Browse Topic: Vehicle accessibility

Items (30)
Find
Making a Great Cardio Product Even Better: The Next-Generation Zio Heart PatchTBMG-357791/1/2020
Nearly half of all adults in the United States have some type of cardiovascular disease. This group of over 121 million people are often diagnosed with potential arrhythmias but physicians need to be able to diagnose them quickly and efficiently to ultimately save lives. One company is redefining the way cardiac arrhythmias are clinically diagnosed to help physicians do just that. The new device from iRhythm “combines wearable biosensor devices worn for up to 14 days and cloud-based data analytics with powerful proprietary algorithms that distill data from millions of heartbeats into clinically actionable information,” the company says.
Innovators Recognized for Creating the Future 2019TBMG-3572112/1/2019
The Create the Future Design Contest was launched in 2002 to help stimulate and reward engineering innovation. In the past 17 years, the annual contest has drawn more than 14,000 product design ideas from engineers, students, and entrepreneurs worldwide.
Identifying Automated Driving Systems-Dedicated Vehicles (ADS-DVs) Passenger Issues for Persons with DisabilitiesJ3171_201911 (Current)11/19/2019
It is expected that Level 4 and 5 automated driving systems-dedicated vehicles (ADS-DVs) will eventually enable persons to travel at will who are otherwise unable to obtain a driver's license for a conventional vehicle, namely, persons with certain visual, cognitive, and/or physical impairments. This information report focuses on these disabilities, but also provides guidance for those with other disabilities. This report is limited to fleet operated on-demand shared mobility scenarios, as this is widely considered to be the first way people will be able to interact with ADS-DVs. To be more specific, this report does not address fixed route transit services or private vehicle ownership. Similarly, this report is focused on road-worthy vehicles; not scooters, golf carts, etc. Lastly, this report does not address the design of chair lifts, ramps, or securements for persons who use wheeled mobility devices (WHMD) (e.g., wheelchair, electric cart, etc.), as these matters are addressed by other committees within SAE International.
On-Road Automated Driving (ORAD) committee
2019 'Create the Future' Consumer Products Category Winner: LivoxTBMG-3546611/1/2019
Device Assesses and Monitors Lymphedema NoninvasivelyTBMG-3344912/1/2018
Lymphedema is the swelling that generally occurs in the arms or legs caused by the removal of or damage to lymph nodes as a part of cancer treatment. Treating it at the earliest possible stage is the best way to manage the condition and prevent it from leading to pain, recurrent infection, reduced mobility, and impaired function.
In-Wheel Suspension on SoftWheels Provides Smooth Ride for Wheelchair UsersTBMG-324518/1/2018
Daniel Barel's initial objective was straightforward. He wanted to make life more comfortable for people who are confined to wheelchairs. Curbs, different surfaces, and the energy required to propel a wheelchair took a tremendous toll on one of Barel's friends, who had tried his own hand at an improvised solution for the discomfort.
The Ingress and Egress Strategies of Wheelchair Users Transferring Into and Out of Two Sedans2018-01-13214/3/2018
The ability to independently transfer into and out of a vehicle is essential for many wheelchair users to achieve driving independence. The purpose of the current study is to build upon the previous exploratory study that investigated the transfer strategies of wheelchair users by observing YouTube videos. This observational study videotaped five wheelchair users transferring from their wheelchairs into two research vehicles, a small and mid-size sedan that were equipped with a 50mm grid. The goal of this study was to use these videos and vehicle grids to precisely identify ingress and egress motions as well as “touch points” in a controlled setting with a small sample of five male wheelchair users. Using the videos from multiple different camera perspectives, the participants’ ingress and egress transfers were coded, documenting the touch points and step-by-step action sequences. The locations of touch points and lines representing the participant’s actions were plotted in a CAD model of each vehicle. Results indicate that drivers tend to transfer using one of two primary techniques, hand-first or foot-first, and that clusters of touch points are found primarily on the driver’s seat and the steering wheel of the vehicle. The strategies used and touch point locations for ingress and egress were very similar between participants; however, fewer drivers used the steering wheel for egress transfers than for ingress transfers. This observational study is the next step to identify specific touch points and precise strategies of drivers when transferring from their own wheelchair into the driver’s seats of two sedans and vice versa.
Schaupp, Gregory, Brooks, Johnell O., Jenkins, Casey, Seeanner, Julia, Truesdail, Constance
SAE STANDARDS NEWS17AUTP10_0510/1/2017
Mobility for everyone: Automated Driving Systems More than 1 billion people-about 15% of the world's population-have some form of disability. Many of them are homebound due to lack of personal mobility options. But a new type of specialized vehicle under development, operating on SAE Levels 4 and 5 autonomy, has the potential to deliver life-altering mobility for those with disabilities, including those who are unable to obtain a driver's license. OEMs and technology suppliers are moving swiftly to develop and deploy ADS-DVs-fully road-legal Automated Driving System Dedicated Vehicles-for those who can drive themselves as well as for transportation service providers. Their aim is to offer less expensive, more accessible and better-performing alternatives to the current mix of aftermarket-modified vehicles. Upgrading a car or truck with controls and other equipment for disabled-driver use in the U.S., for example, can cost up to $80,000 beyond the purchase price of the base vehicle.
Shuttleworth, Jennifer
Wheelchair Users’ Ingress/Egress Strategies While Transferring Into and Out of a Vehicle2016-01-14334/5/2016
The ability to independently transfer into and out of a vehicle is essential for many wheelchair users to achieve driving independence. This paper presents the results of an exploratory study that investigated the transfer strategies of wheelchair users who drive from their driver’s seat and not from their wheelchair. The goal of this study was to identify typical ingress and egress motions as well as “touch points” of wheelchair users transferring into and out of the driver’s seat. While motion databases exist for the ingress and egress of able-bodied drivers, this study provides insight on drivers with physical disabilities. Twenty-five YouTube videos of wheelchair users who transferred into and out of their own sedans were analyzed. The locations where the drivers’ hands, feet, and hips interacted with the vehicle, as well as the actions of the drivers while transferring from their wheelchair into the driver’s seat and then transferring from the driver’s seat into their wheelchair were recorded. Action sequences and wheelchair and vehicle touch points were plotted in CAD. Results indicate that drivers tend to transfer using one of two primary techniques, hand-first or foot-first, and that clusters of touch points are mainly found on the driver’s seat and the steering wheel of the vehicle. The strategies used and touch point locations for ingress and egress were very similar. Knowledge gained in this study may impact future vehicle design, making vehicles easier to access for drivers with and without disabilities.
Schaupp, Gregory, Seeanner, Julia, Jenkins, Casey, Manganelli, Joseph, Hennessy, Sarah, Truesdail, Constance, Swift, Lindsay, Venhovens, Paul, Brooks, Johnell
Moving Ahead With Eye PowerTBMG-89411/1/2011
Eye trackers have literally opened up the world to many disabled people who suffer from limited movement and speech. The sophisticated devices track eye movements — distinguishing the viewer’s precise gazepoint at a computer screen — enabling communication and environmental control through an array of interface tools. For example, a man whose motor control is limited to his eyes can write a regular newspaper column, and a quadriplegic girl can attend school and participate in class with the help of an eye tracker.
Dynamic Analysis of Car Ingress/Egress Movement: an Experimental Protocol and Preliminary Results2009-01-23096/9/2009
This paper focuses on full body dynamical analysis of car ingress/egress motion. It aims at proposing an experimental protocol adapted for analysing joint loads using inverse dynamics. Two preliminary studies were first performed in order to 1/ define the main driver/car interactions so as to allow measuring the contact forces at all possible contact zones and 2/ identify the design parameters that mainly influence the discomfort. In order to verify the feasibility of the protocol, a laboratory study was carried out, during which two subjects tested two car configurations. The experimental equipment was composed of a variable car mock-up, an optoelectronic motion tracking system, two 6D-force plates installed on the ground next to the doorframe and on the car floor, a 6D-Force sensor between the steering wheel and the steering column, and two pressure maps on the seat. Motions were reconstructed from measured surface markers trajectories using inverse kinematics. Joint loads were calculated by an inverse dynamic approach using a recursive Newton-Euler procedure. The validation of the computing method and the relevance of a dynamic approach are also discussed.
Causse, Julien, Chateauroux, Elodie, Monnier, Gilles, Wang, Xuguang, Denninger, Lisa
Making FlexRay a Reality in a Premium Car2008-21-002310/20/2008
In this paper, we present some of the main tasks that have to be addressed and solved for FlexRay to become a reality in series production at Audi. The results will be used for future generations of vehicles in the Volkswagen Group. The methods established and products developed build the base for Audi's FlexRay series development.
Kötz, Jens, Poledna, Stefan
Articular Efforts of a Disabled Subject during an Automobile Vehicle Accessibility Movement - Constructing a Discomfort Index2007-01-24626/12/2007
Vehicle accessibility movement is an important factor for automobile customers, particularly if they are eldery or have locomotor dysfunction. The objective of this work is to propose a discomfort evaluation index based on the articular torques. This paper is interested in the efforts developed within the lower limbs articulations of a disabled subject during the ingress phase. The disability of the subject is characterized by the isokinetic test. The proposed index is confirmed by the subjective evaluation. This was an initial study, in the future we wish to generalize our index.
Debril, J-F., Menceur, M-O. Ait El, Pudlo, P., Lepoutre, F-X., Gorce, P.
Predicting Force-Exertion Postures from Task Variables2007-01-24806/12/2007
Accurate representation of working postures is critical for ergonomic assessments with digital human models because posture has a dominant effect on analysis outcomes. Most current digital human modeling tools require manual manipulation of the digital human to simulate force-exertion postures or rely on optimization procedures that have not been validated. Automated posture prediction based on human data would improve the accuracy and repeatability of analyses. The effects of hand force location, magnitude, and direction on whole-body posture for standing tasks were quantified in a motion-capture study of 20 men and women with widely varying body size. A statistical analysis demonstrated that postural variables critical for the assessment of body loads can be predicted from the characteristics of the worker and task.
Hoffman, Suzanne G., Reed, Matthew P., Chaffin, Don B.
A Database of Ingress / Egress Motions of Elderly People2007-01-24936/12/2007
HANDIMAN project aims at collection data and developing a computer aided design tool that helps the designers to adapt car design to the needs of elderly and impaired people when getting in and out of a car. Healthy young people, elderly people and people with hip or/and knee prostheses participated in the experiments. For elderly subjects and those with prostheses, several clinical tests were carried out for characterizing their joint mobilities and physical capacities. Ingress / egress motions were captured for four different types of car. According to individual characteristics and motion control strategies, a motion database will be developed. With help of recently developed case based motion simulation approach, this motion database can be used to simulate new car configurations within the scope covered by the database. The aim of this paper is to present the collected data and how we are going to structure them to simulate ingress / egress motions. Only the motion database of the elderly people will be presented.
Chateauroux, Elodie, Wang, Xuguang, Trasbot, Jules
Self Contained Atmospheric Protective Ensemble (SCAPE) Suits Redesign and Implementation at Kennedy Space Center2005-01-29597/11/2005
The Self Contained Atmospheric Protective Ensemble (SCAPE) suits, worn at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) have been updated from the original 1970's design. The suits were renamed Propellant Handlers Ensemble (PHE) but are still commonly referred to as SCAPE. Several modifications to the suit were done over the last 20 years to improve the design for operational use. However, anthropometric changes in the user population over time have not been addressed. The following study addressed anthropometric concerns in the current SCAPE population. It was found that all suits had at least one area in which the recommended upper limit was exceeded by technicians. The most common areas to exceed the upper limit were: waist circumference, chest circumference and upper thigh circumference. Forearm circumference posed the least concern unless using long gauntlet glove which cause the twist lock ring to be located at the forearm rather than the wrist.
Mock, Jessica, Miller, Darcy
Designing Universally: Integration of CAD, Motion Capture and DHM to Simulate Wheelchair Users in a Retail Checkout Station2005-01-27206/14/2005
When identifying potential areas for workspace improvements, people with disabilities should be incorporated into the design process. The purpose of this investigation was to assess current digital human modeling (DHM) techniques for the future analysis of an accessible retail environment. Two approaches were examined: manipulating mannequins in current DHM software, and combining 3D visualization software with motion capture technology. Simulations of a standing salesperson and a customer using a wheelchair in a retail checkout station were created. The latter simulation was incorporated into a game engine environment where user-directed movement and interference detection are possible. Our hope is that this exploration will promote the future development of manikins with disabilities and virtual reality training for people with disabilities.
Quick, Jason C., Sundaram, C. M., Shaw, Jonathan M.
Digital Human Modeling and Measurement Considerations for Wheeled Mobility Device Users2004-01-21356/15/2004
Three-dimensional landmark delimitations (3DLD) for wheeled mobility users are outlined. A subset of 3DLD definitions is given. Each 3DLD includes a rationale for inclusion in data collection and suggested capturing techniques for the digital human modeling of wheeled mobility users. Structural and functional protocols have been developed for these 3DLD and serve as the basis for a large-scale anthropometric study of wheeled mobility users. This paper focuses on a few key issues in the development of the wheeled mobility user anthropometric protocols such as measurement consistency and rationale for landmarks for use in universal design. The benefits to this approach with comparisons to existing approaches will be discussed.
Feathers, David J.
Adapting Vehicles for the Disabled Driver2002-01-20827/9/2002
The paper reviews the current technologies employed to assist a person with a disability to drive a car and meet the legislative requirements to be able to do so. The paper examines how these assistive technologies are used in three specific areas: Access systems Primary controls Secondary controls The paper also reviews safety implications involved with adaptations and also where there may be conflicts between systems fitted as standard to the car and the adaptations.
Elvin, Dave, Gambrell, Paul
Cabin Accommodations for Passengers with Ambulatory Disabilities Transport Category AircraftARP4387 (Historical)9/29/1992
S-9B Cabin Interiors and Furnishings Committee
A Systems Approach to the Design of Licensed Vehicle Driving Controls for Severely Disabled Drivers85166710/1/1985
Driving systems for the handicapped have historically been bolt on hand devices aimed largely at the paraplegic. In recent years, attention has been given to systems which permit the more severely disabled to drive. These also have been bolt on devices to a large extent. This paper describes a systems approach based on an analysis of the residual effort levels and range of motion of the severely handicapped.
Scott, Charles M.
Access Systems for Off-Road MachinesJ185_198508 (Historical)8/1/1985
Minimum criteria are provided for steps, stairways, ladders, walkways, platforms, handrails, handholds, guardrails, and entrance openings which permit ingress to and egress from operator, inspection, maintenance or service platforms on off-road work machines parked in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. This SAE Recommended Practice pertains to off-road self-propelled work machines used in construction, general purpose industrial, agricultural (agricultural tractors only), forestry and specialized mining machinery categories as defined in SAE J1116 JUN86. It also pertains to specialized off-road machines used in mining such as shovels, draglines, and drills not identified in SAE J1116 JUN86. The minimum criteria established herein is based on one unladen person using the access system at any one time.
HFTC1, Controls, Visibility, Anthropometrics, Accessibility
Car Controls for Physically Handicapped Drivers8560371/1/1985
Many physically handicapped drivers have difficulties in using ordinary car controls, and modifications need to be made to their vehicles. A review of the types of adaptations and equipment that are available for this in Europe has identified the principal aspects that need to be considered in their design. For safety and ease of use, it is important to match the characteristics of a control conversion to the driver's capabilities, taking into account the location and mode of operation of the control, together with the operating forces and the range of movement. Many of these adaptations are highly individual, and it is also important to encourage innovation and flexibility in design to increase the possibilities for severely disabled people to obtain the mobility accepted as the norm by the rest of the population. Modern technology permits the use of sophisticated control systems, and a high degree of power assistance can be provided on steering and brakes. This raises problems such as determining the appropriate degree of feedback or “feel” on the steering wheel for drivers who have little strength in their arms. More research is needed into drivers' responses using these types of controls. In more radical conversions, such as remote steering, there may be a choice of steering characteristic, and this also needs further study.
Haslegrave, Christine M.
Access Systems for Off-Road MachinesJ185_198106 (Historical)6/1/1981
Minimum criteria are provided for steps, stairways, ladders, walkways, platforms, handrails, handholds, guardrails, and entrance openings which permit ingress to and egress from operator, inspection, maintenance or service platforms on off-road work machines parked in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. This SAE Recommended Practice pertains to off-road self-propelled work machines used in construction, general purpose industrial, agricultural (agricultural tractors only), forestry and specialized mining machinery categories as defined in SAE J1116 JUN86. It also pertains to specialized off-road machines used in mining such as shovels, draglines, and drills not identified in SAE J1116 JUN86. The minimum criteria established herein is based on one unladen person using the access system at any one time.
HFTC1, Controls, Visibility, Anthropometrics, Accessibility
Literacy–A Human Factor in Driving Performance8003852/1/1980
Literate and illiterate drivers were compared on the basis of their driving histories and characteristics of their crashes. Illiterate drivers had significantly more crashes and convictions than the general driving public. When compared to matched control drivers, illiterate drivers still had more convictions and crashes. Their crashes tended to be in older vehicles that were more likely to have reported defects. They were also more likely to be driving trucks. Recommendations are presented for a comprehensive coordinated approach to encouraging acquisition of literacy skills which in turn may be reflected in improved driving performance.
Waller, Patricia F., Hall, Robert G.
Advanced Concepts In Automobile Driver Controls7304722/1/1973
Finger operated driver controls which connect directly to the carburetor and power brake servo valve offer driving ability to the handicapped not able to operate conventional hand controls. Mechanical servo connections eliminate the need for pushrod and lever connections to the foot pedals. Use of a set of control modules with the direct connections offers all drivers a safe and versatile control system requiring much less effort and range of motion. Safety results from smooth positive control action and from an auxiliary power backup system. Versatility results from the direct connections and low effort and travel required by this new system. Optimum “feel” is obtained by proper combination of the force and displacement feedback loops built into the system connections. Addition of optional modules for control of lights, wipers, seats, etc., enable this modular concept to offer completely independent automobile travel to handicapped people previously unable to drive an automobile.
HARDEN, DAVID H., TENNISWOOD, DAVID M.
Complete Single-Footed Automobile Controller7304702/1/1973
The control logic of a single-footed automobile controller is described. Intended for use by handicapped drivers, the controller can control the transmission control sequence, turn signals, steering wheel, brakes, horn, etc. The single-footed controller was developed basically for the amputee with one good leg. The mechanics and logic of the SFC can be modified into several types of “lap board” controls for use by paraplegics or quadriplegics.
Mayyasi, A. M., Pulley, P. E., Swarts, A. E.
The Handicapped and the Driving Task7304672/1/1973
Handicapped people can be taught to drive. This paper stresses the “family car” concept. If possible, the car should be adapted with special controls for the handicapped that do not preclude the car being driven by the able-bodied family members. Considerable attention is given to existing optional equipment that will assist the handicapped in performing the driving task. The ultimate goal for the handicapped is complete independence: enter the car, perform the driving task, and exit the car unassisted.
Rhoads, Milton D.
Mobility Aids for the Spinal Cord Injury Patient7304712/1/1973
Some of the mobility problems faced by the spinal cord injury patient are presented in this paper. Existing automobile hand controls for the handicapped are discussed and current efforts at evaluation and standardization of this equipment are described. Design constraints are outlined for the development of new equipment to allow the more severely handicapped to drive.
Newell, P. H., Hyman, W. A., Krouskop, T. A., McDermott,, M.
Access Systems for Off-Road MachinesJ185_197007 (Historical)7/1/1970
Minimum criteria are provided for steps, stairways, ladders, walkways, platforms, handrails, handholds, guardrails, and entrance openings which permit ingress to and egress from operator, inspection, maintenance or service platforms on off-road work machines parked in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. This SAE Recommended Practice pertains to off-road self-propelled work machines used in construction, general purpose industrial, agricultural (agricultural tractors only), forestry and specialized mining machinery categories as defined in SAE J1116 JUN86. It also pertains to specialized off-road machines used in mining such as shovels, draglines, and drills not identified in SAE J1116 JUN86. The minimum criteria established herein is based on one unladen person using the access system at any one time.
HFTC1, Controls, Visibility, Anthropometrics, Accessibility
Items per page:
1 – 30 of 30