Browse Topic: Documentation

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Fuel Cell Vehicle TerminologyJ2574_202605 (Current)5/8/2026
This SAE Information Report contains definitions for hydrogen fuel cell powered vehicle terminology. It is intended that this document be a resource for those writing other hydrogen fuel cell vehicle documents, specifically, Standards or Recommended Practices.
Fuel Cell Standards Committee
Tube Fittings, Aerospace Fluid Systems, Separable, for 24 Degree Cone, General Specification, Metric (ISO 7169)1MA2005D (Current)5/8/2026
This document specifies performance and quality requirements for the qualification and manufacture of 24 degree cone fittings to ensure reliable performance in aircraft hydraulic systems.This document specifies baseline criteria for the design and manufacture of system fittings that are qualification tested on engines.This document covers fittings of temperature types and pressure classes specified in MA2001.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Master Complexity of Version Management in SDM by AI-Driven Assistance2026-26-04391/16/2026
Simulation-driven product development involves numerous CAE model iterations, where each version represents a critical difference. Usually, these multiple model versions are generated by hundreds of simulation engineers working in teams distributed across the globe, making functional collaboration a key for effective product development. To manage vast amounts of CAE data generated by engineers working simultaneously on a project, it is imperative to have a robust version management system to track changes in the CAE data. A robust version management is the backbone of an effective simulation data management (SDM) system. It involves capturing and documenting model changes at every design iteration. An accurate documentation of the model changes is crucial as it helps in understanding the model evolution and collaboration among engineers. However, documenting is usually considered a boring and tedious task by many engineers. This often leads to bad change documentation, which in turn
Thiele, Marko, Sharma, Harsh
From Vision to Reality - Automotive UI/UX Concept Development at Magna2026-26-04771/16/2026
The development of automotive UI/UX relies on the latest technologies and features in modern vehicle design, focusing on enhancing user interaction. The Magna UI/UX team uses innovative tools to streamline the development of user interaction features. Our process is accessible to all stakeholders and applicable to all UI/UX projects. With extensive experience working with both new entrants and traditional OEMs, we leverage diverse insights and methodologies to create state-of-the-art user experiences. Beginning with the UI strategy, Magna defines the overall display and interaction strategy based on the latest UI/UX trends and benchmarking criteria for user experience. In this phase, Magna uses online clickdummies to evaluate initial wireframes and sketches, documenting UI elements (buttons, typography, colors, icons) and simulating feature interactions like music control. To develop a UI/UX concept based on customer vision, Magna creates the base screen layout and operation flow
Lechner, Michael
Automotive Cybersecurity Incident Response (CSIR) Framework and Its Integration into OEM Processes2026-26-06131/16/2026
The exponential growth of connected and autonomous vehicles has significantly escalated cybersecurity threats, compelling automotive Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to adopt robust and structured Cybersecurity Incident Response (CSIR) capabilities. Current automotive cybersecurity regulations, such as AIS 189 in India and UNECE WP.29 globally, mandate precise frameworks for proactive threat detection, timely response, and comprehensive incident documentation. This research presents an innovative, comprehensive CSIR framework specifically tailored to integrate seamlessly into OEM cybersecurity management processes. Leveraging a combination of real-time monitoring systems, structured threat categorization methodologies, and integrated escalation and communication protocols, the proposed CSIR framework ensures efficient incident handling aligned with stringent regulatory compliance. The framework encompasses advanced methodologies including Vehicle Security Operations Center (VSOC
chaudhary lng, VIKASH, Desai, Manoj, Chatterjee, Avik, Chatterjee lng, Avik
SAE No. 2 Friction Test Machine µPVT TestJ2490_202511 (Current)11/25/2025
This SAE Recommended Practice is intended as the definition of a standard test, which may be subject to frequent change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This should be kept in mind when considering its use.The SAE No. 2 Friction Test Machine is used to evaluate the friction characteristics of automatic transmission plate clutches with automotive transmission fluids. It can also be used to conduct durability tests on wet friction systems.The specific purpose of this document is to define a µPVT Test for the evaluation of the variation of wet friction system performance as a function of speed, temperature, and pressure. This procedure is intended as a standard for both suppliers and end users.The only variables selected by the supplier or user of the friction system are:a. Friction materialb. Fluidc. Reaction platesThese three variables must be clearly identified when reporting the results of this test. If any of the test parameters or system hardware as described in
Automatic Transmission and Transaxle Committee
SAE No. 2 Friction Test Machine 6000 rpm Stepped Power TestJ2488_202511 (Current)11/25/2025
This SAE Recommended Practice is intended as the definition of a standard test, but may be subject to frequent change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This should be kept in mind when considering its use.The SAE No. 2 Friction Test Machine is used to evaluate the friction characteristics of automatic transmission plate clutches with automotive transmission fluids. It can also be used to conduct durability tests on wet friction systems.The specific purpose of this document is to define a 6000 rpm stepped power test for the evaluation of wet friction system performance variation as a function of power level. This procedure uses an initial engagement speed of 6000 rpm and is intended as a standard procedure for common use by both suppliers and end users.The only variables selected by the supplier or user of the friction system are:a. Friction materialb. Fluidc. Reaction platesThese three variables must be clearly identified when reporting the results of using this test
Automatic Transmission and Transaxle Committee
Verifying large alternate product code for an J document - J112425-2J_2112420000000000000000000000/2X_202511 (Current)11/24/2025
Verifying large alternate product code for an J document - J112425-2
Active Safety Systems Standards Committee
SAE No. 2 Friction Test Machine 3600 rpm Stepped Power TestJ2487_202511 (Current)11/21/2025
This SAE Recommended Practice is intended as the definition of a standard test, but may be subject to frequent change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This should be kept in mind when considering its use.The SAE No. 2 Friction Test Machine is used to evaluate the friction characteristics of automatic transmission plate clutches with automotive transmission fluids. It can also be used to conduct durability tests on wet friction systems.The specific purpose of this document is to define a 3600 rpm Stepped Power Test for the evaluation of wet friction system performance variation as a function of power level. This procedure uses an initial engagement speed of 3600 rpm and is intended as a standard procedure for common use by both suppliers and end users.The only variables selected by the supplier or user of the friction system are:a. Friction Materialb. Fluidc. Reaction PlatesThese three variables must be clearly identified when reporting the results of using this test
Automatic Transmission and Transaxle Committee
Diagnostic Trouble Code DefinitionsJ2012_202511 (Current)11/21/2025
This document supersedes SAE J2012 DEC2007, and is technically equivalent to ISO 15031-6:2010 with the exceptions described in 1.2. This document is intended to define the standardized Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC) that On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) systems in vehicles are required to report when malfunctions are detected. SAE J2012 may also be used for decoding of enhanced diagnostic DTCs and specifies the ranges reserved for vehicle manufacturer specific usage.
Vehicle E E System Diagnostic Standards Committee
Creating Operational Capability Through IntegrationF-0081-2025-01885/20/2025
This investigation reveals many DoD contractors do not treat integration as a stand-alone activity. Instead, integration is an inherent part of the development process. The contractors did not have a specific documented process for integration beyond calling out integration as an activity in the development process. Integration is an integrator unique step within the development process to meet functional and performance requirements. Identification of the interfaces and engineering to match the interfaces requires substantial individual expertise and heuristics for each integration effort resulting in inconsistent non-repeatable integrations. This increases risk, and limits third party integration effectiveness and utility. This paper identifies steps that can be taken to increase the speed and effectiveness of integration while decreasing the effort and dependency on individual expertise.
Padilla, Marcell
Optimizing Comprehension and Performance in Technical Documentation: Does Adding Multimedia to Written Instructions Help to Safely and Accurately Perform Maintenance Tasks?F-0081-2025-01445/20/2025
As part of a human factors research project aimed at optimizing technical documentation used in helicopter maintenance with multimedia elements, we compared different instruction formats to observe their effects on the performance of an assembly task. This task offers us the opportunity to test procedures that call for similar actions as a maintenance task (e.g., localization, action sequencing, assembly). Static (i.e., image and image with text) and dynamic instruction formats (i.e., video, video with text and video with audio) were compared to determine if dynamic formats allowed a better motor performance of the task for assembly reaction time (time needed to complete the assembly) and accuracy. We were also interested in how the use of the text instructions interacted with both visual dynamic and static instructions. Reaction times were recorded and measured with eye tracking data. Subjective data was collected in questionnaires during and after the experiment. Results showed
Faye, Myriam, Jahchan, Nataly, Condamines, Anne, Amadieu, Franck
TightGV6677_202501 (Current)1/17/2025
Scoop
Agricultural Tractor Standards Committee (ATSC)
Test document SW2-6715 1SW2-6715-1 (Current)1/15/2025
testing
A-20 Aircraft Lighting Steering Committee
Test TitleGV44556 (Historical)1/9/2025
Test Scope
Agricultural Tractor Standards Committee (ATSC)
Aviation Safety Expert Unites Industry to Safeguard Aviation Supply ChainTBMG-5212812/1/2024
In the summer of 2023, a receiving clerk in the procurement department of TAP Air Portugal, a Lisbon-based airline, made a curious discovery: A $65 engine part that should have appeared brandnew showed signs of significant wear. The clerk checked the documentation from the London-based parts supplier and noticed that the submitted documentation was also suspicious.
Unsteady Boundary Layer Transition Measurements on a Rotor in Forward FlightF-0074-2018-126925/7/2024
ABSTRACT A proof of concept test to measure the unsteady boundary layer transition locations on the lower surface of a Machscaled rotor in forward flight was performed during the Summer of 2017 in the NASA Langley 14- by 22-Foot Subsonic Tunnel. The transition locations were measured using high-speed infrared thermography with a rotating mirror assembly that could be remotely actuated to acquire data at several rotor azimuths. Data were acquired for eight unique rotor flight conditions for a range of advance ratios (μ=0:10 : 0:38), thrust coefficients (CT/α =0:04 : 0:12) and rotor shaft angles (αs = -6 deg : 0 deg). This paper presents the transition locations as a function of azimuth and radius for an advance ratio of, μ, of 0.30, and thrust coefficent, CT/α, of 0.08. At this condition, the lower surface is fully laminar on the retreating side and mostly turbulent on the advancing side except near the tip. The tip airfoils were greater than 60 percent laminar on the lower surface
Overmeyer, Austin, Heineck, J.T., Wolf, Christian
Controlled Production Quantity Release Applicability Determination Method2024-26-03551/16/2024
During product development or design change, the aim is to fully validate all potential issues. On programs with significant complexity, it is difficult or impossible to fully retire all combinations of risk factors even with comprehensive analysis and testing approaches. These complex projects have the highest risk to launching with hidden defects can result in high warranty costs and erosion of customer satisfaction. This paper discusses a conservative approach called Controlled Production Quantity Release (CPQR) to manage the risks of these complex releases or changes by presenting a decision framework executed by a cross-functional team to identify those complex releases that deserve the methodical and monitored approach necessary to manage risk. The purpose of this method is to gain early concurrence with the program team with documented decision criteria rather than relying on individual opinions. This paper focus on structured approach of determining the applicability criterion
Mohammed, Zubair, Freeland, James, Soma, Nagaraju, Quadri, Danishuddin S.F.
Do EVs Snore?2025-01-00745/5/2023
As EV and PHEV adoption continues to increase more people will have direct experiences with these quieter vehicles in their daily lives. Topics such as 'propulsion sound' via Active Sound Design (ASD) and bystander safety through Acoustic Vehicle Alerting Systems (AVAS) have been discussed widely for many, many years...but who is talking about Charging Noise? Charging noise is a less spoken about topic because most EV / PHEV owners will charge their vehicles at their home, in their garage or their driveway, overnight when they are sleeping. Because of that people do not think much about charging noise. But anyone who has plugged in their car overnight will tell you a strange cacophony of sounds come from the car...and some can be downright concerning. In this paper data from several production EVs were measured during their normal charging cycle. Binaural recordings made inside and outside the vehicle are analyzed using psychoacoustics metrics to see what sounds would cause the most
Marroquin, Marc, Bray, Wade
Cairene Car-Culture: How are Automobility and Social Behavior Linked to The Development of The Soundscape and Urban Fabric of Cairo.2025-01-00695/5/2023
Cairo’s soundscape has witnessed changes due to the ongoing urban structure developments that accommodate the number of vehicles passing through the city. The soundscape produced by this growing automobility is affected not only by vehicles but also by their owners' behavior. Cairenes use their cars as a communication tool and an extension of private space. By viewing the vehicle as a component of the soundscape as well as a space that filters it, this study examines the synergy between social behavior, automobility, urban structure, and their interdependent relationship on the soundscape of Cairo. The study responds to literature elaborating on acoustic ecology, car culture, urban structure, and social behavior. The methodology applied in this study follows practice-based phenomenological research while documenting and reflecting on car cultural practices in Cairo from an aural perspective. Grounded theory contextualizes the analysis of archived audio and video material, semi
Abd El Naby, Abla Mohamed
Effects on Motorcycle Dynamics Data Using Wheel Force Transducer Systems2025-01-00945/5/2023
Wheel Force Transducers (WFT) are precise and accurate measurement devices that seamlessly integrate into any vehicle. They can be applied in numerous vehicle applications for both on-road and in laboratory settings. The instrumentation requires replacing an OEM wheel with a custom WFT system which is specific to the wheel hub design. An ideal design will minimally impact a vehicle's dynamics, but the vehicle system is inherently modified to some extent from the weight of the measurement device. Research and technical documentation have been published which provide conclusions that reducing the unsprung mass reduces dynamic wheel load. However, there doesn’t appear to be clear compensation techniques for how a modified unsprung mass can be related to the original system, thus allowing the WFT signals to be more accurate to the OEM wheel forces. An experimental study was performed on a prototype motorcycle to better understand these differences. An instrumented “impact bump” acting as a
Frisco, Jacob, Rhudy, Scott, Larsen, William, Oosting, Nicholas
Design approach on magnetic speed reduction of bikes while turning2022-28-048011/18/2022
Turning two-wheelers (bikes) are, at times, risky and often disturbs the stability of the vehicle. The primary causes are excessive speed, severe acceleration, and over tilting. This work intends in making aid for a safer ride and improves turn ability. With the introduction of automatic speed reducers, the vehicle would be subjected to magnetic braking while making a turn. A Motion stabilizer (like Gimbals) is modeled in CATIA and fabricated using PVC material. This fabricated stabilizer is placed in the vehicle setup in between the arms which carry the magnet. Braking action is done automatically as the magnet gets closer to the rim while turning the setup. Three modes of operations such as test (i) under no load, no angle, (ii) under magnetic load at zero angles, and (iii) under magnetic load, at an angle on both lateral directions, have been tested. A spectrum analyzer has been used, which records the frequency correspondingly to the speed is calculated. The counterbalancing weight
S, Ragul
AS60600-699AR Amendment Record for Aerospace Standard No. AS60600-699AS60600AR-4 (Current)10/26/2022
No scope available.
Engine and Airframe Technical Standards Committee (TSC)
testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testauto testSAE-PP-066839/1/2022
test
venkat, Aditya, SintzADMIn, Jeneane
Field Safety Performance of Micro-mobility Devices2022-01-10313/29/2022
Micro-mobility devices, such as E-scooters and E-bikes, have become a prominent mode of transportation in urban environments. Even in a single location, a variety of suppliers, each with a different design, may be available for use. When new, the safety performance of the devices should be consistent for a given make, however, over time, braking performance may diminish. Acceleration characteristics may vary between suppliers, and could diminish over the life of the device, or possibly be dependent on the current state of charge of the device. Since the rider does not own or maintain the device, they would have limited understanding of the performance of a particular device in emergency conditions. A sample of publicly available E-scooters and E-bikes were tested to determine whether differences in acceleration and hard braking capabilities may be expected. The condition of the device tires and controls, and the battery state of charge, were inspected and documented. The findings are
Larson, Robert, Kuzel, Michael
Procedure for Visual Evaluation of Interior and Exterior Automotive TrimJ361_20211212/30/2021
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to parts and materials used in vehicle manufacture which are intended to be acceptable color matches to a specified standard. This document is intended for use with parts or materials which are opaque or nearly so. Materials covered by this document include topcoat paint finishes, interior soft trim, interior and exterior hard trim, and exterior film and flexible trim. This practice requires judgments by observers with a minimum of normal color vision and preferably superior as rated with the FM-100 Hue Test as specified in ASTM E1499, Guide for Selection, Evaluation, and Training of Observers.
Textile and Flexible Plastics Committee
Self-Propelled Sweepers and Scrubbers Tank and Hopper Capacity RatingJ1793_202111 (Current)11/9/2021
This SAE Standard applies to self-propelled sweepers and scrubbers as defined in SAE J2130-1 and J2130-2.
MTC2, Sweeper, Cleaner, and Machinery
Titles, SAE G-3 Committee Document, Selection ofARP1987B (Current)10/21/2021
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes the procedure for creating titles of G-3 Committee documents which will be published by the SAE Aerospace Organization. This standardization will avoid several different names describing the same item and will improve alphabetical listings of documents by subject.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Crane Boom Hoist Disengaging DeviceJ999_202109 (Current)9/20/2021
This SAE Standard applies to cranes which are equipped to adjust the boom angle by hoisting and lowering means through rope reeving.
Cranes and Lifting Devices Committee
Suitable Test Sizes for O-ring SpecificationsARP3050A (Current)9/8/2021
There are many tests that have been developed to characterize rubber O-rings. Many of these tests are independent of the size of the O-ring being tested. However, there are some tests, specifically, stress/strain properties, that are a function of the O-ring’s size. The purpose of this report is to provide guidelines for specifying O-rings that would be considered “suitable for testing” when writing O-ring material specifications.
AMS CE Elastomers Committee
Clamp, Loop Style, Cushioned, With Wedge, High Temperature, MetricMA2150/3A8/18/2021
SCOPE IS UNAVAILABLE.
G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
System Design Document Review Checklist - ARP4754A - AFuzionARP4754A_CK_0078/12/2021
CONNECTORS, ELECTRICAL, RECTANGULAR, RECEPTACLE, CRIMP CONTACTS (SINGLE INSERT, TYPE III, CLASS 1 (−65 TO +125 °C), SERIES 2, SHELL DESIGNATOR A)AS81659/61B (Current)7/30/2021
AE-8C1 Connectors Committee
GUIDANCE FOR DISTRIBUTED RADIO ARCHITECTURESARINC678 (Current)7/15/2021
The purpose of this document is to evaluate Communication, Navigation, and Surveillance (CNS) Distributed Radio architectures and the feasibility of distributing the RF and systems processing sections to ensure the following: Reduce cost of equipment Reduce Size, Weight, and Power (SWaP) Ease of aircraft integration Growth capability built into the design Maintain or improve system availability, reliability, and maintainability It provides a framework to determine whether it is feasible to develop ARINC Standards that support CNS distributed radio architectures.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
Personnel Protection - Compact Tool CarriersJ2752_202107 (Current)7/7/2021
This SAE Recommended Practice applies to compact tool carriers sometimes called, but not limited to mini-loaders, mini skid-steer loaders or compact utility loaders. Machines having a seated-operator position are excluded from this standard. However, certain attachments for a compact tool carrier may provide a seated-operator position for the operation of the attachment.
OPTC1, Personnel Protection (General)
Impact of Fog Particles on 1.55 μm Automotive LiDAR Sensor Performance: An Experimental Study in an Enclosed Chamber2021-01-00814/6/2021
To achieve full automation in self-driving vehicles, environmental perception sensing accuracy is critically important. However, ambient particles in adverse weather like foggy, rainy, or snowy conditions can significantly scatter the incident laser beam, and therefore contaminate the intensity and accuracy of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors. Especially compared to the rapidity of technology development in self-driving vehicles, there is a significant lack of documented research on LiDAR systems with wavelength longer than 1 μm for application in Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems. In this work, experimental studies were performed with a state-of-the-art 1.55 μm wavelength automotive-grade LiDAR system in a controlled laboratory fog chamber. The goal of the research is to correlate laser attenuation and the optical properties of fog particles. In this work, a thorough multistep procedure for LiDAR data analysis is presented including spatial averaging of the object
Zhan, Lu, Northrop, William F.
Validation of EEPROM Chip Removal and Reinstallation for Retrieval of Electronic Crash Data - Destructive and Non-Destructive Methods2021-01-09074/6/2021
As a result of trauma to the circuit board or other damage to an airbag control module (ACM), electronic crash data recorded onto a passenger vehicle’s electronically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) chip may be inaccessible by traditional imaging methods and techniques, such as through a diagnostic link connector (DLC) or accessing the data directly from the ACM. Despite the potential damage to the subject module, electronic crash data may still be present on the module’s EEPROM chip. This paper explores and validates a methodology for the removal and reinstallation of a subject EEPROM chip using an identical undamaged exemplar airbag control module and a non-destructive clip-assisted method to gain access to the subject electronic crash data. ACMs were obtained from a 2016 BMW 740i, 2015 Toyota Corolla, 2014 Nissan 370z, 2006 Lexus IS350, 2015 Maserati Ghibli, and 2017 Audi A4. Each module was imaged prior to the chip swap procedure. Each of the six EEPROM memory chips
Zeitler, Jason P., Palmer, Jacob, Smith, Connor
Felling Head Terminology and NomenclatureJ1272_202103 (Current)3/1/2021
This SAE Standard is intended to describe the basic types of felling heads, including those with bunching capabilities, that are attachments to a self-propelled machine. Only the major components that are necessary to describe the functions of the felling head, and to apply the principles of the standard are included. Illustrations used are not intended to include all existing felling heads or to describe any particular manufacturer’s variation.
MTC4, Forestry and Logging Equipment
REMOVAL TOOLS, CONNECTOR, ELECTRICAL CONTACT, (FORK TYPE, WRAP POST/CRIMP REMOVABLE) TYPE II, CLASS 1, COMPOSITION CAS81969/4A (Current)1/26/2021
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
INSTALLING AND REMOVAL TOOLS, CONNECTOR, ELECTRICAL CONTACT, TYPE I AND II, CLASS 2, COMPOSITION BAS81969/10A (Current)1/26/2021
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
REMOVAL TOOLS, CONNECTOR, ELECTRICAL CONTACT, (FORK TYPE, WRAPPOST/CRIMP REMOVABLE) TYPE II, CLASS 1, COMPOSITION CAS81969/11A (Current)1/26/2021
AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Upper Coupler Kingpin - Commercial Trailers and SemitrailersJ700_202011 (Current)11/12/2020
This SAE Standard applies to upper coupler kingpins for commercial trailers and semitrailers in the unladen condition. See Figure 1. A 90 degree ± 1 degree angle extends (in all directions) from the centerline of the kingpin to the upper coupler plate surface within a 48.26 cm (19 inch) radius. The upper coupler plate surface should not bow downward (convex) more than 0.635 cm (1/4 inch) within a 48.26 cm (19 inch) radius or more than 0.3175 cm (1/8 inch) at a radius of 25.4 cm (10 inches) from the kingpin. The upper coupler plate surface should not bow upward (concave) more than 0.15875 cm (1/16 inch) within a 48.26 cm (19 inch) radius. (See Figure 2.)
Truck and Bus Total Vehicle Steering Committee
Nomenclature - Industrial and Agricultural MowersJ990_202011 (Current)11/3/2020
Illustrations used here are not intended to include all existing industrial or agricultural machines, or to be exactly descriptive of any particular machine. They have been picked to describe the principles to be used in applying this standard.
OPTC1, Personnel Protection (General)
Is Architecture Measurable? Towards Creating, Managing, and Measuring Architecture and Resulting Product Line ImplementationsF-0076-2020-1635710/5/2020
This research sought to distill and define the fundamentals of system and software architecture analysis and form the basis by which a design can be tested and analyzed prior to its implementation. In short, the question "can a design be measured against the business-level objectives and quality-of-use architectural requirements. The research focuses on building a body of knowledge that supports an analysis, built on fundamentals which scales and can serve as the basis by which we can transform when and how architecture validation can occur. This research supports ongoing work towards developing a strategic comprehensive architecture approach and extends the analysis and documentation of the Key Business Drivers (KBDs) and architectural drivers supporting the efficient development and sustainment of interoperable aviation mission systems. A prototype process that leverages the discovered relationships and weights for use by current Architects and Senior Systems Engineers is shown
Hunt, Gordon, Wigginton, Scott, Jonas, Paul, Townsen, Ronald
Further Development of Particulate Sensors for Mobile Use with the Aid of a Circuit Board2020-01-163810/5/2020
In the last decade, pollution by particulate matter and its effect on human health has increasingly becoming the focus of public attention. In order to monitor and evaluate particulate pollution, expensive measuring stations were placed at traffic hotspots and other selected locations. The measuring devices often precisely record the particle concentration, but have disadvantages in mobility and for measurements in large-area due to their size and investment costs. A measurement with high temporal and spatial resolution is not possible with these stations. This paper presents a new type of mobile particulate sensor based on the Plantower PMS 7003 particle sensor. In addition to the Plantower sensor, a rechargeable battery and newly developed control electronics are also installed in the particulate sensor. Due to the small size and the low manufacturing costs of the measuring system, mobile usage in higher quantity is possible. In addition, the system can record the geographical
Sandgaard, Malte, Lehne-Wandrey, Guido, Otto, Johannes, Ostermeyer, Georg-Peter
Comparison of the Effects of Different Biofuels on the Oxidation Stability of a Hydrocarbon Fuel2020-01-21019/15/2020
In this work, the effects of the addition of biofuels belonging to different chemical families on the oxidation stability of a conventional fuel surrogate (n-decane) have been investigated. Experiments have been performed in a PetroOxy apparatus, which is one of the references Rapid Small Scale Oxidation Test of the ASTM 7545 methods. When the pressure in the cell of the device decreases by 10% of the maximum pressure recorded, the time measured to reach this target value defines the Induction Period (IP). IP constitutes a quantitative measure of the oxidation stability of the fuel. In addition to the IP measurements for each biofuel / hydrocarbon fuel blend, organic peroxides produced in the liquid sample were quantified at the IP, using iodometric titration and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. Different oxygenated biofuels have been studied in this work: diethyl ether, n-butanol, and cyclopentanone. Cyclohexane addition has also been considered to probe the effects of a non
El-Sayah, Zaki, Glaude, Pierre-Alexandre, Fournet, René, Sirjean, Baptiste
Determination of Kinematic Parameters for the Combustion of Jatropha Based Bio-Diesel2020-01-21489/15/2020
Laminar burning velocity is a fundamental measurement describing how a flame propagates into quiescent unburned mixture ahead of the flame at a specified pressure and temperature. Laminar burning velocity of bio-diesel air mixture has been studied in a spherical bomb, using the pressure - time records. Initial pressure, temperature is varied to cover a range from 1 bar - 4 bar and 443K-523K respectively. The range of measurements covered the equivalence ratio from 0.8 to 1.2. Pressure-time records have been used to calculate the flame velocity, burned gas fraction, flame position etc., using a simplified, two zone thermodynamic model, assuming equilibrium composition and homogenous mixture for the burned gases. It is also assumed frozen composition and isentropic compression for the unburned mixture. For each experimental run, instantaneous burning velocities are calculated in the range of 1.5 P0 to 0.75 Pmax and the laminar burning velocity values between the burned mass fraction of
Nain, Ajay
The Use of a Low Frequency Vibration Signal in Detecting the Misfire of a Cylinder of an Aircraft Piston Engine2020-01-20239/15/2020
The following article describes the low frequency vibration analysis of aircraft piston engine Rotax 912 ULS. The results are based on the vibration signal made by the engine in the frequency range up to 400 Hz measured on the engine block in three axes. The aim of the research was to determine the method of detecting the misfire of individual cylinders based on the power spectrum of the selected frequencies analysis. Frequencies resulting from the periodicity of engine operation related to the frequency of the work cycle, rotational speed and ignition frequency were considered for the analysis. The tests were carried out in one point of operation. The highest levels of changes were recorded in the Y axis - the axis of piston movement. It was shown that the vibration level changes after switching off one of the cylinders. An indicator describing the vibration level was developed based on the value of amplitude of the power spectrum of vibrations two selected frequencies and it was
Czarnigowski, Jacek Andrzej, Jaklinski, Piotr, Ścisłowski, Karol, Rękas, Daniel, Skiba, Krzysztof
INDUSTRY GUIDE FOR COMPONENT TEST DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENTARINC625-4 (Current)7/27/2020
This standard provides guidance to those who develop avionics test programs and the source documentation on which they are based. This includes guidelines for all steps and phases within the TPS life cycle.
Avionics Maintenance Committee
VHF DIGITAL LINK (VDL) MODE 2 IMPLEMENTATION PROVISIONSARINC631-8 (Current)7/15/2020
This document describes the functions to be performed by airborne and ground components of the VDLM2 to successfully transfer messages from VHF ground networks to avionics systems on aircraft and vice versa where the data are encoded in a code and byte independent format. The compatibility of VDLM2 with OSI is established by defining a set of services and protocols that are in accordance with the OSI basic reference model. The compatibility with the ATN protocols is achieved by defining a set of interfaces between the VDLM2 subnetwork protocol specification and the Mobile Subnetwork Dependent Convergence Function (MSNDCF). The SNDCF is defined in the ICAO ATN SARPs.
Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee
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