Browse Topic: Market research

Items (111)

A Novel approach to define and validate market representative routes for IUPRm development in India.

2024-26-036101/16/2024

To promote real time monitoring, IUPRm checks has been enforced in India from Apr’23 as a part of BS6-2 regulation. Since IUPRm monitoring is representative of diagnostic frequency in real driving conditions and usage pattern therefore, for achieving IUPRm targets, understanding of real-world driving patterns is needed. This paper shares methodology and Validation steps for defining IUPR routes for Indian market. Methodology objective is to standardize the market operating conditions over a particular region. Selected Methodology consist of three steps: First step is to have a pre-market survey to know current IUPR status and improvement areas in existing market vehicles (BS6-1). Second step is to define market representative localized on road routes based on the finding of Pre-market survey. Third step is to validate defined IUPR routes and correlate the output in reference to coverage of market operating conditions. Routes definition starts with organizing customer survey to capture

Sharma, Prashant, Singh, Dilbagh, kumar, Amit, Gautam, Amit, Khanna, Vikram

Global Vehicle Vibration Enhancement Using Circular Force Technology

2025-01-001505/05/2023

In addition to safety advantages, sound and vibration are being utilized to enhance the driver experience in Electric Vehicles (EVs). Significant interest and investment continue to grow in utilizing interior and exterior sound for pedestrian safety and driver awareness of vehicle state, as well as enabling a unique personal EV audio experience for brand recognition both inside and external to the vehicle. Several automakers are also using audio to simulate virtual gear shifting and as well as manual transmissions in EVs. According to several automotive industry articles and market research, the audio enhancements alone, without the vibration that drivers are accustomed to in combustion engine vehicles, are not sufficient to meet the engagement, excitement, and emotion that driving enthusiasts expect. In this paper, we introduce the use of new automotive high-force compact light-weight circular force generators for globally shaking vehicles. The technology was developed originally for

Norris, Mark A., Orzechowski, JEFFREY, Sanderson, Brad, Swanson, Douglas, vantimmeren, Andrew

Inside the OEM: Stryker

TBMG-4693811/01/2022

Development of 1520 MPa Class Lightweight Suspension Springs

2022-32-002401/09/2022

The spring is an important component part of the suspension of motorcycles and automobiles. As the spring constitutes an unsprung weight, the suspension complies more quickly if the spring weighs less. Especially in off-road motorcycles, which are often subjected to extremely hard conditions such as full acceleration and braking, quick turning and jumping, a reduction of unsprung weight contributes to an enhancement of dynamic performance. As an effective means to reduce weight, use of the light-weight titanium instead of the commonly used steel is seen in some examples. However, applications of titanium are limited only to large-diameter springs because of its higher cost and challenging in coiling. To achieve a steel spring that weighs lower than a titanium counterpart, we aimed at a spring that features such a fatigue strength that allows stressing as higher as to 1520 MPa. Three technical options are used, 1) Shot peening, 2) Removal of decarburized surface on wire material, 3

Kato, Hideki, Kasatori, Shinji, Kameda, Hirokatsu, Suzuki, Shoichi

Automotive Buzz, Squeak and Rattle Attenuation Technique from Front Suspension Assembly in Passenger Car

2021-01-108708/31/2021

BSR noise is an important parameters for customer discomfort. According to a market survey, squeaks and rattles are the third most important customer concern in cars after six months of ownership. The high quality acoustic environment of a car, annoying noises like buzz, squeak, and rattle is related to various parameters such as material assembly, tolerance, aging, humidity, surface contact, and surface hardness. BSR is originated from frictional movement between two parts or from the impact between two parts. The rattle noise is caused when surfaces close to each other move perpendicular to each other due to insufficient attachments or insufficient structural strength. In our study, we have shown the impact of various front suspension component in front suspension assembly on BSR noise and also the method to detect and attenuate the same. A methodical analysis process is shown to identify the contributing part and resolve the BSR issue. A detailed case study on vehicle level is

Deshmukh, Sagar, Hazra, Sandip, Mohare, Gourishkumar

A Multi-Objective Power Component Optimal Sizing Model for Battery Electric Vehicles

2021-01-072404/06/2021

With recent advances in electric vehicles, there is a plethora of powertrain topologies and components available in the market. Thus, the performance of electric vehicles is highly sensitive to the choice of various powertrain components. This paper presents a multi-objective optimization model that can optimally select component sizes for batteries, supercapacitors, and motors in regular passenger battery-electric vehicles (BEVs). The BEV topology presented here is a hybrid BEV which consists of both a battery pack and a supercapacitor bank. Focus is placed on optimal selection of the battery pack, motor, and supercapacitor combination, from a set of commercially available options, that minimizes the capital cost of the selected power components, the fuel cost over the vehicle lifespan, and the 0-60 mph acceleration time. Available batteries, supercapacitors, and motors are from a market survey. The considered lifespan is taken as 10 years, and the traveling distance is estimated at

Shinde, Akash, Kshirsagar, Kunal, Arshad, Saad Bin, Patil, Unmesh, Zhang, Jiangfeng

Factors Affecting the Willingness to Use Automated Buses: A Survey from China

2020-01-514112/30/2020

With the development of autonomous driving technology, automated buses have begun trial operations in many cities around the world, and marketization has become an important issue. In order to explore the influencing factors of the public's willingness to use automated buses, two rounds of surveys were conducted. Firstly, the importance of the attributes of automated buses was studied, based on which questionnaires on willingness to use automated buses were designed. Using data from 266 questionnaires collected, a logistic regression model was established. Model results show that demographic variables and historical travel behavior characteristics will have a significant impact. Women are less willing to choose automated buses than men, and older people aged above 50 are more likely to use the mode. People who often use regular buses to travel have higher willingness to choose automated buses than people using other modes. Among people using other modes including private cars, subways

Xi, Haijiao, Wu, Zhongyi, Zhou, Hongmei, Yi, Maomao

Technology Leaders: Industry Renaissance Transforms Invention, Learning, Production, and Trade

TBMG-3819612/01/2020

A profound societal transformation is underway on a scale not seen since the great European Renaissance. Then, Gutenberg’s printing press made books — and the knowledge they contained — available to all. Today, the new book is the experience. Digital technology, which enables virtual experiences, is enabling an Industry Renaissance that is shaking all sectors of society with new ways, both real and virtual, of inventing, learning, producing, and trading.

COVID-19 Drives Data Acquisition & Analytics Evolution

TBMG-3799411/01/2020

Data acquisition strategies are evolving in the era of COVID-19, driven by increased requirements for remote data visualization and real-time, data-driven decisions. Human-machine interface (HMI) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems are becoming even more important to achieve digital transformation because they can perform analytics on edge devices, providing the agility and resilience fundamental to success.

Researchers Develop Ultra-Thin, Ultra-Flexible Electronic Material

TBMG-3627503/01/2020

Researchers have developed an ultra-thin, ultra-flexible electronic material that could be printed and rolled out like newspaper. The material could be used for the touch-screens of the future. The touch-responsive technology is 100 times thinner than existing touchscreen materials and so pliable it can be rolled up like a tube.

3 Areas of Innovation for Combination Medical Products

TBMG-3508309/01/2019

The combination of drugs with medical devices has the potential to take patient care in an entirely new direction. The power of these products is that they can deliver a precise amount of a drug to a precise location at a precise time — ensuring better patient compliance and potentially helping other therapies to be more effective.

New design for 2020 Mitsubishi Outlander Sport as brand awaits alliance's new platforms, products

19AUTP06_1606/01/2019

The 2020 Mitsubishi Outlander Sport carries over with no mechanical changes compared to the 2019 model. But its new face-part of a front/rear styling redo plus new interior trims/tech for the 5-seat, 2-row SUV-signals a new start for the brand in the U.S. Having pared its product lineup to all-SUV plus the economy minded B-segment Mirage, the triple-diamond brand is saucing up its styling while it awaits a bevy of new platforms and products from its alliance with Nissan/Renault. Mitsubishi sold over 100,000 vehicles in the U.S. for the last two years running. Compared to the nearly 350,000 vehicles it sold in 2002 (or the 800K pickups Ford delivers in a year), this might not sound spectacular. But compared to the sub-54K year it had in 2009, the steady growth over the last 10 years (including a 14% jump last year in a flat-overall market) shows that life is returning to the brand.

Seredynski, Paul

Design Parameters for Small Engines Based on Market Research

2018-01-171709/10/2018

Small internal combustion engines outperform batteries and fuel cells in regards to weight for a range of applications, including consumer products, marine vehicles, small manned ground vehicles, unmanned vehicles, and generators. The power ranges for these applications are typically between 1 kW and 10 kW. There are numerous technical challenges associated with engines producing power in this range resulting in low power density and high specific fuel consumption. As such, there is a large range of engine design solutions that are commercially available in this power range to overcome these technical challenges. A market survey was conducted of commercially available engines with power outputs less than 10 kW. The subsequent analysis highlights the trade-offs between power output, engine weight, and specific fuel consumption. These engines are analyzed to show the benefits and disadvantages of different engine design parameters including fuel type, number of strokes per cycle, number

Mittal, Vikram

Orthopedic Replacement Implants Market: Drivers and Developments

TBMG-3245608/01/2018

The global market for minor orthopedic replacement implants exceeded $1.5 billion in 2017. Analysts from The Business Research Company forecast the market value to grow at a rate of over 7 percent and to reach $2.2 billion in 2021 in their report “Minor Orthopedic Replacement Implants.”1 According to the report, the primary reason for this growth is the high incidence of arthritis and fractures. Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are the major causes for joint replacement surgery, including minor orthopedic joints. The other cause for joint replacement surgery is failed previous joint replacement surgery. This article examines the trends that are driving this market, including a look at materials, regions, procedures, and regulatory developments that are shaping the future of orthopedic implants.

Disposables Lead the Way to Fighting HAIs, Preventing Errors

TBMG-2975007/01/2018

A key driver of the medical disposables market is the desire to minimize the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Healthcare providers are turning to disposable products as a safer alternative than reusable devices, which even if decontaminated properly, can still lead to infection. According to Grand View Research, “the emergence of this sector is attributed to the increased focus toward the use of single-use disposable products to prevent cross-contamination and infection in healthcare settings.” In addition to the growing awareness of the benefits of infection control, another key factor driving the market expansion is the growing need for healthcare assistance for an aging population.

The Development of the Russian Agricultural Tractor Market from 2008 to 2014

2016-01-812809/27/2016

The objective of this study is to identify the most popular agricultural tractor models in Russia by their engine ratings and countries of origin. This review presents an analysis of changes in the composition of engine-ratings and sales volume of agricultural tractors in the Russian market between 2008 and 2014. Including knock-down kits, the countries of origin are Russia, the CIS-countries and non-CIS Countries. The variety of manufacturers, highlight the leading international companies which have supplied up to 200 units is discussed. The papers shows that CIS-manufactured tractors represent the greatest number in the market - up to 57 per cent, tractors from non-CIS countries occupy up to 12 per cent of the market, and the number of Russian models is quite limited - 3.0 per cent in 2012 and 3.4 per cent in 2014. In 2011, Non-CIS-manufactured wheeled tractor makes are the most popular John Deere (USAs), Foton (China), Challenger (USA), Kioti (South Korea), New Holland (USA), Valtra

Shevtsov, Vladimir G., Lavrov, Alexandr, Godzhaev, Zahid A., Kryazhkov, Valentin M., Gurulev, Gennagy S.

Conceptualization and Implementation of a Dual-Purpose Battery Electric Powertrain Concept for an Urban Utility/Activity Vehicle

2016-01-118204/05/2016

The Deep Orange framework is an integral part of the graduate automotive engineering education at Clemson University International Center for Automotive Research (CU-ICAR). The initiative was developed to immerse students into the world of an OEM. For the sixth generation of Deep Orange, the goal was to develop an urban utility/activity vehicle for the year 2020. The objective of this paper is to describe the development and implementation of a dual-purpose powertrain system enabling vehicle propulsion as well as stationary activities of the Deep Orange 6 vehicle concept. AutoPacific data were first examined to define personas on the basis of their demographics and psychographics. The resulting market research, benchmarking, and brand essence studies were then converted to consumer needs and wants, to establish vehicle target and subsystem requirement, which formed the foundation of the Unique Selling Points (USPs) of the concept. The Deep Orange 6 vehicle contains a very low floor

Ivanco, Andrej, Mariappan Selvaraj, Balan, Murali, Kawshik, Narayanan, Arjun, Sarkar, Avik, Singh, Aviral, Soni, Akshay, Benton, Mark, Muralidharan, Prasanth, Brooks, Johnell, Venhovens, Paul, Payne, Craig

Improvement of Practical Electric Consumption by Drag Reducing under Cross Wind

2016-01-162604/05/2016

Reducing vehicle fuel consumption has become one of the most important issues in recent years in connection with environmental concerns such as global warming. Therefore, in the vehicle development process, attention has been focused on reducing aerodynamic drag as a way of improving fuel economy. When considering environmental issues, the development of vehicle aerodynamics must take into account real-world driving conditions. A crosswind is one of the representative conditions. It is well known that drag changes in a crosswind compared with a condition without a crosswind, and that the change depends on the vehicle shape. It is generally considered that the influence of a crosswind is relatively small since drag accounts for a small proportion of the total running resistance. However, for electric vehicles, the energy loss of the drive train is smaller than that of an internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle. Therefore, drag represents a relatively larger proportion of the total

Kawamata, Hideyuki, Kuroda, Satoru, Tanaka, Shingo, Oshima, Munehiko

Conceptual Development of a Multi-Material Composite Structure for an Urban Utility/Activity Vehicle

2016-01-133404/05/2016

The Deep Orange framework is an integral part of the graduate automotive engineering education at Clemson University International Center for Automotive Research (CU-ICAR). The initiative was developed to immerse students into the world of an OEM. For the 6th generation of Deep Orange, the goal was to develop an urban utility/activity vehicle for the year 2020. The objective of this paper is to describe the development of a multimaterial lightweight Body-in-White (BiW) structure to support an all-electric powertrain combined with an interior package that maximizes volume to enable a variety of interior configurations and activities for Generation Z users. AutoPacific data were first examined to define personas on the basis of their demographics and psychographics. The resulting market research, benchmarking, and brand essence studies were then converted to consumer needs and wants, to establish vehicle target and subsystem requirement, which formed the foundation of the Unique Selling

Flegel, Christopher, Bhivate, Parth, Li, Liang, Mathur, Yash, Phalgaonkar, Sanket, Benton, Mark, Muralidharan, Prasanth, Brooks, Johnell, Pilla, Srikanth, Venhovens, Paul, Lewis, David, DeBry, Garrett, Payne, Craig

Comau enters the small-robot segment with Racer3

15MEIP12_2312/01/2015

Small robots are beginning to handle tasks inside automotive production facilities that require human-like dexterity. “The primary reason for smaller robots gaining traction in the automotive industry, especially in the assembly area, are advances in end effector technology (the device at the end of a robotic arm), tactile sensing capabilities, and overall precision,” said Alex Shikany, Director of Market Analysis for the Robotic Industries Association (RIA) in Ann Arbor, MI.

Buchholz, Kami

Development of an Algorithm to Automatically Detect and Distinguish Squeak and Rattle Noises

2015-01-225806/15/2015

Squeak and rattle (S&R) noises are undesirable noises caused by friction-induced vibration or impact between surfaces. While several computer programs have been developed to automatically detect and rate S&R events over the years, no reported work has been found that can detect squeak and rattle noises and distinguish them. Because the causes of squeak noises and rattle noises are different, knowing if it is a squeak noise or rattle noise will be very helpful for automotive engineers to choose an appropriate measure to solve the problem. The authors have developed a new algorithm to differentiate squeak noises and rattle noises, and added it to the S&R detection algorithm they had developed previously. The new algorithm utilizes a combination of sound quality metrics, specifically sharpness, roughness, and fluctuation strength. A three-dimensional space defined by the maximum values of sharpness, roughness, and fluctuation strength of the noise are used to differentiate squeak and

Lee, Gil-Jun, Kim, Kichang, Kim, Jay

LED Solar Simulator

TBMG-2100511/01/2014

Oriel Instruments (Bozeman, MT), a Newport Company, has introduced the LSH-7320 LED Class ABA Solar Simulator. Compared to conventional solar simulators with Xenon sources, the LED-based solar simulator provides fast turn-on, a much longer lifetime, and reduced waste heat for easy integration into glove boxes. The system is specifically designed to meet the requirements of the photovoltaic research market and provides a variable output from 0.1 to 1.1 suns over a 2 inch × 2 inch illumination area at a working distance of 12 inches (305 mm).

Powertrain Model for Selection of Reduction Ratio and Estimation of Energy Requirement

2014-01-178104/01/2014

This paper presents a mathematical model of an electric driveline consisting of one battery pack, two independent Permanent Magnet DC (PMDC) motors and motor-controllers and two fixed-ratio planetary gearboxes, all located inside the rear frame of the vehicle. The proposed analysis has been performed with the objective of: (i) Determination of acceleration run time for a straight patch of 75 meters; (ii) Determination of lap times and energy consumption for endurance track of 23 laps. A model of a PMDC motor and motor controller has been developed based on response analysis by conducting experiments on a jig setup. The motor controllers are compared for two control modes- Speed mode and Torque mode. A simplified race car model for longitudinal vehicle dynamics is derived from forces acting on the car including the effect of losses due to drag forces, rolling resistance, transmission inefficiency and inertial losses due to rotary elements. The effect of reduction ratio on acceleration

Sakhalkar, Siddhesh, Dhillon, Parveen, Bakshi, Soovadeep, Kumar, Pranay, Arora, Puneet Singh

Design and Optimization of Planetary Gearbox for a Formula Student Vehicle

2014-01-178004/01/2014

This paper presents the method of designing an optimized light weight, cost effective planetary gearbox for a Formula Student vehicle. The gearbox has a high speed functioning capability, in addition to the compact size and light weight. The iterative optimization procedure used provides a technique for selecting the best possible configuration of the gearbox. Conventional gearboxes used for this purpose are generally two step reduction gearboxes, which are bulkier in terms of weight and volume. Also, a review of the existing market reveals that the planetary gearboxes manufactured in India are not capable of handling high speeds, thus rendering them futile for racing applications. The target reduction ratio for the gearbox is a fixed parameter. The method involves design and optimization of the gear-train with the calculated ratio. A detailed algorithm has been used, which involves developing a mathematically modelled code for deciding gear characteristics, physical modelling using

Bakshi, Soovadeep, Dhillon, Parveen, Maruvada, Teja

Touch-less control coming to cars

14AUTP03_0103/04/2014

Use of proximity and gesture-recognition systems in auto cockpits could rise fifty-fold within a decade. By now many of us have tried out gesture-recognition technology at home; Microsoft's Kinect for Xbox and Nintendo's Wii video game consoles have been around for several years. And most of us who have tried them out quickly realized how intuitive it is to use natural body movements to interact with computerized devices. So the question arises: when will the touch-less 3D control technology make it onto the road? With simple hand motions, a driver might adjust the volume, flick over to the next page, zoom in on a screen, raise or lower the heat, or scroll through lists of radio stations or phone numbers.

Ashley, Steven

CAMERA TRENDS 2013: A Simpler Machine Vision

TBMG-1733209/01/2013

Today’s cameras are cheaper, smaller, and more capable than ever before. Without breaking the budget, a company manager who needs products inspected can buy a camera, quickly code in commands to recognize an object, bracket the device above a production line, and begin capturing images.

Collaborating for cheaper carbon fiber

12AEID1106_0211/06/2012

Oak Ridge National Laboratory and several industry partners work together to overcome the challenges to lower-cost carbon fiber. Improving fuel economy during the next few decades will come down to developing fuel-efficient powerplants and lightweight structures. But if automakers are to build vehicle structures that meet increasingly stringent safety and quality standards while shedding significant mass, they will need to use carbon-fiber composite materials, which have a quarter the density of steel but several times its strength and equal stiffness. Unfortunately, the very stuff of today's high-performance vehicles-racecars, exotic sports cars, jet fighters, spacecraft, and America's Cup sailboats-is still too costly for use in tomorrow's mass-produced vehicles, including range-challenged electric vehicles. Even the lower-quality industrial grades of carbon fiber that would meet the structural needs of future composite cars (tensile strength: 250 ksi, tensile modulus: 25 Msi, 1

Ashley, Steven

Finding Balance Between Orthopedic Implant Coatings

TBMG-1490110/01/2012

The school of thought surrounding most orthopedic implant coatings is that the more porous and “rough” the surface is, the better the implant (hip, knee, etc.) will grip to, and connect with, the bone. As a result of this bone ingrowth, the implant will be more stable, requiring fewer repairs and repeat surgeries.

Business Model for Successful Commercialization of Aircraft Designs

11VATC5040003/21/2012

In any new aircraft development program there are many important design decisions that determine profitability potential. The key to making new aircraft profitable is to design features that will command more money than the cost to provide them within the market's ability to absorb them. The business model in this paper shows how to predict or find: 1) the costs to provide various aircraft features; 2) the values that aircraft buyers place on these features; 3) the amount of money that buyers have to commit to them, 4) the open spaces in the market in which to place new designs and 5) the predicted profits from new designs. In this process, this paper extends previous work on the law of value and demand, which states that attributes determine value; value determines price; and that price determines demand. This four-dimensional, non-negative system hosts a business model that describes the features needed to enable aircraft designs to go from concepts to profitable assembly lines

Howarth, Douglas

Extensible Processing Platforms: Giving Designers the Best of Both Worlds

TBMG-1228412/01/2011

Creating a new field programmable gate array is no small feat. FPGA vendors spend tens-of-thousands of man-hours simply researching markets to determine the feature set a given device will require and the silicon process that they will use to manufacture the device. This starts years before they embark on the ever more difficult task of actually designing the IC and the software to allow users to program it.

Acrylic Window Terminology and Crazing Acceptance Criteria

AIR5122A (Current)11/07/2011

AMS P Polymeric Materials Committee

Mizzou Engineering Electric Car Club contributes to national safety effort

11MOMD1028_0311/01/2011

UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI STUDENTS GATHER DATA FOR HYBRID AND ELECTRIC VEHICLE FIRST RESPONDER MATERIALS. STUDENTS JOINING THE UNIVERSITY of Missouri's Electric Car Club as an extracurricular activity never imagined they'd play a key role in a national agency's effort to educate emergency first responders to the intricacies of alternative fuel vehicles. But that opportunity for one of the newest within Mizzou's College of Engineering materialized when motive and means came to fruition under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. “A year-and-a-half ago, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) decided to develop and deliver a training curriculum for first responders to incidents involving electric and hybrid vehicles,” said John Cannon, project manager for training development at NFPA, headquartered near Boston. “Companies' technical manuals can be 25 to 30 pages long. They're not aimed at first responders.” First responders include fire services, emergency medical personnel

Wiese-Fales, Jan

Back to basics

10AEID0907_0209/07/2010

Top Toyota executives discuss steps taken to bolster quality control during the development process while still forging ahead with new innovative product. TOYOTA'S RECALL WOES of the past year are well known to anyone connected to the automotive world-and that includes those people whose only connection to the industry is through vehicle ownership. Undoubtedly, the most publicized of those recall issues relates to unintended acceleration and the role of Toyota's electronic throttle control system (ETCS) in such cases. Perhaps less well known is how the Japanese automaker has responded to these issues over the past several months, and how these actions are affecting its product development. Toyota Motor Corp. (TMC) executives shared their insights with AEI and other select media recently in Toyota City, Japan.

Gehm, Ryan

Reflections of a product-development revolutionary

10AEID0601_0206/01/2010

Bob Lutz revitalized GM's PD process by challenging its protocols-while following his instincts for making compelling vehicles. Adecade ago, General Motors' products languished at or near the bottom of most of their respective segments, in terms of overall excellence. In particular, they lacked the design harmony, attention to detail, and premium attributes that were increasingly defining many competitors. That was the situation Bob Lutz encountered in 2001 when he arrived at GM as Vice Chairman for Product Development. The company's prior executive leadership came from a consumer-goods background and imagined that automotive products could be developed in the same way as $3 tubes of toothpaste.

Carney, Dan

New Markets for a Mature Product or Mature Markets for a New Product?

TP-AAB-AABC_US_2010_2705/21/2010

Presentation of "New markets for a mature product or mature markets for a new product?" for AABC US 2010.

The Inner Workings of Solid State Flash: SLC versus MLC

TBMG-661001/01/2010

Because all solid state flash products are not created equal and flash storage is finding its way into more and more embedded computing applications, system designers should understand the critical tradeoffs between competing technologies when evaluating flash products. Most commonly, the endurance and reliability required in end-user applications help dictate the appropriate storage technology to use. Two well-known flash storage technologies, Single Level Cell (SLC) and Multi Level Cell (MLC), offer distinct advantages, depending on a user’s needs.

Industrial PCs Offer Configurable System Options and Quad-Core Performance

TBMG-562709/01/2009

Industrial PCs (IPCs) are all about performance, including processors, mass storage performance, and network throughput. In all applications — medical, communications, automation, process control, transportation, military and defense, and more — bandwidth requirements for data transmission and processing are on the rise. Long-term use, low-level noise tolerance, ruggedness for shock and vibration, extended availability of additional systems — these are just some of the top-level requirements that must be considered in pairing the right industrial solution to the right application.

Patient Monitoring Using Capacitive Sensors

TBMG-623505/01/2009

Capacitive sensors can be used to measure many different physical parameters that are important when monitoring the health of patients. In particular, the technical advances made by sensor manufacturers in using micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS), fabricated using silicon microchip manufacturing techniques, have opened up new possibilities for integration which improve the ease and adaptability of their use.

Interpretation of Time-Frequency Distribution Cross Terms

2008-01-027004/14/2008

Noise and vibration signals which are stationary are frequently analyzed for frequency content using Fourier Transform methods. Frequency content can be clearly displayed, but temporal characteristics of signals can easily be obscured in a frequency spectrum. Several commonly available methods of analyzing nonstationary signals are available, such as short-time Fourier Transform and wavelet analysis. Smearing of data in the time and/or frequency domains leads to limited usefulness of these methods in analyzing rapidly varying signals. This also applies to stationary signals with perceivable temporal characteristics. The Wigner Distribution is a time-frequency analysis which can analyze rapidly varying signals and show the effects of rapid changes in signal characteristics. It is appealing because it fully preserves all the information present in the original signal. However, the Wigner Distribution of a measured signal typically contains cross terms which do not correspond to spectral

Sorenson, Steven R., Lock, Aaron M.

Electronics Concepts for New Markets

2008-28-001101/09/2008

The low-cost segment in the emerging markets requires highly flexible, scalable and cost-attractive products. Continental is pursuing a completely new development approach for central body control. Instead of the traditional individual optimization on the component level, the scope of the optimization is the complete architecture. The carmaker gets a cost optimized electronic solution that is adapted to its specific needs.

Gentzsch, Markus

Image Sensors Decades Old But Not Yet Mature

TBMG-1173911/01/2007

There’s no rule that says when a technology becomes mature, but one might think that image sensors would be by now, 40 years after their conception. Nothing could be further from the truth. After decades of use in fax machines, scanners, and camcorders, image sensors are now in the largest growth period in their history, and much of the innovation is still happening.

Older-older vs. newer-older: room for both

AERONOV07_0211/01/2007

Engine upgrades are expected to provide sufficient return on investment within a reasonable period of time. The nuances associated with upgrading “older-older” engines that are typically out of production vs. “newer-older” engines that have a number of years on the clock but are still being built are not lost on the engineering community. “We look at each program from the perspective of customer needs (and determine) which engine has the best opportunity from a customer draw perspective, and how new technology can improve the operating effectiveness of the fleet,” said Mike Field, Pratt & Whitney Vice President of Commercial Engine Programs.

Rosenberg, Barry

Imaging System for Characterizing Materials and Processes

TBMG-461708/01/2007

Ahigh-performance digital imaging system has been assembled to provide enhanced capabilities for characterizing materials and processes. Highspeed imaging is needed for observation and analysis of such fast dynamic processes as impact fracture (including ballistically induced fracture) in advanced composite materials, dynamic deformation of materials, and hydrodynamic instabilities in jets. Because these dynamic processes occur at diverse temporal and spatial scales, there is a need for an imaging system that can operate at correspondingly diverse frame rates, spatial resolutions, and magnifications, and that is capable of recording various numbers of image frames.

Effect of Storage on the Physicochemical Properties of a Sweetpotato Beverage Produced Through Centrifugation

2006-01-207307/17/2006

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of storage on the physicochemical properties of a sweetpotato beverage (SWPB) produced through centrifugation. The SWPBs were formulated using 19, 22, and 26% pureed sweetpotato and other ingredients. Each SWPB was centrifuged at 3,500 rpm for 10 minutes. The beverages were stored for 14 days at 5°C. Colony forming units were enumerated every 48h. SWPBs were diluted to 10-5 and distributed on Petrifilm plates in duplicate. ºBrix, color, pH, and ascorbic acid were measured. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether there were differences among the means for ºBrix, color, pH, and ascorbic acid. Negligible microbial growth (0-42 CFU/mL) was observed for the beverages during storage. Solids contents in the SWPBs were constant, ranging from 15.2±0.3 to 15.3± 0.7. Lightness values were from 62.7, 63.3, and 63.9, for the 19%, 22% and 26% SWPB, respectively. The mean pH of the beverages ranged from 4.2 to 4.3. The mean

Bromfield, Elaine M., Gladney, Diantha, Gichuchi, Peter, Bovell-Benjamin, Adelia C.

ACRYLIC WINDOW TERMINOLOGY AND CRAZING ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

AIR5122 (Historical)01/06/2006

AMS P Polymeric Materials Committee

Responsabilidade Social Empresarial: Ética ou Estética? – Uma análise do setor automobilístico brasileiro

2005-01-417011/22/2005

This paper has as objective to investigate the reasons of the companies to adopt the concept of Social Responsibility, as well as the respective alignment between this concept and the purpose of the actions for them undertaken. The concepts of Social Responsibility, Ethical Enterprise and Enterprise Social Responsibility had been used to analyze as the Social Responsibility is used in the strategy of marketing of the companies, combined with the tool Marketing for Social Causes, in order to understand the reason of the companies to practice action of this nature. Another argued aspect was the increasing evolution of variable that before was not part of the strategical development of the company, together with the biggest concern of the company - the profit -, for the attainment of an increase of recognition of the society, beyond a on interest to the question of the improvement of its institutional image. An increasing persistence for the association of these social actions in

FARAH, MÁRIO LUÍS, MUKAI, CASSIA YUKI, PERINI, MARCELA PAMPLONA

Digital morphs the radio landscape

AERONOV05_0211/01/2005

In the world of aerospace, smaller radios are able to handle a larger number of frequencies. Smaller and more powerful electronics are bringing major changes to radio technology, letting a single radio handle many frequencies while simplifying operation and opening up more room for other equipment. These digital radios also free up instrument panel space for more functions while setting the stage for a shift to software-defined radio (SDR). The power of today's processors makes it possible to switch from one frequency to another, letting a single radio transmit and receive over different frequencies used for takeoff and landing, navigation, emergency channels, and traditional communications.

Costlow, Terry

Evaluation Of Commercial, Biodegradable, Synthetic Or Biosourced Hydraulic Fluid For Use In Military Combat/Tactical Vehicles

2005-01-180304/11/2005

The U.S. Army has been involved in the development of biodegradable hydraulic products since the 1990's. Such products concentrated primarily on industrial type hydraulic fluids. Current work is targeted at the development of biodegradable, bio-based hydraulic fluids that can be used in tactical/combat systems. This evaluation is being conducted in three phases. The first two phases have been completed which were laboratory evaluations wherein the fluids underwent laboratory testing by the Fuels and Lubricants Technology Team (FLTT) of the U. S. Army Tank - Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC) and Southwest Research Institute (SwRI). A market survey was conducted which identified companies manufacturing biodegradable products from biomass feedstock. Products were requested from these companies and sixteen candidate fluids were received for evaluation. The sixteen candidate fluids were evaluated in Phase I, which screened the products for basic properties

Tebbe, Jill, Mowery, Ralph B., Villahermosa, Luis A., Wright, Bernard R.

Seat Lateral Support Evaluation With SAE Manikin

2005-01-100604/11/2005

In this report, we proposed an objective evaluation method of the seat lateral support according to the mechanisms to create the performance differences that we reported previously [1]. First, we showed an effect of scrutinizing Seat Pressure Distribution's change during vehicle turn to gain a quantitative index for explaining subjective evaluation results. Second, we showed the examples of the differences of the results according to the subjects and selected the best-correlated subject among them with a market survey result. Then, we contrived a loading condition to SAE manikin to reproduce the subject's Seat Pressure Distribution. Final, by a specific calculation of the Seat Pressure Distribution, the method to indicate the performance rating that had strong correlation with market survey was clarified.

Okiyama, Hiroshi, Michida, Nanae, Matsuhashi, Kazuhiro

Software Enables Advanced Modeling of Backlights for Flat Panel Displays

TBMG-641901/01/2005

This enhanced illumination design and analysis program, called LightTools® 5.1, enables easy and accurate modeling of sophisticated backlights for flat panel displays. It can simulate the surface textures used for backlights, with built-in flexibility to vary the shape, size, and spacing of the texture elements.

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