article
Understanding of Thermal Characteristics of Fueling Hydrogen High Pressure Tanks and Governing Parameters2013-01-047404/08/2013
For safe and fast refueling hydrogen to fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) at hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs), a refueling protocol is under discussion at SAE J2601 to be a global standard. In order to realize such a standard, we have to estimate the relation between gas temperature and pressure during a refueling and for an accurate estimation we have to correctly understand the thermal characteristics of hydrogen tank. Fast refueling test data has been offered by BMW-Powertech, some test cases have been analyzed by a simulation model developed by Monde et al. It reveals that the hydrogen temperature at the end of refueling does not exceed 85°C for these analyzed cases. The effect of the pressure drop between storage bank and hydrogen tank was negligible on the gas temperature at the end of refueling, although the gas temperature shows different profile depending on the pressure drop. The simulation results of the model in this study were in good agreement with the gas temperature profile
Monde, Masanori, Kosaka, Masataka
Journal Article
Filler Pipes and Openings of Motor Vehicle Fuel TanksJ1140_201208 (Historical)08/06/2012
This SAE Recommended Practice was developed primarily for gasoline-powered passenger car and truck applications but may be used in marine, industrial, and similar applications where refueling vapor recovery is required.
Fuel Systems Standards Committee
Technical Standard
Orbiting Depot and Reusable Lander for Lunar TransportationTBMG-519905/01/2009
A document describes a conceptual transportation system that would support exploratory visits by humans to locations dispersed across the surface of the Moon and provide transport of humans and cargo to sustain one or more permanent Lunar outpost. The system architecture reflects requirements to (1) minimize the amount of vehicle hardware that must be expended while maintaining high performance margins and (2) take advantage of emerging capabilities to produce propellants on the Moon while also enabling efficient operation using propellants transported from Earth.
Magazine Article
Magnet-Based System for Docking of Miniature SpacecraftTBMG-137903/01/2007
A prototype system for docking a miniature spacecraft with a larger spacecraft has been developed by engineers at the Johnson Space Center. Engineers working on Mini AERCam, a free-flying robotic camera, needed to find a way to successfully dock and undock their miniature spacecraft to refuel the propulsion and recharge the batteries. The subsystems developed (see figure) include (1) a docking port, designed for the larger spacecraft, which contains an electromagnet, a ball lock mechanism, and a service probe; and (2) a docking cluster, designed for the smaller spacecraft, which contains either a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.
Magazine Article
Fast Fill Fueling Installation for Off-Road Self-Propelled Work MachinesJ176_200608 (Historical)08/21/2006
This SAE Standard applies to off-road self-propelled work machines as categorized in SAE J1116. A fast fueling system incorporates a fueling receiver through which fuel is conveyed to the fuel tank and an automatic shut-off vent to provide automatic fill level control, normal and emergency venting. The purpose of this document is to define the proper installation, position, protection, and size of a fueling receiver and automatic shut-off vent connections. Fast fill fueling typically applies to self-propelled machines with a fuel capacity over 380 L or as applicable on machines with less capacity.
Machine Technical Steering Committee
Technical Standard
Considerations on Limiting Pressure Surge During Ground Pressure Refueling of AircraftAIR74 (Current)12/16/2002
AE-5A Aerospace Fuel, Inerting and Lubrication Sys Committee
Information Report
Filler Pipes and Openings of Motor Vehicle Fuel TanksJ1140_200004 (Historical)04/04/2000
This SAE Recommended Practice was developed primarily for gasoline-powered passenger car and truck applications but may be used in marine, industrial, and similar applications where refueling vapor recovery is required.
Fuel Systems Standards Committee
Recommended Practice
Fuel System--Electrostatic ChargeJ1645_199901 (Historical)01/01/1999
The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to provide an explanation of electrostatic charge phenomena as they relate to automotive fuel systems and how those phenomena should be handled if they develop. This document is limited to the group of components that are known as the fuel system and only those that handle liquid fuel in one of two situations: operation of the fuel delivery system and refueling of the vehicle. This is a collection of ideas and generalities that are summarized from literature and presentations, inferred from some laboratory experimentation and summarized from experiences within the automotive industry as interpreted by the Electrostatics Subcommittee of the SAE Fuel Lines and Fittings Standards Committee. Some of the discussions are simplified. If users of this document need some further technical information, experts should be consulted or the references cited here should be examined directly. In addition, a series of test procedures that may apply are
Fuel Systems Standards Committee
Recommended Practice
Aerospace Ground Equipment Criteria for a Propellant Transfer UnitAIR1129 (Current)01/01/1999
The primary purpose of a Propellant Transfer Unit (PTU) is to temperature-condition and weigh a specific amount of propellant, and transfer if to a vehicle propellant tank. A secondary purpose of a PTU may be to drain propellant from the vehicle tank and return it to the transfer unit when required. The transfer unit may also be used for flushing the vehicle fill lines and transfer unit with appropriate flushing fluids, followed with nitrogen for the purpose of drying the lines and weigh tank. The transfer unit may include provisions for helium purging of the propellant transfer tank and lines, ad supplying a blanket of helium pressure to the transfer tank. Each PTU consists of a piping system with appropriate propellant and pneumatic valves, regulators, relief valves, filters and a propellant pump. Various components such as a scrubber, bubbler, propellant cooler (heat exchanger), propellant weigh tank, weigh scale and a chiller may make up the balance of the assembly. The PTU is an
AGE-3 Aircraft Ground Support Equipment Committee
Information Report
Fuel System-Electrostatic ChargeJ1645_199402 (Historical)02/01/1994
The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to provide an explanation of electrostatic charge phenomena (as they relate to automotive fuel systems and how those phenomena should be handled if they develop. This document is limited to the group of components that are known as the fuel system and only those that handle liquid fuel in one of two situations: operation of the fuel delivery system and refueling of the vehicle. This is a collection of ideas and generalities that are summarized from literature and presentations, inferred from some laboratory experimentation and summarized from experiences within the automotive industry as interpreted by the Electrostatics Subcommittee of the SAE Fuel Lines and Fittings Standards Committee. Some of the discussions are simplified. If users of this document need some further technical information, experts should be consulted or the references cited here should be examined directly. In addition, a series of test procedures that may apply are
Fuel Systems Standards Committee
Information Report
Fast Fill Fueling Installation for Off-Road Self-Propelled Work MachinesJ176_198912 (Historical)12/01/1989
This SAE Standard applies to off-road self-propelled work machines as categorized in SAE J1116. A fast fueling system incorporates a fueling receiver through which fuel is conveyed to the fuel tank and an automatic shut-off vent to provide automatic fill level control, normal and emergency venting. The purpose of this document is to define the proper installation, position, protection, and size of a fueling receiver and automatic shut-off vent connections. Fast fill fueling typically applies to self-propelled machines with a fuel capacity over 380 L or as applicable on machines with less capacity.
Machine Technical Steering Committee
Technical Standard
Filler Pipes and Openings of Motor Vehicle Fuel TanksJ1140_198802 (Historical)02/01/1988
The purpose of this recommended practice is to ensure compatibility between new vehicle designs and refueling vapor recovery nozzles by their dimensions and specifications. This recommended practice was developed primarily for gasoline-powered passenger car and truck applications but may be used in marine, industrial, and similar applications where refueling vapor recovery is required.
Fuel Systems Standards Committee
Recommended Practice
Filler Pipes and Openings of Motor Vehicle Fuel TanksJ1140_198003 (Historical)03/01/1980
This SAE Recommended Practice was developed primarily for gasoline-powered passenger car and truck applications but may be used in marine, industrial, and similar applications where refueling vapor recovery is required.
Fuel Systems Standards Committee
Recommended Practice
Fast Fill Fueling Installation for Off-Road Self-Propelled Work MachinesJ176_197708 (Historical)08/01/1977
This SAE Standard applies to off-road self-propelled work machines as categorized in SAE J1116. A fast fueling system incorporates a fueling receiver through which fuel is conveyed to the fuel tank and an automatic shut-off vent to provide automatic fill level control, normal and emergency venting. The purpose of this document is to define the proper installation, position, protection, and size of a fueling receiver and automatic shut-off vent connections. Fast fill fueling typically applies to self-propelled machines with a fuel capacity over 380 L or as applicable on machines with less capacity.
Machine Technical Steering Committee
Recommended Practice
Fast Fill Fueling Installation for Off-Road Self-Propelled Work MachinesJ176A_197708 (Historical)08/01/1977
This SAE Standard applies to off-road self-propelled work machines as categorized in SAE J1116. A fast fueling system incorporates a fueling receiver through which fuel is conveyed to the fuel tank and an automatic shut-off vent to provide automatic fill level control, normal and emergency venting. The purpose of this document is to define the proper installation, position, protection, and size of a fueling receiver and automatic shut-off vent connections. Fast fill fueling typically applies to self-propelled machines with a fuel capacity over 380 L or as applicable on machines with less capacity.
Machine Technical Steering Committee
Recommended Practice
Filler Pipes and Openings of Motor Vehicle Fuel TanksJ1140_197612 (Historical)12/01/1976
This SAE Recommended Practice was developed primarily for gasoline-powered passenger car and truck applications but may be used in marine, industrial, and similar applications where refueling vapor recovery is required.
Fuel Systems Standards Committee
Recommended Practice
Aerial Refueling Lights - Design CriteriaARP694 (Historical)01/01/1963
This ARP is intended to cover all external lights on the tanker and fixed wing receiver airplanes used to accomplish serial refueling. This ARP is intended to cover all external lights on the tanker and fixed wing receiver airplanes used to accomplish aerial refueling. This ARP describes lights used for two basic types of aerial refueling: The Probe and Drogue, and the Boom/Receptacle method. The purpose of this ARP is to set forth the basic considerations and criteria which the design engineer should observe when designing an Aerial Refueling Lighting System. In case of conflict between this ARP and existing military specifications the military specification will take precedence, unless waiver is obtained.
A-20B Exterior Lighting Committee
Recommended Practice
AS2970 G.A. Flanged Half for 2 1/2" Re-Fuelling Coupling (Self Sealing Type)AS2970-6 (Current)07/10/1959
No scope available.
Engine and Airframe Technical Standards Committee (TSC)
Technical Standard
AS6550 G.A. Flanged Half for 1 1/2" Re-Fuelling Coupling Self Sealing TypeAS6550-1 (Current)12/01/1955
No scope available.
Engine and Airframe Technical Standards Committee (TSC)
Technical Standard
AS6558 G.A. Flanged Half for 2 1/2" Re-Fuelling Coupling. (Self Sealing Type)AS6558-1 (Current)12/01/1955
No scope available.
Engine and Airframe Technical Standards Committee (TSC)
Technical Standard
AS6551 G.A. Flanged Half for 2 1/2" Re-Fuelling Coupling (Open Ended Type)AS6551-1 (Current)12/01/1955
No scope available.
Engine and Airframe Technical Standards Committee (TSC)
Technical Standard
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