Browse Topic: Light rail systems

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ITIS Phrase Lists (International Traveler Information Systems)J2540/2_202012 (Current)12/6/2020
This standard provides a table of textual messages meeting the requirements for expressing International Traveler Information Systems (ITIS) phrases commonly used in the ITS industry. The tables provided herein follow the rules of SAE J2540 and therefore allow a local representation in various different languages, media expressions, etc., to allow true international use of these phrases. The phrases are predominantly intended for use in the description of traffic-related events of interest to travelers and other traffic practitioners. Other phrases exist for other specific specialty areas of ITS, and all such phrases follow a set of encoding and decoding rules outlined in SAE J2540 to ensure that the use of these phrases in messages remain interoperable between disparate types of user equipment. Implementers are cautioned to obtain the most recent set of tables by means of the ITS data registry, a process which involves SAE and other standards-setting organizations, and which is intended to maintain and enhance the level of harmonization among ITS standards set by each of the organizations. This standard defines the normative index values to be used to provide phrases needed by ITS practitioners. This standard provides non-normative textual phrases which MAY be used by implementers to ensure intelligible results. This standard follows the formats and rules established in SAE J2540 in the expressions, manipulations, and use of such tables. It should be pointed out that within the rules established by this standard, a variety of final tables are all considered “conformant” with the standard, and may vary as fits the needs of implementers.
V2X Core Technical Committee
Interior Noise Design of a Light Rail Vehicle Using Statistical Energy Analysis2015-01-23006/15/2015
This paper addresses the NVH design of a light rail vehicle whose maximum allowable interior SPL levels at certain speeds are regulated and may vary between countries, states, and cities. The objective of this study was to predict sound pressure levels (SPL) at several interior locations across a wide range of frequencies and estimate if the current design configuration will meet the noise level limits. Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) was used to predict interior SPL and to understand and rank the various noise contribution paths and give a better understanding of the physics of transmission and what types of design changes are most effective to reduce the overall interior SPL to meet targets. A typical light rail vehicle is composed of a frame-like structure covered by lightweight panels and with interior panels that are increasingly made from composites, sandwich, laminated, or honeycomb materials or extruded panels. These lightweight structures made from materials that have previously been used primarily in aerospace applications have modal characteristics and transmission properties that require more advanced modeling than for simpler monolithic panels. Evaluation of the dominant noise transmission paths from the dominant sources allows sensitivity studies to evaluate which noise paths are the best candidates for improvement to overall vehicle NVH and which parts may be candidates for cost and weight reduction without significant degradation of the acoustic performance. This paper describes the motivation for this study and the details of the light rail vehicle construction. The SEA modeling approach is discussed, including the modeling of the structures and the main contributing sources. The contribution path ranking and the interior SPL predicted by the SEA model at several target locations are presented and compared to measured interior SPL data. Conclusions about the results and recommendations for future work are given.
Fiedler, Robert, Musser, Chadwyck, Cuchý, Petr
Products of TomorrowTBMG-195265/1/2014
The technologies NASA develops don’t just blast off into space. They also improve our lives here on Earth. Life-saving search-and-rescue tools, implantable medical devices, advances in commercial aircraft safety, increased accuracy in weather forecasting, and the miniature cameras in our cellphones are just some of the examples of NASA-developed technology used in products today.
ITIS Phrase Lists (International Traveler Information Systems)J2540/2_200911 (Historical)11/19/2009
This standard provides a table of textual messages meeting the requirements for expressing "International Traveler Information Systems" (ITIS) phrases commonly used in the ITS industry. The tables provided herein follow the rules of SAE J2540 and therefore allow a local representation in various different languages, media expressions etc… to allow true international use of these phrases. The phrases are predominantly intended for use in the description of traffic related events of interest to travelers and other traffic practitioners. Other phrases exit for other specific specialty areas of ITS, and all such phrases follow a set of encoding and decoding rules outlined in SAE J2540 to ensure that the use of these phrases in messages remain interoperable between disparate types of user equipment. Implementers are cautioned to obtain the most recent set of tables by means of the ITS data registry, a process which involves the SAE and other standards setting organizations and which is intended to maintain and enhance the level of harmonization among ITS standards set by each of the organizations. This standard SHALL define the normative index values to be used to provide phrases needed by ITS practitioners. This standard provides non-normative textual phrases which MAY be used by implementers to ensure intelligible results. This standard SHALL follow the formats and rules established in SAE J2540 in the expressions, manipulations, and use of such tables. It should be pointed out that within the rules established by this standard a variety of final tables are all considered "compliant" with the standard, and may vary as fits the needs of implementers.
V2X Core Technical Committee
A Light Rail Metro for the City of Edinburgh2002-01-22507/9/2002
Edinburgh is one of the fastest growing and most prosperous cities in the United Kingdom. This success has brought with it the problems of traffic congestion and pollution. The Edinburgh Metro would use the city's disused railway heritage combined with modern light rail technology to provide a popular and sustainable transport system. When this proposal was originally submitted in 1999, it seemed a worthwhile but distant possibility. However, in October 2001 and March 2002, the Scottish Executive announced preliminary funding packages that mean that significant progress is now likely. The planned system could be operating by 2009.
Low, David J.
Affordable and Sustainable Urban Public Transport2001-01-329910/1/2001
The goal of any transport system is to provide us all with increased personal freedom and mobility. The car has played a significant role in helping to achieve this goal. However, in urban areas the car alone is not a sustainable option. Increased car use has resulted in congestion, pollution and an increase in death and injury. In urban areas an efficient and popular public transport system is essential. Rail based systems have a particularly important role to play in larger urban areas. Numerous cities have identified rail based public transport systems as providing the ideal solution to their transport problems. However, in many cases, the enormous capital costs of such systems have proved an insurmountable barrier. In this paper we suggest how these capital costs could be significantly reduced by moving the power source onto the vehicle. The resulting reduction in infrastructure costs could allow many more cities to construct the rail based public transport systems they desire, and the market for light rail vehicles will grow.
Low, David J.
Automated Vehicles in Cities: A First Step Towards the Automated Highway9819398/11/1998
The concept of the automated highway has been around for several decades. However, even if the technology has much progressed and has been demonstrated recently in quite elaborate forms, it is still unclear how it can be deployed realistically. The manufacturers now seem to propose a very gradual approach through the introduction of driving aids such as active trajectory control (ABS and ESP), adaptive cruise control (ACC), collision warning and vigilance monitoring. Here, we take the stand that a more disruptive process can take place with fully automated vehicles deployed locally as a public transport system based on individual vehicles. These vehicles would use dedicated road tracks, more or less protected from the intrusion of other vehicles. Later in the process of deployment of these dedicated roads, they could be made available to private vehicles equipped with driving automation.
Parent, Michel, Blosseville, Jean-Marc
SERAPHIM: A Propulsion Technology for Fast Trains9519248/1/1995
The Segmented Rail Phased Induction Motor (SERAPHIM) is a compact, pulsed linear induction motor (LIM) offering a unique capability for very high speed train propulsion. It uses technology developed for the Sandia coilgun, an electromagnetic launcher designed to accelerate projectiles to several kilometers per second! Both aluminum cylinders and plates were accelerated to a kilometer per second (Mach 3) by passing through a sequence of coils which were energized at the appropriate time. Although this technology was developed for ultra-high velocity, it can be readily adapted to train propulsion for which, at sea level, the power required to overcome air resistance limits the operational speed to a more modest 300 mph. Here, the geometry is reversed. The coils are on the vehicle and the “projectiles” are fixed along the roadbed. In the 1970's, the Federal Railroad Administration tested a 200 mph train riding on passive wheels and powered by a conventional LIM. In a LIM, electrical windings generate a backward moving wave of magnetic flux in a conducting reaction rail, producing a forward force. SERAPHIM operates not by embedding flux in a conductor, but by excluding it. In this propulsion scheme, pairs of closely spaced coils on the vehicle straddle a segmented aluminum reaction rail. A high frequency current is switched on as a coil pair crosses an edge and remains off as they overtake the next segment. This induces surface currents which repel the coil. In essence, the pulsed coils push off segment edges because at the high frequency of operation, the flux has insufficient time to penetrate. In contrast to conventional LIMs, the performance actually improves with velocity, even for a minimal motor consisting of a single coil pair reacting with a single plate. With either distributed onboard power, a passive wheeled train powered by a SERAPHIM is an attractive alternative to one which is levitated using superconducting magnets (MAGLEV) and propelled by switched electrified coils in the roadbed. This paper will present results of proof-of-principle tests, electromagnetic computer simulations, and systems analysis. It is concluded that this new linear induction motor can be implemented using existing technology and is a promising alternative propulsion method for very high speed rail transportation.
Cowan, Bill, Kelley, Bruce, Turman, Bob, Marder, Barry, Rohwein, Gerald, Aeschliman, Dan
Rapid Traffic System - Preliminary Study For A Ground Transport System93170310/1/1993
This paper summarizes a preliminary study of some alternatives for construction of Rapid Transit System - RTS. For studies approach it was considered an area in the Vale do Paraiba particularly the São José dos Campos City and Jacareí Town. The final conclusion includes a proposal for implementation on the Urban Passengers Transportation System on this zone. The proposal is based on the success of “Step by Step” Program with immediate introduction of Guided Buses and/or Guided Trolley buses. With evolution of urban growing the system can be converted to a Light Rail Vehicle System.
Franco, Odilon C., Dias, Joaquim A. P., Greca, Ronaldo M.
Concept of Cooperative Transport Management for the Greater Munich Area91274510/1/1991
Transport problems in metropolitan areas, like the Greater Munich Area, can no more be solved via a demand oriented extension of the road network. The general objectives can best be met by an integrated approach of all modes of transport based on the cooperation of the partners involved. The paper reports on the generic design of a Cooperative Transport Management based the application of advanced transport control systems and a more detailed approach proposed for the Northern Sector the Greater Munich Area. A demonstration field is planned for testing integrated transport control systems in a real metropolitan environment and of system introduction of advanced communication and control technologies at sites which require immediate relief of existing transport problems.
Keller, Hartmut, Schlichter, Hans-Georg, Wolters, Wilhelm
Implementation of New Traffic Control Systems - Problems and Approaches to Solutions91286310/1/1991
As a basis for understanding the technical and non-technical problems of implementing new technology, some sets of systems have been developed. The main features are the level of intervention (information - recommendation - automatic intervention - automated driving) and the communication link between roadside infrastructure and vehicle. An implementation checklist and a general implementation strategy have been derived and explained based on the discussion of problems. There is a noteworthy example demonstrating this development path: the project STORM - Stuttgart Transport Operation by Regional Management.
Zackor, Heinz
Optimization of Urban Public Transportation Systems for Engergy Conservation9117449/1/1991
Herzog, Claus, Derderian, Philip
SkyTrain High Technology Rapid Transit in Vancouver8917028/1/1989
B.C. Transit opened North America's most advanced rapid transit system in 1986. The 23 km line uses lightweight aluminum vehicles with steerable axle trucks propelled by linear motors. The operating concept is equally innovative with driverless trains and self-service ticketing at unmanned stations. Roving staff provide information, security, ticket inspection and system supervision. The system has been highly successful in its 3 1/2 years of operation, carrying 90 million passengers safely with high reliability. Ridership has reached projections and extensive development around stations has demonstrated the economic benefits of the system. This paper describes the system planning, system technology, including initial problems with noise and vibration, and system operation. Capital costs, method of funding and economic return are described.
Parkinson, Tom
Development for a Future Bus Transport System84168811/1/1984
A general survey on the bus transport system shows the direction and the necessity of further developments. The components especially considered are the vehicle size (from small buses to double-articulated high-capacity buses), the vehicle drive (diesel, dual power, electric, methanol, gases, energy recovery) and guiding systems (mechanically and electronic track guided buses). Most of the development components are available.
Drewitz, Hans, Hipp, Eberhard
The U.S. Standard Light Rail Vehicle-A Progress Report7706802/1/1977
The U.S. Standard Light Rail Vehicle was designed by Boeing Vertol Company to replace the aging streetcars in several U.S. cities, and to provide an efficient vehicle for new light rail transit systems. The paper briefly describes the technical and design features of the LRV. It also describes the test program that was part of the development effort. The paper discusses test results achieved in testing and compares them with specification requirements. The paper discusses problems encountered during the test and development program. Finally the paper describes the initial introduction of the LRV into revenue service in Boston.
Cord, John M., Norton, Peter R.
The Potential For Transit Standards7603572/1/1976
There is little doubt that there is a desire for transit standards to assist in decision making across the entire range of planning, designing, constructing and operating the transit system. Even discussing this broad range is difficult, since both the breadth and depth of potential application areas for standards is of such scale as to be outside the expertise of any single individual. A general classification scheme is developed for structuring the discussion which distinguishes between standards for different transit modes, as well as between fixed facilities and vehicles. Transit standards are divided into input standards -- relating to those system attributes under the control of the planner, designer, or operator -- and output standards -- which reflect the ultimate objectives which the system is designed to satisfy. Examination of standards related to rail transit reveal some standardization accepted in practice, though it is not clear whether this acceptance is because of demonstrated benefits or simply conventional practice. Some areas can be identified where standardization might result in cost savings.
Deen, T.B.
Bus Transit7606232/1/1976
Consideration of buses is as inevitable in any discussion of public transportation as consideration of automobiles in any discussion of overall mobility. Provision of bus transit, as a part of the functional hierarchy of transportation services, is addressed in terms of deployment strategy and bus technology lessons which have affected and will continue to affect bus transit programs in Santa Clara County. Traditional transit techniques need reevaluation in the light of enlarged and synergistic public service goals now impinging on transit activities. Bus transit services alone are probably not satisfactory to respond to overall mobility goals of large urban communities.
Pott, James T.
Standardization Requirements for the Implementation of AGT Systems7603592/1/1976
The development of Automated Guideway Transit Systems has already followed the classical patterns exhibited by other transit technologies in the early stages of their development. It is important for AGT systems, and in particular for PRT that this evolutionary process should be condensed into as short a time frame as possible consistent with a full investigation of all practical options in technology. The object of this paper is to discuss those elements of AGT systems which are susceptible to standardization and to propose a course of action which would rationalize the wide range of hardware and software presently under development. The nature of this paper is necessarily philosophical; however, it is intended to produce a catalytic effect which will stimulate thought rather than present an analytical solution.
MacDonald, Ray
Highlights of UMTA's Rail Program7504412/1/1975
This paper highlights the role rail research programs of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA). Included are descriptions of several recently developed commuter transit cars-the state-of-the-Art Car, The Advanced Concept Train and dual-powered, gas turbine/electric cars. Also discussed are efforts by UMTA in developing test facilities for urban rail vehieles and in furthering research in tunneling technology and noise abatement.
Silien, Joseph S.
The New United States Standard Light Rail Vehicle7402272/1/1974
This paper presents details of the new United States standard light rail vehicle (LRV) being built by the Boeing Vertol Co. for the Boston and San Francisco public transportation authorities. System operation, design features, and performance are described for the LRV, successor to the ubiquitous President's Conference Committee car, last built in the United States in 1951. Used most effectively for an intermediate mass transit volume of 8000-24,000 passengers/h, the Boeing LRV incorporates much of the available state-of-the-art technology.
Lenow, Martin
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