Browse Topic: Mirrors

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Do Not Let the Door Hit2026-26-00261/16/2026
Modern vehicles are equipped with numerous safety systems focused primarily on active and passive crash protection, but less attention is given to low-speed or stationary scenarios: particularly when occupants exits the vehicle. One common and often underestimated risk occurs when the vehicle door is opened without awareness of nearby obstacles such as walls, poles, or other vehicles. This paper introduces a novel, intelligent solution aimed at enhancing safety during driver egress. The proposed system leverages the existing ORVM (Outside Rear View Mirror) cameras to monitor and measure the surface area adjacent to the vehicle. When the vehicle is parked and the engine is turned off, the system becomes active. As the driver initiates the exit, the system scans for obstructions near the door. If an obstacle is detected within a predefined danger zone, it projects a warning symbol on the Instrument cluster via the puddle lamp and triggers an audible chime to alert the occupant. This dual
Bhuyan, Anurag, Khandekar, Dhiraj, Jahagirdar, Shweta
Adaptability Survey and analysis of Camera Monitoring Systems (CMS) on Various Driving Population for Passenger Vehicles in Indian Driving Scenario2026-26-06011/16/2026
This paper presents a comprehensive survey and data collection study on the adaptability of Camera Monitoring Systems (CMS) for passenger vehicles. With the growing demand for enhanced safety, automation, and driver assistance technologies, Camera Monitoring Systems (CMS) has emerged as a key component in modern automotive design. This study aims to explore the current state of camera-based monitoring in passenger vehicles, focusing on their adaptability through survey data collection of various driving population and analysis. This paper evaluates the acceptance of CMS configurations in replacement to conventional rear view mirrors through Position of Monitor, Clarity, CMS Adaptiveness to eyes, Comfort while turning, Merging into moving traffic, Monitoring Rear Traffic, while Getting Out of Car, while Overtaking, Coverage Area and Overall Acceptance. The findings offer valuable insights for manufacturers, engineers, and researchers working toward the evolution of intelligent vehicle
Sinha, Ankit, Tambolkar, Sonali Ameya, Belavadi Venkataramaiah, Shamsundara, Kauffmann, Maximilian
An Outer Waist Seal with Integrated Glass Wiping Mechanism for a Window Frame of a Vehicle2026-26-00111/16/2026
This innovation addresses a major safety concern where drivers experience poor visibility of the Outside Rear View Mirror due to rain, fog, dust, or ice accumulation on the side door window glass. Existing solutions like hydrophobic coatings and heated door window glasses offer limited effectiveness, leading to the need for a more reliable and efficient system. To solve this issue, we have modified Outer Waist Seal by integrating Glass Wiping Mechanism in it. The Outer Waist Seal is a weatherproof strip located at the bottom edge of a vehicle’s side window, attached to the door panel. It prevents heavy water flow, dust, and debris from entering the door cavity while also supporting the window glass during its movement. This system features a stationary fixed arm and a rotating arm with an attached wiper blade, driven by a low-speed, high-torque motor and connected with the vehicle's Body Control Module. Upon activation, the rotating arm with blade wipes the Outside Rear View Mirror
Neelam, Rajat, Chowdhury, Ashok, Panchal, Girish, Kumar, Saurav
Microcontroller-based modular mirror for Heavy and Mid commercial vehicles2026-26-00181/16/2026
Existing ICE Mid and Heavy commercial vehicles in the Indian and international market are recording a large number of mishaps due to blind spots and non accessibility of the driver to the opposite side mirror in real-time driving. Non-driver side rear view mirror adjustment creates the need for the driver to get down and adjust the mirror manually/ get support from the co-passenger. The paper proposes a solution for a Microcontroller-based compact mirror adjustment system, which will run with minimal economy and highest efficiency. This will assist drivers in aesthetically and safely monitoring of mirror to check on specific blind spots in day conditions. Mirror will be actuated via a Modular control panel, a Dashboard with audio input or button-operated system based on vehicle type and customer need, along with a quick response mechanism to operate the mirror. This will reduce the prone accidents due to non-visibility by approximately 30%, ensuring enhanced road safety and driver
Jambagi, Vaibhavi Vyankatesh, Gangvekar, Onkar, Bhandari, Kiran Kamlakar
"Addressing Reflection-Related Issues in Vehicle Interiors: Ensuring Safer and More Comfortable Driving Experiences"2026-26-05531/16/2026
Reflection significantly influences vehicle driving conditions, impacting both driver comfort and safety. Direct reflections from sunlight or artificial lighting can lead to stress, fatigue, and impaired road visibility, increasing the risk of accidents. Indirect reflections, such as glare from mirrors or dashboard surfaces, pose temporary challenges by distracting drivers and affecting their focus. The intensity and direction of reflections vary with the position of the sun during the day and artificial lights at night, creating visibility issues. Reflection is categorized into daytime reflection, characterized by sunlight-induced glare, and night reflection, driven by internal displays, headlights, and streetlights. To address this, our study focuses on design, vehicle interiors, colour and Pattern to mitigate the Reflection related issues. Our study also focuses on Innovative solutions like anti-reflective coatings, polarized accessories to minimize these effects, ensuring safer and
Jayapandiyan, Raja, DWARAPUDI, DURGAPRASAD, BALU, LAXSHMAANJI, Muthu, Karthikeyan, RANGARAJAN BHARATWAJ, Barath, Natarajasundaram, Balasubramanian
Experimental Study to Investigate and Control Image Blurriness due to IRVM Vibration2026-26-03211/16/2026
Vibration is one of the prominent factors that determine the quality & comfort level of a vehicle. Moreover, if vibration occurs in areas that are almost entirely within customer touchpoints (during either city or highway driving conditions), it could become a critical factor behind the deterioration of brand image within the market. The interior rear-view mirror (IRVM) is one of the important components inside passenger cabin, providing drivers with a clear view of the rear traffic. However, vibrations induced by engine operation, road irregularities, and aerodynamic forces can cause the IRVM to oscillate, leading to image blurriness and compromised visibility and safety. This paper investigates the underlying causes of IRVM vibrations and their impact on image clarity. Through a combination of experimental analysis and computational modelling, we identify key factors contributing to mirror instability. The findings indicate the specific frequencies of vibration, particularly those
Khan, Aamir Naved, Saraswat, Vivek, Jha, Kartik, SINGH, HEMENDRA, Seenivasan, Gokulram, Khan, Nafees
Unsteady Boundary Layer Transition Measurements on a Rotor in Forward FlightF-0074-2018-126925/7/2024
ABSTRACT A proof of concept test to measure the unsteady boundary layer transition locations on the lower surface of a Machscaled rotor in forward flight was performed during the Summer of 2017 in the NASA Langley 14- by 22-Foot Subsonic Tunnel. The transition locations were measured using high-speed infrared thermography with a rotating mirror assembly that could be remotely actuated to acquire data at several rotor azimuths. Data were acquired for eight unique rotor flight conditions for a range of advance ratios (μ=0:10 : 0:38), thrust coefficients (CT/α =0:04 : 0:12) and rotor shaft angles (αs = -6 deg : 0 deg). This paper presents the transition locations as a function of azimuth and radius for an advance ratio of, μ, of 0.30, and thrust coefficent, CT/α, of 0.08. At this condition, the lower surface is fully laminar on the retreating side and mostly turbulent on the advancing side except near the tip. The tip airfoils were greater than 60 percent laminar on the lower surface
Overmeyer, Austin, Heineck, J.T., Wolf, Christian
Digital evaluation of mirror (IRVM & ORVM)2024-26-02641/16/2024
Abstract This paper provides the required projection, mirror locations, contours, and curvature area calculation in the design phase. Similarly, we can also do measurements of the driver's head and eye locations by looking into each mirror. This method can be applied to passenger cars, light & heavy trucks. The required projected area can be calculated by using simulation and modeling software (CATIA), and further projected area of ORVM and IRVM can be fulfilled by modifying the size and shape of the mirror as per the requirements. Rotation and position can be controlled by rays from the manikin's eye to the edge of the ORVM/IRVM and helps control the blind zone. ORVM & IRVM fitment in vehicle is carried out with the help of AIS standards (automotive industrial standards) in INDIA. According to the AIS standards, there are specific measurements as per the class of vehicle. For example: AIS-002 (Part 1) (Rev. 1):2011 Automotive Vehicles - Approval of Devices for Indirect Vision intended
Dias, Francis Anton
Improving the Sound Transmission Loss of Wire Harness Pass Throughs2025-01-01185/5/2023
Abstract Improving the Sound Transmission Loss of Wire Harness Pass Throughs For years the NVH community has known that openings in the dash sheet metal, such as holes to pass wire harnesses through, create an acoustical weak point that limits the potential noise reduction of the dash insulation system. These pass throughs can also be a source of water leaks into the vehicle’s interior. With the combustible engine and now electric inverter power plants, the need to seal this area is vital. By molding a lightweight barrier that draws through the fiber/absorber interior decoupler and dash sheet metal which mates to a secondary seal molded into an outer engine dash decoupler, the two opposing molded barriers meet in the engine compartment and compress together forming a seal around the wire harness. This male/female molded seal replaces the conventional snap in grommet and eliminates noise/water leaks. The system Sound Transmission Loss (STL) is equivalent to similarly insulated sheet
Check, James, Moritz, Charles
Correlated beamforming based on deconvolution methods for identified vehicle exterior wind noise sources and interior noise2025-01-00255/5/2023
Sound source identification based on beamforming is widely used today as a spatial sound field visualization technology in wind tunnel experiments for vehicle development. However, the conventional beamforming technique has its inherent limitations. To improve the performance, three deconvolution methods CLEAN, CLEAN-SC and DAMAS were investigated. These algorithms were applied for the wind noise sources identification on a production car. After analysis of vehicle exterior wind noise sources distribution, to study the energetic contribution of identified exterior noise sources to interior noise, correlation analysis between them were conducted. The results show that, the algorithm CLEAN-SC based on spatial source coherence shows the outstanding capability to remove the sidelobes for the uncorrelated wind noise sources, while CLEAN and DAMAS which based on point spread function have definite limitations. In the application aspect, the main noise source outside vehicle is from the
He, Yinzhi, Shen, Henghao, Wu, Yu, Zhang, Lijun, Yang, Zhigang
Panoptic Based Camera and Lidar Fusion for Distance Estimation in Autonomous Driving Vehicles2022-28-030710/5/2022
Position estimation of the surrounding objects seen by the sensors mounted on an autonomous vehicle is a key module and it is typically carried out with the camera-lidar fusion owing to the high accuracy in depth estimation from lidar point cloud. In typical automotive LIDAR with 64 scanner points or less, at distances above 100m, the object detection with LIDAR is not dependable as the number of LIDAR clusters will be sparse, while the high-resolution camera can offer better detection even at the distances above 100m. Calculation of the position can be best achieved if there is a reliable means to get the corresponding LIDAR points for the detection in camera. To address this, we are proposing a novel a grid-based approach, in which a grid is created in the point cloud by calculating object’s position derived from camera detections. The correspondence between Camera pixels and LIDAR point cloud tends to suffer when the object of interest is occluded (eg.by other vehicles, guard rails
Jose, Edwin, P, Aparna M, Patil, Mrinalini, Thayyil Ravi, Arunkrishna, Rajan, Manoj
Ensuring No Child Left Inside22AVEP04_054/1/2022
Up-armed with new key technologies, Gentex is making ‘holistic’ driver and cabin monitoring a core-brand hallmark. A step-change in sensing precision is underway for vehicle interior applications, with increased capabilities spurred by new technology, customer interest in occupant safety and entertainment, and global regulations. Gentex is among those setting the pace in this fast-moving and hyper-competitive field, as it integrates its long experience in mirror-based opto-electronic systems and sensor fusion with the 2021 acquisition of Tel Aviv-based Guardian Optical Technologies and the 2020 purchase of Vaporsens. The Holland, Mich.-based Tier 1 uses the term “holistic driver and cabin monitoring” to describe the interconnection of the two main development thrusts. There is discrete driver monitoring, vital for SAE Levels 2 and 3 of driving automation, with a subset of features aimed at driver distraction, drowsiness, weariness, sudden sickness, etc. And there's the ‘holistic
Brooke, Lindsay
Measuring the Radius of Curvature of Convex MirrorsJ1246_202110 (Current)10/15/2021
The SAE Recommended Practice is intended for use in measuring the radius of curvature (ROC) of spherical convex mirrors.
Driver Vision Standards Committee
Hurdles and Solutions towards improving the Charging Experience2021-26-01449/22/2021
Charging is a key challenge for electromobility that needs interconnected and seamlessly integrated solutions and technologies. The focus of this paper is on charging robustness, interoperability, fast charging and efficiency inside as well as outside of the vehicle. A comprehensive overview of the complexity of charging features and hurdles will be given including issues which are typically faced in developing, integrating and testing. Elaborated methods and solutions to overcome these hurdles will be presented along the development roadmap. AVL’s success story as forerunner in the 800V technology for passenger cars goes back to 2012. It represents one of the fundamental requirements for ultrafast charging and mirrors AVL’s pioneering spirit to contribute to the vision of a clean, affordable, connected and intelligent mobility.
Langer, Benjamin
Motor Vehicle Glazing - Electrical CircuitsJ216_202109 (Current)9/1/2021
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes limits for electrical circuits on motor vehicle safety glazing materials.
Glazing Materials Standards Committee
Microsimulation-Based Evaluation of an Eco-Approach Strategy for Automated Vehicles Using Vehicle-in-the-Loop2021-01-01124/6/2021
Connected and automated technologies poised to change the way vehicles operate are starting to enter the mainstream market. Methods to accurately evaluate these technologies, in particular for their impact on safety and energy, are complex due to the influence of static and environmental factors, such as road environment and traffic scenarios. Therefore, it is important to develop modeling and testing frameworks that can support the development of complex vehicle functionalities in a realistic environment. Microscopic traffic simulations have been increasingly used to assess the performance of connected and automated vehicle technologies in traffic networks. In this paper, we propose and apply an evaluation method based on a combination of microscopic traffic simulation (AIMSUN) and a chassis dynamometer-based vehicle-in-the-loop environment, developed at Argonne National Laboratory. This method is applied to analyze the impact of surrounding traffic on an eco-driving vehicle
Di Russo, Miriam, Iliev, Simeon, Stutenberg, Kevin, Crain, Trevor
Compact Infrared SpectrometerTBMG-384732/1/2021
Mobile phones can do almost anything. With these devices, it might even be possible to ascertain a beer’s alcohol content or how ripe a piece of fruit is. The infrared spectrometers used today for chemical analyses generally weigh several kilograms and are difficult to integrate into a handheld device.
Velodyne Preps for Volume Lidar21AVEP01_071/1/2021
The $500 Velarray H800 is aimed at ADAS applications and automated production at scale. Prior to 2020, there were allegedly 80 to 100 “lidar companies” in the world, depending on who in Silicon Valley was compiling the list. Such was the over-inflated bubble of autonomous mobility prior to the pandemic. How many of those fledglings retain any viability today is anyone's guess, but one thing is certain: Velodyne is real, and remains the best-known player of the lidar world. So, its announcement last November of the Velarray H800 - first in a new family of solid-state lidars aimed at automotive ADAS and AV applications - continues to resonate among OEMs and Tier-1 integrators. In development since 2017, the H800 is based on Velodyne's MLA (micro-lidar array) technology that uses eight edge-emitting lasers. It also features the company's proprietary photo detectors and its own ASIC microchip - an application-specific integrated circuit designed for a special application.
Brooke, Lindsay
Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (CEAS) for Ozone DetectionTBMG-383561/1/2021
Engineers at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center tasked with measuring atmospheric ozone — an important pollutant and greenhouse gas — discovered that existing optical instrumentation would not be sufficient to achieve their performance requirements. Specifically, the current systems did not possess the precision necessary to make low-concentration measurements at fast time resolution.
LIGHT, DESK, AIRCRAFTAS7768/1B (Current)11/9/2020
A-20C Interior Lighting
Electronically Controlled 2D Reflector Improves Microwave CommunicationsTBMG-376459/1/2020
Researchers are reinventing the mirror, at least for microwaves, potentially replacing the familiar 3D dishes and microwave horns seen on rooftops and cell towers with flat panels that are compact, versatile, and better adapted for modern communication technologies. The new reflectors offer lightweight, low-profile alternatives to conventional antennas. The panels could be easily incorporated onto surfaces of buildings or terrestrial vehicles.
Editorial20AVEP07_017/1/2020
For me, the June 19 announcement from Mercedes-Benz and the BMW Group that the two German powerhouses are placing their automated-driving joint-development program “on hold” pretty much closed the book on the irrational exuberance era of autonomous-vehicle hype. The projected economic ramifications of COVID-19 are only capping off a wave of reality that was sweeping through the AV development world. Anybody with sense always knew the runway was suspiciously short for wide swaths of AV investment and development. The inevitable cash desert coming in COVID's wake simply made the industry's famously venture capital-driven optimism undeniable.
Visnic, Bill
Bio-Inspired PropulsionTBMG-372197/1/2020
From the vibrations of the rear-view mirror just as a car reaches 70 miles per hour to a building that collapses when, in an earthquake, it begins to vibrate at a specific frequency, there is untapped energy that could be harnessed for propulsion. Researchers found relationships between frequencies and the passive dynamics at play when vehicles move in air or water that help them understand how to use these forces to enhance performance.
Numerical Investigation of Tonal Noise at Automotive Side Mirrors Due to Aeroacoustic Feedback2020-01-15146/3/2020
In addition to the typical broadband noise character of wind noise, tonal noise phenomena can be much more disruptive, regardless of the overall interior noise quality of the vehicle. Whistling sounds usually occur by flow over sharp edges and resonant gaps, but can also be caused by the feedback of sound waves with laminar boundary layers or separation bubbles and the resulting frequency-selective growth of boundary layer instabilities. Such aeroacoustic feedback can e.g. occur at the side mirror of a vehicle and one compellingly needs the coupling of acoustic and flow field. A compressible large eddy simulation (LES) is in principle suitable but one has to take care of any numerical artifacts which can disturb the entire acoustic field. This paper describes the possibility to resolve aeroacoustic feedback with a commercial 2nd/3rd order finite volume CFD code. A zonal RANS/LES approach is used to ensure a realistic flow around the exterior side mirror mounted at a Mercedes-Benz C
Schell, Alexander, Eiselt, Mark
Process for Producing High-Quality, Lightweight MirrorsTBMG-370186/1/2020
Virtually all conventional lightweight mirrors are made by optically grinding and polishing an already lightweighted blank. Mirrors made this way always risk print-through to the optical surface. In some cases, this can be removed by a zero-pressure process, such as ion-beam polishing, although these processes tend to be slow and costly. Lightweighting after optical polishing is not an option for conventional materials as their inhomogeneous qualities and internal stresses cause the lightweighting to distort the optical surface.
N&V Component Structural Integration and Mounted Component Durability Implications2020-01-13964/14/2020
Exterior component integration presents competing performance challenges for balanced exterior styling, safety, ‘structural feel’ [1] and durability. Industry standard practices utilize noise and vibration mode maps and source-path-receiver [2] considerations for component mode frequency placement. This modal frequency placement has an influence on ‘structural feel’ and durability performance. Challenges have increased with additional styling content, geometric overhang from attachment points, component size and mass, and sensor modules. Base excitation at component attachment interfaces are increase due to relative positioning of the suspension and propulsion vehicle source inputs. These components might include headlamps, side mirrors, end gates, bumpers and fascia assemblies. Here, we establish basic expectations for the behavior of these systems, and ultimately consolidate existing rationales that are applied to these systems. We consider a simple two degree-of-freedom system
Stebbins, Mark, Schudt, Joseph
Noise, Vibration, and Harshness Considerations for Autonomous Vehicle Perception Equipment2020-01-04824/14/2020
Automakers looking to remake their traditional vehicle line-up into autonomous vehicles, Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH) considerations for autonomous vehicles are soon to follow. While traditional NVH considerations still must be applied to carry-over systems, additional components are required for an autonomous vehicle to operate. These additional components needed for autonomy also require NVH analysis and optimization. Autonomous vehicles rely on a suite of sensors, including Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and cameras placed at optimal points on the vehicle for maximum coverage and utilization. In this study, the NVH considerations of autonomous vehicles are examined, focusing on the additional perception equipment installed in autonomous vehicles. In particular, the nature of modifications to existing vehicles to increase the level of autonomy, and the associated NVH characteristics of these alterations, are reviewed with suggestions for future application to autonomous
Gates, Charlie, Bastiaan, Jennifer, Jadhav, Prashant, Baqersad, Javad, Peters, Diane
Decision Making and Trajectory Planning of Intelligent Vehicle’ s Lane-Changing Behavior on Highways under Multi-Objective Constrains2020-01-01244/14/2020
Discretionary lane changing is commonly seen in highway driving. Intelligent vehicles are expected to change lanes discretionarily for better driving experience and higher traffic efficiency. This study proposed to optimize the decision-making and trajectory-planning process so that intelligent vehicles made lane changes not only with driving safety taken into account, but also with the goal to improve driving comfort as well as to meet the driver’ s expectation. The mechanism of how various factors contribute to the driver’s intention to change lanes was studied by carrying out a series of driving simulation experiments, and a Lane-Changing Intention Generation (LCIG) model based on Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) was proposed. The inputs of the Bi-LSTM were data fragments of several influencing factors including the relative velocity and the distance between the relative vehicles, the type of the preceding vehicles, and the average velocity of the adjacent traffic
Nie, Linzhen, Yin, Zhishuai, Huang, Haoran
Virtual Verification of Light Reflection for Cluster and Side Mirror in Real Time Scenario2020-01-05684/14/2020
In the very automobile world trends are changing at a very fast pace, due to continuous expectation changes by user and new regulatory requirements demand from government authorities with a very stringent timeline. In the current scenario, manufacturer has to wait for mock up for concept selection and physical proto build to conclude open points of design verification. This complete process takes more than a year to enhance the design maturity for further builds. In VECV we have created Cluster design standard to meet different level of cluster illumination & reflection at virtual level. We are defining the cluster light illumination based on our rigorous study on cluster reflection impact on side glass, windscreen and mirror. Accordingly we have packaged our mirror to minimize the impact of cluster reflection on mirror visibility. With the help of virtual verification of cluster and Side mirror inter co-relation of packaging, we significantly reduced the time loss and save huge cost
Bhatnagar, Manas, Biswal, Jyotiranjan, Sharma, Saurabh
Investigation on Safety Improvements by Lighting for Pedestrians and Cyclists2020-01-06334/14/2020
The paper will describe actual investigations on safety improvements by new lighting functions. Especially the new chance of projections on the road surface either by simple reflector technology or by modern signature and pattern projection will be investigated. Several different prototype technology will be checked by a set of new parameters, e.g. reaction time to signals, clear understanding, minimum and optimum visual contrasts etc.
Hamm, Michael, Hinterwaelder, Christian
A Research on Kinematic Optimization of Auto Flush Door Handle System2020-01-06234/14/2020
A fascinating exterior appearance is one of the most important values for customers so the realization of the innovative styling has been a major topic for car makers for several years. Also, since the base of autonomous driving and electric vehicle is being expanded recently, it is essential to not only create high-tech image on a vehicle but also realize the engineering design in reality. From that point of view, the auto flush handle can be unique sales point to enhance the degree of the completion of the exterior styling. The purpose of this study is to establish the kinematic system of auto flush door handle to overcome the exterior handicaps such as not only the excessive exposure of the internal area on the deployed position but also to determine the proper operating speed. In order to resolve these issues, the Scott-Russell mechanism is applied to the auto flush handle system. The mechanism is applied to realize the straight motion so exterior quality can be improved to
Han, Jungho, Kwak, Kyoungtaek, Nam, Jinwoo, Jung, Oktae, Chung, Jinsang
Sensor Heat Relief20AVEP03_073/1/2020
Canatu's carbon nanobots keep critical sensor surfaces -and LED headlamps - clean in sub-freezing weather. Sensor surfaces that are exposed to weather need to be kept clean so that ADAS and autonomous driving systems can function safely. Ice build-up in cold conditions is of particular concern, but Canatu thinks it has a solution. The Finland-based technology company has developed a transparent, highly conductive heater element that does not require metallic wires to be placed in front of the sensor. These elements keep lidar sensors and cameras ice-free, thanks to carbon nanobot (CNB) heaters.
Berman, Bradley
SUPPLIER EYE20AUTP03_073/1/2020
A decade from now, how will our rear-view mirrors percieve the current period of industry disruption? These are strategically pivotal times. Incumbent OEMs, suppliers and the dozens of newcomers challenging them face the dynamics of a constantly changing and unpredictable ecosystem. Future success will be determined over a relatively short period, I believe. To achieve it, component suppliers must come to grips with the costly, complex reality that is vehicle electrification. OEMs must balance short-term profitability and long-term prosperity, leveraging their current breadwinners (trucks and utilities in most cases) to bankroll the numerous enterprise risks that are ahead.
Products of Tomorrow: February 2020TBMG-359682/1/2020
This column presents technologies that have applications in commercial areas, possibly creating the products of tomorrow. To learn more about each technology, see the contact information provided for that innovation.
Basic technical requirements for ballistic safety to guarantee the quality of civilian automotive armoring services in Brazil2019-36-03291/13/2020
Brazil is the largest civilian armored vehicle market in the world with more than 16,000 new protected units produced in 2018, followed by Mexico with 7,000 automobiles, according to Brazilian Army (BA) data. In this context, this paper presents an overview of Brazilian market for civilian vehicle armoring, definitions and characteristics of transparent and opaque ballistic resistance protective materials according to U. S. Department of Justice, the National Institute of Justice, NIJ Standard 0108.01. Based on this premises, the paper addresses basic technical requirements for ballistic safety in design and process to guarantee minimum quality of armoring services. The purpose of this paper is to safeguard the original features and functionality of the automotive components while simultaneously providing recommended ballistic protection of the vehicle with quality. The adoption of minimum automotive quality management system requirements from IATF 16949 International Automotive Task
Candido, Guido Muzio, Kaminski, Paulo Carlos
Researchers Turn off Backscattering, Aim to Improve Optical Data TransmissionTBMG-3547211/1/2019
Engineers at the University of Illinois have found a way to redirect misfit light waves to reduce energy loss during optical data transmission. In a study, researchers exploited an interaction between light and sound waves to suppress the scattering of light from material defects — which could lead to improved fiber optic communication.
Recovering Color Images from Scattered LightTBMG-3547811/1/2019
Engineers at Duke University have developed a method for extracting a color image from a single exposure of light scattered through a mostly opaque material. The technique has applications in a wide range of fields from healthcare to astronomy.
A mirrorless future? NHTSA seeks input on camera vision systems19AUTP11_1311/1/2019
The U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in early October distributed a notice soliciting industry and public input on whether to allow “camera monitoring systems” to replace rear- and sideview exterior mirrors mandated since 1968 in U.S. auto safety standards. The agency said in a notice in the online Federal Register that it is seeking outside research and data about the potential safety impacts of replacing conventional fixed mirrors with camera-based vision systems. The action is one step in the process to inform a potential proposal to alter the mirror requirement for future production vehicles sold in the U.S. Mirrorless vehicles have long been advocated by automotive stylists and engineers seeking sleeker looks and improved safety. They also can help improve a vehicle's fuel efficiency because the camera setups - multiple exterior cameras feeding a flat-screen array inside the cabin - have lower aerodynamic resistance than traditional stalk-mounted fixed
Brooke, Lindsay
Windshield Defrosting Analysis: A Numerical and Experimental Approach2019-28-011510/11/2019
The outside visibility through the windshield and ORVM visibility through the side glasses are critical for safe driving. The frost deposition on the Windshield and side glasses in the cold climatic condition impairs the outside and ORVM visibility during driving and hence leads to an unsafe driving condition. In India, the regulation AIS-084 governs the defrosting standard. The defrosting performance evaluation by testing cannot be performed at concept stage when the vehicle prototype is not available. It also increases the cost of vehicle development due to increase in the number of prototype used for testing. This paper explains about the in-house developed CFD methodology to evaluate the windshield defrosting performance of the vehicle in the concept stage when no vehicle proto is available and cost of countermeasure for defrosting performance improvent is very less. This methodology is implemented for some of the existing models. The results of CFD simulations are compared to the
Kumar, Chandan, Makana, Mohan, Regin, Felix, Garg, Amit, Pedamallu, Durga Prasad
Design Optimization of Trunk Lid Torsion Bar Type Trunk Lid Pop Up Mechanism2019-28-011110/11/2019
Trunk lid (TL) can be opened using hydraulic or pneumatic balancers, coil springs, torsion bars or combination of the above. TL Opening Mechanism specific to Trunk Lid Torsion Bar (TLTB) is being discussed in the paper. After de-latching, TL should open smoothly and stop at such a height that it is visible from driver seat. The system consists of a four bar linkage mechanism, in which the fixed link is formed by BIW Bracket. Connecting link, TL Hinge Arm and Torsion bar arm form the other three links. Hinge has its one end attached to TL and the other end to BIW bracket. Torsion bar arm transfers torque to TL hinge through the connecting link. Major challenges in designing TLTB mechanism are part tolerances, C.G position and Weight variations in individual parts, Torsion bar Raw Material variation, uncertain friction in the system etc. If above challenges are not addressed properly, then issues like TL not popping up to desired level consistently and smoothly and hard closing may occur
Kasarla, Sharath Chandra, Singh, Amit
Development and Influence of Setting Process Variables in Single Point Incremental Sheet Metal Forming of AA 8011 Using Complex Proportional Assessment and ANOVA2019-28-006410/11/2019
Single point Incremental forming (SPIF) is a metal forming process that has achieved impeccable quality since the early 1990s. ISF is a very limited twisting process in which an improved device that must be used after a particular direction travels on a metal sheet to form the desired shape. Process parameters such as axial feed (mm), feed (mm / min), tool diameter (mm) and depth (mm) at the interface between samples during SPIF greatly affect the quality of the cone. Maximum thinning (mm), cone height (mm), wall angle (mm), formation time (minutes), etc. The purpose of this study was to study these parameters by improving the cone mass formed by VMC. For a detailed study of these parameters, experiments were performed using the orthogonal array L9. Output parameters such as mechanical quality effects were analysed using COPRAS (Complex Proportional Assessment of alternatives) and ANOVA.
Sivam Sundarlingam Paramasivam, Sundar Singh, Kumaran, Durai, Loganathan, Ganesh Babu, Saravanan, Krishnaswamy, Rajendran, Raj, Sriram, Harish
Laser-Pointing System Transmits Data from Tiny SatellitesTBMG-351549/1/2019
Since 1998, almost 2,000 shoebox-sized satellites known as CubeSats have been launched into space. Due to their small frame and the fact that they can be made from off-the-shelf parts, CubeSats are significantly more affordable to build and launch than traditional satellites that cost hundreds of millions of dollars.
Personnel Protection - Skid Steer LoadersJ1388_201907 (Current)7/3/2019
This SAE Standard is intended to provide personnel protection guidelines for skid steer loaders. This document is intended as a guide towards standard practice, but may be subject to frequent change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This should be kept in mind when considering its use. This document provides performance criteria for newly manufactured loaders and it is not intended for in-service machines.
OPTC1, Personnel Protection (General)
Design of an Energy-Efficient Critical Angle Lens ReflectorTBMG-347687/1/2019
The critical angle lens reflector has commercial applications that supersede ordinary mirrored reflectors. The physics of the critical angle lens reflector are based on the optics principle of total internal reflection. Total internal reflection is characterized as follows: (1) as shown in Figure 2, the light rays are reflected off of the reflecting surface whereby the angle of reflection – with respect to the perpendicular to the reflecting surface – is equal to the angle of incidence of the ray, and (2) the reflection of the light ray takes place with no loss of energy upon reflection.
Revolutionary Camera Allows Scientists to Predict Evolution of Ancient StarsTBMG-347757/1/2019
Scientists at the University of Sheffield have been working with HiPERCAM, a high-speed, multicolor camera, which is capable of taking more than 1,000 images per second, allowing experts to measure both the mass and the radius of a cool subdwarf star for the first time.
Rearview cameras COME INTO SIGHT19TOFHP06_066/1/2019
Momentum is building behind replacing mirrors with camera monitor systems as the technology edges closer to regulatory approval. To borrow from a well-known automotive phrase, “Objects in mirror” aren't really closer than they appear-because the mirror itself appears poised to become another relic of the analog age. Long-debated since the technology quickly became more sophisticated and less costly, camera systems to replace external rearview mirrors for trucks and other on- and off-road commercial vehicles are likely just around the corner. With surprisingly little fanfare last December, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Admin. (FMCSA) granted a 5-year exemption for on-road commercial vehicles to install Stoneridge Inc.'s MirrorEye Camera Monitor System (CMS) in place of conventional mirrors. It's been off to the races since, as Stoneridge and other rearview-camera developers sense that unconditional change to FMCSA's current commercial-vehicle mirror regulation is next.
Visnic, Bill
Breakthrough Lab-on-a-Chip Detects Cancer Faster, Cheaper, Less InvasivelyTBMG-344335/1/2019
A new ultrasensitive diagnostic device invented by researchers at the University of Kansas, The University of Kansas Cancer Center, and KU Medical Center could allow doctors to detect cancer quickly from a droplet of blood or plasma, leading to timelier interventions and better outcomes for patients.
Metamaterial Mirror Reflects Sound Waves in Any DirectionTBMG-343865/1/2019
Researchers have constructed a “metamirror” device capable of perfectly reflecting sound waves in any direction. The proof-of-principle demonstration is analogous to looking directly into a mirror and only seeing the person next to you instead of your own face. With a regular mirror, the light follows the Law of Reflection — it must bounce off of it at the same angle at which it entered. The same rules generally apply to sound. To break the law of reflection with sound waves, the researchers engineered a device that could precisely control amplitude (loudness) and speed throughout the entire wave.
Coating Prevents Fogging on Transparent SurfacesTBMG-344095/1/2019
Anyone who skis, wears glasses, uses a camera, or drives a car is familiar with the problem: Coming into a humid environment from the cold causes eyewear, camera lenses, or windshields to quickly fog up. Researchers have developed a new transparent material coating that greatly reduces this effect. A few nanometers thick, the durable coating is made of gold nanoparticles embedded in non-conductive titanium oxide.
WHAT WE'RE DRIVING19AUTP05_105/1/2019
America needs more midsized pickups. The case for the new Ford Ranger is made by increasingly strong sales of GM's models and the perennial fan base of the Toyota Tacoma and Nissan Frontier. And now Jeep's back in the game. A growing number of U.S. pickup fans want something more parkable and fuel-efficient than the fullsizers. I used to rant about this to Derek Kuzak, Ford's former head of product development, whenever our paths crossed. “Don't kill Ranger, not everybody wants an F-150,” I'd plead. He'd patiently agree, while noting that “small” pickups cost OEMs nearly as much to produce as the big ones, with lower margins.
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