Browse Topic: Parking assistance

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"Objectifying Visual Perception for Automotive Screens through Vibration Targets"2025-01-004305/05/2023
New mobility concepts with smart infrastructure have led to enhanced customer driving experience. The potential to develop safe cars with minimal driver intervention is a great need of the future. The cusp for fully autonomous driving has produced much technical talk, which has led to faster transition and adoption. One of the features that global OEMs have tried to focus on, is Human Machine Interface (HMI) solutions, popularly called display screens. The touchscreen HMIs are common in all mid-range budget cars. They offer driver support beyond just streaming music, including inputs for navigation, parking assistance, in-car technologies, ADAS, and infotainment. Poor display screen visibility is a phenomenon observed when a vehicle is driven over different road surfaces. This paper presents a user-centric approach for the right design & development of the HMI for a vibration free driving experience. The mounting strategies for the display screens, from the existing projects were
ADIL, MD SHAHZAD, C M, MITHUN, Mohammed, Riyazuddin, R, Prasath
A Semantic Slam System Based on Visual-Inertial Information and around View Images for Underground Parking Lot2021-01-007804/06/2021
As one of the most challenging driving tasks, parking is a common but particularly troublesome problem in large cities. Recently, an excellent solution-automated valet parking (AVP) has become a hot research topic, which allows the driver to leave the vehicle in a drop-off area, while the vehicle driving into the parking slot by itself. For AVP, the precise localization is an indispensable module. However, the global positioning system (GPS) cannot be used in the underground parking lot and the localization method based on lidar is too expensive. In response to solve this problem, we propose a simultaneous localization and mapping system with the semantic information of parking slots (PS-SLAM), which is based on visual-inertial and around view images. First, the calibration of multi-sensors is conducted to obtain their intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. In this way, the around view image and transformation matrices between sensors can be acquired. Then, the ORB-SLAM3 based on visual
LI, Wei, Li, Chaohui, Xiao, Dongjie, Zhou, Dong, Wang, Tao, Cao, Libo
Path Planning Algorithm of Automatic Perpendicular Parking in Constrained Parking Space2021-01-091104/06/2021
This article focuses on the implementation of a perpendicular parking assistance and more precisely, the path planner of the perpendicular parking. An iterative algorithm is adopted consisting of two steps. Firstly, whether the vehicle can reverse or drive park into the desired slot in one maneuver is checked. Secondly, a sequence of backward and forward moving is implemented from the original position, until the vehicle reaches a configuration of states from which it can be pulled into the parking slot. In both steps, the constraints of parking space and vehicle dynamics are considered. Simulation examples demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed path planning strategy are presented.
Ye, Fei, Lu, Hui, Qi, Cheng
A Digital Forensic Method to Detect Object based Video Forgery Security Attacks on Surround View ADAS Camera System2021-01-014604/06/2021
The present and futuristic surround view camera systems provide the bird-eye’s view of the driving environment to the driver through a real-time video feed in the digital cockpit infotainment display, which assists the driver in maneuvering, parking, lane changing by performing object detection, object tracking, maneuver estimation, blind spot detection, lane detection, etc., The functional safety of this surround view camera system is gets compromised, if it fails to alert the driver, when truly obstacles are present in the nearby driving environment of the vehicle, or if it alerts the driver when no obstacles are present in the nearby driving environment. This malfunctioning of surround view driver assistance system is due to integrity compromisation through cyberattacks, where attackers forge the displayed video data on the infotainment system, which has external world connectivity. This passive spatial tampering is performed by modifying the actual surround view real-time video
S M, Sarala, Karki, Maya
CES 2021: GM creates BrightDrop electrified delivery and logistics company21AUTP02_0902/01/2021
During her CES 2021 keynote in January, GM Chairman and CEO Mary Barra announced the creation of a new logistics company called BrightDrop. The new business will create an ecosystem of electrified products, software and services for first-to-last-mile delivery. This includes EPI, a new electric pallet to shuttle packages, as well as a new commercial delivery truck based on GM's Ultium battery platform, the EV600. The first customer of the new business will be FedEx Express. According to GM, BrightDrop's electrified solutions were created to help businesses reduce costs, maximize productivity, improve employee and freight security and support sustainability efforts. The EP1 pallet will be available in early 2021 and the EV600 light commercial vehicle (LCV) is expected to be on the road by late 2021. The EV600 is GM's first commercial application of its Ultium battery platform and the truck will feature both Level-2 and DC fast-charging capabilities.
Seredynski, Paul
Editorial20AVEP07_0107/01/2020
For me, the June 19 announcement from Mercedes-Benz and the BMW Group that the two German powerhouses are placing their automated-driving joint-development program “on hold” pretty much closed the book on the irrational exuberance era of autonomous-vehicle hype. The projected economic ramifications of COVID-19 are only capping off a wave of reality that was sweeping through the AV development world. Anybody with sense always knew the runway was suspiciously short for wide swaths of AV investment and development. The inevitable cash desert coming in COVID's wake simply made the industry's famously venture capital-driven optimism undeniable.
Visnic, Bill
A Path Planning and Model Predictive Control for Automatic Parking System2020-01-012104/14/2020
With the increasing number of urban cars, parking has become the primary problem that people face in daily life. Therefore, many scholars have studied the automatic parking system. In the existing research, most of the path planning methods use the combined path of arc and straight line. In this method, the path curvature is not continuous, which indirectly leads to the low accuracy of path tracking. The parking path designed using the fifth-order polynomial is continuous, but its curvature is too large to meet the steering constraints in some cases. In this paper, a continuous-curvature parking path is proposed. The parking path tracker based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm is designed under the constraints of the control accuracy and vehicle steering. Firstly, in order to make the curvature of the parking path continuous, this paper superimposes the fifth-order polynomial with the sigmoid function, and the curve obtained has the continuous and relatively small curvature
Meng, Xiangxi, Wu, Jian, He, Rui, Zhu, Bing, Zhao, Jian
Seeing with Sound Next-Level Ultrasonic Sensors for Intelligent CarsTBMG-3637404/01/2020
The Sense-itive Side of Autonomous Vehicles19AVEP07_0707/01/2019
BASF is exploring how specific materials-and even paint colors and finishes-can improve the capabilities of AV sensors. The sensing technologies needed for automated-driving vehicles are evolving as the industry moves toward high-level (SAE Level 4-5) automation. Sophisticated sensors already enable advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) features such as adaptive cruise control, park assist, lane-centering and others. But in order to meet the needs of high-level and conditional autonomy, sensors themselves need a technology-assist. Materials-science specialist BASF is enhancing the understanding of what materials may aid the sensing equation.
Buchholz, Kami
Compound-Lens Camera for Industry and SmartphonesTBMG-3338412/01/2018
A process has been developed that enables the production of a 2-mm flat camera. The lens is partitioned into 135 tiny facets, similar to the eyes of an insect. The facetVISION camera is suitable for use in the automotive and printing industries, in medical engineering, and in smartphones.
3D Auditory Displays for Parking Assistance Systems2017-01-962704/11/2017
The objective of this study was to investigate if 3D auditory displays could be used to enhance parking assistance systems (PAS). Objective measurements and estimations of workload were used to assess the benefits of different 3D auditory displays. In today’s cars, PAS normally use a visual display together with simple sound signals to inform drivers of obstacles in close proximity. These systems rely heavily on the visual display, as the sound does not provide information about obstacles' location. This may cause the driver to lose focus on the surroundings and reduce situational awareness. Two user studies (during summer and winter) were conducted to compare three different systems. The baseline system corresponded to a system normally found in today’s cars. The other systems were designed with a 3D auditory display, conveying information of where obstacles were located through sound. A visual display was also available. Both normal parking and parallel parking was conducted. Time
Lundkvist, André, Johnsson, Roger, Nykänen, Arne, Stridfelt, Jakob
Autonomous Driving — In a ‘Flash’TBMG-2647503/01/2017
By combining CMOS technology with avalanche photodiodes, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems IMS (Duisburg, Germany) have developed a potentially cost-effective sensor prototype that aims to support driverless car applications. The “Flash LiDAR” could play a valuable role alongside the cameras, radars, and other components within autonomous vehicles.
Vehicle Perimeter Monitoring using Minimum Number of Sensors during Parking Maneuver2015-01-030904/14/2015
Parking assist systems have become very common in current vehicles. The purpose of such a system is to assist the driver to park the vehicle without collision. The sensors serve as eyes of the driver during parking maneuver by sensing any obstacle in the path. The parking sensors, typically ultrasonic sensors, are mounted on front and rear of vehicle to assist the driver to park the vehicle. Thus, such a system can cover only the front and rear portion of the vehicle and is unable to cover the side portions of the vehicle. This paper proposes a novel method to monitor the perimeter of a vehicle while parking using minimum sensors placed at strategic locations. A local map of the parking area is generated using data from sensors which helps in identifying static obstacles. The map is constantly updated in real time during parking. The algorithm ascertains that the entire perimeter of the vehicle is protected from impending collisions in real time. The algorithm takes into account
Chatterjee, Mayurika, Rao, Atchyuta, Rajguru, Chaitanya
Speed Control of Parking Assist System for Electrified Vehicle2015-01-031604/14/2015
Parking assist systems which relieve burden of drivers have been put into practice in the world. Mitsubishi Electric has also been developing several technologies to realize the system, where our products such as sonar (ultrasonic sensor), electric power steering (EPS), a motor, and an inverter are used. In the parking assist system, peripheral environment of the vehicle in a parking lot is detected with our sonar sensors and determine whether or not there is a parking space available. Estimation of the position and the attitude of the vehicle is also carried out. On the basis of the detection and the estimation, a smooth and efficient path to drive and park the vehicle is generated with an optimization technique. In particular, this paper focuses on a drive control for electrified vehicles to track the reference trajectory at a desired speed given from the assist system. Taking advantages of features of the motor, which has high-speed responses and generates precise and large torque
Yokoyama, Kazuto, Iezawa, Masahiro, Akashi, Yohei, Satake, Toshihide, Akemi, Yukiyasu, Inoue, Satoru, Suzuki, Ryotaro
Vision Based Driver Alert System2012-01-048104/16/2012
Vision based systems using cameras are widely used in various industry verticals. The basic functionality of a vision system is to detect an object and then recognize it. In current automotive industry these systems are being used in applications like collision avoidance, intelligent cruise control, blind spot detection, parking assistance, identify pedestrians, etc. During driving conditions, 2 wheeler and 4 wheeler drivers are required to concentrate more on the road because of which they may tend to miss the traffic signs; more often during night times. The traffic signs can be one way, U-turn, right/left turn prohibited, bump ahead and etc. So there is a need for a system which detects, recognizes and intimates these signs to the driver. Extensive research is being carried out in the area of recognizing a traffic sign, but more focused research is done for a complex problem of detecting the sign in the real world environment. The proposed image processing algorithm for detection of
Kumar C, Sunil, Srinivasaiah, Bhavani, Dhinagar, Jabez
Integrated Sensor System Framework for Enhanced Vehicle Safety2011-28-003710/06/2011
With improvements in electronics and integrated safety systems, modern day cars are much safer than their predecessors. Unfortunately, cost is a very strong driving factor, when it comes to installation of a multitude of these safety systems on mid and low-segment cars. In this paper, we propose a novel integrated system of sensors that are strategically arranged around a car in order to provide safety at a reasonable cost. This generic framework of sensors would assist the driver under various driving scenarios like collision warning (forward and rear), overtake assist, parallel parking assist and adaptive cruise control. An invention disclosure has been filed with the Patent Cooperation Treaty for this work [8].
Kutty, Krishnan K., Vaidya, Vinay G., Soni, Vijay, Joshi, Atul K.
Development of a Long-Range Ultrasonic Sensor for Automotive Application2008-01-091004/14/2008
In recent years, short-range sensors like stereo cameras, radar and infrared cameras have become essential components of safety systems and user-friendly convenience systems, such as pre-crash safety or parking assist systems. However, they are generally too expensive to implement on lower-end vehicles. On the other hand, a conventional backup-assistance sonar has a very small coverage area, but it is more cost effective than the above-mentioned sensors. This paper proposes an effective method to increase the range of detection of conventional sensor with the help of a pseudo-Wigner distribution-based likelihood function. The reflected wave detected by maximizing the p-WD-based likelihood function with respect to the parameter related to the time delay. This method is verified in actual experiment and the maximum detection range was found to be extended by about 2.5 times beyond that of the conventional approach.
Kamemura, Takafumi, Takagi, Hideo, Pal, Chinmoy, Ohsumi, Akira
Driver Performance Research Regarding Systems for Use While Backing2006-01-198203/01/2006
General Motors has pursued research to develop systems intended to assist drivers in recognizing people or objects behind them when they are backing, and this paper summarizes results from this research. We are currently working with ultrasonic rear parking assist systems, rear radar backing warning systems, and rear camera systems, which are briefly described and their utility for assisting drivers in recognizing people or objects behind them discussed. Our research on driver performance with a prototype long range backing warning system found that audible and visual warning combinations may not be effective in warning distracted drivers about unexpected objects. Driver expectancy is thought to play a significant role in this result. However, further research found drivers were more likely to notice an unexpected obstacle behind their vehicle with a prototype rear view video camera system compared to ultrasonic rear parking assist and trials that had no system. These results suggest
Green, Charles A., Deering, Richard K.
Lock Actuator Parkbrake - A New Concept in Disc Brake Parking Mechanisms87025702/01/1987
A new integral disc brake with an automatically adjusted parking mechanism has been developed which is based on the principle of a collar locking onto a shaft under an eccentric load. This mechanism is inherently self-adjusting and load insensitive. The resultant caliper offers good bleedability, serviceability, reliability, efficiency and flexibility to chassis designers.
Wang, N.
Traditional Design and New Developments in Lever Technology85077904/01/1985
Design technologies of traditional parking brake levers will be presented as a foreground for discussion of recent technological advances. The features and advantages of these advances in the area of lever adjustment will be explained.
Hooton, Bill
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