Browse Topic: Turbochargers

Items (113)

Optimization of HEV Vehicle’s Engine Modulated Noise

2025-01-008405/05/2023

One 1.5L Miller-cycle turbocharged four cylinder gasoline hybrid engine is installed on a certain hybrid vehicle. When accelerating at low to medium speeds with a small throttle, there is a "da da" knocking noise inside the car, which seriously affects the overall sound quality of the vehicle. By analyzing the vibration and noise data of the engine, it was found that the frequency of the abnormal knocking sound is 200-1000Hz, which presents a half order characteristic in the time domain, that is, one knocking occurs when the engine crankshaft rotates twice. Through Hilbert demodulation analysis of the vibration data in the problem frequency range, it was found that the knocking noise was modulated in the frequency domain, with a modulation frequency of half of the crankshaft rotation frequency. By building a fully flexible multi-body dynamic model of a hybrid powertrain and inputting the engine's cylinder pressure excitation, the combustion excitation is coupled with mechanical

dan, Kong

Improvement of Transient Response on a Downsized 4 Cylinder Engine for Automobile Application

2021-28-028010/01/2021

The automobile industry is one among the fastest in terms of adapting the technological advancements and evolving based on changing customer requirements. Researchers are focusing on making the automobiles better by means of making the vehicles more efficient, powerful and less polluting. In this study, venues of improving low end torque via improvement in volumetric efficiency as well as proper selection of turbochargers. An in-depth analysis of gas dynamics with respect to valve timing is studied along with the AVL boost simulation. It was found that volumetric efficiency starts to improve when there is a reduction in exhaust – exhaust valve overlap. There is an improvement found in the fresh air ratio (lambda) as the residual gas content is reduced. After the selection of valve timing, turbocharger optimization is done with comparison between two turbine sizes. Along with turbocharger comparison, technology comparison is also done namely between normal electronic VGT (Variable

Jain, Praveer Kirtimohan, Chendil, Chellapandi, Asthana, Shivam, Sanjay, Nehal, Meda, Venkata Saikumar, R, Sivasubramamanian, Daithankar, Parag, Ramadandi, Padmavathi, RS, Ranganathan, A, Guru Sankar

Time to boost analysis of an advanced boosting system for automotive applications

2021-24-009309/05/2021

Fun to drive and drivability are important issues in modern vehicles, and propulsion system plays a key role in achieving these goals. Nowadays, most engines are characterized by the presence of a turbocharging system in order to obtain a high level of specific power and efficiency. Unfortunately, turbocharged engines are characterized by a delay in toque delivery, especially at low load, a phenomenon commonly called turbo-lag. In this paper an innovative turbocharging system is studied with the aim of providing a solution to this annoying behavior; a hybrid bosting system consisting of a traditional turbocharger and an electrically assisted compressor is analyzed. This architecture, especially thanks to the good dynamic behavior of the e-compressor, achieves the goal of an important reduction in terms of time-to-boost, providing an important improvement in engine readiness. The experimental campaign is carried out entirely on the test bench for components of the propulsion system of

Usai, Vittorio, Marelli, Silvia

Mercedes-AMG ready with electrically-assisted turbocharger

20AUTP08_0807/01/2020

In announcement signaling automakers continue significant R&D for internal-combustion propulsion, Mercedes-AMG said it is preparing to launch a new, electrically-assisted turbocharger for engines to power its next vehicle generation. Confirming that the new turbocharger design will soon be fitted in a “series production” model line, the company said the electrically augmented turbocharger delivers enhanced driving dynamics while also improving efficiency. Mercedes-Benz and other automakers already have launched auxiliary electric compressors to augment conventional turbochargers, but this design integrates the strategy by using the electric machine to act directly on shaft connecting the turbine and compressor wheels: the 1.6-inch (41-mm)-wide motor sits between the exhaust-driven turbine and the impeller that compresses the intake air directed into the engine. It can spin to a conventional turbocharger rate of up to 170,000 rpm.

Visnic, Bill

Experimental Evaluation of Steady State Performance of an Automotive Electric Supercharger

2020-37-000806/23/2020

Nowadays, the electric supercharger for turbocharged downsized automotive engines is mainly used to improve torque at low engine speeds in order to obtain an improvement of the time to boost. These components are usually designed to fill the gap in terms of torque in transient operation caused by the main turbocharger with reference to the typical turbo lag issues. An advanced solution of the engine boosting system was taken into account, considering the adoption of an e-booster system coupled to a waste-gated turbocharger, typically adopted alone in order to provide a reduced turbo-lag, i.e. an optimized transient response of the system. In the experimental activity described in this work, the maximum speed of the e-booster used is about 70000 rpm, the maximum pressure ratio is 1.5 and the maximum power required on the shaft is less than 4 kW. The compressor unit have to be maintained in the idle condition in order to avoid excessive electric consumption and overheating problem when

Marelli, Silvia, Usai, Vittorio

Kubota enters stand-on track-loader segment with new SCL1000

SAE-MA-0434603/12/2020

The smallest machine in Kubota’s construction-equipment lineup features a 3-cylinder turbocharged engine and a wide-track design for a soft footprint.

Gehm, Ryan

John Deere Power Systems expands lineup, introduces new 13.6- and 18-liter engines

SAE-MA-0434403/11/2020

Driven by customer feedback, Deere claims clean-sheet designs for the new engines with improved performance, serviceability and integration.

Shuttleworth, Jennifer

Cadillac pulls the wraps off two new V-Series sedans

19AUTP08_1901/01/2019

Cadillac has added two more sedans to its V-Series performance lineup, the 2020 CT4-V and CT5-V. The CT4-V will square off against established C-segment players such as the BMW 3-Series and Mercedes-Benz C-Class, along with Hyundai's new Genesis G70. The CT5-V will compete with the BMW 5-Series and Audi A6. The two new 4-door sedans join the larger 2019 CT6-V sedan in the V-Series stable, though the company noted that the series is evolving to be less focused on hard-core, track-worthy machines, and more about sporty and comfortable daily drivers. “We are inviting even more customers into the V-Series family,” said Brandon Vivian, Cadillac executive chief engineer, “by adding a new level of elevated performance between our Sport models and the ultimate, high-performance track capability that the V-Series has grown to represent.”

Seredynski, Paul

WHAT WE'RE DRIVING

19AUTP08_1201/01/2019

Toyota sought to channel its 2000 GT and Supra sportscar heritage with the introduction of the 2020 Supra, but in the process the company also forecast the future. Acknowledging the SUV-centric product-development investment reality of 2019, Toyota partnered with BMW, which was in position to supply a six-cylinder engine with the Supra's traditional inline configuration, while contracting assembly to Austria's Magna Styr.

Porsche reveals eighth-generation of fabled 911

19AUTP01_1501/01/2019

Regularly updating and evolving the Porsche 911's aesthetic signature might seem an impossible task. But more than half a century after its birth, the unveiling of the eighth-generation at the 2018 L.A. Auto Show demonstrated that it is in fact still a totally possible art-with design boss Michael Mauer the chief artist. Designated in-house as the 992 series and slightly larger than the outgoing 991, it is launched in rear-wheel-drive and all-wheel-drive forms-Carrera S and Carrera 4S-and now only in the wide-body width previously used for the Carrera 4 GT3 and GTS, instead of two body widths. Across the nose, the new 911 is 45 mm (1.8 in) wider than the outgoing version, a figure some 911 purists may look at askance, as growth in recent years has already been considerable.

Birch, Stuart

Study on Nonlinear Rotordynamics Characteristics for Electric Compound Turbocharger

2017-01-241810/08/2017

The electric compound turbocharger(ECT) which integrates a high speed motor into a turbocharger rotor shaft can be used transiently to accelerate the turbocharger more quickly in response to an acceleration requirement. It can utilize the exhaust gas energy fully to improve the engine fuel efficiency and benefit for engine with lower emissions. The key technique of ECT is to solve the reliability problems when an electrical motor is integrated into a turbocharger shaft between the turbine and compressor wheels will increase the burden for the bearing support and affect the turbocharger shaft rotation characteristics. In order to know the dynamics behavior of higher load bearing system is explored for reliability, this paper focus on the nonlinear rotor dynamics characteristics of ECT rotor bearing system. Based on the principle and structure of ECT rotor bearing system, the basic theory method and dynamics model of rotor bearing system is established considered the nonlinear fluid film

Zhang, Hong, Wang, Zhuo, Hong, Zhouzhensen

Experimental GT-POWER Correlation Techniques and Best Practices Low Frequency Acoustic Modeling of the Exhaust System of a Naturally Aspirated Engine

2017-01-179306/05/2017

As regulations become increasingly stringent and customer expectations of vehicle refinement increase, the accurate control and prediction of exhaust system airborne acoustics are a critical factor in creating a vehicle that wins in the marketplace. The goal of this project was to improve the predicative accuracy of the GT-power engine and exhaust model and to update internal best practices for modeling. This paper will explore the details of an exhaust focused correlation project that was performed on a naturally aspirated spark ignition eight-cylinder engine. This paper and SAE paper “Experimental GT-POWER Correlation Techniques and Best Practices Low Frequency Acoustic Modeling of the Intake System of a Turbocharged Engine” share similar abstracts and introductions; however, they were split for readability and to keep the focus on a single a single subsystem. This paper compares 1D GT-Power exhaust external sound predictions with chassis dyno experimental measurements during a fixed

Seldon, William, Shoeb, Amer, Schimmel, Daniel, Cromas, Jared

Volvo S90: Niche for now, but…

16AUTP10_1110/01/2016

It's no secret the reconstituted Volvo, since 2010 owned by China's Zhejiang Geely, is doing interesting and innovative things-one of the most intriguing, maybe, being that it's survived and in some senses thrived (particularly if fellow Swedish auto brand Saab is used as a measure) under Geely's control. Fact is that Volvo and Geely have shut up the naysayers: in the nearly seven years Geely's been in charge, a studied and benevolent guidance (not to mention $11 billion in product-development funding announced in 2012) has delivered a Volvo that's somehow managed to evolve its brand back to a relevancy few thought it could ever recover.

Visnic, Bill

Numerical Study of Unsteady Performance of a Double-entry Turbocharger Turbine under Different A/R Value Conditions

2016-01-103104/05/2016

Turbocharging industry mainly employ steady method in the design and development process in present. However, the unsteady method is becoming more important for the exploration of the advanced turbocharging technique. This paper discusses the influences of A/R value on unsteady performances of a double-entry turbocharger turbine. In the study, numerical simulation has been done by ANSYS CFX software, The turbine have three kinds of A/R values that change in order, and the three schemes has the same unsteady flow boundary conditions. The simulation results show that the unsteady turbine performances have the characteristics loops representing filling and emptying effects. And the unsteady performances of the three schemes have some regular differences. The mean unsteady turbine efficiency decreases with increasing A/R value in the involved range, but the overall entropy of the turbine in a pulse period has no significant differences. In this paper, the flow loss of the turbine is

Fan, Houchuan, Ni, Jimin, Wang, Hang, Zhu, Zhifu, Liu, Yungang

Investigation of Engine Processes with Extreme Pressures and Turbocompounding

2016-01-056704/05/2016

This work is based on calculations about extreme mean effective and maximum pressures which were published earlier by the author and colleagues. The motivation for the work presented in this paper is to reduce the maximum pressure while keeping a high mep without sacrificing efficiency. It is investigated in a theoretical study in how far this can be accomplished via turbocompounding. The basis is a 320 mm bore four stroke medium speed engine. It is equipped with a state-of-the-art two stage turbocharging system. As a first step turbocompounding is investigated for mean effective pressures from 22 to 80 bar. The bsfc of the turbocharged engine is in the range of 175 to 185 g/kWh depending on mep. With turbocompounding the exhaust pressure before turbine is optimised and figures between 160 and 165 g/kWh are reached. Thermal loading of the engine increases. In the second step strategies to reduce maximum pressure are investigated for an mep of ca. 50 bar. Reduced compression ratio and

Eilts, Peter

2017 Porsche Boxster loses cylinders, gains power, adds frugality

16AUTP03_1103/01/2016

Porsche's decision to downsize the new generation Boxster's engines from flat-6 to turbocharged flat-4 may shock purists, but power and torque are up, and fuel consumption and emissions down. So the 2017 Boxster is a demonstration of what efficient automotive technology can deliver. And if four cylinders still seem a bit demeaning for the brand, consider that the 919 hybrid race car uses a turbocharged V4. Full details of the new engines were not released when this article was published, but Automotive Engineering soon will be sitting down with Porsche engineers and driving the new 718 Boxster; in depth story to come. Meantime, Porsche does not dispute the supposition that the new “boxer” fours are shortened versions of the current flat-6s in the latest 911s, but with only a single turbo.

Birch, Stuart

Optimization of Engine Variables for Low Emissions of a 6 Cylinder Heavy Duty Diesel Engine

2016-28-012102/01/2016

There are significant geometrical as well as operational parameters which affect the emission performance of a diesel engine. In this work, various important engine variables are selected for optimization. The objective of this work is to satisfy BS III norms, that too, with a healthy margin. Among the selected variables, swirl is a complex variable to control, and that itself depends on number of geometrical and operational parameters. Chamfer angle of the valve seat is modified to vary swirl ratios, actual swirl performance test is done. Further, CFD and analytical analysis is done on various geometrical parameters of intake port and important parameters affecting swirl were identified. Thus, by the above exercise three optimum swirl ratios were selected for design of experiments. Engine variables selected for optimization are swirl ratio, fuel injection timing, nozzle orifice (K and KS type) and turbocharger (waste gate and free float). L9 Orthogonal array was formed consisting of 9

Jain, Praveer, Kulkarni, Vinayak, Kulkarni, Sachin, Mahajan, Ravindra

Nonlinear MIMO Data-Driven Control Design for the Air and Charging Systems of Diesel Engines

2015-24-242509/06/2015

Emission requirements for diesel engines are becoming increasingly strict, leading to the increase of engine architecture complexity. This evolution requires a more systematic approach in the development of control systems than presently adopted, in order to achieve improved performances and reduction of times and costs in design, implementation and calibration. To this end, large efforts have been devoted in recent years to the application of advanced Model-Based MIMO control systems. In the present paper a new MIMO nonlinear feedback control is proposed, based on an innovative data-driven method, which allows to design the control directly from the experimental data acquired on the plant to be controlled. Thus, the proposed control design does not need the intermediate step of a reliable plant model identification, as required by Model-Based methods. In this way, significant advantages over Model-Based methods can be achieved in terms of times and costs in design and deployment as

Milanese, Mario, Gerlero, Ilario, Novara, Carlo, Conte, Giuseppe, Cisternino, Maurizio, Pedicini, Carmen, Alfieri l, Vincenzo, Mosca, Stefano

TAKING ACTION EARLY TO CONQUER THE STEM CRISIS

15MOMP09_0409/01/2015

Interest in STEM subjects falls precipitously as students progress through elementary and middle school. In the offensive to help develop a more technically skilled workforce, SAE International often finds itself charging up a hill to gain ground. It recently charged up Capitol Hill to convey urgency about the imperative of planting positive notions about STEM (science, technology engineering, and math) in the impressionable minds of the nation's young school-goers. “If you try to get to students interested in STEM at high school, it's too late. If you try to get them at college, it's too late,” Christopher Ciuca, SAE's Manager of Pre-Professional Programs, said at a congressional briefing on June 15 as part of the Capitol Hill Maker Faire. Getting more kids interested in STEM is a job that must be done in middle school-or, even better, elementary school.

Ponticel, Patrick

Automotive Engineering: May 5, 2015

15AUTD0505/05/2015

Democratizing hybrid technologies Engineers continue to wring efficiency and mass out of their latest electrified propulsion systems with the aim of mainstreaming the technology. Automakers see possibilities, limits for gesture controls Recent concepts have shown the possibilities of gesture for controlling infotainment functions but the need for industry standards and control simplification complicate development. Ferrari massages 458 to create 488 GTB Ferrari engineers have further refined the 458 Italia model with a new turbocharged and downsized engine and revised aerodynamics to create the 488 GTB.

Toyota's Integrated Drive Power Control System for Downsized Turbocharged Engine

2015-01-163604/14/2015

New engine controls have been developed for the turbocharged Lexus NX200t to improve driving power by reducing engine torque output lag. Drive power management functions have been centralized in an integrated drive power control system. The newly developed controls minimize the potential reduction in drivability associated with the adoption of a turbocharged engine while improving fuel efficiency. General driveability issues commonly associated with a turbocharged engine include sudden increases in drive power due to the response lag of the turbocharger, and higher shifting frequencies if this response lag triggers a disturbed accelerator operation pattern by the driver. The developed technologies detect and control sudden increases in drive power to create the optimum drive power map, and reduce unnecessary shifts even if the driver's accelerator operation is disturbed. This paper describes an outline of the integrated drive power control system and its representative technologies

Takasaki, Asuka, Inoue, Takashi, Sugano, Kazumitsu, Nagata, Koji

Mobility Engineering: June 2014

14MEIP0606/01/2014

Steering a better path New mechanisms developed by NIT Warangal are simpler than the Ackermann type and allow all four wheels to undergo pure rolling. Monitoring fine particle concentrations A robust and versatile system has been developed by Pegasor Oy to measure engine exhaust particulate mass and number more accurately. New rules shuffle the F1 deck New turbocharged hybrid-electric power units and revised aerodynamics may scramble the familiar order in Formula One for 2014.

Development: Kia Pro_cee'd GT

7-38-10-1012/01/2013

The firm's first hot hatch relies on a turbocharged, direct-injection 1.6-liter gasoline engine to provide the performance, while revised front MacPherson and rear multilink suspension deliver the ride and handling.

Scoltock, James

Banks Super-Turbo Freightliner a testbed for advanced technology

1175311/27/2013

The engineering behind this souped-up Class 8 truck that screamed up Pikes Peak earlier this year was detailed at the 2013 SEMA Show by Gale Banks and race/stunt driver Mike Ryan. Read full article at http://articles.sae.org/12620.

Gehm, Ryan

Powertrain - Daimler 3.0 V6 Biturbo: Pressure to Perform

7-38-7-2009/01/2013

An innovative turbocharger design and high-pressure direct injection ensure that downsizing does not compromise driveability. Adopting lean-burn combustion would boost efficiency even further.

Bickerstaffe, Simon

MAR/APR 2013 AUTO DESIGN

AUTODES041304/01/2013

Top tech talent Spotlight on some of the technologies that have been judged worthy of an AEI SAE 2013 Tech Award On the charge New solutions for turbocharger hoses were revealed at a leading international conference. Ian Adcock reports Gateway to electronic future Chris Edwards asks if field-programmable gate array will be the next big step in automotive electronics

Development of a Variable Compression Ratio GTDI Engine with 2-Stage Turbocharging and Cooled External EGR

12VHEE40205/10/2012

The benefits of adding variable compression ratio (VCR) capability to a Gasoline Turbocharged Direct Injection (GTDI) has been experimentally explored by AVL to quantify the potential efficiency improvements along with other combustion benefits and challenges. The development process is discussed along with key results showing how the combination of VCR, GDI, external cooled EGR and variable cam phasing was optimized to achieve maximum benefit. The concept demonstrates aggressive downsizing capability with BMEP levels above 40 bar BMEP with a two-stage turbocharging system on 95 RON gasoline. The iso-BSFC sweet spot was also improved with reduced BSFC over a broader operating range. The issues of knock, low speed pre-ignition, particulates and sensitivity to octane level and ambient temperature conditions were also investigated and are discussed. Engine level results are shown translated into predicted NEDU vehicle fuel economy improvements. Presenter Paul Whitaker, AVL Powertrain

Whitaker, Paul

Location of Atomizer of Ether Systems for Diesel Engines

J2079_201110 (Current)10/27/2011

This SAE Information Report recommends the requirements for the location of ether atomizers.

Common Tests Technical Steering Committee

2012 Buick Regal GS

1000208/18/2011

General Motors says the Regal GS sedan's Ecotec 2.0-L direct-injected turbocharged four-cylinder gasoline engine is "the most power-dense unit ever certified by SAE."

Application of the Frequency and JTFA Analyses of the Accompanying Processes for OBD Combustion Process Monitor Design in Turbocharged CI Direct Injection Engines of HDV Non-Road Vehicles

2011-01-141204/12/2011

The paper describes the problem of the combustion process diagnostics dedicated for CI engines with direct injection of HDV vehicles in the aspect of misfire detection monitor application for OBD and EOBD systems. The monitor is based on the vibroacoustic signal utilization. Because of that, frequency method and the method of time-frequency parameterization map a(t,f) of vibration accelerations generated by combustion engine were used. The above article is directed to get a diagnostic monitor that would detect faults and incorrect runs in the combustion process (including also its lack) in the real time with the help of vibration accelerations estimators. Point estimators of the process and research stages and conditions are presented. The signal analyses and limits of a method use, criteria of the process qualification and its accuracy were also write down. Diagnostic algorithms of misfire detection and possibility of its practical use in the contemporary vehicle sources of a drive

Merkisz, Jerzy, Waligorski, Marek, Bajerlein, Maciej, Markowski, Jaroslaw

An Analysis for Floating Bearings in a Turbocharger

2011-01-037504/12/2011

A comprehensive analysis has been performed for floating bearings applied in a turbocharger. It is found that Couette power loss for a full-floating bearing (the floating ring rotates) decreases with increasing inner and outer clearances, while its Poiseuille power loss increases with increasing inner and outer film clearances. In comparison with a semi-floating bearing (the floating ring does not rotate), a full-floating bearing can reduce both Couette and Poiseuille power losses. However, floating bearing is found to have a smaller minimum film thickness for a given dynamic loading from rotor-dynamics. The total power loss reduction for typical full-floating bearings ranges from 13% to 27%, which matches well with some published experimental data. In general, the speed ratio increases with increasing outer film clearance, while it decreases with increasing inner film clearance because of shear stresses on the outer and inner film. The increasing radii ratio slows the floating ring

Shi, Fanghui, Deng, Dingfeng

Intake System Design Approach for Turbocharged MPFI SI Engine

2011-26-000101/19/2011

The automotive industry is currently facing the challenge of significantly stringent requirements regarding CO₂ emission and fuel economy coming from both legislations and customer demand. Advanced engine technologies play a vital role for downsizing of gasoline engine. The development of key design technologies for high efficiency gasoline engines is required for the improvement of competitive power in the global automobile industry. This paper focused on effect of geometry of intake manifold of gas exchange process and consequently the performance of the engine. Specially, the optimal design technologies for the intake manifold and intake port shape must be established for high performance, increasingly stringent fuel economy and emission regulations. Space in vehicle or packaging constraints and cost are also important factors while consideration of the design. Two models of intake manifolds discussed in this paper, such as short runner intake manifold and long runner intake

Jagtap, Harishchandra, Vinayak, Chavan, Koli, Ravindra

Automotive Engineering International 2009-01-01

AUTOJAN0901/01/2009

Mapping tomorrow's traffic Leaders from the top design institutes believe the art of transportation design hinges on a holistic--and progressive--understanding of the relationships between people, vehicles, and public space. Sitting comfortably Seat engineers are enhancing safety, adding functions, but comfort still reigns supreme. Coming to life Bio-based materials are increasingly showcased in concept vehicles--but do they have widespread production potential? Chevrolet supercharges the Corvette Even an old dog like the Corvette ZR1's LS9 Small Block Chevy can learn new tricks thanks to a supercharger and key supporting parts. Double-duty Duratec Ford's new 2.5-L inline four for 2010 boasts advanced fuel and ignition control, and an Atkinson-cycle variant for HEVs. Coast-to-coast diesel Having held back until it could offer one in all corners of the U.S., BMW says the time is right for a 50-state diesel. Big torque from small Mercedes diesel Daimler's drive for efficiency has

Boosting of Turbocharger Dynamics: Simulation and Comparison of Different Solutions

2003-01-039903/03/2003

Three alternatives for dynamic boosting of turbocharged SI-engines are compared by simulating their dynamic response. A dedicated simulation model was developed for the downsized engine with turbocharger of the “smart” two-seater. The studied concepts are: variable turbine geometry, an electrical precompressor (e-Booster) and compressed air at the compressor inlet (p-Booster). The turbine is modeled as nozzle flow, including the influence of rotor speed on flow rate and on torque. The compressor is modeled by a dimensionless characteristic of pressure versus flow coefficients, including the effects of surge and choking. Validation showed excellent agreement with dynamometer tests. Variable turbine geometry has the potential of excellent load response, provided that the high exhaust temperature can be handled without a loss of efficiency. For the e-Booster to be effective, it must have a faster response than the turbocharger itself. The p-Booster has the fastest response, however only

Janach, Walter E., Wenger, Marco, Glattfelder, Adolf H.

Variable Geometry System Turbocharger for Passenger Car Diesel Engine

2001-01-027301/05/2001

The problem of the relationship between automobile emission and environmental pollution has attracted considerable attention lately. The variable swallowing capacity turbocharger becomes essential technology to cope with emission regulations and to decrease fuel consumption, while meeting the demand for increasing engine power output. A turbocharger with new structure has been developed for passenger car applications, the RHF series Variable Geometry System (VGS) turbocharger. The object of VGS turbocharger is to improve engine performance, over a broad engine speed range, by changing the swallowing capacity of turbine with a variable geometry nozzles. This paper describes the details of structure, performance and control of RHF series VGS turbocharger. Furthermore, a high temperature tribological study about the driving link is also discussed.

Kawamoto, Akiko, Takahashi, Yukio, Koiken, Takaaki, Nakamura, Fusayoshi

Automotive Engineering International 2001-01-01

AUTOJAN0101/01/2001

Ford's new four The largest engine development program in company history will lead to at least 200 applications, starting with the new Mondeo's Duratec HE and replacement of its existing cast-iron-block four-cylinders with higher aluminum content powerplants. GM Powertrain's new inline six for SUV's For the first time in nearly two decades, three new General Motors vehicles will feature an inline six-cylinder engine developed by GM Powertrain. Fuel-stratified injection from VW Though gasoline direct-injection technology is being introduced in the Lupo FSI, VW says it easily can be adapted for high-volume use in larger vehicles such as the Polo and Golf. LS6 for Z06 The latest high-performance Corvette engine features improved breathing, new pistons, an increased compression ratio, and a new high-profile camshaft. New diesel V8 for S-Class Mercedes-Benz engineers employed common-rail technology, twin turbochargers, and a water-cooled intercooler to achieve a 9.6 L/100 km fuel

SAE Off-Highway Engineering 2000-09-01

OFHSEP0009/01/2000

Simulating air-conditioning performance A computer program developed by Modine Climate Systems and Modelogics helps determine and optimize air-conditioning system performance. Reduced mass haul-truck design concepts Liebherr Mining trucks adopted a reduced structural mass approach to convert unladen weight directly into payload, while simultaneously incorporating state-of-the-art driveline technology. Optimizing a tractor frame for improved cabin NVH To address an aging agricultural workforce and modern ergonomic guidelines, researchers at Doshisha University and Kubota modeled medium- and large-sized agricultural tractors to reduce vibration and noise and increase comfort. Applying 3d-CAD to turbocharger development Ishkawajima-Harima Heavy Industries has developed a 3d-CAD system for turbochargers. satisfying requirements for digital mockup development. A forged steel piston for highly loaded diesel engines Higher peak cylinder pressures moved engineers from Mahle to search for new

The Effect of a Turbocharger Clearance Control Coating on the Performance and Emissions of a 2-Stroke Diesel Engine

1999-01-366510/25/1999

Extensive efforts are being made to improve emissions from 2-stroke diesel engines. These improvements are primarily directed towards older model year engines with relatively high emissions compared with modern diesel engines. While most researchers focus their attention on engine design changes that promise substantial emission improvements, this work dealt with the turbocharger characteristics, especially as related to using internal coatings on both the compressor and turbine housings. Two identical turbochargers were tested on a Detroit Diesel 6V-92TA engine. One of the two turbochargers was left in its production configuration while the other was coated with a clearance control coating on the inside of the compressor and turbine housings. This coating led to a significant reduction in the tip clearance of both the compressor and turbine wheels. Testing was conducted at steady-state as well as transient conditions, to evaluate the effect of this coating on performance and emission

Sharp, Christopher A., Khair, Magdi K., Gorel, Alex

In-Service Evaluation of Performance Enhancing Coatings for a Heavy Duty Diesel Truck Engine

1999-01-366610/25/1999

This paper presents the results of an on-road evaluation of in-cylinder ceramic thermal barrier coating GPX″-4M and turbocharger clearance control coating. Engelhard Corporation carried out the testing as a part of a pre-production product development and evaluation process. Contained in the paper are the results of a three-year long experiment conducted on an Engelhard's truck. Discussed in the paper are in-service performance and durability of Engelhard's coating. The experimental fuel usage data underwent substantial statistical treatment and analysis. In combination with the unique test conditions this allowed credible conclusions regarding the truck fuel economy. It was clearly demonstrated that the truck equipped with in-cylinder GPX coated components used 1.4% less fuel than a standard truck for the same amount of work performed over a 16-month period. This fuel saving is associated with the engine rebuild. For that same period and same amount of work, the GPX coated truck

Gorel, Alexander, Voss, Ken, Austell, Gilbert

Modeling the Combustion in a Small-Bore Diesel Engine Using a Method Based on Representative Interactive Flamelets

1999-01-355010/25/1999

A model based on Representative Interactive Flamelets (RIF) for simulating ignition, combustion and emissions formation in a DI diesel engine has been applied to describe the combustion process in the Ford DIATA engine. Equipped with a common-rail injection system the four-valve, turbocharged engine with a displacement of 300 cc per cylinder represents a modern HSDI small-bore diesel engine. The RIF-model offers a way of decoupling the turbulent time scales from those associated with the chemistry. The turbulent flow field was solved using the three-dimensional CFD-code KIVA 3V and the chemistry was solved in a one-dimensional flamelet code rendering profiles of species mass fractions as a function of the mixture fraction, which is a conserved scalar. This decoupling enabled a detailed reaction mechanism comprising 118 species and 557 elementary reactions to be employed without imposing a significant penalty on the computational time. Model predictions of crank angle resolved in

Hergart, C., Barths, H., Peters, N.

Design of a High Speed Switched Reluctance Machine for Automotive Turbo-Generator Applications

1999-01-293308/17/1999

The efficient generation of relatively large quantities of electrical energy in vehicles is becoming an increasingly important issue, as a result of the increasing demands of ancillary electrical equipment and the emergence of hybrid power-train vehicles. An attractive solution to meeting these demands is to extract the electrical energy by means of a generator driven by a high speed exhaust mounted turbine, a technology which is beginning to emerge commercially. This paper is concerned with the design of a system, which extends this concept to enable both electrical generation and highly flexible air management. The heart of the system is a high-speed switched reluctance (SR) electrical machine, the rotor of which is located on a common shaft with the turbine and compressor wheels of a standard commercially available turbocharger. The design synthesis of an SR machine capable of meeting the required performance specification is particularly onerous given the harsh environment in which

Calverley, S. D., Jewell, G. W., Saunders, R. J.

A Phenomenological Model for Accurate and Time Efficient Prediction of Heat Release and Exhaust Emissions in Direct-Injection Diesel Engines

1999-01-153505/03/1999

A phenomenological multi-zone model for prediction of heat release and exhaust emissions in DI Diesel engines is developed in an attempt to diminish the common trade-off between model accuracy and computing efficiency. This task is achieved by uncoupling the kinetic emission models from the detailed calculations of spray formation and heat release, which allows to substantially reduce the number of zones in that the kinetics of NOx- and soot-formation have to be solved. The predicted results of the model are compared with experimental data obtained from a turbo-charged, high-speed Diesel engine. The results for heat release and pressure histories as well as the estimated nitric oxide emissions are in good agreement with the test data, indicating that an appropriate simplification of the complex combustion process has been established. The soot model is capable of predicting trends, but there are further improvements necessary in order to produce quantitatively correct results.

Stiesch, Gunnar, Merker, Günter P.

Application of Fuzzy Sets to Turbocharger Blade Reliability Analysis

1999-01-005003/01/1999

The Fuzzy sets theory into reliability analyses is studied. In this paper, a novel approach is presented to use the finite element analysis as a “numerical experiment” tool, and to find directly, by fuzzy linear regression method, the statistical property of the structure stress. Based on the fuzzy stress-random strength interference model proposed in this paper, the fuzzy reliability of the mechanical structure can be evaluated. The compressor blade of a given turbocharger is then introduced as a realistic example to illustrate the approach.

Bing, Li, Meilin, Zhu, Yong, Zhang

Development of VFT (Variable Flow Turbocharger)

1999-01-124203/01/1999

With the world-wide trend to protect the environment, emission legislation is becoming increasingly stringent. The role of cars is being reviewed from the point of the view of preserving the global environment and it has led to the development of vehicles that are environment-friendly. At same time, vehicles are also required with more comfort and better driveability than ever before. To meet these requirements, usage of turbocharged diesel engines are being increased and recently the variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) such as VNT has received a lot of attention within the automotive industry, as it has the significant benefit of being able to increase engine torque in the low speed region without compromising performance in the high speed region. Aisin Seiki has now succeeded in developing a novel type of variable turbocharger, called Variable Flow Turbocharger (VFT),which has a very simple structure that overcomes the disadvantages of commercially available VGTs. This report

Kawaguchi, Jun, Adachi, Kazunari, Kono, Shinji, Kawakami, Toshiro

Performance of a Turbocharger Compressor With a Range of Low Solidity Vaned Diffusers

98077202/23/1998

The performance of a centrifugal compressor with a range of low solidity diffuser vanes is discussed. The effect of vane leading and trailing edge angle was investigated while maintaining a basic design with 10 vanes and a solidity of 0.69. The diffuser vanes were designed with a circular arc camberline and a specified leading edge angle. The trailing edge angle was varied by specifying a range of angles through which the vanes turned. Vanes with leading edge angles of 65°, 70°, 75°, and 80° were considered together with vane turning angles of 10°, 15° and 20°. All results are compared with those obtained with the standard vaneless diffuser configuration. Despite the low solidity configuration none of the vane designs provided a broad operating range and it would be necessary to deploy a variable geometry arrangement. Vane designs with a leading edge angle of 65° showed a premature surge, and whilst vane designs with a leading edge angle of 80° suppressed surge poor performance

Eynon, P. A., Whitfield, A.

Predicting Vehicle Turbocharged Diesel Engine Performance at Altitude

96182608/01/1996

A method is developed for predicting vehicle turbocharged diesel engine performance over a broad range of altitude and ambient temperature at constant fuel rate and engine speed. This method contains the calculation for changes in turbocharger characteristic with varying ambient conditions, and reflects the compensation offered by turbocharging system for reducing air inlet density at altitude, and is simple without involving engine thermodynamic cycle simulation. Using this method with engine performance and turbocharger characteristic measured at some ambient condition, the engine performance and turbocharger characteristic at desired altitude and ambient temperature can be predicted. The calculations are carried out for two vehicle turbocharged non-intercooled diesel engines by using this method, and are validated by comparing the calculated and experimental results. The effects of altitude up to 6000 meters and within a ambient temperature range of 258- 318 K on vehicle

Xiaoping, Bi, Gengyun, Zhang, Xiaojing, Zheng

Injected Heavy-Duty Propane Engine

96168808/01/1996

A Cummins C8.3 heavy-duty engine has been modified for operation on propane. The engine is spark ignited with a unique combustion chamber design to allow operation at lean mixtures to provide low emissions. The engine uses a dedicated microprocessor control system that provides ignition timing, fuel injection quantity and timing, and engine speed governing functions. The controller also uses adaptive learning to speed up its response. A special turbocharger with integral wastegate gives the required boost and control over its operating range. The engine produces 187 kW at 2100 rpm with low fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. The engine is demonstrated in a heavy-duty truck used for propane delivery. In order to fit a confined engine compartment, the new fuel system was designed to fit into the same envelope as the existing diesel engine.

Perry, G. Campbell, Ursu, Buerebista, Filetti, Tony, Yip, Doug

Performance Development of a New Axially Moveable Vane Turbocharger

96174708/01/1996

An axially movable vane turbocharger has been modified based on the basic aerodynamic design principles, and good performance is obtained. The details of design and engine bench testing results of several vane variations are presented, and the most suitable assembly nozzle with two separate vanes is then developed. These have produced a simple design with a minimum number of the moving parts. Experimental data also show that the new turbocharger efficiently expands the effective torque band and get the low fuel consumption at a wide engine speed range.

Shao, Jianhua, Ogura, Masaru, Yoshino, Msaji, Liu, Yungang

Sequential Hydro-Supercharging System for Turbodiesels

96174408/01/1996

The reduction of particulate emissions of turbodiesel powered vehicles has limited the amount of fuel that can be injected at low engine speeds. Supercharging under these conditions provides increased air flow, increased BMEP and reduction of smoke. A Sequential Hydro-Supercharging System (SHS) has been developed to provide increased air flow to the engine in a controllable fashion over the engine's entire speed and load ranges. The SHS utilizes two standard turbocharger compressor impellers driven by well proven, miniature, high speed, high efficiency hydraulic turbines. Each of these turbines is capable of producing 10 HP at 70,000 rpm. A complete SHS package suitable for a 230 hp turbodiesel is comprised of two TO4B size hydro-superchargers, two sequential gear pumps, solenoid valves, oil cooler and a 2 liter oil tank. The entire SHS weighs less than 16 kilograms.

Kapich, Davorin D.

Development of Turbocharger for Improving Passenger Car Acceleration

96001802/01/1996

Recently, passenger cars require better acceleration from low engine speed including starting-up in order to decrease the amount of paticulate matter (PM) of diesel engines or to improve the driver's feeling. However, turbocharged cars generally have worse response than the non turbo cars because it takes a few seconds to get the turbocharger rotate up to high speed, usually called “Turbo-lag”. In order to solve this, various technologies have been developed for a turbocharger itself as well as for charging system such as the sequential system. Here in this paper, we focus on the development of the following turbocharger technology to reduce Turbo-lag and to achieve better transient response. 1. MIXED-FLOW TURBINE IMPELLER 2. TWIN ENTRY TURBINE HOUSING 3. BALL BEARING SYSTEM 4. SEPARATED THRUST BEARING SYSTEM

Watanabe, Tsuyoshi, Koike, Takaaki, Ikeya, Nobuyuki, Sakakida, Masaru

Items per page:

1 – 50 of 113