Browse Topic: Terminology

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Data analytics methodology for vehicle quality complaint analysis2026-26-0654To be published on 01/16/2026
Automobiles have become a part of people's everyday life. Customers base their trust on a brand's reputation while making a buying decision. With the evolving trends, feature advancements, automobiles have become a complex system. Ensuring product quality amidst system complexities is necessary to maintain the brand value & ensure customer satisfaction. Efficient addressal of customer quality complaints is pivotal in maintaining product quality. Until recent times, manual analysis using traditional data processing tools has been used for vehicle complaint analysis. However, considering the large quantum of data in new age vehicles with more number of control units, it becomes time-consuming, expertise dependent and susceptible to human errors. Given this & the advent of new age machine learning techniques & data analysis tools that can handle large amount of data, it is imperative to adopt them for vehicle complaint analysis. This research paper puts forth a method to analyze vehicle
Venkatesan, Prasanna, Raju, Vivek
Tailgate Stiffness Mitigation and Engineering Strategy for Y-to-Y Tailgate-Mounted Tail Lamp Integration2026-26-0494To be published on 01/16/2026
The tailgate, as the rearmost vehicle opening, plays a pivotal role in defining the rear aesthetic theme while ensuring structural durability and maximizing luggage space. Contemporary automotive design trends highlight an increasing demand for Y-to-Y tailgate-mounted tail lamp configurations, which deliver a bold and dynamic visual appeal. Enhanced by animated lighting features, these designs cater to the preferences of Gen Z customers, becoming a decisive factor in purchasing decisions. However, integrating these complex tail lamp structures introduces significant engineering challenges, including increased X-dimension volume, reduced design space, and intricate mounting schemes constrained by stamping limitations. These factors necessitate the development of innovative joinery strategies and structural definitions to maintain durability targets, including achieving 25,000–30,000 slam cycles without failure, while preserving luggage space. This paper explores a comprehensive approach
Beryl, Joshua, Mohanty, Abhinab, Unadkat, Siddharth, Selvan, Veera
Material Handler Nomenclature and SpecificationsJ2506_202511 (Current)11/25/2025
This SAE Standard establishes terminology and the content of commercial literature specifications for self-propelled crawler and wheeled material handlers, pedestal mounted material handlers and their equipment as defined in 3.1. Illustrations used here are not intended to include all existing commercial machines or to be exactly descriptive of any particular machine. They have been provided to describe the principles to be used in applying this document. (Material handlers share many design characteristics with hydraulic excavators and log loaders; primarily 360 degree continuous rotation of the upperstructure relative to the undercarriage or mounting. They differ in their operating application. Material handlers are used for the handling of scrap material and normally utilize grapples or magnets. Hydraulic excavators are used for the excavation of earth, gravel and other loose material utilizing a bucket. Log loaders are used for the handling of logs and trees and normally utilize
MTC1, Earthmoving Machinery
Necessity of Body Torsional Rigidity of Personal Mobility Vehicles (PMVs) with an Inward Tilting Mechanism2024-32-001304/18/2025
In traditional four-wheeled automobiles, the imbalance between the roll moment, which is the product of the centrifugal force during a turn acting on the center of gravity and the height of the center of gravity, and roll stiffness, which is the product of the left-right difference in tire vertical load and the tread width and commonly used among automotive suspension engineers, of the front and rear sections necessitates body torsional rigidity. However, there is a lack of specific cases and guidelines for constructing the body structure of three-wheeled PMVs (Personal Mobility Vehicles) with a tilting mechanism from the perspective of vehicle dynamics characteristics. In this paper, the basic considerations related to the dynamics of such three-wheeled PMVs are investigated. We use the term “torsional rigidity” to refer to the stiffness as the torsional deformation of the body itself, and the term “roll stiffness” to refer to the moment that counteracts the roll moment during a turn
Haraguchi, Tetsunori, Kaneko, Tetsuya
Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (Enhanced License)AS6969_DA (Current)07/29/2024
Enhanced License for Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (AS6969) allowing for greater usage as outlined in the terms of the Enhanced License. Terms can be reviewed prior to purchase once item is added to the cart. Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (AS6969) This data dictionary provides a mathematically coherent set of definitions for quantity types used in data models for unmanned systems. In this data dictionary, a quantity is defined as a property of a phenomenon, substance, or body whose value has magnitude.
AS-4UCS Unmanned Systems Control Segment Architecture
A Novel approach to define and validate market representative routes for IUPRm development in India.2024-26-036101/16/2024
To promote real time monitoring, IUPRm checks has been enforced in India from Apr’23 as a part of BS6-2 regulation. Since IUPRm monitoring is representative of diagnostic frequency in real driving conditions and usage pattern therefore, for achieving IUPRm targets, understanding of real-world driving patterns is needed. This paper shares methodology and Validation steps for defining IUPR routes for Indian market. Methodology objective is to standardize the market operating conditions over a particular region. Selected Methodology consist of three steps: First step is to have a pre-market survey to know current IUPR status and improvement areas in existing market vehicles (BS6-1). Second step is to define market representative localized on road routes based on the finding of Pre-market survey. Third step is to validate defined IUPR routes and correlate the output in reference to coverage of market operating conditions. Routes definition starts with organizing customer survey to capture
Sharma, Prashant, Singh, Dilbagh, kumar, Amit, Gautam, Amit, Khanna, Vikram
Regulatory Framework for Construction Equipment Vehicles in India2024-26-008901/16/2024
The Construction & Mining field is continuously upgrading, reshaping under the stimulus of technical enhancement. India is considered one of fastest growing country in the word. Requirement for Construction Equipment Vehicles in India is continuously growing due increased rate infrastructure development. To promote development of the Construction Equipment Vehicles (CEV's) manufacturing sector it was also necessary to build a new governance architecture. Every vehicle plying on road has to comply with Central Motor Vehicle Regulatory requirements as per CMVR act 1989. Earlier 2021 CEV's were required to go through performance trials like brake, steering effort, turning circle measurement, speedometer calibration as dynamic tests as per regulations. It was need of the time to come with stringent norms or for better safety of operators & take CEV compatible international regulation. this paper puts forward the basic principles & safety requirements improved for CEV's over the time
Babar, Sagar, Akbar Badusha, A
Comprehensive Evaluation of Logging Frameworks for Future Vehicle Diagnostics2023-01-122306/26/2023
More and more applications (apps) are entering vehicles. Customers would like to have in-car apps in their infotainment system, which they already use regularly on their smartphones. Other apps with new functionalities also inspire vehicle customers, but only as long as the customer can utilize them. To ensure customer satisfaction, it is important that these apps work and that failures are found and corrected as quickly as possible. Therefore, in-car apps also implicate requirements for future vehicle diagnostics. This is because current vehicle diagnostic methods are not designed for handling dynamic software failures of apps. Consequently, new diagnostic methods are needed to support the diagnosis of in-car apps. Log data is a central building block in software systems for system health management or troubleshooting. However, there are different types of log data and log environment setups depending on the underlying system or software platform. Depending on that, the creation of
Bickelhaupt, Sandra, Hahn, Michael, Nuding, Nikolai, Morozov, Andrey, Weyrich, Michael
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venkat, Aditya, SintzADMIn, Jeneane
Taxonomy Task Test 515-15-02-000603/22/2022
Taxonomy Task Test 5
Jacob, Sam Jacob, Mrosek, Markus, Othmer, Carsten, Köstler, Harald
Safety Alert Symbol for Agricultural, Construction, and Industrial EquipmentJ284_202110 (Current)10/01/2021
This SAE Recommended Practice covers the safety alert symbol intended for use on construction and industrial equipment as defined in SAE J1116 and on agricultural tractors and machinery as defined in ASABE S390.
HFTC2, Machine Displays and Symbols
CONNECTOR ACCESSORIES, ELECTRICAL, CAP, DUST, PLASTIC, CATEGORY 9AS85049/138B (Current)09/28/2021
AE-8C1 Connectors Committee
Crane Boom Hoist Disengaging DeviceJ999_202109 (Current)09/20/2021
This SAE Standard applies to cranes which are equipped to adjust the boom angle by hoisting and lowering means through rope reeving.
Cranes and Lifting Devices Committee
E-motor: source characterization and target prediction up to 4.5kHz using Component-based TPA2021-01-106008/31/2021
E-motors are characterized by their high-frequency content. This brings a new challenge for a technology such as Component-based Transfer Path Analysis. This paper will intend to show how this methodology has been applied for a wiper e-motor. The source is characterized in-situ by a set of blocked forces. A dedicated high-frequency shaker was developed to meet the required data quality. Afterward, the independent loads are converted to contact forces using a Frequency Based Substructuring technique, allowing assembly definition and target prediction on a different receiver. The substructuring technique is validated on a wide frequency range up to 8kHz. Finally, the predicted vibrations on the target assembly are compared to the measured one for validation purposes.
Ottaiano, Simona Anna, Corbeels, Patrick, Venugopal, Harikrishnan, Bianciardi, Fabio
Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (Enhanced License)AS6969B_DA08/05/2021
Enhanced License and UML Model for Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (AS6969) allowing for greater usage as outlined in the terms of the Enhanced License. Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (AS6969A) This data dictionary provides definitions for quantities commonly used in the command and control of cyber physical systems. It defines mathematical and logical terms, quantities, measurement units, reference systems, measurands, and measurements. It also defines common quantity modalities. The dictionary is structured to be convenient to data modelers. It is also extendable so that users can create their own quantity domains.
AS-4UCS Unmanned Systems Control Segment Architecture
CONNECTORS, ELECTRICAL, RECTANGULAR, RECEPTACLE, CRIMP CONTACTS (SINGLE INSERT, TYPE III, CLASS 1 (−65 TO +125 °C), SERIES 2, SHELL DESIGNATOR A)AS81659/61B (Current)07/30/2021
AE-8C1 Connectors Committee
Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) and Electric Vehicle (EV) TerminologyJ1715_202105 (Historical)05/28/2021
This SAE Information Report contains definitions for HEV, PHEV, and EV terminology. It is intended that this document be a resource for those writing other HEV, PHEV, and EV documents, specifications, standards, or recommended practices.
Hybrid - EV Committee
Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) and Electric Vehicle (EV) TerminologyJ1715_202105-TEST-REC (Historical)05/28/2021
This SAE Information Report contains definitions for HEV, PHEV, and EV terminology. It is intended that this document be a resource for those writing other HEV, PHEV, and EV documents, specifications, standards, or recommended practices.
Hybrid - EV Committee
Metal Powder Feedstock Size ClassificationsAMS7025 (Current)04/22/2021
This specification covers particle size classifications and corresponding particle size distribution requirements for metal powder feedstock conforming to a classification.
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
Metal Powder Feedstock Size ClassificationsAMS7025-TEST-REC (Historical)04/22/2021
This specification covers particle size classifications and corresponding particle size distribution requirements for metal powder feedstock conforming to a classification.
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
Development of a Non-Parametric Robot Calibration Method to Improve Drilling Accuracy2021-01-000303/02/2021
The drilling of large quantities of repetitive holes during the manufacture of large aerospace components is often considered a key limiting factor with regards to production efficiency. Whilst the desire within aerospace is to use relatively cheap six axis robot arms with drilling end effector units, their poor accuracy remains an obstacle. Robot calibration presents a way of improving robot accuracy such that aerospace drilling tolerances can be met, without permanently committing metrology equipment to an automation cell during production. Extensive research has been conducted into robot calibration by correcting the kinematic model, known as parametric calibration. This method is highly complex, and calibrates the robot across the entire working volume. This is often not required in industrial drilling applications, as drilling routines are often contained within a smaller volume of the robot reach. In this paper, a non-parametric method of robot calibration is proposed. This
Scraggs, Chris, Smith, Thomas, Sawyer, Daniela, Davis, Matthew
Bolts, Screws, and Nuts - External Wrenching UNJ Thread, Inch - Design StandardAS1132K (Current)03/01/2021
The scope of this SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) is to define the following dimensional requirements for double hexagon, hexagon head and tee headed bolts, and nuts with AS8879 UNJ inch series threads primarily for use in propulsion systems. Design requirements are based on UNJC threads for sizes 0.1640 and smaller and UNJF threads for sizes 0.1900 and larger.
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
Felling Head Terminology and NomenclatureJ1272_202103 (Current)03/01/2021
This SAE Standard is intended to describe the basic types of felling heads, including those with bunching capabilities, that are attachments to a self-propelled machine. Only the major components that are necessary to describe the functions of the felling head, and to apply the principles of the standard are included. Illustrations used are not intended to include all existing felling heads or to describe any particular manufacturer’s variation.
MTC4, Forestry and Logging Equipment
Bolts, Screws, and Nuts - External Wrenching UNJ Thread, Inch - Design StandardAS1132K-TEST-REC (Historical)03/01/2021
The scope of this SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) is to define the following dimensional requirements for double hexagon, hexagon head and tee headed bolts, and nuts with AS8879 UNJ inch series threads primarily for use in propulsion systems. Design requirements are based on UNJC threads for sizes 0.1640 and smaller and UNJF threads for sizes 0.1900 and larger.
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
REMOVAL TOOLS, CONNECTOR, ELECTRICAL CONTACT, (FORK TYPE, WRAP POST/CRIMP REMOVABLE) TYPE II, CLASS 1, COMPOSITION CAS81969/4A (Current)01/26/2021
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
INSTALLING AND REMOVAL TOOLS, CONNECTOR, ELECTRICAL CONTACT, TYPE I AND II, CLASS 2, COMPOSITION BAS81969/10A (Current)01/26/2021
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
REMOVAL TOOLS, CONNECTOR, ELECTRICAL CONTACT, (FORK TYPE, WRAPPOST/CRIMP REMOVABLE) TYPE II, CLASS 1, COMPOSITION CAS81969/11A (Current)01/26/2021
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Upper Coupler Kingpin - Commercial Trailers and SemitrailersJ700_202011 (Current)11/12/2020
This SAE Standard applies to upper coupler kingpins for commercial trailers and semitrailers in the unladen condition. See Figure 1. A 90 degree ± 1 degree angle extends (in all directions) from the centerline of the kingpin to the upper coupler plate surface within a 48.26 cm (19 inch) radius. The upper coupler plate surface should not bow downward (convex) more than 0.635 cm (1/4 inch) within a 48.26 cm (19 inch) radius or more than 0.3175 cm (1/8 inch) at a radius of 25.4 cm (10 inches) from the kingpin. The upper coupler plate surface should not bow upward (concave) more than 0.15875 cm (1/16 inch) within a 48.26 cm (19 inch) radius. (See Figure 2.)
Truck and Bus Total Vehicle Steering Committee
Nomenclature - Industrial and Agricultural MowersJ990_202011 (Current)11/03/2020
Illustrations used here are not intended to include all existing industrial or agricultural machines, or to be exactly descriptive of any particular machine. They have been picked to describe the principles to be used in applying this standard.
OPTC1, Personnel Protection (General)
Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (Enhanced License)AS6969A_DA (Historical)10/10/2020
Enhanced License and UML Model for Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (AS6969) allowing for greater usage as outlined in the terms of the Enhanced License. Data Dictionary for Quantities Used in Cyber Physical Systems (AS6969A) This data dictionary provides definitions for quantities commonly used in the command and control of cyber physical systems. It defines mathematical and logical terms, quantities, measurement units, reference systems, measurands, and measurements. It also defines common quantity modalities. The dictionary is structured to be convenient to data modelers. It is also extendable so that users can create their own quantity domains.
AS-4UCS Unmanned Systems Control Segment Architecture
Taxonomy and Guidelines for Design, Fabrication, and Installation of Brake NVH Fixtures for Inertia Dynamometer TestingJ3152_202005 (Current)05/22/2020
This IR defines a general taxonomy (classification) of the most common fixture designs. This IR provides guidelines for design, fabrication, and installation to improve the way tests repeat, reproduce, and correlate to vehicle conditions. The different types of fixtures in this IR (including their preloading) apply to single-ended brake inertia dynamometer NVH testing, with a frequency range between 1.25 kHz and 16 kHz (per SAE J2521). This IR applies to passenger car and light trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4536 kg or below. This IR does not address other sources of variability such as (a) test procedure itself, (b) environmental conditions, (c) dynamometer design, including its NVH test chamber, (d) data collection and data analysis methods, and (e) part-to-part, batch-to-batch, and design-level variation for brake and suspension hardware.
Brake NVH Standards Committee
Taxonomy and Guidelines for Design, Fabrication, and Installation of Brake NVH Fixtures for Inertia Dynamometer TestingJ3152_202005-TEST-REC (Historical)05/22/2020
This IR defines a general taxonomy (classification) of the most common fixture designs. This IR provides guidelines for design, fabrication, and installation to improve the way tests repeat, reproduce, and correlate to vehicle conditions. The different types of fixtures in this IR (including their preloading) apply to single-ended brake inertia dynamometer NVH testing, with a frequency range between 1.25 kHz and 16 kHz (per SAE J2521). This IR applies to passenger car and light trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating of 4536 kg or below. This IR does not address other sources of variability such as (a) test procedure itself, (b) environmental conditions, (c) dynamometer design, including its NVH test chamber, (d) data collection and data analysis methods, and (e) part-to-part, batch-to-batch, and design-level variation for brake and suspension hardware.
Brake NVH Standards Committee
Comprehensibility Testing for Pictogram-Based Aircraft Signs and PlacardsARP8996 (Current)04/27/2020
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) applies to comprehensibility testing of aircraft markings, signs, and placards that are intended to provide information to passengers, crew, or ground personnel exclusively through pictorial symbols (pictograms). Markings, signs, and placards where text is complemented by pictograms are not in the scope of this document. In case text and pictograms are used in a redundant manner, comprehension testing is not required.
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
Comprehensibility Testing for Pictogram-Based Aircraft Signs and PlacardsARP8996-TEST-REC (Historical)04/27/2020
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) applies to comprehensibility testing of aircraft markings, signs, and placards that are intended to provide information to passengers, crew, or ground personnel exclusively through pictorial symbols (pictograms). Markings, signs, and placards where text is complemented by pictograms are not in the scope of this document. In case text and pictograms are used in a redundant manner, comprehension testing is not required.
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
BAND INSTALLATION TOOL, HAND, ONE-STEP, FOR AS85049/128 CONNECTOR ACCESSORY CABLE SHIELD TERMINATING BANDSAS81306/1C (Current)04/22/2020
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
AVSC Best Practice for Describing an Operational Design Domain: Conceptual Framework and LexiconAVSC0000220200404/15/2020
An ADS-operated vehicle’s operational design domain (ODD) is defined by the manufacturer based on numerous factors. Research is underway at other organizations to define and organize ODD elements into taxonomies and other relational constructs. In order to enhance collaboration and communication between manufacturers and developers and transportation authorities, common terms and consistent frameworks are needed. The conceptual framework presented by Automated Vehicle Safety Consortium establishes a lexicon that can be used consistently by ADS developers and manufacturers responsible for defining their ADS ODD. A common framework and lexicon will reduce confusion, align expectations, and therefore build public trust, acceptance, and confidence. The guidance in this document is intended for: The technical community (e.g. manufacturers and developers) Public agencies (e.g. regulatory authorities) Infrastructure owner-operators The public This document, Best Practice for Describing an
Automated Vehicle Safety Consortium
What If the Speed Had Been Less? Causation in Time Limited and Distance Limited Hazards2020-01-088104/14/2020
With a path intrusion incident, it is almost always the case that the collision would have been avoided if the pedestrian had not run out, or if the vehicle on the minor road had stopped, or so on. However should the other party be thought to have been travelling at an excessive speed, often the reconstructionist is asked to make a calculation of what whether the collision would, at some alternative speed say equal to the speed limit, still have occurred. In that way causation is addressed. The paper distinguishes between those hazards which are distance limited and those which are time limited, giving definitions of the two types. Distance limited hazards are deterministic, but time limited hazards have a probabilistic basis. This difference has important implications for causation. For a hazard at a fixed distance, there is a well known formula for calculating whether the collision would have been avoided at a slower alternative speed. However a time limited hazard often has no clear
Searle, John
Nomenclature - Hydraulic BackhoesJ326_202003 (Current)03/04/2020
This SAE standard includes hydraulic backhoes which have no more than 190 degrees of rotational swing and are mounted on wheeled tractors and crawler tractors. Illustrations used are not intended to include all existing commercial machines or to be exact descriptions of any particular machine. The illustrations have been chosen to describe the principles to be used in applying this standard.
MTC1, Earthmoving Machinery
Internal Combustion Engines - Piston VocabularyJ2612_202002 (Current)02/18/2020
This SAE standard defines the most commonly used terms for pistons. These terms designate either types of pistons or certain characteristics and phenomena of pistons.
Piston and Ring Standards Committee
Cutting Edge - Double Bevel Cross SectionsJ738_202001 (Current)01/15/2020
This standard is for cutting edge sections typically used in earth-moving machinery defined in SAE J1116 and ISO 6165: a Scrapers as defined in ISO 7133. b Dozers as described in ISO 6747. c Loaders as described in ISO 7131. d Graders as described in ISO 7134. Hole spacing is defined ISO 7129. Hole conformation is defined in SAE J740.
MTC1, Earthmoving Machinery
Brake Pedal Feeling Comfort Analysis for Trucks with Pneumatic Brake System2019-01-214009/15/2019
The brake pedal is the brake system component that the driver fundamentally has contact and through its action wait the response of the whole system. Each OEM defines during vehicle conceptualization the behavior of brake pedal that characterizes the pedal feel that in general reflects not only the characteristic from that vehicle but also from the entire brand. Technically, the term known as Pedal Feel means the relation between the force applied on the pedal, the pedal travel and the deceleration achieved by the vehicle. Such relation curves are also analyzed in conjunction with objective analysis sheets where the vehicle brake behavior is analyzed in test track considering different deceleration conditions, force and pedal travel. On technical literature, it is possible to find some data and studies considering the hydraulic brakes behavior. However, for pneumatic brake systems, the pedal feel theoretical study is not usual, where is normally used for these developments, exclusively
Bolognesi Prado, Wesley, Iombriller, Silvia Faria, Silva, Marco Andre, Oliveira, Lázaro Renato
Charge Air Cooler Internal Cleanliness, Leakage, and NomenclatureJ1726_201909 (Current)09/05/2019
This SAE Recommended Practice provides test methods and criteria for evaluating the internal cleanliness and air leakage for engine charge air coolers. This SAE Recommended Practice also provides nomenclature and terminology in common use for engine charge air coolers, related charge air cooling system components, and charge air cooling system operational performance parameters.
Cooling Systems Standards Committee
Boss - Plug/Pin, Expansion Type Hole PreparationAIR3276 (Current)08/15/2019
E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
Gaining Approval for Seats with Integrated Electronics in Accordance with AC21-49 Option 7bAIR6448A (Current)08/07/2019
The primary purpose of this document is to provide roles, responsibilities and accountabilities to meet AC 21-49 Section 7.b ‘Type Certification using TSO-approved seat with electronic components defined in TSO design’. This document may be applied to all applicable seat TSOs (C39(), C127()…etc). The approval for the integration of the electronics will fall, in part or in full, under the type design authority of the Seat Installer rather than the Seat Supplier shipping the integrated seat. The defined responsibilities, areas of authority and accountability of each party, as well as necessary communication protocols, must ensure configuration management, design control and quality control. These definitions, controls and protocols are agreed (thru normal commerical agreements and binding contracts) and adhered to by all parties ensuring all parts in the supply chain remain approved (e.g. certified and conformed).
Aircraft SEAT Committee
Automated Object Detection in an ImageTBMG-3490808/01/2019
Recent developments in machine vision have demonstrated remarkable improvements in the ability of computers to properly identify objects in a viewing field. Most of these advances rely on color-texture analyses that require target objects to possess one or more highly distinctive, local features that can be used as distinguishing characteristics for a classification algorithm. Many objects, however, consist of materials that are widely prevalent across a variety of object categories. For example, many trees have leaves, many manmade objects are made of painted metal, and so forth, such that color-texture detectors configured/trained to identify leaves or painted metal are good for some categorizations, but not for others. Much less effort has been made to characterize objects based on shape, or the particular way the component features are arranged relative to one another in two-dimensional (2D) image space.
Data Dictionary for Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS)J2353_201906 (Current)06/11/2019
This SAE Recommended Practice provides a set of core data elements needed by information service providers for Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS). The data dictionary herein provides the foundation for ATIS message sets for all stages of travel (pre-trip and en route), all types of travelers (drivers, passengers), all categories of information, and all platforms for delivery of information (in-vehicle, portable devices, kiosks, etc.). The elements of this document are the basis for the SAE ATIS Message Set Standard J2354 and are entered into the SAE Data Registry for ITS wide coordination.
V2X Core Technical Committee
Messages for Handling Strings and Look-up Tables in ATIS StandardsJ2540_201906 (Current)06/11/2019
This SAE Standard defines methods and messages to efficiently translate sequences of text and other types of data into and out of indexed values and look-up tables for effective transmission. This document defines: a Methods and Data Elements for handling indexes and strings in ATIS applications and message sets b Message Sets to support the delivery and translations of tables used in such strings c Tables of Nationally standardized strings for use in ATIS message descriptions And examples of each in illustrative portions. While developed for ATIS use, the methods defined in this document are useful for any textual strings in any Telematics applications found both in Intelligent Vehicles and elsewhere.
V2X Core Technical Committee
Uncertainty of the Ice Particles Median Mass Diameters Retrieved from the HAIC-HIWC Dataset: A Study of the Influence of the Mass Retrieval Method2019-01-198306/10/2019
In response to the ice crystal icing hazard identified twenty years ago, aviation industry, regulation authorities, and research centers joined forces into the HAIC-HIWC international collaboration launched in 2012. Two flight campaigns were conducted in the high ice water content areas of tropical mesoscale convective systems in order to characterize this environment conducive to ice crystal icing. Statistics on cloud microphysical properties, such as Ice Water Content (IWC) or Mass Median Diameter (MMD), derived from the dataset of in situ measurements are now being used to support icing certification rulemaking and anti-icing systems design (engine and air data probe) activities. This technical paper focuses on methodological aspects of the derivation of MMD. MMD are estimated from PSD and IWC using a multistep process in which the mass retrieval method is a critical step. Complementary to previous studies reporting on MMD values calculated from the HAIC-HIWC dataset, this paper
Coutris, Pierre, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, Leroy, Delphine, Grandin, Alice, Dezitter, Fabien, Strapp, J. Walter
An Eulerian Approach with Mesh Adaptation for Highly Accurate 3D Droplet Dynamics Simulations2019-01-201206/10/2019
Two main approaches are available when studying droplet dynamics for in-flight icing simulations: the Lagrangian approach, in which each droplet trajectory is integrated until it impacts the vehicle under study or when it leaves it behind without impact, and the Eulerian approach, where the droplet dynamics is solved as a continuum. In both cases, the same momentum equations are solved. Each approach has its advantages. In 2D, the Lagrangian approach is easy to code and it is very efficient, particularly when used in combination with a panel method flow solver. However, it is a far less practical approach for 3D simulations, particularly on complex geometries, as it is not an easy task to accurately determine the droplet seeding region without a great number of droplet trajectories, dramatically increasing the computing cost. Converting the impact locations into a water collection distribution is also a complex task, since droplet trajectories in 3D can follow convoluted paths. One of
Pueyo, Alberto, Ozcer, Isik, Baruzzi, Guido
Extensive Correlation Study of Acoustic Trim Packages in Trimmed Body Modeling of an Automotive Vehicle2019-01-151106/05/2019
In the automotive sector, the structure borne noise generated by the engine and road-tire interactions is a major source of noise inside the passenger cavity. In order to increase the global acoustic comfort, predictive simulation models must be available in the design phase. The acoustic trims have a major impact on the noise level inside the car cavity. Although several publications for this kind of simulations can be found, an extensive correlation study with measurement is needed, in order to validate the modeling approaches. In this article, a detailed correlation study for a complete car is performed. The acoustic trim package of the measured car includes all acoustic trims, such as carpet, headliner, seats and firewall covers. The simulation methodology relies on the influence of the acoustic trim package on the car structure and acoustic cavities. The challenge lies in the definition of an efficient and accurate framework for acoustic trimmed bodies. Two different approaches to
Yoo, Ji Woo, Brandstetter, Markus, Jeong, ChanHee, Jacqmot, Jonathan, Chae, Ki-Sang
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