Browse Topic: Fabrics and textiles

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Direct Deposition of Nickel Abrasion Guards on to Carbon Filled Composite Rotor Blade StructuresSM-2026-VLADA-51991/27/2026
Composite materials have become widely adopted in commercial aviation, as aerospace manufacturers look to use them to drive weight reduction and improved fuel efficiency in new aircraft designs. In the case of aircraft rotary blades, the poor wear properties of these materials have necessitated the development of metal leading edge guards that can provide critical protection against erosion and impact damage during flight. Electroforming has been a leading process for the manufacture of these protective guards, with nickel parts providing excellent wear resistance that significantly extends the service life of the rotary blade assembly. Currently there has not been a focus on utilizing direct electrodeposition of metal on to carbon filled epoxy composite structures, as traditional plating-on-plastics approaches require considerable effort in surface preparation and normally do not provide adequate adhesion to the underlying structure. Alpha Metalcraft Group has been working in cooperation with aerospace suppliers in the design of an electroplating ready composite structure that would allow for direct nickel deposition, provide excellent adhesion, and significantly reduce both the time and cost for the manufacture of ready-to-assembly rotary blade structures. Test panels were constructed of commercially available prepreg materials or by resin infusion of dry fabrics that incorporated different metal containing conductive layers to allow for the direct deposition through a nickel sulfamate electrodeposition process. Different surface modification strategies were investigated to expose the metal conducting layer and thereby provide the metal-to-metal bonding surfaces required for successful electrodeposition.
Cazzaniga, Luigi
Hose Assemblies, Installed, Visual Inspection Guide ForARP1658C (Current)11/26/2025
This SAE Aerospae Recommended Practice (ARP) covers visible surface defects on aerospace hose assemblies which have been installed and are functioning within a working environment at the time of visual inspection. This document is intended to help those who are conducting periodic visual inspections of hose assemblies used in aerospace systems and ground servicing equipment to determine time for replacement by condition of hose assemblies at time of inspection. This practice is intended to augment existing procedures for replacement of hose assemblies based on service time. A constant surveillance of all hose assemblies for visible wear, defects, and/or damage shall be routine at all times of maintenance. When wear, defects, or damage to installed hose assemblies is detected, the hose assemblies shall be tagged or replaced in accordace with Section 4 of this document.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Manufacturing of Thermoplastic Composite Parts with Press Forming TechnologyF-0080-2024-13625/7/2024
Thermoplastic composites are serious competitor for classic epoxy composites. They have comparable properties to epoxy composites, but characterize much lower processing costs. There are several methods of manufacturing the components from thermoplastic composites. One of the most interesting method in terms of efficiency is thermoforming on a press. This technology allows to product of the aircraft parts such as: ribs, brackets, covers, stiffeners. Thermoplastic composites are resistant to most solvents such as grease, oil and aviation fuel. They are also non-flammable and heat-resistant. This all makes them suitable for use in aircraft as upholstery, casing or elements around the tank. PZL Mielec has been developing press thermoforming technologies since 2016 and is the owner of the several patents in this area.
Głodzik, Marcin, Wojtuszewski, Radosław, Farbaniec, Konrad, Sienicki, Jarosław, Banaś, Aleksander, Gałaczyński, Tomasz
A Holistic Comparison of a Trailing Edge Rib Demonstrator Made with Three Different PEEK Thermoplastic Composite Form Factors: Unidirectional, Fabric and BraidF-0079-2023-181015/16/2023
Lopez, Alfonso, Kariyawasam, Supun, Postera, Richard, Carrol, Brennan, Spangler, Joe, Seneviratne, Waruna, Leach, David, Wood, Billy
Carbon Fiber Fabric and Epoxy Resin Wet Lay-Up Repair Material Part 5 - Carbon Fiber Fabrics, Plain Weave, 193 g/m2, and Epoxy ResinAMS2980/5A (Current)9/24/2021
This Material Specification defines the requirements of carbon fiber fabric and epoxy resin systems used for wet lay-up repair of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy structures, qualified according to AMS2980/1 and AMS2980/2. Unless otherwise specified by the drawing, the order or the inspection schedule, the present specification shall be used in conjunction with the referenced documents.
AMS CACRC Commercial Aircraft Composite Repair Committee
Test Method for Determining Cold Cracking of Flexible Plastic MaterialsJ323_202109 (Current)9/15/2021
This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable for determining the cold characteristics of flexible plastic materials, as applicable. It consists of three different methods for determining low-temperature properties of materials depending on type of material and end use. The method used shall be as specified by the contractual parties.
Textile and Flexible Plastics Committee
Carbon Fiber and Fiberglass Epoxy/Prepreg Products with 350 °F (177 °C) Cure for Aerospace Applications: Type 42, Class 4, Grade 48, Style 108AMS6891/4 (Current)3/10/2021
The intent of this specification is for the procurement of the material listed on the QPL and, therefore, no qualification or equivalency threshold values are provided. Users that intend to conduct a new material qualification or equivalency program must refer to the Quality Assurance section of this base specification, AMS6891.
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
Carbon Fiber and Fiberglass Epoxy/Prepreg Products with 350 °F (177 °C) Cure for Aerospace Applications: Type 34, Class 4, Grade 294, Style 7781AMS6891/3 (Current)3/10/2021
The intent of this specification is for the procurement of the material listed on the QPL and, therefore, no qualification or equivalency threshold values are provided. Users that intend to conduct a new material qualification or equivalency program must refer to the quality assurance section of this base specification, AMS6891.
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
Carbon Fiber and Fiberglass Epoxy Prepreg Products with 350 °F (177 °C) Cure for Aerospace ApplicationsAMS6891 (Current)12/30/2020
The intent of this specification is for the procurement of carbon fiber and fiberglass epoxy prepreg products with 350 °F (177 °C) cure for aerospace applications; therefore, no qualification or equivalency threshold values are provided. Users that intend to conduct a new material qualification or equivalency program must refer to the production quality assurance section (4.3) of this base specification, AMS6891.
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
Carbon Fiber and Fiberglass Epoxy/Prepreg Products with 350 °F (177 °C) Cure for Aerospace Applications: Type 40, Class 1, Grade 196, Style 6K-PWAMS6891/2 (Current)12/29/2020
The intent of this specification is for the procurement of the material listed on the QPL; therefore, no qualification or equivalency threshold values are provided. Users that intend to conduct a new material qualification or equivalency program must refer to the Quality Assurance section of this base specification, AMS6891.
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
Method of Testing Resistance to Scuffing of Trim MaterialsJ365_202009 (Current)9/18/2020
This test can be used to determine the resistance to scuffing of test specimens such as fiberboards, fabrics, vinyl-coated fabrics, leathers, and similar trim materials.
Textile and Flexible Plastics Committee
Smart Fabrics Monitor Body by Changing ColorTBMG-373488/1/2020
Researchers have developed biomaterial-based inks that respond to and quantify chemicals released from the body (e.g., in sweat and potentially other biofluids) or in the surrounding environment by changing color. The inks can be screen printed onto textiles such as clothes, shoes, or even face masks in complex patterns and at high resolution, providing a detailed map of human response or exposure.
Smart Textiles Powered by Soft Transmission LinesTBMG-373568/1/2020
EPFL researchers have developed electronic fibers that, when embedded in textiles, can collect a wealth of information about our bodies by measuring subtle and complex fabric deformations. Their technology relies on transmission line theory and offers a host of applications, such as in healthcare and robotics.
Effects of Helical Carbon Nanotubes on Mechanical Performance of Laminated Composites and Bonded Joints2020-01-00293/10/2020
Most composite assemblies and structures generally fail due to weak interlaminar properties and poor performance of their bonded joints that are assembled together with an adhesive layer. Adhesive failure and cohesive failure are among the most commonly observed failure modes in composite bonded joint assemblies. These failure modes occur due to the lack of reinforcement within the adhesive layer in transverse direction. In addition, the laminated composites fail due to the same reason that is the lack of reinforcement through the thickness direction between the laminae. The overall performance of any composite structures and assemblies largely depends on the interlaminar properties and the performance of its bonded joints. Various techniques and processes were developed in recent years to improve mechanical performance of the composite structures and assemblies, one of which includes the use of nanoscale reinforcements in between the laminae and within the adhesive layer. However, most prior research has been focused on use of straight carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and other nanomaterials in particle forms. The goal of this research was to improve the properties of the adhesive film and the interfacial bonding effectiveness between the laminae. Because CNTs are inert in nature, their interaction with the resin and adhesive polymer molecules is very weak. In this research we have used CNTs with various geometrical configuration (straight and helical geometries) and various weight percentages as additional reinforcements. The objective was to investigate the effectiveness of helical geometries of the CNTs to form interlocking mechanisms with the resin and the traditional microfiber reinforcements to improve the overall performance of the composite structures and assemblies. Single lap joint test specimens and flexural test specimens were prepared based on the ASTM standard D5868-01 and ASTM standard D790 and then tested and analyzed. The experimental results showed that the samples with CNT reinforcements performed considerably better than neat epoxy samples. Among the two different CNT geometries, helical CNTs performed better than the straight CNTs.
Sritharan, Ramanan, Askari, Davood
Leading Women in Engineering & Science: Yolita Wildman Nugent, Director, Advanced Soft Systems Integration, FlexTBMG-362503/1/2020
‘Hyper Glue’ Could Be Used for Medical ImplantsTBMG-360152/1/2020
Researchers hope to make everything from protective clothing to medical implants stronger and more corrosion resistant thanks to a newly developed hyper glue formula. The team of chemists and composite materials researchers discovered a broadly applicable method of bonding plastics and synthetic fibers at the molecular level in a procedure called cross-linking. The cross-linking takes effect when the adhesive is exposed to heat or long-wave UV light making strong connections that are both impact-resistant and corrosion-resistant. Even with a minimal amount of cross linking, the materials are tightly bonded.
Q&A: Electrically Conductive Coated Yarn for Wearable, Washable FabricsTBMG-359822/1/2020
Professor Genevieve Dion, Director of Drexel University's (Philadelphia, PA) Center for Functional Fabrics, is collaborating with other experts to coat yarn with the highly conductive, two-dimensional material MXene. They demonstrated that the yarn could be used with standard textile manufacturing techniques to create wearable conductive fabric.
Threads Detect Gases When Woven into ClothingTBMG-359892/1/2020
A fabrication method was developed to create dyed threads that change color when they detect a variety of gases. The threads can be read visually or even more precisely by use of a smartphone camera, to detect changes of color due to analytes as low as 50 parts per million. Woven into clothing, the gas-detecting threads could provide a reusable, washable, and affordable safety asset in medical, workplace, military, and rescue environments.
New Silk Materials Can Wrinkle into Detailed Patterns, Then Unwrinkle to Be “Reprinted”TBMG-3562012/1/2019
Researchers at Tufts University School of Engineering have developed silk materials that can wrinkle into highly detailed patterns — including words, textures, and images as intricate as a QR code or a fingerprint. The patterns take about one second to form, are stable, but can be erased by flooding the surface of the silk with vapor, allowing the researchers to “reverse” the printing and start again. In an article published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the researchers demonstrate examples of the silk wrinkle patterns, and envision a wide range of potential applications for optical electronic devices.1
Bioresorbable Patch Offers New Alternative for Arterial HealingTBMG-3563212/1/2019
When a patient experiences 70 percent or greater stenosis in the carotid artery — a condition that can cause lack of cerebral blood flow, stroke, and in some cases, death — surgeons perform a procedure known as carotid endarterectomy (CEA) to remove the plaque causing the artery stenosis.1,2 The procedure consists of a longitudinal incision made from the common to the internal carotid artery, allowing for removal of the plaque that deposits in the bifurcation.
Novel Applications of Electrospinning Could Improve DevicesTBMG-3563612/1/2019
When you visit Andrew Steckl’s lab at the University of Cincinnati, you see a nondescript glass box that weaves together different fibers. He sees endless possibility.
Washable Sensor Can Be Woven Into MaterialsTBMG-3572612/1/2019
A low-cost sensor was developed that can be interlaced into textiles and composite materials, paving the way for smart clothing that can monitor human movement. The embedded microscopic sensor is able to recognize local motion through the stretching of woven yarns treated with graphene nanoplatelets that can read the body's activity.
Flexible Sensor Mimics Human Finger SkinTBMG-3550311/1/2019
Artificial skin tactile sensors can feel the similar pressure and vibration felt by human skin. The new sensors can detect more sensitive tactile than the existing ones. The skin-based sensor detects both pressure and vibration at the same time and effectively measures textile. The new sensors also convert the surface roughness of a matter into electrical signals to identify physical stimulations with more sensitivity and accuracy.
Wheel and Wheel Trim Weathering Testing for Paint CoatingsJ2633_201910 (Current)10/21/2019
This SAE lab test procedure should be used when performing the following specialized weathering tests for wheels; Florida Exposure, QUV, Xenon and Carbon Weatherometer. In addition to these procedures, some additional post-weathering tests may be specified. Please refer to customer specifications for these requirements.
Wheel Standards Committee
Primer, Anodic Electrodeposition for Aircraft ApplicationsAMS3144A (Current)10/17/2019
This specification establishes the requirements for a waterborne, corrosion inhibiting, chemical and solvent resistant, anodic electrodeposition epoxy primer capable of curing at 200 to 210 °F (93 to 99 °C).
AMS G8 Aerospace Organic Coatings Committee
Natural and Artificial Weathering of Automotive Leather, Leatherette and Textile2019-28-009110/11/2019
This paper presents the natural and artificial weathering behavior of different soft skin materials such as leather, leatherette and textiles used for automotive seat cover applications. The objective of this study was to understand the physical and aesthetical changes occurring at these flexible materials under sun UV light and heat exposure. The natural weathering study under glass exposure was carried out as per ASTM G 24 at natural weathering site location and artificial weathering as per SAE J2412 at lab. The material was observed for surface changes such as color, texture, crack and physical changes like flexibility and hardness during the exposure. The sample exposed at natural weathering data for every 15 days were recorded, and artificial weathering for every 100 hours were recorded. Light and dark color materials were tested to understand the effect of color and UV light resistance as well as various textures were studied to understand the effect of various texture and texture retention under UV. The study was also carried out at two different period in a year and the data were recorded. The weathering of leather, leatherette and textiles exposed at different time showed different degradation behavior. Further the UV resistance of leatherette was found better than leather and textiles. The effect UV on leather, leatherette and textiles under natural and artificial weathering condition were correlated.
Palaniappan, Elavarasan
Mechanical and Corrosion Behaviour of Al 7075 Composite Reinforced with TiC and Al 2 O 3 Particles2019-28-009410/11/2019
Various research regarding new types of fabrication and modifications of Aluminium alloy to improve the existing properties are going on. The wide range application of aluminium alloy is in aerospace and Automobile Industries. The demand for this material improved by mechanical properties with little to zero increment in weight. The current work is based on the fabrication of hybrid aluminium metal matrix composites with the addition of TiC (Titanium Carbide) and Al2O3 (Aluminium Oxide) reinforcement particle using stir casting technique. Three types of hybrid composite samples were prepared based on the weight percentage 5% Al2O3+0% TiC (sample-1), 8% Al2O3 + 12% TiC (sample-2), 20% Al2O3+15% TiC (sample-3). The objective of the study is to analyze the mechanical and corrosion properties of the hybrid composite with the influence of the reinforcement and varying the weight fraction of the particles. Overall, It is observed that a gradual increase in the hardness value in sample-1(83 BHN), Sample-2 (88 BHN) and sample-3 (96 BHN). This trend can be explained by the particulate strengthening of TiC over the soft ductile Al7075 during stir casting. The microstructure also provides a convincing explanation of the increased hardness. The tensile test shows that an increasing trend of yield strength in sample-1 to 3, and a decreasing trend of UTS and YS in sample-2 to 3. This is due to the high content of Al2O3. The corrosion behavior is tested by weight loss method using salt spray test. The sample-3 with the highest content of Al2O3 have the least weight loss and highest corrosion resistance than the other samples.
Jaiswal, Subham, Rajamurugan, Govindasamy, Krishnasamy, Prabu, Shaswat, Yashwardhan, Kaushik, Mishra
Tensile and Fatigue Behavior of Shallow Cryogenically Treated EN19 Alloy Steel2019-28-010010/11/2019
Tensile and axial fatigue tests were conducted on shallow cryogenically treated EN19 medium carbon alloy steel to investigate its mechanical behavior. The test samples were conventionally heat treated then oil quenched at room temperature. Followed by the samples were kept for shallow cryogenic treatment to -80°C for 8 hours using liquid nitrogen. Then the samples were tempered in a muffle furnace to relieve the induced residual stresses. Tensile and axial fatigue test were carried out on both treated and non-treated samples to measure its tensile strength and fatigue behavior respectively. Microscopic examination also had done to compare the effect of shallow cryogenic treatment on its microstructure. The results exposed that there is an increase in the tensile strength and reduction in fatigue life of shallow cryogenically treated samples over base metal and improved wear resistance.
Sekar, Loganathan, Raj, Rajendran, Arasan, Tamil
Lightweight Exosuit Combines Robotics and Functional ApparelTBMG-3526310/1/2019
Between walking and running, human gaits can cover a wide range of speeds; for example, at low speeds, the metabolic rate of walking is lower than that of running in a slow jog. The opposite also is true: at high speeds, the metabolic cost of running is lower than that of speed-walking.
Thin Nylon Films for Transparent Electronic DevicesTBMG-3525510/1/2019
Very thin nylon films were created that can be used in electronic memory components. The films are several hundreds of times thinner than a human hair and could be used in bendable electronic devices or for electronics in clothing.
Conductive Textiles Connect Multiple WearablesTBMG-350939/1/2019
Researchers at the National University of Singapore (NUS) have invented a completely new way for wearable devices to interconnect. They incorporated conductive textiles into clothing to dynamically connect several wearable devices at once. This “wireless body sensor network” allows devices to transmit data with 1,000 times stronger signal than conventional technologies, meaning the battery life of all devices is dramatically improved. Wireless networks of these wearable devices on a body have future applications in health monitoring, medical interventions, and human-machine interfaces.
Thermal Conductivities of Some Polymers and Composites19AERP08_098/1/2019
Assessing the performance of polymers used in structural armor and filament winding applications. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland Thermoset polymers are good electrical insulators that are used in applications ranging from electronics to composite armor. They are rather poor thermal conductors, however. For encapsulation of electronic components and devices, there is a huge amount of literature on filled polymers, particularly epoxies. One source provides a recent review of thermal conductivity (Kt) of filled polymers with emphasis on carbon nanotube loading. As an example of a low Kt polymer, a Kt of 0.3 watts per meter per degree kelvin (W/MK) for unfilled polyurethane from an unidentified source has been cited, with higher values for filled resin. Measurements have also been reported on particle-filled polypropylene with a neat resin Kt of 0.27 W/MK. These thermal conductivities are higher than those of most epoxies, and much lower than those of metals and crystalline ceramics.
Thermal Conductivities of Some Polymers and CompositesTBMG-348688/1/2019
Thermoset polymers are good electrical insulators that are used in applications ranging from electronics to composite armor. They are rather poor thermal conductors, however.
Engineers 3D Print Flexible Mesh for Ankle and Knee BracesTBMG-349848/1/2019
Hearing aids, dental crowns, and limb prosthetics are some of the medical devices that can now be digitally designed and customized for individual patients, thanks to 3D printing. However, these devices are typically designed to replace or support bones and other rigid parts of the body, and are often printed from solid, relatively inflexible material.
Tuning Material Color and Thermal Properties SeparatelyTBMG-348988/1/2019
The color of a material can often tell how it handles heat. With clothing, for example, the darker the pigment, the warmer you're likely to feel on a hot day. Likewise, the more transparent a glass window, the more heat it can let through. A material's responses to visible and infrared radiation are often naturally linked.
Flexible High-Energy Textile Lithium Battery Designed for WearablesTBMG-349738/1/2019
Researchers at Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) have developed a highly flexible, high-energy textile lithium battery that offers more stable, durable, and safe energy supply for wearable electronics with a myriad of applications, including healthcare monitoring and intelligent textiles.
Textile Cools or Insulates AutomaticallyTBMG-349158/1/2019
Researchers have created a fabric that automatically regulates the amount of heat that passes through, depending on conditions; for example, when conditions are warm and moist — such as those of a sweating body on a summer day — the fabric allows infrared radiation (radiant heat) to pass through. When conditions become cooler and drier, the fabric reduces the heat that escapes. Infrared radiation is a primary way the body releases heat and is the focus of this new technology.
A Sensor that Fits Like a GloveTBMG-345896/1/2019
We recently had a discussion with Sri Peruvemba, VP of Strategy at BeBop Sensors (Berkeley, CA), about the technology and applications for their two-dimensional fabric sensor material. I started by asking Sri about the unusual name for the company.
Self-Powered, Washable, Wearable DisplaysTBMG-346326/1/2019
Clothing usually is formed with textiles and has to be both wearable and washable for daily use; however, smart clothing has had a problem with its power sources and moisture permeability, which causes the devices to malfunction. To solve this problem, a textile-based, wearable display module technology was developed that is washable and does not require an external power source.
Structures Technology for Component Damage and Failure PredictionF-0075-2019-147185/13/2019
Advanced structural analysis methods, known as progressive damage and failure analysis (PDFA) tools, are being developed to predict initiation and propagation of damage under repeated loading based on capturing individual and interacting damage modes. This work shows the ability of the PDFA implemented in CDMat software developed at the University of Texas Arlington Advanced Materials and Structures Lab (AMSL) to predict strength and fatigue failure of a Common Feature Test Component (CFTC) - representative of flight-critical structural attributes and failure modes - without a priori knowledge of the test result. CFTC advanced structural features include a composite skin made of unidirectional tape, a fabric hat stiffener, and a mechanically fastened aluminum rib. CFTC, developed by Boeing under the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Composite Airframe Life Extension (CALE) Program, Assessing the Durability and Damage Tolerance of Advanced Composite Structural Features, has been the most complex PDFA validation article to date.
Nikishkov, Yuriy, Nikishkov, Gennadiy, Seon, Guillaume, Shonkwiler, Brian, Makeev, Andrew
Designs to Dye for: Autonomy's New-Materials Revolution19AVEP05_055/1/2019
From pineapples to bacteria, Envisage's research is focused on new mobility's ‘inside’ story. Evolving vehicle engineering constantly reshapes vehicle architectures. But along with electrified drive-trains and autonomous capabilities is the need for a mindset shift in materials, opening the way for new sustainable solutions in color, materials and finish (CMF). Future cabins could have pineapple, banana, coconut and eucalyptus among the material solutions-with bacteria playing a potentially positive role. All these sources are at play for research designer Sammie Mayers-Nissen and her colleagues at Envisage, the U.K.-based specialist engineering services provider helping to find sustainable alternatives to plastic, leather and harmful dyes that still meet quality, durability and cost demands. “As always, in terms of R&D of alternative materials and color, production-cost consideration is the massive driver, with performance very close behind,” said Mayers-Nissen.
Birch, Stuart
Intelligent Parachute Rescue SystemTBMG-343395/1/2019
Drone Rescue GmbH Graz, Austria +43 660 140 80 55
Bendable Electronic Paper Displays a Range of ColorsTBMG-343825/1/2019
The combination of conductive polymers on nanostructures was demonstrated as suited to creating electronic displays as thin as paper. The “paper” is similar to the Kindle tablet. It does not light up like a standard display, but rather reflects the external light that illuminates it; therefore, it works very well where there is bright light such as sunlight, in contrast to standard LED displays that work best in darkness. At the same time, it needs only a tenth of the energy that a Kindle tablet uses, which itself uses much less energy than a tablet LED display.
Environmental Degradation of TextilesAIR1490C (Current)4/24/2019
Since cargo restraint devices made with textiles should have a predictable service life, there should be data available so that predictions can be made. This document compiles available information on textiles of the types used in air cargo restraint devices and reviews the degradation characteristics of each. Textiles are used primarily in cargo restraint nets on air cargo pallets and nonstructural containers, restraint nets installed in cargo aircraft, and similar applications.
AGE-2 Air Cargo
Thin, Durable Heating PatchesTBMG-341404/1/2019
Thin, durable heating patches were created using intense pulses of light to fuse tiny silver wires with polyester. Their heating performance is nearly 70 percent higher than similar patches. The inexpensive patches can be powered by coin batteries and can generate heat where the human body needs it since they can be sewed on as patches.
Fabric Alternative to Batteries for Wearable DevicesTBMG-341484/1/2019
Wearable biosensors for health monitoring lack a lightweight, long-lasting power supply. A new method was developed for making a charge-storing system that is easily integrated into clothing for embroidering a charge-storing pattern onto any garment.
Silver Nanowires Promise More Comfortable Smart TextilesTBMG-342744/1/2019
Researchers have developed a simple, scalable, and low-cost capillary-driven self-assembly method to prepare flexible and stretchable conductive fibers that have applications in wearable electronics and smart fabrics.
An Experimental Investigation of Squeak Noise for the Fabric and Plastic of Automotive Seat2019-01-14293/25/2019
Recently, one of major problems in automotive industry is squeak noise between two different materials. It is the most severe case that the noise between automobile seat and other relative parts (or within seat parts). Especially, seat covering is generated to unfavorable sound by friction of other parts. The purpose of this research is to verify and suggest a way to reduce squeak noise between seat covering and plastic at relative parts. Test results were reported with 1 to 10 Risk Priority Number (RPN) which was proposed by VDA (Verband der Automotilindustrie). It was conducted as a test with two different types of seat trim cover (knit) and plastics (PC+ABS) applied at arm rest in automotive interior. Through the principle test, the knit were more advantageous for squeak noise than other fabrics around relative part of seat particularly with suede, tricot and PC+ABS. We also optimized the concentration of soft agent in knit for slipping through stick-slip test to moderate noise. The concentration of soft agent is about 5% that squeak noise was below 3 for all case of plastic and seat covering. If the concentration of soft agent in knit is more or less than 5%, a fabric is excessively contracted or changed into different characteristics. Additionally, dense system of knit can decrease noise compare to loose organization. Based on these results, we developed an improved knit for squeak noise to apply of meeting parts at seat. This fabric can prevent the squeak noise even though abrasion and environmental conditions. The result of this study could be used to decrease in noise and be useful for selection of the materials at seat and relative parts.
Choi, Hyerin, Song, Junho, Jeong, Kie Youn
Aircraft Personal Ventilation: A CFD Thermal Comfort Analysis2019-01-13473/19/2019
Nowadays, many different research efforts are being conducted to develop personal ventilation system for aircrafts. A numerical CFD study is presented as an example analysis, finding the relationship between the initial jet temperature and mass flow to the local thermal comfort on the head, chest and face. Typical regional airplane cabin geometry was used with two passengers seated. The passengers were modeled with numerical manikins with body and arms. The study first investigated whether the personal ventilation jet has influence on only one of the passengers or if it also affects the other. It was demonstrated that the proposed personal ventilation outlet can influence local thermal comfort with minimum influence on the adjacent passenger. The equivalent temperatures on the head, chest and face were calculated with different initial jet temperatures. It was shown that the three body parts present different dependence on the initial jet temperature due to the different distances of the personal ventilation outlet and varying cloth thermal resistances. Lower temperatures may cause higher discomfort than higher temperatures. It was determined that the respective comfort limits would be exceeded when jet inlet temperatures were below 19 oC or above 50 oC for an outlet mass flow of 0,0047 kg/s.
Stancato, Fernando
Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic CompositesTBMG-3336912/1/2018
Reinforcing polymers with strong/stiff fibers is nothing new. Such materials have been used pretty much since aircraft were first created. In those pioneering days, wings were reinforced with woven cotton, or silk fabric skins, impregnated with nitrocellulose ‘dope’ to seal against the wind, and laminated wood was reinforced with fabric bonded with adhesive. Although there have been a myriad of developments along the way from those early days to where we are now in the 21st century, the principles of reinforcement are much the same.
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