SAE J4001 provides instruction for evaluating levels of compliance to SAE J4000. Component text (Sections 4 to 9) from SAE J4000 is included for convenience during the evaluation process. Applicable definitions and references are contained in SAE J4000. SAE J4000 tests lean implementation within a manufacturing organization and includes those areas of direct overlap with the organization’s suppliers and customers. If applied to each consecutive organizational link, an enterprise level evaluation can be made. SAE J4001 relates the following approximate topic percentages to the implementation process as a whole: SAE J4001 is to be applied on a specific component basis. Each of the 52 components tests part of, one, or multiples of the specific requirements of lean implementation. Implementation throughout an organization may be measured by evaluating all of the components. The level of compliance for each component relative to best practice may be used as a reference by an organization to

Automotive Quality and Process Improvement Committee

Implementation of Lean Operation User Manual

J4001_202109-TEST-REC (Historical)09/21/2021

Automotive Quality and Process Improvement Committee

Development of Vehicle NVH Refinement Strategy Using Simulations at Concept Stage of Product Development

2021-01-111808/31/2021

Best in class noise and vibration performance is imperative for the product to stay ahead of competition. All OEMs put their valuable resources in the pursuit of First Time Right products. Each OEM has a unique product development process to deliver the desired product. NVH is one of the key performance and quality parameter which influences the customer’s decision to choose the product. The better the NVH, the better the perception and the brand image. The main sources of NVH are Powertrain and Road. OEMS have high degree of freedom at the beginning of the product development to study and evaluate various concepts and technologies that could be provided as features of the product. Virtual simulations are used at the full potential to predict the various issues that may arise during the product development and integration phase, to develop resolution mechanism and optimization of resources .This paper shows the approach applied during the concept stage for predicting the weakness and

J, Prajith, Sagade, Vinayak

Path Planning Algorithm of Automatic Perpendicular Parking in Constrained Parking Space

2021-01-091104/06/2021

This article focuses on the implementation of a perpendicular parking assistance and more precisely, the path planner of the perpendicular parking. An iterative algorithm is adopted consisting of two steps. Firstly, whether the vehicle can reverse or drive park into the desired slot in one maneuver is checked. Secondly, a sequence of backward and forward moving is implemented from the original position, until the vehicle reaches a configuration of states from which it can be pulled into the parking slot. In both steps, the constraints of parking space and vehicle dynamics are considered. Simulation examples demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed path planning strategy are presented.

Ye, Fei, Lu, Hui, Qi, Cheng

Medical Device Innovation: Three Keys to Success in the Face of COVID-19

TBMG-3785110/01/2020

There are no shortages of innovative ideas that advance medical technology. The challenge is how to bring great ideas to market within today’s regulatory environment, reimbursement structure, and within a reasonable timeline and budget. With the added challenges of dealing with the uncertainties and shelter-in-place requirements in response to COVID-19, it is especially difficult to keep up with the schedules, budgets, and project goals. What separates those organizations that consistently deliver innovation, maintain competitive advantages, and achieve commercial success?

Automated Highway Driving Motion Decision Based on Optimal Control Theory

2020-01-013004/14/2020

According to driving scenarios, intelligent vehicle is mainly applied on urban driving, highway driving and close zone driving, etc. As one of the most valuable developments, automated highway driving has great progress. This paper focuses on automated highway driving decision, and considering decision efficiency and feasibility, a hierarchical motion planning algorithm based on dynamic programming was proposed, and simultaneously, road coordinate transformation methods were developed to deal with complex road conditions. At first, all transportation user states are transformed into straight road coordinate to simplify modeling and planning, then a set of candidate paths with Bezier form was developed and with the help of obstacles motion prediction, the feasible target paths with collision-free were remains, and via comparing vehicle performance for feasible path, the optimal driving trajectory was generated. At last, the optimal control model was applied to obtain the motion

Yang, Wei, Ling, Zheng, Li, Yinong

A Dynamic Trajectory Planning for Automatic Vehicles Based on Improved Discrete Optimization Method

2020-01-012004/14/2020

The dynamic trajectory planning problem for automatic vehicles in complex traffic scenarios is investigated in this paper. A hierarchical motion planning framework is developed to complete the complex planning task. An improved dangerous potential field in the curvilinear coordinate system is constructed to describe the collision risk of automatic vehicles accurately instead of the discrete Gaussian convolution algorithm. At the same time, the driving comfort is also considered in order to generate an optimal, smooth, collision-free and feasible path in dynamics. The optimal path can be mapped into the Cartesian coordinate system simply and conveniently. Furthermore, a velocity profile considering practical vehicle dynamics is also presented to improve the safety and the comfort in driving. The effectiveness of the proposed dynamic trajectory planning is verified by numerical simulation for several typical traffic scenarios.

Zeng, Pengyun, Ling, Zheng

SUPPLIER EYE

20AUTP04_0704/01/2020

Just when it seems that the industry isn't facing enough challenges, COVID-19 swoops in out of the blue. No extraneous shock that's hit the automotive sector in the past decade-including a tsunami, floods, tornados, critical-supplier facility fires and multi-week labor stoppages-compares with this global health crisis. To an extent, the previous events have had a defined impact with a light at the tunnel's end. COVID-19's full impact is much less certain. Both short- and long-term ramifications are likely to result from COVID-19. Beyond the obvious threat to life, the industry must grapple with new supply-and-demand challenges. While disruptions first became obvious through China's Wuhan area, the interconnected automotive supply chain immediately rose to the surface. Subsequent issues in other parts of China, South Korea, Italy and other countries have and will certainly stress the global ecosystem. I doubt that all issues will be behind us soon, though I'm hopeful that the virus's

Q&A

20AUTP04_1504/01/2020

With a growing number of R&D activities centered on advanced mobility, defining and aligning the efforts are the goals of a newly created position at Toyota Motor North America: Group VP of Advanced Mobility R&D. In that role, Jeff Makarewicz is focused on technical, business and product strategy/planning. Makarewicz was previously the group VP of the Vehicle, Quality, & Safety Engineering function responsible for Vehicle Performance, Materials Engineering, Safety Research and Quality Promotion. He joined TMNA R&D in 1990 as an engineer in the Materials Engineering Department and has held various positions in the areas of product planning, research, design, development and evaluation.

A Study on the Development of Aerostructures Design for Assembly Guidelines and Their Effective Use to Proactively Identify Opportunities for Improvement in Mitigating Common Defects of the Aerostructures Assembly

2020-01-000903/10/2020

An Aircraft’s assembly process plays a vital part in its design, development and production phases and contributes to about half of the Total cost spent in its entire product lifecycle. Design For Assembly (DFA®) principles have been one of the proven effective methodologies in Automotive and Process industries. Use of DFA® principles have resulted in proactively simplifying and optimizing engineering designs with reduced product costs, and improved efficiencies in product design and performance. Standardization of Assembly guidelines is vital for “Design and Build” and “Build-To-Print” manufacturing supplier organizations. However, Standardizing design methodologies, through use of proven tools like Advanced Product Quality Planning, (APQP) are still in the initial stages in Aerospace part and process design processes. Thus, there is a tremendous opportunity for research on the application of the existing DFA® guidelines to optimize Engineering Aerospace Assembly processes aiming to

Rajamani, Mani Rathinam, Punna, Eshwaraiah

Algorithm Gives Robots a Faster Grasp

TBMG-3561512/01/2019

A robot that's sorting through a bin of objects and attempting to get a good grasp on one of them is performing a computationally taxing maneuver. Before even attempting the move, it must calculate a litany of properties and probabilities such as the friction and geometry of the table, the pen, and its two fingers, and how various combinations of these properties interact mechanically based on fundamental laws of physics.

Estimation of Fuel Consumption and CO ₂ Emissions of Car Travel in Transportation Planning: The Lazio Region Case Study

2019-24-025210/07/2019

In transportation planning studies, equilibrium traffic flows and speeds are commonly post-processed to provide estimates of fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions are tightly linked to fuel consumption. Two methods for this estimation are compared in the paper, depending on whether the fuel consumption factor (per vehicle-km travelled) of different vehicle classes is independent (first method) or dependent (second method) on the average speed of the individual links of the road network. Fuel consumption and emission factors are from the COPERT database by the European Environment Agency. The analysis restricts to cars. The results of the Lazio region case study (Italy) are indicative that the magnitude of the bias that affect the first method compared with the more detailed second method can be as high as 20%.

Briglia, Sonia, Delle Site, Paolo

Ground Control- Using Fiber Optics to Reduce Electrical Ground Interaction

2019-01-138103/19/2019

The increase in the use of composite structures and components is revealing some contiguous consequences for the design of electrical systems: a) reduced electrical shielding and its effects on EMI compatibility, and b) the absence of electrical capacity from global electrical grounds. The first consequence can be mitigated by carefully following best practices for EMI compatibility, allowing for the weight and cost for shielding and other necessary components. The second consequence has been discovered in other industries. Supply and ground circuits must now be carefully planned and risk-analyzed because the power delivery circuits interact. Supply circuits are now more subject to voltage drops across supply and ground lines. Regulated supply voltage levels may interact; an unexpected dropout in one of several supplies can potentially affect all others. This paper has three objectives: The first is an alert that the consequence of reducing the number of high capacity ground circuits

Mazurowski, John

Tackling Clinical Evaluation Head On

TBMG-3357401/01/2019

When a medical device is placed on the market, it is critical for the manufacturer to demonstrate through appropriate Conformity Assessments (CAs) that the device complies with the Essential Requirements (ERs) as set out in the Medical Devices Directives (MDD). The manufacturer needs to demonstrate that the device achieves its intended purpose, that any known (or possibly foreseeable) risks are minimized and weighed against the benefits of the intended use, and that any claims about the device's performance are supported by evidence.

Simulation Optimization of the NASA Mars Fuel In-Situ Resource Utilization and Its Infrastructure

2018-01-196310/30/2018

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) current objectives include expanding space exploration and planning a manned expedition to Mars. In order to meet the latter objective, it is imperative that humans generate their own products by harnessing space resources, a process referred to as In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU). ISRU will enable NASA to reduce both payload mass and mission cost by reducing the number of consumables required to be launched from Earth. The discrete-event simulation discussed focuses primarily on one ISRU system, the production of fuel for a return trip to Earth by utilizing Mar’s atmosphere and regolith. This ISRU system primarily uses autonomous rovers for exploration, excavation, processing of Mar’s regolith to produce fuel, and disposal of the processed regolith. This study explores individual rover and component requirements including rover speeds, travel distances, functional periods, charging, and maintenance times. The interactions

Vezina, Ashley, Coutts, Lindsey, Cohen, Emily, Burns, David

Multi-Domain Command and Control (MDC2)

TBMG-2839502/01/2018

We are at an inflection point in the evolution of warfare. While technology is rapidly increasing pace, it is also creating an expansion into multiple, parallel domains, and giving enemy forces more options for both disruption and defense. Technology advances are a key factor to successes spanning the spectrum from humanitarian efforts to complex anti-access/area-denial environments. However, technology is only an enabler, and mindsets must change to allow the technology to be a tool for success, and not ignored due to antiquated doctrine, policies, and guidance.

APT Web Tool

TBMG-2832002/01/2018

Project planning data collected by the Analysis, Planning, and Tracking (APT) system during the planning cycle previously was available to users via an email request to a data administrator who would pull data from the database, format as requested, and respond via email. Access to the data was limited by the availability of the data administrator. The APT Web Tool greatly expands data accessibility, while still providing some of the custom filtering and formatting that the e-mail request process provided.

Multi-Domain Command and Control (MDC2)

18AERP02_0102/01/2018

Changing the Face of Modern Warfare We are at an inflection point in the evolution of warfare. While technology is rapidly increasing pace, it is also creating an expansion into multiple, parallel domains, and giving enemy forces more options for both disruption and defense. Technology advances are a key factor to successes spanning the spectrum from humanitarian efforts to complex anti-access/area-denial environments. However, technology is only an enabler, and mindsets must change to allow the technology to be a tool for success, and not ignored due to antiquated doctrine, policies, and guidance. MDC2 represents a new way of thinking about how to coordinate force employment across multiple warfighting domains, and bridging capabilities from old and new technologies. MDC2 itself is not a new technology, but rather a mindset for operational planning, and creating systems that can more easily talk and coordinate with each other. Successful MDC2 will require tendrils and communications

Software Improves Ability of Robots to Communicate with Humans

TBMG-2815501/01/2018

A software system was developed that helps robots more effectively act on spoken instructions — no matter how abstract or specific those instructions may be — from people who by nature give commands that range from simple and straightforward, to those that are more complex and imply a myriad of subtasks.

A Discrete-Event Simulation of the NASA Fuel Production Plant on Mars

2017-01-201709/19/2017

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is preparing for a manned mission to Mars to test the sustainment of civilization on the planet Mars. This research explores the requirements and feasibility of autonomously producing fuel on Mars for a return trip back to Earth. As a part of NASA’s initiative for a manned trip to Mars, our team’s work creates and analyzes the allocation of resources necessary in deploying a fuel station on this foreign soil. Previous research has addressed concerns with a number individual components of this mission such as power required for fuel station and tools; however, the interactions between these components and the effects they would have on the overall requirements for the fuel station are still unknown to NASA. By creating a baseline discrete-event simulation model in a simulation software environment, the research team has been able to simulate the fuel production process on Mars. This research will mainly utilize the fuel component

Ninah, Catherine, Strevens, Brian, Barcia, Cole, Labbe, Isabelle, Frenna, Michael, Faulconer, Austin, Habbaba, Keon, Loundy, Katherine, Schaefer, Louis, Frost, Alexa, Foran, Andrew, Brown, Robert, Rabelo, Luis

System and Method for Space Utilization Optimization and Visualization

TBMG-2552110/01/2016

NASA’s Langley Research Center has developed a space-allocation and planning software system to allow for more effective and efficient facility usage. It also provides a customizable strategy for organizing personnel and project teams to maximize productivity and synergies among employees. Cost-reduction solutions are suggested based on organizational input constraints related to the facility. The program uses a standard Web browser to allow for visualization of an entire organization down to individual rooms. The planning tool is based on algorithms that were developed using ArcGIS software and Visual Basic codes, which enable evaluation of different space-management scenarios in real time.

A Potential Field Based Lateral Planning Method for Autonomous Vehicles

2016-01-187409/14/2016

As one of the key technologies in autonomous driving, the lateral planning module guides the lateral movement during the driving process. An integrated lateral planning module should consider the non-holonomic constraints of a vehicle, the optimization of the generated trajectory and the applicability to various scenarios. However, the current lateral planning methods can only meet parts of these requirements. In order to satisfy all the performance requirements above, a novel Potential Field (PF) based lateral planning method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a PF model is built to describe the potential risk of the traffic entities, including the obstacles, road boundaries and lines. The potential fields of these traffic entities are determined by their properties and the traffic regulations. Secondly, the planning algorithm is presented, which comprises three modules: state prediction, state search and trajectory generation. The state prediction is realized through the lateral

Tu, Qiang, Chen, Hui, Li, Jiancong

Engineering & Operations Council Organization and Operation Manual

EIAEP2F (Current)06/16/2016

Systems Management Council

CDIF - CASE Data Interchange Format - Overview

EIAIS106 (Current)06/15/2016

The CDIF Family of Standards is primarily designed to be used as a description of a mechanism for transferring information between CASE tools. It facilitates a successful transfer when the authors of the importing and exporting tools have nothing in common except an agreement to conform to CDIF. The CDIF Family of Standards includes an Integrated Meta-model and a Transfer Format definition. It also includes the specification of a meta-meta-model and associated rules that define a framework for the Integrated Meta-model and the Transfer Format. The language that is defined for the Transfer Format also has applicability as a general language for Import/Export for repositories. The CDIF Integrated Meta-model also has applicability as the basis of standard definitions for use in repositories. The diagram in Figure 1 depicts the various standards that comprise the CDIF Family of Standards. The shaded box depicts this Standard and its position in the CDIF Family of Standards. This document

Systems Management Council

HOW TO: SAE 2016 Congress Mobile App

1209212/29/2015

Download the World Congress mobile app for your smartphone or tablet, to make planning your Congress Experience easy! LEARN about event features, speakers, and sessions. PLAN your trip and your stay in Detroit. SCHEDULE your time at the event. CONNECT with speakers, exhibitors, and attendees. Learn more at www.sae.org/congress.

Space Network Access System (SNAS)

TBMG-2348712/01/2015

SNAS is a single, universally accessible, standards-based, full-featured customer interface for performing Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) planning, scheduling, and real-time service monitoring and control. It consolidates functionality of multiple legacy customer interface systems into a single system, and is the primary access system for managing TDRSS resources.

Spitzer Integrated Resource Planning and Scheduling System (SIRPASS)

TBMG-2305610/01/2015

This decision support system provides an integrated platform for assessing the quality of Spitzer scheduling options. The application aids in scheduling instrument selection, assigns schedule times to specific observation requests, and generates stored sequence products destined for execution on the Spitzer Space Telescope.

Configuration Management Data Exchange and Interoperability

EIA836B (Current)09/26/2015

The primary focus of this standard is information of interest to Configuration Management (CM) practitioners related to the performance of CM functions as products are conceived, proposed, defined, developed, produced, operated, maintained, modified, and disposed. This information is stored when generated and, from time to time, must be moved or shared with others. This standard, through the use of the Data Dictionary, defines real world things of interest to the CM practitioner, which are the foundation of the following CM functional areas, and are needed for effective data exchange and interoperability: Configuration Management Planning and Management; Configuration Identification; Configuration Change Management; Configuration Audit; Configuration Verification; Configuration Status Accounting.

G-33 Configuration Management

Utilizing Discrete Event Simulation for Schedule Analysis: Processes and Lessons Learned from NASA's GOPD Integrated Timeline Model

2015-01-239709/15/2015

In planning, simulation models create microcosms, small universes that operate based on assumed principles. While this can be powerful, the information it can provide is limited by the assumptions made and the designed operation of the model. When performing schedule planning and analysis, modelers are often provided with timelines representing project tasks, their relationships, and estimates related to durations, resource requirements, etc. These timelines can be created with programs such as Microsoft Excel or Microsoft Project. There are several important attributes these timelines have; they represent a nominal flow (meaning they do not represent stochastic processes), and they are not necessarily governed by dates or subjected to a calendar. Attributes such as these become important in project planning since timelines often serve as the basis for creating schedules. Simulation techniques such as discrete event simulation (DES) provide the opportunity to introduce variability into

Conner, Angelo C., Rabelo, Luis

Extendable Uniform Remote Operations Planning Architecture (EUROPA) 2.1

TBMG-22209

06/01/2015

The EUROPA planning system is a general-purpose, reusable, artificial intelligence software system for automatically generating plans for performing complex activities in parallel, in accordance with constraints on activities and their interactions. One part of the system input is a domain model, which describes the subsystems in question, their possible activities, and the associated constraints. The other part is a plan request, consisting of a set of activities and constraints among them. Given these two inputs, the system will try to find a complete plan that allows all aspects of the plan request to be done, while satisfying the constraints specified in the domain model. This functionality includes the capability of verifying that a plan satisfies all constraints. The system is designed to allow different techniques to be used to complete or verify plans.

JAUS Mission Spooling Service Set

AS6062 (Historical)

04/24/2015

This document defines a set of standard application layer interfaces called JAUS Mission Spooling Services. JAUS Services provide the means for software entities in an unmanned system or system of unmanned systems to communicate and coordinate their activities. The Mission Spooling Services represent the platform-independent capabilities commonly found across all domains and types of unmanned systems. At present, 1 service is defined in this document (more services are planned for future versions of this document): Mission Spooler: Stores mission plans, coordinates mission plans, and parcels out elements of the mission plan for execution The Mission Spooler service is described by a JAUS Service Definition (JSD) which specifies the message set and protocol required for compliance. The JSD is fully compliant with the JAUS Service Interface Definition Language [JSIDL].

AS-4JAUS Joint Architecture for Unmanned Systems Committee

JAUS Mission Spooling Service Set

AS6062-TEST-REC (Historical)04/24/2015

AS-4JAUS Joint Architecture for Unmanned Systems Committee

Advantages of Simulation Based Reliability Growth Planning

2015-01-043904/14/2015

The current reliability growth planning model used by the US Army, the Planning Model for Projection Methodology (PM2), is insufficient for the needs of the Army. This paper will detail the limitations of PM2 that cause Army programs to develop reliability growth plans that incorporate unrealistic assumptions and often demand that infeasible levels of reliability be achieved. In addition to this, another reliability growth planning model being developed to address some of these limitations, the Bayesian Continuous Planning Model (BCPM), will be discussed along with its own limitations. This paper will also cover a third reliability growth planning model that is being developed which incorporates the advantageous features of PM2 and BCPM but replaces the unrealistic assumptions with more realistic and customizable ones. The internal workings of this new Tank Automotive Research Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC) developed simulation-based model will be delved into with a focus

Kosinski, Daniel B.

A Comparison of the Performance and Power Requirements for Various Active Suspensions with Gain Scheduling Strategies

2015-01-061604/14/2015

In this paper, passive and various types of intelligent vehicle suspension systems are compared in terms of their relative ride performance capabilities and power requirements. These systems are active, two and three setting switchable dampers suspension systems. The control gains of the intelligent systems are obtained using optimal control theory and gain scheduling strategy (GS) is used for the system behaviour. In the first strategy (GS) used, gains are selected based on suspension working space. While, the other strategy (GS), gains are selected based on body acceleration. These strategies are used to maintain suspension working space and dynamic tyre deflection levels within design limits and to minimise body acceleration level. The mean power consumed in rolling resistance and the mean power dissipation within the suspensions is evaluated. The results showed that the active with gain scheduling strategy gives better ride improvements compared with the active system in terms of

Soliman, Aref M.A.

SAE 2015 World Congress Preview

TBMG-2178304/01/2015

The SAE World Congress, presented by SAE International, assembles the best talent in the automotive industry. Experts, management teams, engineers, and executives gather to collaborate and address current challenges, and seek new opportunities for discovery and exploration. The theme of the 2015 World Congress — held in Detroit from April 21-23 — is Leading Mobility Innovation, and challenges engineers to create mobility for the future through innovative technologies.

TOYOTA LOOKS FOR MORE FROM COLLEGE STUDENTS THAN HIGH GPA

15MOMP04_0404/01/2015

“Those that participate in an SAE related-activity display passion for the automotive industry, and these candidates are ideal for our organization.” MOMENTUM recently reached out to several automakers to see if they'd be willing to offer some insights into what they look for in college students as prospective employees. Toyota, which as of Feb. 5 had about 250 open “engineering and technical positions” at Toyota Technical Center (Toyota's engineering unit in the U.S.), was the first to respond. TTC currently employs about 1200 people overall but, per company policy, the engineering unit does not break that figure down by department. Below is an email Q/A exchange between MOMENTUM and Amy Stone, Assistant Manager, Technical Administration & Planning Office, Toyota Technical Center.

Lunar Mapper v1

TBMG-20943

11/01/2014

Lunar Mapper (LM) is a Web-based software that allows visualization of lunar spatial data layers acquired from lunar missions and other sources. The data includes imagery, digital elevation models, resource maps, and model output. LM is accessed using standard Web browsers and uses open-source tools and libraries. The data is stored on remote servers and viewed by the LM Web client. LM allows creation of project files to save user-specific data for future retrieval and collaboration.