Browse Topic: Pumps

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Hydraulic Pump and Motor Mounting and Drive DimensionsJ744_202510 (Current)10/1/2025
This SAE Standard applies to hydraulic pumps and motors used on off-road self-propelled work machines as described in SAE J1116.
CTTC C1, Hydraulic Systems
SAE TOMORROW TODAY BRIEFS: Experience the Thrill of Going Electric134728/7/2024
Are you curious about EVs? Experience what it means to go electric at Electrify Expo, North America's largest electric vehicle festival. To learn more about this multi-city exhibition, Roberto Baldwin, Sustainability Editor, SAE Sustainable Mobility Solutions, sat down with BJ Birtwell, Founder & CEO, Electrify Expo, to discuss his passion for EVs and how giving consumers first-hand EV experiences can positively impact sales decisions. For more information on the evolution of sustainability, head on over to sustainablecareers.sae.org. There, you can learn about how EVs combat the cold with heat pumps and preconditioning.
Hineman, Marcie
Indirect blocked force measurement of a hydraulic power pack for structural vibration transmission into an airframe2025-01-00525/5/2023
Centralization of electrically driven hydraulic power packs into the body of aircraft have increased the attention on the noise and vibration characteristics of the system. A hydraulic power pack consists of a pump coupled to an electrical motor, accumulator, reservoir, and associated filter manifolds. In previous studies, the characteristics of the radiated acoustic noise and fluid borne noise were studied. In this paper, we focus on the structure borne forces generated by the hydraulic pump characterized through blocked force measurements. The blocked force of the pump was determined experimentally using an indirect measurement method. The indirect method required operation with part under test fixed to an instrumented receiver structure. Measured operational accelerations on the receiver plate were used in conjunction with transfer function measurements to predict the blocked forces. Blocked forces were validated by comparing directly measured accelerations to predicted
Smither, Matthew, Tuyls, Zachary, Patel, Pratik, Yan, Xin, Herrin, David
Modeling and Validation of Acoustic Emissions in Bent-Axis Pumps2025-01-00565/5/2023
This work presents a comprehensive NVH workflow for modeling the acoustic emissions of mechanical systems, using a bent-axis pump as a case study. The workflow integrates multibody dynamics (MBD), harmonic structural analysis, and acoustic solvers. By employing these simulation tools, we capture the dynamic response of the pump and the vibration response of the enclosure's surface, enabling the estimation of equivalent radiated power (ERP) and the prediction of sound pressure level (SPL). To validate the simulation outcomes, experimental investigations were conducted in a semi-anechoic chamber, where data was collected with a microphone placed at a specific distance from the pump. At the time of this abstract, preliminary correlations between the simulation model and real-world measurements demonstrate promising accuracy and reliability. These findings are significant, offering advantages for pump manufacturers, including improved product quality, adherence to noise regulations, and
Kwarta, Michael, Banerjee, Bhaskar, Abdel Mallak, Zuher, Vallebrant, Per-Ola, Wiklund Lång, Marcus, Kayani, Omer
"Operation Strategies of Heat Pump Systems in High-Performance Electric Vehicles"132999/15/2022
"The energy consumption of a thermal management system cannot be neglected and is a significant contributor compared to the total energy consumption of a battery electric vehicle. Using a heat pump as part of the thermal management system, can heat and reduce energy consumption at low ambient temperatures. A state-of-the-art heat pump system consists of numerous actuators such as fans, pumps, electrical heater, compressor, and valves. An existing challenge remains to develop efficient operational strategies for these components with the corresponding interactions in dynamic boundary conditions. A physical model of the system can be used to optimize the control method and consequently, helps to save energy. The objective of this investigation is to obtain an operating strategy, which efficiently distributes the electric power between the heat pump compressor and the electric heater. In this context, the influence of an optimized, model-based control of the compressor speed on the
Hug, Thimo
Numerical Investigation on the Internal Flow Field of Electronic Expansion Valve as the Throttle Element2022-01-03783/29/2022
As one of the key components of the heat pump system, the electronic expansion valve mainly plays the role of throttling and reducing pressure in the heat pump system. Firstly, a three-dimensional fluid model is established. The grid is divided and the grid independence is verified. Then, the internal flow field of the electronic expansion valve is numerically simulated based on the fluent software, and the pressure field, velocity field and flow rate changes are analyzed. The flow characteristics of the valve are theoretically analyzed according to the principle of the fluid passing through the orifice. Secondly, the flow characteristics of the valve are simulated, and the theoretical values, CFD simulation results and experimental values are compared to verify the correctness of the established three-dimensional fluid model. Then the influence of geometric parameters such as the diameter and cone angle of the spool on the flow characteristics is studied. The steady-state hydraulic
Liang, Gaoshuai, Li, Liping, Shangguan, Wen-Bin
INBUILT SANITIZING SPRAYER AT DOOR HANDLE2022-01-04033/29/2022
It is specially designed for people who have to travel by a cab or a car during COVID 19 pandemic. We can get rid of portable sanitizers inside car. This technology mainly focuses on the benefit of people to sanitize their hands along with their belongings before entering into the car during pandemic. We are planning to implement our products on door handles of the cars. This technology comprises of Press button request switch, Car's Door handle, Controller, Motor Driver, Sensor & Pump. Whenever the request switch is pressed for sanitizing, communication signal will be sent to the controller to enable disinfection mode. The controller then activates the motor driver, which is responsible for Pump operation. The pump then sprays the sanitizing fluid through the nozzle at door handle and the belongings can be sanitized. In parallel, controller enables the sensor into monitoring mode for detecting the disinfection mode and thereby communicating to controller. Motor driver will be turned
Mani, Megala
Design Optimization of Centrifugal Pump Using CFD Simulations, Metamodeling and Bayesian Inference2022-01-09513/29/2022
Computational expenses aside, simulating and optimizing pumps operating at pressures near the liquid’s saturation pressure needs complete modeling of cavitation physics. This becomes critical in high-temperature applications since the saturation pressure increases with temperature and the pumps become more prone to cavitation. In the present work, the performance of a centrifugal pump was improved by delaying the sudden onset of cavitation at higher flow rates through constrained optimization of impeller geometry. The optimized designs generated over 25% higher head at the operating point, and performed better than the baseline design across the range of operation. Constraints were dictated by geometric/ packaging limitations in order to ensure that the optimized impeller can be retrofitted into an existing fluid-power system. A Gaussian Process Regressor (GPR) based metamodel was constructed utilizing a database of designs generated through Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS). Their
Doddamane, Anup, Ballani, Abhishek, Decker, Joe, Maiti, Dipak, Patil, Veeranagouda, Wang, Deming, Weirich, Michael, Ding, Hui, JOHN, Tennyson
Study on flow rate and flow field characteristics of gerotor pump with multi-arc combined profile2022-01-07703/29/2022
The working principle and performance test method of the gerotor pump with multi-arc combined profile are introduced. According to the formation method of the rotor tooth profile, the inner rotor tooth profile equation is deduced, and the meshing characteristics of the inner and outer rotors are analyzed. On this basis, a calculation method for the displacement and instantaneous flow of the gerotor pump with multi-arc combined profile is proposed. In addition, a calculation model of the flow field characteristics of the gerotor pump with multi-arc combined profile is established, and the validity of the model is verified by experiments. Based on the model of traditional single-arc gerotor pump and the model of the gerotor pump with multi-arc combined profile, the flow rate, internal flow velocity, pressure distribution and gas volume fraction distribution under different working conditions are calculated respectively. The results show that: compared with the single-arc gerotor pump
jiang, Yue, Li, Min, wang, Xinping, Shangguan, Wenbin
Aerospace Fluid System Standards, Metric, National and InternationalAIR2000F (Current)3/25/2022
The purpose of this aerospace information report is to provide a listing of national and international metric standards for use in aerospace fluid systems with their equivalent SAE inch, International ISO, and European AECMA standards.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Aerospace Fluid System Standards, Metric, National and InternationalAIR2000F-TEST-REC (Historical)3/25/2022
The purpose of this aerospace information report is to provide a listing of national and international metric standards for use in aerospace fluid systems with their equivalent SAE inch, International ISO, and European AECMA standards.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Application Guide for Aerospace Hydraulic MotorsARP4940A (Current)11/9/2021
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is an application guide for fixed and variable displacement hydraulic motors. It provides details of the characteristics of fixed and variable displacement hydraulic motors, architectures, circuit designs, controls, and typical applications. The applications include airborne and defense vehicles with emphasis on high performance applications.
A-6C4 Power Sources Committee
Hydraulic Pump and Motor Mounting and Drive DimensionsJ744_202110 (Historical)10/8/2021
This SAE Standard applies to hydraulic pumps and motors used on off-road self-propelled work machines as described in SAE J1116.
CTTC C1, Hydraulic Systems
Hydraulic Pump and Motor Mounting and Drive DimensionsJ744_202110-TEST-REC (Historical)10/8/2021
This SAE Standard applies to hydraulic pumps and motors used on off-road self-propelled work machines as described in SAE J1116.
CTTC C1, Hydraulic Systems
A Multi-Physics Approach to Predict High Frequency NVH in Oil Pump Drives2021-01-10998/31/2021
NVH problems are often the result of mechanisms that originate through complex interactions between different physical domains (flow, structural/mechanical, control logic, etc.). Parallel-shaft spur gears subject to light torque loading caused by the dynamic pressure fluctuation of the oil used in engine accessory or transmission pump drives are likely to exhibit unusual gear whine associated with higher order meshing harmonics, even when the tooth profile has a high-quality grade finishing. Therefore, accurate integrated models are becoming a requirement to solve modern NVH problems.
Foraste Gomez, Llorenc, Aihara, Rodrigo, Chen, Yuping, Pan, Fumin, Nowaczyk, Kenneth
Inside Story: Watson-Marlow Fluid Technology GroupTBMG-397588/24/2021
For surgical procedures requiring irrigation, pumps are one of the more significant medical device components, and pump selection is paramount to operational success. Watson-Marlow Fluid Technology Group (WMFTG) specializes in fluid management, offering over 60 years’ experience in high-quality components for medical devices. MDB spoke to Rodd Turnquist, National Sales Manager US, OEM Division, WMFTG, to find out more about selecting the best pumps for medical devices and accelerating time to market.
Understanding Safety for Specialty Pumps in Medical Device ManufacturingTBMG-385562/1/2021
In medical device manufacturing, potentially flammable and hazardous chemicals such as acetone and isopropyl alcohol are often stored in 55-gal or larger drums for dispensing into smaller containers or at the point of use.
Method for Evaluating the Flow Properties of Pumpable SealersJ2025_202101 (Current)1/7/2021
This SAE Recommended Practice sets forth a method for evaluating the flow properties of automotive sealers that have been dispensed via a high pressure automatic system.
Materials, Processes and Parts Council
3D-Printed Miniature Magnetic PumpTBMG-3814312/1/2020
Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, offers a way to craft miniaturized devices that contain multiple materials with new capabilities, and that are designed on demand for more personalized applications.
Tunable, Chip-Based, Vortex Microlaser and DetectorTBMG-376569/1/2020
As computers get more powerful and connected, the amount of data sent and received is in a constant race with the technologies used to transmit it. Electrons are now proving insufficiently fast and are being replaced by photons as the demand for fiber optic Internet cabling and data centers grows.
Four Critical Challenges of Prehospital InfusionTBMG-375979/1/2020
Prehospital medicine, also referred to as emergency medical services (EMS), is a subspecialty within the medical field that initiates care for ill or injured patients before they arrive at a hospital or while they are in transit to a hospital. As a result of the nature of this unpredictable and ever-changing environment, prehospital clinicians, namely paramedics, must be prepared to handle every challenge thrown their way.
New High-Flow Valve for Portable Oxygen Concentrator SystemsTBMG-372487/1/2020
Battery-powered, highly portable oxygen concentrators are a growing trend in patient mobility, enabling more and more oxygen-dependent patients to leave behind bulky home oxygen concentrator systems; larger, older “portable” concentrators; or oxygen tanks for hours at a time. But creating and building devices with high oxygen capacity in a size and weight easily managed by an oxygen-dependent individual remains a major engineering challenge.
Flexure Testing of Hydraulic Tubing Joints and Fittings by Planar Resonant Vibration (Free-Free Beam)AIR1529B (Current)5/6/2020
This Aerospace Information Report (AIR) establishes flexure test procedures to determine and classify the fatigue strengths of reconnectable or permanent hydraulic tube joints. The procedure is intended for conducting flexure tests of fittings and joints for hydraulic tubing materials such as AMS 5561 steel, AMS 4944 titanium and MIL-T-7081 aluminum alloy, mounted as free-free resonant beams. Of particular advantage are the inherent simplicity of test setup, minimum restraint from a test fixture, low power requirements, short test duration, and ease of varying stress level.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Injectable Gel Helps Heart Muscle RegenerateTBMG-368625/1/2020
In mammals, including humans, the cells that contract the heart muscle and enable it to beat do not regenerate after injury. After a heart attack, there is a dramatic loss of these heart muscle cells, and those that survive cannot effectively replicate. With fewer of these contractile cells, known as cardiomyocytes, the heart pumps less blood with each beat, leading to the increased mortality associated with heart disease.
UDM Tip Temperature Control using Thermosyphon Principle2020-28-00404/30/2020
In today’s automobile industry where BS6 is posing a high challenge and with limited timeline. The main target is to provide the cooling system to have less impact on the in terms of cost, weight and meeting challenging engineering requirement. Thus, the frugal engineering comes into the picture. An important technology that has come into highlight in recent years is the application of thermosyphon principle for UDM injector cooling thereby reducing the rotation parts and power consumption such as an electric pump. Thermosyphon is a method of passive heat exchange and is based on natural convection, which circulates a fluid without the necessity of a mechanical or electric pump. The natural convection of the liquid commences when heat transfer to the liquid gives rise to a temperature difference from one side of the loop to the other. The Flow through the UDM is maintained by changing Temperature (hence density) of the fluid at one end using the force airflow. The main objective of the
Solomon, Samson, Thiyagarajan, Rajesh, Khan, Parvej
Leading Women in Engineering & Science: Kristin Edgerton, Lead Project EngineerTBMG-362453/1/2020
Fault Detection in Single Stage Helical Planetary Gearbox Using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Decision Tree with Histogram Features2019-28-015110/11/2019
Drive train failures are most common in wind turbines. Lots of effort has been made to improve the reliability of the gearbox but the truth is that these efforts do not provide a lifetime solution. Majority of failures are caused by bearing and gearbox. It also states that wind turbine gearbox failure causes the highest downtime as the repair has to be done at Original Equipment Manufacturer [OEM]. This work aims to predict the failures in planetary gearbox using fault diagnosis technique and machine learning algorithms. In the proposed method the failing parts of the planetary gearbox are monitored with the help of accelerometer sensor mounted on the planetary gearbox casing which will record the vibrations. A prototype has been fabricated as a miniature of single stage planetary gearbox. The vibrations of the healthy gearbox, sun defect, planet defect and ring defect under loaded conditions are obtained. The signals show the performance characteristics of the gearbox condition. These
Shaul Hameed, Syed, Vaithiyanathan, Muralidharan, Kesavan, Mahendran
Miniature Stretchable PumpTBMG-3529610/1/2019
Soft robots have a distinct advantage over rigid robots: they can adapt to complex environments, handle fragile objects, and interact safely with humans. Made from silicone, rubber, or other stretchable polymers, they are ideal for use in rehabilitation exoskeletons and robotic clothing. Soft bio-inspired robots could one day be deployed to explore remote or dangerous environments.
Crimping Tool and Accessories, Hydraulic Pumps, 10 000 psi MinimumAS5259/2A9/20/2019
Scope is unavailable.
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Light-Activated Micro-PumpTBMG-349198/1/2019
Even the smallest mechanical pumps have limitations, from the micro-fabrication techniques required to make them to the fact that there are limits on their size. A laser-driven photoacoustic microfluidic pump was developed that is capable of moving fluids in any direction without moving parts or electrical contacts. The pump uses a plasmonic quartz plate implanted with gold atoms to move liquids with a laser that generates an ultrasonic wave.
Method Uses Ultraviolet Light to Control Fluid Flow and Organize ParticlesTBMG-349078/1/2019
A new method uses ultraviolet light to control the flow of fluids by encouraging particles — from plastic microbeads, to bacterial spores, to pollutants — to gather and organize at a specific location within a liquid and, if desired, move to new locations.
Development of Impact Force 1D Model for Powertrain Component2019-01-15496/5/2019
Electromagnetic valves excellent in sealing properties and resistant to sliding are often used in powertrain equipment installed in gasoline- or diesel-engine vehicles. An electromagnetic valve has the function of moving internal valve members by means of electromagnetic force generated by the application of a voltage and thereby changing the flow path. When an electromagnetic valve operates, however, the valve members impact with one another, emitting impact noise caused by it. With the requirement for low noise in electromagnetic valves having become stricter recently from the viewpoint of comfort in the passenger compartment, predicting the noise is needed at the design stage. With this background, this paper describes the development of a 1D model of impact force that will enable the noise and the product performance to be examined simultaneously for a GDI (gasoline direct injection) high pressure pump. In contrast to the conventional model in which a movable member is taken as a
Yoshimaru, Yuma, Kondo, Makoto, Omuro, Yukie, Inaba, Masashi
Optimal Pressure Relief Groove Geometry for Improved NVH Performance of Variable Displacement Oil Pumps2019-01-15486/5/2019
Variable Displacement Oil Pump (VDOP) is becoming the design of choice for engine friction reduction and fuel economy improvement. Unfortunately, this pump creates excessive pressure ripples, at the outlet port during oil pump shaft rotation, causing oscillating forces within the lubrication system and leading to the generation of objectionable tonal noises and vibrations. In order to minimize the level of noise, different vanes spacing and porting geometries are used. Moreover, an oil pressure relief groove can be added, at the onset of the high pressure port, to achieve this goal. This paper presents an optimization method to identify the best geometry of the oil pressure relief groove. This method integrates adaptive meshing, 3D CFD simulation, Matlab routine and Genetic Algorithm based optimization. The genetic algorithm is used to create the required design space in order to perform a multi-objective optimization using a large number of parameterized groove geometries. Results of
Zouani, Abdelkrim, Marri, Vidya
Swept Volume Approach for the Characterization of Pumping Loss of Shrouded Meshed Cylindrical GearsF-0075-2019-146815/13/2019
High speed rotorcraft transmissions are subject to load-independent power losses consisting of drag and pumping loss. Tightly conforming shrouds enclosing the transmission gears are often incorporated to reduce the drag component of the total load independent losses. However, tightly conforming axial shrouding can result in an increase in the pumping loss component. Quantifying the pumping loss of shrouded gear transmissions has been the subject of many studies. This study presents a new approach for estimating pumping loss based on the concept of swept volume borrowed from the positive displacement pump and compressor industry. In this study, pumping loss of shrouded gear transmissions is considered to be related to the swept volume of the gear sets and the downstream flow resistance created by the shroud clearances. The drag loss and pumping loss of a spur gear pair have been determined through testing using the NASA Glenn Research Center Gear Windage Test Facility. The results from
Hurrell, Michael, Delgado, Irebert
Soft Robotic “Sleeve” Fits Around the Heart to Help it BeatTBMG-336161/1/2019
Researchers have developed a customizable soft robot that fits around a heart and helps it beat, potentially opening new treatment options for people suffering from heart failure.
Experimental Data of a Small-Size Gas ICE Driven Heat Pump (GHP) and Comparison of the Environmental Performance with an Electric Heat Pump2018-32-007010/30/2018
Worldwide, whenever thermal energy is required one of the most common supply solution is represented by the adoption of an electric heat pump. Nevertheless, other solutions may represent a valid option and the use of a Gas Heat Pump (GHP), based on an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) fed by natural gas, is one of these. The experimental results of the operations of a GHP in a small-size enterprise in central Italy are presented: the test site, with its energy requests and technical constraints is described. Furtherly, a comparison with an electric heat pump is carried out by reproducing its behavior through a 1-D simulation tool developed in the Simulink environment. The advantages that the thermal generator based on the ICE can bring compared to an electric solution from the technical, economic, and environmental point of view are highlighted. In particular the latter aspect is analyzed considering the boundaries of different European Countries, whose energy mix for the electricity
Magnani, Sandro, Bellissima, Alessandro, Azuma, Hiroshi, Danti, Piero
Popcorn-Driven Robotic ActuatorsTBMG-3307910/1/2018
When heated, popcorn can expand more than 10 times in size, change its viscosity by a factor of 10, and transition from regular to highly irregular granules with surprising force. These unique qualities can power inexpensive robotic devices that grip, expand, or change rigidity.
Modeling, Development, and Testing of Fluidic Flexible Matrix Composite Blade DampersF-0074-2018-127495/14/2018
ABSTRACT Currently existing lead-lag dampers are complex and maintenance-intensive parts of the rotor hub, and they are ineffective solutions for stiff-inplane rotors which experience very small deformation at the blade root. This paper introduces a new class of rotor blade dampers that use Fluidic Flexible Matrix Composite (F2MC) tubes connected to fluidic circuits. Models are developed that couple the blade, F2MC tube, and fluidic circuit dynamics in order to assess the performance of the proposed solutions. In this paper, two different devices are proposed for augmenting the damping of hingeless and articulated rotors. The first device is a compact F2MC damped vibration absorber intended for stiff-inplane rotor applications. Simulation results predict that an F2MC absorber placed at the root of a representative stiff-inplane hingeless rotor blade can increase the blade damping ratio from 2% to over 6%. The second device provides lag damping in an articulated rotor blade by
Krott, Matthew, Smith, Edward, Palacios, Jose, Rahn, Christopher
Application of Intermediate Vapor Bypass to Mobile Heat Pump System: Extending Operating Range to Lower Ambient Temperature with Low Pressure Low GWP Fluid2018-01-00714/3/2018
With market share of electric vehicles continue to grow, there is an increasing demand of mobile heat pump for cabin climate control, as it has much higher energy efficiency when compared to electric heating and helps to cut drive range reduction. One big challenge of heat pump systems is that their heating capacities drop significantly when operating at very low ambient temperature, especially for those with low pressure refrigerants. This paper presents a way to improve low ambient temperature heating performance by using intermediate vapor bypass with the outdoor heat exchanger, which works as an evaporator in heat pump mode. The experimental results show a 35% increase of heating capacity at −20 °C ambient with the improved system as compared to the baseline, and heating performance factor also slightly increased when the system is working at higher ambient temperature to reach the same heating capacity as the baseline. Further improvement of system design and heat exchanger
Feng, Lili, Hrnjak, Predrag
System Characteristics of Direct and Secondary Loop Heat Pump for Electrical Vehicles2018-01-00634/3/2018
The electricity energy consumption for passenger cabin heating can drastically shorten the driving range for electric vehicles in cold climates. Mobile heat pump system is considered as an effective method to improve heating efficiency. This study investigates the system characteristics of mobile heat pump systems for electrical vehicle application. Based on KULI thermal management software, simulation models including HFC-R134a direct heat pump (DHP) and secondary loop heat pump (SLHP) were developed. The secondary loop employed in the SLHP includes a coolant pump, an indoor heater core and a plate heat exchanger, instead of an indoor condenser in the DHP. The use of a secondary loop has advantages to improve air outlet temperature uniformity. The simulation models were verified by measured data obtained from calorimeter experiments. By adopting simulation models, the effects of indoor and outdoor temperatures on system performance and cycle characteristics were discussed. Results
Wang, Dandong, Gao, Tianyuan, Li, Wanyong, Yang, Yun, Shi, Junye, Chen, Jiangping
Cold-Start Hydrocarbon Speciation and Trap Materials for Gasoline Engines2018-01-09404/3/2018
Efficient hydrocarbon (HC) trap materials have been developed to trap the major emitting HC compounds from gasoline direct injection engines. Online FTIR measurements on different test cycles and catalytic systems showed that AHC, C5 compounds, and CH4 were the most emitted species at cold-start phase (up to 100 sec). Making AHC and C5 as targets for improving the HC light-off, lab scale reactor set-up was established with toluene and iso-pentane feed pumping system along with propane-propene mixture. TGA screening experiments conducted with ex-situ toluene adsorption and the results revealed that BEA type materials have moderate to higher HC trapping temperature and HC storage capacity. In the present investigation, BEA-HS exhibited outstanding stability and trapping ability even after 850 °C hydrothermal aging. PGM and TM based BEA materials were evaluated for HC-TPD experiments with TWC gas composition. Interestingly, adsorption properties of the samples at various aging
Narayana Rao, Komateedi, Kim, Mi-Young, Song, Jinwoo, Na, SeungChul, Han, Hyun Sik
Experimental Analysis of Fuel and Injector Body Temperature Effect on the Hydraulic Behavior of Latest Generation Common Rail Injection Systems2018-01-02824/3/2018
The present paper describes the effect of thermal conditions on the hydraulic behavior of Diesel common rail injectors, with a particular focus on low temperatures for fuel and injector body. The actual injection system thermal state can significantly influence both the injected quantity and the injection shape, requiring proper amendments to the base engine calibration in order to preserve the combustion efficiency and pollutant emissions levels. In particular, the introduction of the RDE (Real Driving Emission) test cycle widens the effective ambient temperature range for the homologation cycle, this way stressing the importance of the thermal effects analysis. An experimental test bench was developed in order to characterize the injector in an engine-like configuration, i.e. fuel pump, piping, common rail, pressure control system and injectors. One of the injectors is used for the measurement of injection rate time profile by means of a Zeuch method-based injection analyzer, mean
Cavicchi, Andrea, Postrioti, Lucio, Pesce, Francesco Concetto, Ferrara, Umberto
Range Extension Opportunities While Heating a Battery Electric Vehicle2018-01-00664/3/2018
The Kia Soul battery electric vehicle (BEV) is available with either a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater or an R134a heat pump (HP) with PTC heater combination [1]. The HP uses both ambient air and waste heat from the motor, inverter, and on-board-charger (OBC) for its heat source. Hanon Systems, Hyundai America Technical Center, Inc. (HATCI) and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory jointly, with financial support from the U.S. Department of Energy, developed and proved-out technologies that extend the driving range of a Kia Soul BEV while maintaining thermal comfort in cold climates. Improved system configuration concepts that use thermal storage and waste heat more effectively were developed and evaluated. Range extensions of 5%-22% at ambient temperatures ranging from 5 °C to −18 °C were demonstrated. This paper reviews the three-year effort, including test data of the baseline and modified vehicles, resulting range extension, and recommendations for future actions.
Meyer, John J., Lustbader, Jason, Agathocleous, Nicos, Vespa, Antonio, Rugh, John, Titov, Gene
Study on the Delay Characteristics of Electric Unit Pump2018-01-03134/3/2018
Accurate injection timing is necessary for the coordination of fuel injection system, intake system and combustion chamber. However, the electric unit pump has obvious delay characteristic, so the delay characteristics of electric unit pump were studied in this paper. Five main parameters of the delay characteristics were defined, which were namely electronic delay, electromagnetic delay, electro hydraulic delay, hydraulic delay and mechanical delay. Then six delay points were determined such as current generation delay, solenoid valve closing delay, injector opening delay, injection delay, solenoid valve opening delay and fuel pressure relief delay by analyzing the working process of the system. Based on the method of experiment, the change rules of the delay time were obtained at different input conditions by changing the parameters of cam speed, injection pulse width, injection timing, peak current and holding current finally. The result shows that the injector opening delay time
Xu, Yang, Liu, Fushui
Performance Characteristics of a Mobile Heat Pump System at Low Ambient Temperature2018-01-00764/3/2018
The demand for mobile heat pump systems increases with the growing popularity of electric vehicles. One big challenge of such systems using low pressure refrigerant is the substantial drop of heating capacity at low ambient temperature conditions, when heat is most needed. The low suction density associated with low operating pressure in the evaporator is the major reason for the capacity drop. In extremely low ambient temperature, compressor speed may need to be regulated in order to prevent suction pressure going below atmospheric pressure, hence further reducing heat pumping capability. Other factors like pressure drop induced temperature glide and refrigerant maldistribution in the outdoor evaporator also weakens the system ability to absorb heat from ambient air. This paper presents detailed and in-depth analysis of the performance and limiting factors on low ambient temperature operation of a mobile heat pump system using refrigerant R1234yf. Experimental data are taken for
Feng, Lili, Hrnjak, Predrag
Engine oil Thermal Management: Oil Sump Volume Modification and Heating by Exhaust Heat During ICE Warm Up2018-01-13664/3/2018
In the perspective of fuel saving and emissions reduction, engine oil thermal management has not yet received the attention it deserves. Lubricating oil, in fact, should be the focus of a specific warmup action: the expected benefits is on friction reduction – mechanical efficiency improvement – but also on a positive interaction with the cooling fluid thermal dynamics. The lower thermal capacity of the circulating oil (with respect to the cooling fluid) and the instantaneous reduction of the viscosity due to temperature increase produces a faster engine overall efficiency benefit: this invites to focus specific actions on its thermal management in the direction of speeding up the temperature rise during a cold engine starting. Being the mechanical engine efficiency strongly influenced by the friction losses and considering the important benefits on oil viscosity due to a temperature increase, important beneficial effects should be observed on fuel consumption: unfortunately, the big
Di Battista, Davide, Cipollone, Roberto, Fatigati, Fabio
Advances in Gasoline Direct Injection Fuel Pump Technologies2018-01-03674/3/2018
The introduction of gasoline direct injection (GDI) fuel systems has created numerous technical and manufacturing challenges for fuel system engineers. Direct injection systems run at significantly higher pressures compared to port fuel injection, leading to increased stresses on fuel system components. The demands of GDI pump applications have led to significant innovation opportunities in areas such as high-pressure sealing, control of pumping noise and management of increased loads on pumping elements and pump structure. Shifts in the methodologies for the design of components and materials used, as well as changes to the validation and manufacturing processes, have been required to develop fuel systems for direct injection engines. New technologies for the assembly and joining of materials have also been important to further optimize designs for size, weight, and cost. Recent advances in materials and forming technologies have opened design possibilities to integrate pump sub
Cavanagh, Mark, Pellini, Richard, Pinson, John
Making Heart Transplants Obsolete with Small Removable PumpTBMG-285183/1/2018
On the 50th anniversary of the first heart transplant, which occurred in December 1967, a University of Houston biomedical engineer is creating a next-generation heart pump for patients suffering with heart failure. Results are so promising that Ralph Metcalfe, professor of mechanical and biomedical engineering, who oversees the research project with William Cohn, director of the Center for Device Innovation at the Texas Medical Center, predicts radical improvement in treatment of failing hearts will happen within a decade.
Small Sensor Array Offers Easier Way to Image BrainTBMG-285253/1/2018
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories want to use small magnetic sensors to image the brain in a way that's simpler and less expensive than the magnetoencephalography system now used.
MEG Technology Improves Diagnosis of EpilepsyTBMG-283532/1/2018
Leti, a research institute of CEA Tech, has taken a major step toward development of next-generation magnetoencephalography (MEG) that could significantly reduce the cost of MEG systems and scans, improve diagnosis and treatment for epilepsy patients, and help guide surgeons performing brain surgery.
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