Browse Topic: Mirrors

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Improving the Sound Transmission Loss of Wire Harness Pass Throughs2025-01-011805/05/2023
Abstract Improving the Sound Transmission Loss of Wire Harness Pass Throughs For years the NVH community has known that openings in the dash sheet metal, such as holes to pass wire harnesses through, create an acoustical weak point that limits the potential noise reduction of the dash insulation system. These pass throughs can also be a source of water leaks into the vehicle’s interior. With the combustible engine and now electric inverter power plants, the need to seal this area is vital. By molding a lightweight barrier that draws through the fiber/absorber interior decoupler and dash sheet metal which mates to a secondary seal molded into an outer engine dash decoupler, the two opposing molded barriers meet in the engine compartment and compress together forming a seal around the wire harness. This male/female molded seal replaces the conventional snap in grommet and eliminates noise/water leaks. The system Sound Transmission Loss (STL) is equivalent to similarly insulated sheet
Check, James, Moritz, Charles
Correlated beamforming based on deconvolution methods for identified vehicle exterior wind noise sources and interior noise2025-01-002505/05/2023
Sound source identification based on beamforming is widely used today as a spatial sound field visualization technology in wind tunnel experiments for vehicle development. However, the conventional beamforming technique has its inherent limitations. To improve the performance, three deconvolution methods CLEAN, CLEAN-SC and DAMAS were investigated. These algorithms were applied for the wind noise sources identification on a production car. After analysis of vehicle exterior wind noise sources distribution, to study the energetic contribution of identified exterior noise sources to interior noise, correlation analysis between them were conducted. The results show that, the algorithm CLEAN-SC based on spatial source coherence shows the outstanding capability to remove the sidelobes for the uncorrelated wind noise sources, while CLEAN and DAMAS which based on point spread function have definite limitations. In the application aspect, the main noise source outside vehicle is from the
He, Yinzhi, Shen, Henghao, Wu, Yu, Zhang, Lijun, Yang, Zhigang
Panoptic Based Camera and Lidar Fusion for Distance Estimation in Autonomous Driving Vehicles2022-28-030710/05/2022
Position estimation of the surrounding objects seen by the sensors mounted on an autonomous vehicle is a key module and it is typically carried out with the camera-lidar fusion owing to the high accuracy in depth estimation from lidar point cloud. In typical automotive LIDAR with 64 scanner points or less, at distances above 100m, the object detection with LIDAR is not dependable as the number of LIDAR clusters will be sparse, while the high-resolution camera can offer better detection even at the distances above 100m. Calculation of the position can be best achieved if there is a reliable means to get the corresponding LIDAR points for the detection in camera. To address this, we are proposing a novel a grid-based approach, in which a grid is created in the point cloud by calculating object’s position derived from camera detections. The correspondence between Camera pixels and LIDAR point cloud tends to suffer when the object of interest is occluded (eg.by other vehicles, guard rails
Jose, Edwin, P, Aparna M, Patil, Mrinalini, Thayyil Ravi, Arunkrishna, Rajan, Manoj
Measuring the Radius of Curvature of Convex MirrorsJ1246_202110 (Current)10/15/2021
The SAE Recommended Practice is intended for use in measuring the radius of curvature (ROC) of spherical convex mirrors.
Driver Vision Standards Committee
Hurdles and Solutions towards improving the Charging Experience2021-26-014409/22/2021
Charging is a key challenge for electromobility that needs interconnected and seamlessly integrated solutions and technologies. The focus of this paper is on charging robustness, interoperability, fast charging and efficiency inside as well as outside of the vehicle. A comprehensive overview of the complexity of charging features and hurdles will be given including issues which are typically faced in developing, integrating and testing. Elaborated methods and solutions to overcome these hurdles will be presented along the development roadmap. AVL’s success story as forerunner in the 800V technology for passenger cars goes back to 2012. It represents one of the fundamental requirements for ultrafast charging and mirrors AVL’s pioneering spirit to contribute to the vision of a clean, affordable, connected and intelligent mobility.
Langer, Benjamin
Motor Vehicle Glazing - Electrical CircuitsJ216_202109 (Current)09/01/2021
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes limits for electrical circuits on motor vehicle safety glazing materials.
Glazing Materials Standards Committee
Microsimulation-Based Evaluation of an Eco-Approach Strategy for Automated Vehicles Using Vehicle-in-the-Loop2021-01-011204/06/2021
Connected and automated technologies poised to change the way vehicles operate are starting to enter the mainstream market. Methods to accurately evaluate these technologies, in particular for their impact on safety and energy, are complex due to the influence of static and environmental factors, such as road environment and traffic scenarios. Therefore, it is important to develop modeling and testing frameworks that can support the development of complex vehicle functionalities in a realistic environment. Microscopic traffic simulations have been increasingly used to assess the performance of connected and automated vehicle technologies in traffic networks. In this paper, we propose and apply an evaluation method based on a combination of microscopic traffic simulation (AIMSUN) and a chassis dynamometer-based vehicle-in-the-loop environment, developed at Argonne National Laboratory. This method is applied to analyze the impact of surrounding traffic on an eco-driving vehicle
Di Russo, Miriam, Iliev, Simeon, Stutenberg, Kevin, Crain, Trevor
Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (CEAS) for Ozone DetectionTBMG-3835601/01/2021
Engineers at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center tasked with measuring atmospheric ozone — an important pollutant and greenhouse gas — discovered that existing optical instrumentation would not be sufficient to achieve their performance requirements. Specifically, the current systems did not possess the precision necessary to make low-concentration measurements at fast time resolution.
LIGHT, DESK, AIRCRAFTAS7768/1B (Current)11/09/2020
A-20C Interior Lighting
Electronically Controlled 2D Reflector Improves Microwave CommunicationsTBMG-3764509/01/2020
Researchers are reinventing the mirror, at least for microwaves, potentially replacing the familiar 3D dishes and microwave horns seen on rooftops and cell towers with flat panels that are compact, versatile, and better adapted for modern communication technologies. The new reflectors offer lightweight, low-profile alternatives to conventional antennas. The panels could be easily incorporated onto surfaces of buildings or terrestrial vehicles.
Bio-Inspired PropulsionTBMG-3721907/01/2020
From the vibrations of the rear-view mirror just as a car reaches 70 miles per hour to a building that collapses when, in an earthquake, it begins to vibrate at a specific frequency, there is untapped energy that could be harnessed for propulsion. Researchers found relationships between frequencies and the passive dynamics at play when vehicles move in air or water that help them understand how to use these forces to enhance performance.
Editorial20AVEP07_0107/01/2020
For me, the June 19 announcement from Mercedes-Benz and the BMW Group that the two German powerhouses are placing their automated-driving joint-development program “on hold” pretty much closed the book on the irrational exuberance era of autonomous-vehicle hype. The projected economic ramifications of COVID-19 are only capping off a wave of reality that was sweeping through the AV development world. Anybody with sense always knew the runway was suspiciously short for wide swaths of AV investment and development. The inevitable cash desert coming in COVID's wake simply made the industry's famously venture capital-driven optimism undeniable.
Visnic, Bill
Numerical Investigation of Tonal Noise at Automotive Side Mirrors Due to Aeroacoustic Feedback2020-01-151406/03/2020
In addition to the typical broadband noise character of wind noise, tonal noise phenomena can be much more disruptive, regardless of the overall interior noise quality of the vehicle. Whistling sounds usually occur by flow over sharp edges and resonant gaps, but can also be caused by the feedback of sound waves with laminar boundary layers or separation bubbles and the resulting frequency-selective growth of boundary layer instabilities. Such aeroacoustic feedback can e.g. occur at the side mirror of a vehicle and one compellingly needs the coupling of acoustic and flow field. A compressible large eddy simulation (LES) is in principle suitable but one has to take care of any numerical artifacts which can disturb the entire acoustic field. This paper describes the possibility to resolve aeroacoustic feedback with a commercial 2nd/3rd order finite volume CFD code. A zonal RANS/LES approach is used to ensure a realistic flow around the exterior side mirror mounted at a Mercedes-Benz C
Schell, Alexander, Eiselt, Mark
Process for Producing High-Quality, Lightweight MirrorsTBMG-3701806/01/2020
Virtually all conventional lightweight mirrors are made by optically grinding and polishing an already lightweighted blank. Mirrors made this way always risk print-through to the optical surface. In some cases, this can be removed by a zero-pressure process, such as ion-beam polishing, although these processes tend to be slow and costly. Lightweighting after optical polishing is not an option for conventional materials as their inhomogeneous qualities and internal stresses cause the lightweighting to distort the optical surface.
Virtual Verification of Light Reflection for Cluster and Side Mirror in Real Time Scenario2020-01-056804/14/2020
In the very automobile world trends are changing at a very fast pace, due to continuous expectation changes by user and new regulatory requirements demand from government authorities with a very stringent timeline. In the current scenario, manufacturer has to wait for mock up for concept selection and physical proto build to conclude open points of design verification. This complete process takes more than a year to enhance the design maturity for further builds. In VECV we have created Cluster design standard to meet different level of cluster illumination & reflection at virtual level. We are defining the cluster light illumination based on our rigorous study on cluster reflection impact on side glass, windscreen and mirror. Accordingly we have packaged our mirror to minimize the impact of cluster reflection on mirror visibility. With the help of virtual verification of cluster and Side mirror inter co-relation of packaging, we significantly reduced the time loss and save huge cost
Bhatnagar, Manas, Biswal, Jyotiranjan, Sharma, Saurabh
N&V Component Structural Integration and Mounted Component Durability Implications2020-01-139604/14/2020
Exterior component integration presents competing performance challenges for balanced exterior styling, safety, ‘structural feel’ [1] and durability. Industry standard practices utilize noise and vibration mode maps and source-path-receiver [2] considerations for component mode frequency placement. This modal frequency placement has an influence on ‘structural feel’ and durability performance. Challenges have increased with additional styling content, geometric overhang from attachment points, component size and mass, and sensor modules. Base excitation at component attachment interfaces are increase due to relative positioning of the suspension and propulsion vehicle source inputs. These components might include headlamps, side mirrors, end gates, bumpers and fascia assemblies. Here, we establish basic expectations for the behavior of these systems, and ultimately consolidate existing rationales that are applied to these systems. We consider a simple two degree-of-freedom system
Stebbins, Mark, Schudt, Joseph
Decision Making and Trajectory Planning of Intelligent Vehicle’ s Lane-Changing Behavior on Highways under Multi-Objective Constrains2020-01-012404/14/2020
Discretionary lane changing is commonly seen in highway driving. Intelligent vehicles are expected to change lanes discretionarily for better driving experience and higher traffic efficiency. This study proposed to optimize the decision-making and trajectory-planning process so that intelligent vehicles made lane changes not only with driving safety taken into account, but also with the goal to improve driving comfort as well as to meet the driver’ s expectation. The mechanism of how various factors contribute to the driver’s intention to change lanes was studied by carrying out a series of driving simulation experiments, and a Lane-Changing Intention Generation (LCIG) model based on Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) was proposed. The inputs of the Bi-LSTM were data fragments of several influencing factors including the relative velocity and the distance between the relative vehicles, the type of the preceding vehicles, and the average velocity of the adjacent traffic
Nie, Linzhen, Yin, Zhishuai, Huang, Haoran
Investigation on Safety Improvements by Lighting for Pedestrians and Cyclists2020-01-063304/14/2020
The paper will describe actual investigations on safety improvements by new lighting functions. Especially the new chance of projections on the road surface either by simple reflector technology or by modern signature and pattern projection will be investigated. Several different prototype technology will be checked by a set of new parameters, e.g. reaction time to signals, clear understanding, minimum and optimum visual contrasts etc.
Hamm, Michael, Hinterwaelder, Christian
A Research on Kinematic Optimization of Auto Flush Door Handle System2020-01-062304/14/2020
A fascinating exterior appearance is one of the most important values for customers so the realization of the innovative styling has been a major topic for car makers for several years. Also, since the base of autonomous driving and electric vehicle is being expanded recently, it is essential to not only create high-tech image on a vehicle but also realize the engineering design in reality. From that point of view, the auto flush handle can be unique sales point to enhance the degree of the completion of the exterior styling. The purpose of this study is to establish the kinematic system of auto flush door handle to overcome the exterior handicaps such as not only the excessive exposure of the internal area on the deployed position but also to determine the proper operating speed. In order to resolve these issues, the Scott-Russell mechanism is applied to the auto flush handle system. The mechanism is applied to realize the straight motion so exterior quality can be improved to
Han, Jungho, Kwak, Kyoungtaek, Nam, Jinwoo, Jung, Oktae, Chung, Jinsang
SUPPLIER EYE20AUTP03_0703/01/2020
A decade from now, how will our rear-view mirrors percieve the current period of industry disruption? These are strategically pivotal times. Incumbent OEMs, suppliers and the dozens of newcomers challenging them face the dynamics of a constantly changing and unpredictable ecosystem. Future success will be determined over a relatively short period, I believe. To achieve it, component suppliers must come to grips with the costly, complex reality that is vehicle electrification. OEMs must balance short-term profitability and long-term prosperity, leveraging their current breadwinners (trucks and utilities in most cases) to bankroll the numerous enterprise risks that are ahead.
Basic technical requirements for ballistic safety to guarantee the quality of civilian automotive armoring services in Brazil2019-36-032901/13/2020
Brazil is the largest civilian armored vehicle market in the world with more than 16,000 new protected units produced in 2018, followed by Mexico with 7,000 automobiles, according to Brazilian Army (BA) data. In this context, this paper presents an overview of Brazilian market for civilian vehicle armoring, definitions and characteristics of transparent and opaque ballistic resistance protective materials according to U. S. Department of Justice, the National Institute of Justice, NIJ Standard 0108.01. Based on this premises, the paper addresses basic technical requirements for ballistic safety in design and process to guarantee minimum quality of armoring services. The purpose of this paper is to safeguard the original features and functionality of the automotive components while simultaneously providing recommended ballistic protection of the vehicle with quality. The adoption of minimum automotive quality management system requirements from IATF 16949 International Automotive Task
Candido, Guido Muzio, Kaminski, Paulo Carlos
Recovering Color Images from Scattered LightTBMG-3547811/01/2019
Engineers at Duke University have developed a method for extracting a color image from a single exposure of light scattered through a mostly opaque material. The technique has applications in a wide range of fields from healthcare to astronomy.
A mirrorless future? NHTSA seeks input on camera vision systems19AUTP11_1311/01/2019
The U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in early October distributed a notice soliciting industry and public input on whether to allow “camera monitoring systems” to replace rear- and sideview exterior mirrors mandated since 1968 in U.S. auto safety standards. The agency said in a notice in the online Federal Register that it is seeking outside research and data about the potential safety impacts of replacing conventional fixed mirrors with camera-based vision systems. The action is one step in the process to inform a potential proposal to alter the mirror requirement for future production vehicles sold in the U.S. Mirrorless vehicles have long been advocated by automotive stylists and engineers seeking sleeker looks and improved safety. They also can help improve a vehicle's fuel efficiency because the camera setups - multiple exterior cameras feeding a flat-screen array inside the cabin - have lower aerodynamic resistance than traditional stalk-mounted fixed
Brooke, Lindsay
Windshield Defrosting Analysis: A Numerical and Experimental Approach2019-28-011510/11/2019
The outside visibility through the windshield and ORVM visibility through the side glasses are critical for safe driving. The frost deposition on the Windshield and side glasses in the cold climatic condition impairs the outside and ORVM visibility during driving and hence leads to an unsafe driving condition. In India, the regulation AIS-084 governs the defrosting standard. The defrosting performance evaluation by testing cannot be performed at concept stage when the vehicle prototype is not available. It also increases the cost of vehicle development due to increase in the number of prototype used for testing. This paper explains about the in-house developed CFD methodology to evaluate the windshield defrosting performance of the vehicle in the concept stage when no vehicle proto is available and cost of countermeasure for defrosting performance improvent is very less. This methodology is implemented for some of the existing models. The results of CFD simulations are compared to the
Kumar, Chandan, Makana, Mohan, Regin, Felix, Garg, Amit, Pedamallu, Durga Prasad
Development and Influence of Setting Process Variables in Single Point Incremental Sheet Metal Forming of AA 8011 Using Complex Proportional Assessment and ANOVA2019-28-006410/11/2019
Single point Incremental forming (SPIF) is a metal forming process that has achieved impeccable quality since the early 1990s. ISF is a very limited twisting process in which an improved device that must be used after a particular direction travels on a metal sheet to form the desired shape. Process parameters such as axial feed (mm), feed (mm / min), tool diameter (mm) and depth (mm) at the interface between samples during SPIF greatly affect the quality of the cone. Maximum thinning (mm), cone height (mm), wall angle (mm), formation time (minutes), etc. The purpose of this study was to study these parameters by improving the cone mass formed by VMC. For a detailed study of these parameters, experiments were performed using the orthogonal array L9. Output parameters such as mechanical quality effects were analysed using COPRAS (Complex Proportional Assessment of alternatives) and ANOVA.
Sivam Sundarlingam Paramasivam, Sundar Singh, Kumaran, Durai, Loganathan, Ganesh Babu, Saravanan, Krishnaswamy, Rajendran, Raj, Sriram, Harish
Design Optimization of Trunk Lid Torsion Bar Type Trunk Lid Pop Up Mechanism2019-28-011110/11/2019
Trunk lid (TL) can be opened using hydraulic or pneumatic balancers, coil springs, torsion bars or combination of the above. TL Opening Mechanism specific to Trunk Lid Torsion Bar (TLTB) is being discussed in the paper. After de-latching, TL should open smoothly and stop at such a height that it is visible from driver seat. The system consists of a four bar linkage mechanism, in which the fixed link is formed by BIW Bracket. Connecting link, TL Hinge Arm and Torsion bar arm form the other three links. Hinge has its one end attached to TL and the other end to BIW bracket. Torsion bar arm transfers torque to TL hinge through the connecting link. Major challenges in designing TLTB mechanism are part tolerances, C.G position and Weight variations in individual parts, Torsion bar Raw Material variation, uncertain friction in the system etc. If above challenges are not addressed properly, then issues like TL not popping up to desired level consistently and smoothly and hard closing may occur
Kasarla, Sharath Chandra, Singh, Amit
Personnel Protection - Skid Steer LoadersJ1388_201907 (Current)07/03/2019
This SAE Standard is intended to provide personnel protection guidelines for skid steer loaders. This document is intended as a guide towards standard practice, but may be subject to frequent change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This should be kept in mind when considering its use. This document provides performance criteria for newly manufactured loaders and it is not intended for in-service machines.
OPTC1, Personnel Protection (General)
Design of an Energy-Efficient Critical Angle Lens ReflectorTBMG-3476807/01/2019
The critical angle lens reflector has commercial applications that supersede ordinary mirrored reflectors. The physics of the critical angle lens reflector are based on the optics principle of total internal reflection. Total internal reflection is characterized as follows: (1) as shown in Figure 2, the light rays are reflected off of the reflecting surface whereby the angle of reflection – with respect to the perpendicular to the reflecting surface – is equal to the angle of incidence of the ray, and (2) the reflection of the light ray takes place with no loss of energy upon reflection.
Revolutionary Camera Allows Scientists to Predict Evolution of Ancient StarsTBMG-3477507/01/2019
Scientists at the University of Sheffield have been working with HiPERCAM, a high-speed, multicolor camera, which is capable of taking more than 1,000 images per second, allowing experts to measure both the mass and the radius of a cool subdwarf star for the first time.
Rearview cameras COME INTO SIGHT19TOFHP06_0606/01/2019
Momentum is building behind replacing mirrors with camera monitor systems as the technology edges closer to regulatory approval. To borrow from a well-known automotive phrase, “Objects in mirror” aren't really closer than they appear-because the mirror itself appears poised to become another relic of the analog age. Long-debated since the technology quickly became more sophisticated and less costly, camera systems to replace external rearview mirrors for trucks and other on- and off-road commercial vehicles are likely just around the corner. With surprisingly little fanfare last December, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Admin. (FMCSA) granted a 5-year exemption for on-road commercial vehicles to install Stoneridge Inc.'s MirrorEye Camera Monitor System (CMS) in place of conventional mirrors. It's been off to the races since, as Stoneridge and other rearview-camera developers sense that unconditional change to FMCSA's current commercial-vehicle mirror regulation is next.
Visnic, Bill
Metamaterial Mirror Reflects Sound Waves in Any DirectionTBMG-3438605/01/2019
Researchers have constructed a “metamirror” device capable of perfectly reflecting sound waves in any direction. The proof-of-principle demonstration is analogous to looking directly into a mirror and only seeing the person next to you instead of your own face. With a regular mirror, the light follows the Law of Reflection — it must bounce off of it at the same angle at which it entered. The same rules generally apply to sound. To break the law of reflection with sound waves, the researchers engineered a device that could precisely control amplitude (loudness) and speed throughout the entire wave.
Coating Prevents Fogging on Transparent SurfacesTBMG-3440905/01/2019
Anyone who skis, wears glasses, uses a camera, or drives a car is familiar with the problem: Coming into a humid environment from the cold causes eyewear, camera lenses, or windshields to quickly fog up. Researchers have developed a new transparent material coating that greatly reduces this effect. A few nanometers thick, the durable coating is made of gold nanoparticles embedded in non-conductive titanium oxide.
WHAT WE'RE DRIVING19AUTP05_1005/01/2019
America needs more midsized pickups. The case for the new Ford Ranger is made by increasingly strong sales of GM's models and the perennial fan base of the Toyota Tacoma and Nissan Frontier. And now Jeep's back in the game. A growing number of U.S. pickup fans want something more parkable and fuel-efficient than the fullsizers. I used to rant about this to Derek Kuzak, Ford's former head of product development, whenever our paths crossed. “Don't kill Ranger, not everybody wants an F-150,” I'd plead. He'd patiently agree, while noting that “small” pickups cost OEMs nearly as much to produce as the big ones, with lower margins.
Investigation of Drag Reduction Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles Using Surface, Wake and Underbody Pressure Measurements to Complement Aerodynamic Drag Measurements2019-01-064404/02/2019
A multi-year, multi-vehicle study was conducted to quantify the aerodynamic drag changes associated with drag reduction technologies for light-duty vehicles. Various technologies were evaluated through full-scale testing in a large low-blockage closed-circuit wind tunnel equipped with a rolling road, wheel rollers, boundary-layer suction and a system to generate road-representative turbulent winds. The technologies investigated include active grille shutters, production and custom underbody treatments, air dams, wheel curtains, ride height control, side mirror removal and combinations of these. This paper focuses on mean surface-, wake-, and underbody-pressure measurements and their relation to aerodynamic drag. Surface pressures were measured at strategic locations on four sedans and two crossover SUVs. Wake total pressures were mapped using a rake of Pitot probes in two cross-flow planes at up to 0.4 vehicle lengths downstream of the same six vehicles in addition to a minivan and a
de Souza, Fenella, Raeesi, Arash, Belzile, Marc, Caffrey, Cheryl, Schmitt, Andreas
Study of Replacing the Traditional Electromechanical Relay with the Full Semiconductor Solution of Bussed Electrical Center2019-01-048404/02/2019
To face the challenges of CO2 emission and automated driving, the electrical distribution system (EDS), as the basis of all electronic loads, needs to be continuously changed. Traditional bussed electrical center (BEC) has limited functions such as simple switch and fuse protection, while the full semiconductor solution of smart BEC can provide more accurate diagnosis, faster response, higher reliability with lower power loss and smaller space. This paper will introduce the practical function of the smart BEC: in normal operation of the car, the voltage and current of the loads can be detected by the smart BEC. Once in abnormal, immediate feedback will be transferred from smart BEC to the whole system and a related response will be triggered in time, while the cost of power harness can also be optimized. In parking mode, the quiescent current of the loads from KL30 can be detected by smart BEC, which could prevent against leakage. Automated driving is a hot topic, many people focus on
Tian, Xia, Shen, Ning, Wang, Xingwei
Introduction of the AeroSUV-A New Generic SUV Model for Aerodynamic Research2019-01-064604/02/2019
Since the introduction of the DrivAer model, an increasing amount of aerodynamic research and CAE method development activities are based on this detailed generic car body. Due to the Open Access nature of the model, it has not only been quickly adopted by academia but also by several automotive OEMs and CAE software developers. The DrivAer has delivered high quality experimental data to permit validation of existing aerodynamic CAE capabilities and to accelerate the development of new sophisticated numerical methods. Within the last decades, the registration number of SUV, especially in Europe, has increased significantly. Among other things, a large cross-sectional area, an increased ground clearance and larger wheels characterize this kind of vehicle. The DrivAer is not capable of depicting this vehicle category. Therefore, there is a demand for an expansion of this generic vehicle concept. A new Open Access vehicle, the so-called AeroSUV is proposed to further expand the usability
Zhang, Chenyi, Tanneberger, Max, Kuthada, Timo, Wittmeier, Felix, Wiedemann, Jochen, Nies, Juliane
Numerical Investigation of Wiper Drawback2019-01-064004/02/2019
Windscreen wipers are an integral component of the windscreen cleaning systems of most vehicles, trains, cars, trucks, boats and some planes. Wipers are used to clear rain, snow, and dirt from the windscreen pushing the water from the wiped surface. Under certain conditions however, water which has been driven to the edge of the windscreen by the wiper can be drawn back into the driver’s field of view by aerodynamic forces introduced by the wiper motion. This is wiper drawback, an undesirable phenomenon as the water which is drawn back on to the windscreen can reduce driver’s vision and makes the wiper less effective. The phenomena of wiper drawback can be tested for in climatic tunnels using sprayer systems to wet the windscreen. However, these tests require a bespoke test property or prototype vehicle, which means that the tests are done fairly late in the development of the vehicle. Furthermore, these results do not provide significant insight into the mechanisms driving the wiper
Jilesen, Jonathan, Gaylard, Adrian, Linden, Tom
Aircraft Deicing Vehicle - Self-PropelledARP1971D (Current)02/13/2019
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) covers requirements for a self-propelled, boom-type aerial device, equipped with an aircraft deicing/anti-icing fluid spraying system. The unit shall be highly maneuverable for deicing all exterior surfaces of commercial aircraft, of sizes agreed upon between purchaser and manufacturer, in accordance with AS6285. The vehicle shall be suitable for day and night operations.
G-12E Equipment Committee
A Test Methodology for Vehicle Wind Noise Reduction and Acoustic Quality Improvement2019-26-021601/09/2019
Aeroacoustics of vehicles is becoming an important design criterion as it directly affects passenger’s comfort. The wind noise at highway speeds (>80 KMPH) is a critical quality concern under normal and crosswind conditions and dominant factor in assessing acoustic comfort of the vehicle. Wind noise is caused by the vortex air flow around a vehicle body and air leakage through the sealing gaps of attached parts. This majorly contributes to high frequency noise (>250 Hz). Accurate identification and control of noise sources and leakage paths result in improved acoustic comfort of the vehicle. In this paper, aero-acoustic quality characteristics of validation prototype vehicle are studied. The major wind noise sources and leakage paths in the vehicle are identified through in-house blower set up in the semi anechoic room. The overall wind noise level and articulation index of vehicle at various speeds are determined through on- road measurements. The improvement in the vehicle
Mukkera, Swamy, Raamya Premkumar, Senthilkumar, Samar, Deshpande, R, Prasath
Virtual Simulation of Door Slam Test, Study of Relative Sensitive Parameters and Correlation with Physical Test2019-26-027501/09/2019
Door slam test is one of the important durability tests in door design and development. Door requires to meet certain performance requirements like it should close properly (no metal to metal contact), there should not be any leakage, and closing operation should be smooth & with minimal effort and it should survive the life of the vehicle. Virtual simulation of door slam test, correlation with physical test results and effect of various parameters like seals stiffness are demonstrated in this study. Slam Analysis was carried out in LS-Dyna solver before physical test. This not only helped in avoiding initial structural design flaws, but also helped us in deciding door latch position, effect of mass distribution in the door and study of force distribution between primary seal, secondary seal and door latch. Primary and secondary seals played a critical role in the analysis. An intended length of both the seals was tested first to get its stiffness curve. Then it was modeled in the way
Shrivastava, Rishi, Dhole, Avinash, Raval, Chetan
3D Printer Creates Complex Biological TissuesTBMG-3359701/01/2019
A technique was developed that uses a specially adapted 3D printer to build therapeutic biomaterials from multiple materials. The advance could be a step toward on-demand printing of complex artificial tissues for use in transplants and other surgeries.
Instructions of non-structural styled roll bar development for pick-up trucks2018-36-001309/03/2018
Ornamentation Roll bar, or Sportbar, is a traditional pick-up's component very popular in several countries. Known in most markets as a roll bar, the name Sportbar came up from a potential legal issue. Roll bars in general may sound like a structural roll protective element, however in most cases, it is just an ornamentation component used to enhance the aesthetics of the pick-up truck. Even though the main objective of some available sportbars is not to be a structural element, it is commonly used as a cargo attachment device besides ornamentation function. This condition implies the Sportbar be able to withstand dynamic loads itself during cargo transportation, which in turn, summed with the high extra efforts added by the Sportbar mass, directly transmits it to the attachment points of the part on the truck bed. Different truck bed designs, imposes different structural issues regarding the attachment characteristics. Most times sold as an accessory, this issue is sometimes
Martins, Marcel Wilson G.
Simplifications Applied to Simulation of Turbulence Induced by a Side View Mirror of a Full-Scale Truck Using DES2018-01-070804/03/2018
In this paper, the turbulent flow induced by a production side-view mirror assembled on a full-scale production truck is simulated using a compressible k-ω SST detached eddy simulation (DES) approach -- the improved delayed DES (IDDES). The truck configuration consists of a compartment and a trailer. Due to the large size and geometric complexity of the configuration, some simplifications are applied to the simulation. A purpose of this work is to investigate whether the simplifications are suitable to obtain the reasonable properties of the flow near the side-view mirror. Another objective is to study the aerodynamic performances of the mirror. The configuration is simplified regarding two treatments. The first treatment is to retain the key exterior components of the truck body while removing the small gaps and structures. Furthermore, the trailer is shaped in an apex-truncated square pyramid. This simplification is proposed based on the assumption that the downstream flow near the
Yao, Huadong, Chroneer, Zenitha, Davidson, Lars
Unsteady Flow Control and Wind Noise Reduction of Side-View Mirror2018-01-074404/03/2018
It aims to study the unsteady flow characteristic of the side-view mirror wake field, and reduce the wind noise by means of unsteady flow control. In this paper, the PIV test in a wind tunnel is used to capture the unsteady flow in the wake field of the side-view mirror, which is used to verify the accuracy of the steady simulation method with RANS after being averaged. Then LES turbulence model is used to obtain the wind noise, and the unsteady flow characteristic like vortex shedding of the side-view mirror is studied. The results show that, in the wake of the side-view mirror, there is a vortex pair similar to Karman Vortex Street. In both horizontal and vertical sections, these two vortexes are respectively separated from the upper and lower edges of the side-view mirror. Accompanied by a significantly uncertain periodic shedding, they continue to extend back until dissipating. The pressure fluctuation on the surface caused by this process is the root cause of the wind noise
Wang, Qiliang, Chen, Xin, Zhang, Yingchao, Meng, Weijiang
On the Aerodynamics of an Enclosed-Wheel Racing Car: An Assessment and Proposal of Add-On Devices for a Fourth, High-Performance Configuration of the DrivAer Model2018-01-072504/03/2018
A modern benchmark for passenger cars - DrivAer model - has provided significant contributions to aerodynamics-related topics in automotive engineering, where three categories of passenger cars have been successfully represented. However, a reference model for high-performance car configurations has not been considered appropriately yet. Technical knowledge in motorsport is also restricted due to competitiveness in performance, reputation and commercial gains. The consequence is a shortage of open-access material to be used as technical references for either motorsport community or academic research purposes. In this paper, a parametric assessment of race car aerodynamic devices are presented into four groups of studies. These are: (i) forebody strakes (dive planes), (ii) front bumper splitter, (iii) rear-end spoiler, and (iv) underbody diffuser. The simplified design of these add-ons focuses on the main parameters (such as length, position, or incidence), leading to easier
Soares, Renan Francisco, Knowles, Andrew, Goñalons Olives, Sergio, Garry, Kevin, Holt, Jennifer
Investigation of Interior Noise from Generic Side- View Mirror Using Incompressible and Compressible Solvers of DES and LES2018-01-073504/03/2018
Exterior turbulent flow is an important source of automobile cabin interior noise. The turbulent flow impacts the windows of the cabins to excite the structural vibration that emits the interior noise. Meanwhile, the exterior noise generated from the turbulent flow can also cause the window vibration and generate the interior noise. Side-view mirrors mounted upstream of the windows are one of the predominant body parts inducing the turbulent flow. In this paper, we investigate the interior noise caused by a generic side-view mirror. The interior noise propagates in a cuboid cavity with a rectangular glass window. The exterior flow and the exterior noise are computed using advanced CFD methods: compressible large eddy simulation, compressible detached eddy simulation (DES), incompressible DES, and incompressible DES coupled with an acoustic wave model. The last method is used to simulate the hydrodynamic and acoustic pressure separately. The pressure fluctuations of the flow and noise
Yao, Huadong, Davidson, Lars, Chroneer, Zenitha
Optimal Study on the TL of Automotive Door Sealing System Based on the Interior Speech Intelligibility2018-01-067204/03/2018
Wind noise becomes the foremost noise source when a car runs at high speeds. High frequency characteristics of wind noise source and effective performance of seal rubbers for insulating leakage noise make research on the Transmission Loss (TL) of automotive door sealing systems significant. The improvement of TL of automotive door sealing system could effectively decrease the interior noise due to wind noise for vehicles at high speeds. In this study, compression simulation of seal rubbers for an automotive door is performed through a Finite Element (FE) tool firstly. Compressed geometries of the seal rubbers are obtained. Then, based on the final compressed geometries and pre-stress modes of the automotive door seal rubbers, the TL of the whole door sealing system is acquired by hybrid Finite Element - Statistic Energy Analysis (FE-SEA) method. The fluctuating surface pressure on a car body was captured by a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool. The wind noise source is obtained by
Deng, Guoming, Zheng, Songlin, Wu, Xian, Shao, Jianwang, Zhao, Meng
Fourier Transform Spectrometer SystemTBMG-2833602/01/2018
NASA's Langley Research Center and Science Applications International Corporation have developed a method of processing data from Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS) measurements that improves upon existing methods. This method is simpler, more accurate, faster, and less expensive than previous methods. It uses less hardware and can be used with all wavelengths.
Wallops Arc-Second Pointer (WASP)TBMG-2802412/01/2017
The Wallops Arc Second Pointer (WASP) is a balloon-borne attitude control system capable of pointing a telescope or instrument with accuracy and stability down to the arc second, or 1/3600 of a degree of angular measurement. When a high-powered telescope is integrated with WASP, it provides a highly precise platform for conducting astronomical research. To date, the WASP system has been tested aboard five helium-filled scientific balloons at altitudes between 100,000 – 125,000 feet with flight durations up to 15 hours. During these pathfinder missions, the WASP controlled instrument structures with masses between 1,000 – 2,000 lbs.
Webb Telescope Actuators Move with Microscopic AccuracyTBMG-2794812/01/2017
The James Webb Space Telescope will be the most powerful space telescope ever built. With a 21-foot diameter, the telescope’s primary mirror is six times larger than the one used by the Hubble Space Telescope. In order for such a large mirror to travel into space, it has to be broken up into multiple segments; in this case, 18 of them. But for the 18 to act as one primary mirror, they have to be adjusted while in orbit.
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