Browse Topic: Head-up displays

Items (85)

Cadillac reveals Lyriq electric vehicle

20AUTP09_1209/01/2020

Cadillac recently revealed its Lyriq crossover, the first of a coming stable of electric vehicles (EVs) from Cadillac and GM's other brands. And although Cadillac already trails many other luxury-brand rivals in launching an EV, the Lyriq - which Cadillac for now is choosing to call a “show car” - will not be in showrooms until sometime in late 2022. The midsize, five-passenger crossover is built on GM's dedicated EV architecture and will be powered by the company's new Ultium lithium-ion battery system (https://www.sae.org/news/2020/03/gm-electrification-unveil) in an approximately 100-kW pack capacity that is claimed to provide up to 300 miles (482 km) of driving range. The Lyriq also will be fitted with the latest version of GM's Super Cruise (SAE Level 3) assisted-driving capability that adds automatic lane-changing to the hands-off driving experience on approximately 200,000 miles (321,868-km) of high-definition-mapped U.S. roads.

ONav and GeoPixel™ Web-Based Navigation for the Collection of Aerial Imagery

TBMG-3747008/01/2020

ONav is a heads-up navigation display for pilots for coastal imagery acquisition. The system is built on the Linux operating system (Debian) and utilizes a number of open-source tools and data sources.

WHAT WE'RE DRIVING

20AUTP04_0804/01/2020

For the Lincoln of my experience - and I'm not particularly young - I haven't been able to understand the “sell” of the brand. Low sales numbers and decades of declining prestige seemed to have long indicated a “cut your losses” argument for Ford to ditch its premium marque. But if the 2020 Aviator is the building block of things to come, there's hope. This all-new platform, sensibly shared with the volume-play Ford Explorer, returns Lincoln to the longitudinal engine/rear-drive layout that luxury vehicles are supposed to have. As a result, the Aviator is as responsive and athletic as you can expect a three-row, 16.5-foot-long crossover to be.

How HMI displays impact operator productivity in industrial vehicles

19TOFHP10_1110/01/2019

The latest research indicates that well-integrated HMI (human-machine interface) systems lead to more attentive users that better retain task-related information and stay focused for longer with less reported effort. These systems also fit into the wider development trends in off-highway machines that affect operator fatigue in day-to-day tasks. Operator comfort includes more than just the cushioning in their seats; it is everything that surrounds a driver as they operate a vehicle-steering wheel height, pedal positioning, seat support, harnessing and control interface. Research from Norway and Italy as part of an overall European Union study looking into HMI in heavy machines has shown the importance of ergonomics in reducing operator fatigue. Research from Markus Wallmyr, head of UX at CrossControl and a researcher with Mälardalen University in Sweden, has demonstrated the importance of display placement in improving information detection and the effectiveness of operator aids.

Wallmyr, Markus

Flight Deck Lighting for Commercial Transport Aircraft

ARP4103A (Current)09/17/2019

This document recommends design and performance criteria for aircraft lighting systems used to illuminate flight deck controls, luminous visual displays used for transfer of information, and flight deck background and instrument surfaces that form the flight deck visual environment. This document is for commercial transport aircraft except for applications requiring night vision compatibility.

A-20A Crew Station Lighting

Flight Compartment Glare

ARP6161-TEST-REC (Historical)10/18/2017

This document is a tool for the certifying authority, cockpit designers, instrument suppliers, lighting suppliers, and component suppliers. It is an aid to understanding and meeting relavant regulatory requirements, particularly those relating to pilot compartment view {CFR 25.773(a)(2)} and instrument lights {25.1381(a)(2)} for glare arising from visible eletromagnetic radiation.

A-20A Crew Station Lighting

Flight Compartment Glare

ARP6161 (Current)10/18/2017

This document is a tool for the certifying authority, cockpit designers, instrument suppliers, lighting suppliers, and component suppliers. It is an aid to understanding and meeting relavant regulatory requirements, particularly those relating to pilot compartment view {CFR 25.773(a)(2)} and instrument lights {25.1381(a)(2)} for glare arising from visible eletromagnetic radiation.

A-20A Crew Station Lighting

Continental unveils new 3D display cluster

17AUTP10_1110/01/2017

Continental is developing its innovative 3D instrument display cluster with the aim of bringing it to production within the next 24-36 months. The display, previewed by Automotive Engineering at a recent technology meeting, features a high-definition (1920 × 720 pixel) 12.3-in screen but is suitable for displays measuring 15 in. “The proliferation of displays in the interior of the cabin allows for more individuality, variety of shapes and appearances” a Continental engineer explained, adding, “Instead of relying on flat, one-dimensional surfaces, we are offering a solution that allows designers to play with the interior in a creative and cost-efficient way.”

A 3D Full Windshield Head Up Display

2017-01-215609/19/2017

A new concept of Head Up Display is presented, using the windshield as a transparent screen. This breakthrough technology does not need the use of complex combiner, bulky optics and overhead projection unit. The novel system uses several holographic optical elements to perform a 3D stereoscopic display, with the ability to present floating graphical objects in a large field of view. Augmented Reality display will be possible, increasing considerably the User Experience and situational awareness, without the need of wearing a bulky and complex Head Mounted Display.

Coni, Philippe, BARDON, Jean Luc, servantie, Xavier

New York auto show: Lincoln unveils all-new, aluminum-bodied 2018 Navigator

17AUTP05_1305/01/2017

Ford's Lincoln luxury-vehicle unit revealed the 2018 Navigator fullsize SUV at the 2017 New York auto show by touting its blend of smart basic engineering and smart features. Like the recently-revealed Ford Expedition, its Lincoln counterpart is fitted with weight-saving aluminum bodywork to cut roughly 200 lb (91 kg) from the curb weight and help offset the mass of the new Navigator's copious luxury and advanced driver-assist features.

Haptic feedback for gesture-control HMI

17AUTP04_0404/01/2017

Mid-air gesture controls rely on sophisticated sensing to aid the human-machine interface and help keep drivers' eyes on the road. Gesture control is becoming more commonplace in many of the devices we use in our daily lives, from games consoles, swiping and pinching on mobile phones, to point-of-sale devices such as ticketing systems in train stations. The automotive segment is already adopting gesture control for infotainment systems as well as serving as a human-machine interface (HMI) for subsystems such as the sunroof, climate control and audio. BMW's latest 7 Series and 5 Series offer an HMI system that can detect four different gestures: setting the car's navigation, browsing apps and starting the audio, answering phone calls and controlling the on-board computer. Volkswagen last year announced gesture controls on its Golf and pledges to spread the technology across its model ranges. Other major OEMs have the technology in their product pipelines.

Automotive Engineering: March 2017

17AUTP0303/02/2017

Thought leadership at WCX17 Lucid Motors' David Moseley: EV or ICE, "It is all physics" New eye on the road One of the industry's hottest tech suppliers is blazing the autonomy trail by crowd-sourcing safe routes and using AI to learn to negotiate the road. Mobileye's co-founder and CTO explains. Hard, slick and ready to roll A tough, self-renewing catalyst coating developed at Argonne National Laboratory provides unprecedented friction and wear protection for vehicle powertrains, the inventors claim. Sensor ICs, semiconductors and safety To achieve ISO 26262 compliance, engineering practices must be taken to a higher level. The following insights may prove valuable for getting there. New VCR targets 40% BTE Variable-compression ratio with VVA from France's MCE-5. Editorial: Nation of Innovation SAE Standards News Sharpening the focus on OBD-II security Supplier Eye Smaller suppliers facing global challenges Chicago auto show: All-new 2018 Ford Expedition gets aluminum body, 10-speed

I.D. Buzz: VW's latest future-look Microbus

17AUTP02_1402/01/2017

It's a VW Microbus for future generations, an electric van capable of fully autonomous driving. But at this point, it's only a concept. “We want to re-ignite America's love for Volkswagen. And we are fully committed to the future of mobility-smart, sustainable, affordable-that is the new Volkswagen,” proclaimed Dr. Herbert Diess, Chairman of the Board of Management for the Volkswagen Brand.

Modified Monitor Provides Glasses-Free 3D for Pilots and Gamers

TBMG-2523308/01/2016

When flying the increasingly crowded skies, pilots need to have an arsenal of information: altitude, airspeed, fuel level, distance to their destination, and the location of other planes in the sky. All of this information is presented in a series of two-dimensional instruments, panels, and readouts, meaning the pilot has to mentally assemble the information and translate that into the 3D world to better understand the relationship among air, ground, and traffic. NASA has long been interested in making it as easy as possible for pilots and astronauts to have the best information available to ensure safe flights, knowing that humans are imperfect creatures.

Next Generation PVB Interlayer for Improved HUD Image Clarity

2016-01-140204/05/2016

Head-up display (HUD) technology creates inherent driver safety advantages by displaying critical information directly in the driver’s line of sight, reducing eyes off road and accommodation time. This is accomplished using a system of relay optics and windshield reflection to generate a virtual image that appears to hover over the hood near the bumper. The windshield is an integral optical component of the HUD system, but unfortunately the windshield-air interface causes a double image ghost effect as a result of refractive index change, reducing HUD image clarity. Current technology uses a constant angle wedged PVB windshield interlayer to eliminate double image at a single driver height. However, the HUD double image persists for all other viewing locations. Eastman Chemical Company has developed a new interlayer technology which eliminates the double image at all driver locations by tuning the wedge angle as a function of driver occupant seated height. The purpose of this paper is

Spangler, Lora L., Hurlbut, Jeffrey, Cashen, Daniel, Robb, Emily, Eckhart, Jim

Passengers First Light Truck - A Modern Take on a Narrow Wake

2016-01-133304/05/2016

Individuals in the United States consume twice as much energy as those in any other region. Solitary workday commutes in light vehicles are the leading reason for this difference. An electric vehicle design is proposed to help catalyze more social, higher occupancy, commuting habits - through application of existing technology. Performance criteria are: 1) attract passengers to the suburban front yard at 6:30 AM, 2) match market leading crash test performance, cargo capability, and sense of freedom, and 3) deliver easier parking, better acoustics and better passenger mile efficiency. A vehicle as a rolling event venue determines a large windscreen, side-by-side upright seating arrangements, and acoustic excellence -an experience where there are only good seats. These requirements force a decision to close the wake along a vertical line to form a narrow wake. The chassis is platform batteries with dual motor electric rear drive and undetermined front drive. Findings: 1 Narrow wake

Fontana, Edward C.

An Intuitive Lane Guidance Function

2016-01-008004/05/2016

This paper explains a performance enhancement of the lane guidance function in car navigation systems. In order to achieve intuitive lane guidance, a function is considered that displays lane guidance on an image of the front scene that matches what drivers actually see outside the vehicle. Therefore, two developed items were lane accurate positioning based on image recognition and augmented reality visualization that renders lane guidance images overlaid on the scenery of the road ahead. The eye glance time to the navigation screen has been reduced in a comparison test with a conventional lane guidance method. It is confirmed that this lane guidance function is more intuitive than the conventional method.

Miyake, Hiroyuki

Next Generation PVB Interlayer for Improved HUD Image Clarity

2016-01-1402-TEST-REC04/05/2016

Head-up display (HUD) technology creates inherent driver safety advantages by displaying critical information directly in the driver’s line of sight, reducing eyes off road and accommodation time. This is accomplished using a system of relay optics and windshield reflection to generate a virtual image that appears to hover over the hood near the bumper. The windshield is an integral optical component of the HUD system, but unfortunately the windshield-air interface causes a double image ghost effect as a result of refractive index change, reducing HUD image clarity. Current technology uses a constant angle wedged PVB windshield interlayer to eliminate double image at a single driver height. However, the HUD double image persists for all other viewing locations. Eastman Chemical Company has developed a new interlayer technology which eliminates the double image at all driver locations by tuning the wedge angle as a function of driver occupant seated height. The purpose of this paper is

Spangler, Lora L., Hurlbut, Jeffrey, Cashen, Daniel, Robb, Emily, Eckhart, Jim

2017 Cadillac XT5 debuts GM's new lightweight crossover architecture

16AUTP02_0802/01/2016

XT5 stands for Crossover Touring 5, Cadillac's all new midsized luxury utility unveiled recently at, of all places, a highend fashion show in Dubai. Slated to replace the SRX, the 2017-model XT5 made its North American debut at the 2015 Los Angeles Auto Show. Start of production begins at GM's revamped Spring Hill, TN, plant and in China in spring 2016. The XT nomenclature will adorn the Cadillac crossover range going forward, noted Cadillac President Johan de Nysschen during the Dubai event. The CT nameplate will cover the brand's cars.

Brooke, Lindsay

Google Glass for Industrial Automation

02/01/2015

Google Glass is equipped with a head-up display, camera, microphone, and bone conduction audio transducer serving as a loudspeaker. It also has vibration sensors and a touchpad integrated in the sidepieces of the headset. With these features, Google Glass is well suited for visualization, diagnostics, and service purposes, as well as for technical interventions and person-to-person communication.

Display Characteristics of FDI Head-Up Guidance System as Approved for the B-727 Airplane

AIR4742A (Current)06/11/2012

The scope of this document is limited to descriptions of the display characteristics of the Flight Dynamics, Inc. (FDI) Model 1000WS Head up Guidance System (HGS) as installed on the Boeing 727 airplane and certified by the Federal Aviation Administration for use in Category III landing operations. The symbology depicted in this document is referenced to the particular pilot task(s) for which it was designed. Also included are descriptions of operational features of the particular symbol along with any associated criteria regarding symbology constraints, source data, or position error.

G-10 Aerospace Behavioral Engineering Technology

Design and Flight Test of a Primary Flight Display Combined Vision System

11VATC4000403/19/2012

A series of flight tests were conducted to design and evaluate a Combined Vision System (CVS) that integrates a forward looking infrared video image with synthetic vision on a primary flight display. System features included colorizing the video image to mesh with the synthetic terrain background, decluttering the approach symbology to facilitate the detection of the approach lights and runway markings, creating a semi-transparent IR sky to ensure continuous situational awareness of the surrounding terrain, and annunciating the decision height to facilitate the transition to the actual runway environment. Over 100 approaches were flown during three flight test sessions. For the first flight test session pilots reviewed early CVS proofs of concept on Honeywell's Citation Sovereign. During the approach in low visibility conditions, the Pilot Flying remained head-down to 100 ft AGL, at which time he lifted his head and made a subjective judgment of whether he could easily and safely

Safety and Operational Improvements Using Head-Up Displays in Small Aircraft and Helicopters

11VATC4000303/12/2012

Small aircraft and helicopters have an increasing need for heads out presentations, which means a projected presentation of symbols and images, primarily infrared, on an optical combiner in the pilots field of view. The information presented will appear at an infinite distance i.e. the focal point is far away enabling the pilot to see the symbology superimposed on and correlated to the outside world. The driving factors for a heads out presentations are increased safety through improved situation awareness in almost all weather conditions as well as operational improvements due to reduced landing minimal prerequisites in adverse weather conditions. Also safety during taxiing and landing are improved through early detection of eventual other aircraft and objects. The landing aid is important for small aircraft like business jets that often fly into unequipped airfields. The overall benefits are reduction in number of incidents/accidents, cost savings and reduced number of diversions

Brandtberg, Hans

Making battlefield targets disappear

12OFHD0202_0502/02/2012

The use of “smart” special materials has the potential to radically alter the way military platforms are defended, and used. Numerous science-fiction-like gadgets that have appeared over the years in various James Bond movies have become everyday operational hardware for the modern warfighter. Infrared night-vision goggles, jet-powered folding-wing parachutes, moving map navigation displays, and head-up displays have all become familiar. Other innovations, such as strap-on rockets and ejector seats for cars, have not caught on.

Gardner, Richard

Making battlefield targets disappear

11AERD1214_0312/14/2011

The use of “smart” special materials has the potential to radically alter the way military platforms are defended, and used. Numerous science-fiction-like gadgets that have appeared over the years in various James Bond movies have become everyday operational hardware for the modern warfighter. Infrared night-vision goggles, jet-powered folding-wing parachutes, moving map navigation displays, and head-up displays have all become familiar. Other innovations, such as strap-on rockets and ejector seats for cars, have not caught on.

Gardner, Richard

Design and Flight Test of a Primary Flight Display Combined Vision System

2011-01-252510/18/2011

A series of flight tests were conducted to design and evaluate a Combined Vision System (CVS) that integrates a forward looking infrared video image with synthetic vision on a primary flight display. System features included colorizing the video image to mesh with the synthetic terrain background, decluttering the approach symbology to facilitate the detection of the approach lights and runway markings, creating a semi-transparent IR sky to ensure continuous situational awareness of the surrounding terrain, and annunciating the decision height to facilitate the transition to the actual runway environment. Over 100 approaches were flown during three flight test sessions. For the first flight test session pilots reviewed early CVS proofs of concept on Honeywell's Citation Sovereign. During the approach in low visibility conditions, the Pilot Flying remained head-down to 100 ft AGL, at which time he lifted his head and made a subjective judgment of whether he could easily and safely

Ververs, Patricia May, He, Gang, Suddreth, John, Odgers, Rob, Engels, Jary, Wyatt, Ivan, Hughes, Keith, Hamblin, Christopher, Feyereisen, Thea

Safety and Operational Improvements Using Head-Up Displays in Small Aircraft and Helicopters

2011-01-252810/18/2011

Small aircraft and helicopters have an increasing need for “heads out” presentations, which means a projected presentation of symbols and images, primarely infrared, on an optical combiner in the pilots field of view. The information presented will appear at an infinite distance i.e. the focal point is far away enabling the pilot to see the symbology superimposed on and correlated to the outside world. The driving factors for a “heads out” presentations are increased safety through improved situation awareness in almost all weather conditions as well as operational improvements due to reduced landing minima prerequisites in adverse weather conditions. Also safety during taxiing and landing are improved through early detection of eventual other aircraft and objects. The landing aid is important for small aircraft like business jets that often fly into unequipped airfields. The overall benefits are reduction in number of incidents/accidents, cost savings and reduced number of diversions

Brandtberg, Hans, Zanden, Johan

NextGen today and tomorrow

11AERD0302_0303/09/2011

The FAA has reached a major milestone on the Next Generation Air Transportation System initiative to modernize America's National Airspace System. With demonstrations of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) technology successfully completed at four U.S. airports in the last quarter of 2010, the FAA has cleared prime contractor ITT to complete the rollout of ADS-B ground stations nationwide. Achievement of the so-called In Service Decision for ADS-B sites in Alaska, the Gulf of Mexico, Louisville, and Philadelphia marks a major milestone on the FAA's overall Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) initiative to modernize America's National Airspace System (NAS). Because of its importance in the development of free flight, the FAA has kept the ADS-B program on track to complete the construction of all planned 794 ADS-B ground stations by 2013. Three-hundred-plus installations had already been completed as of the beginning of 2011.

Rosenberg, Barry

Cockpit Vision System to Improve Pilot Safety

TBMG-819007/01/2010

Inertial-Optical Head-Tracking System InterSense Billerica, MA 781-541-6330 www.intersense.com

Evaluation of the Use of a Head Worn Display (HWD) for Flight Support in the Commercial Flight Deck

2009-01-314411/10/2009

This study compared the performance of pilots flying a series of approach and landings under each of three conditions: using standard 737-NG flight deck displays only, using those displays with an optical head up display (HUD), and using those displays with a head worn display (HWD) depicting the same symbology as the HUD. Display condition had no effect on pilots' normal landing flight profiles or successful avoidance of a runway incursion. However, pilots reported decreased situation awareness and increased perceived workload when using the HWD as compared to the other two conditions. Pilot comments suggested that the poorer ratings for HWD were attributed to physical characteristics of the hardware and noticeable head-tracking latency. The results indicate that while the HWD technology still needs more refinement, the near-to-eye display concept is a viable alternative to a HUD.

Thomas, Lisa C.

Optimized Safety-Critical Embedded Display Development with OpenGL SC

2009-01-314011/10/2009

Historically, the majority of avionics display manufacturers have sought custom solutions to support the development of cockpit displays, head-up displays and other avionics on-board and ground displays, from specification through to target. This was however a decision borne out necessity rather than choice since the inherent wisdom of a ‘commercial-off-the-shelf’ (COTS) approach had been understood and demonstrated in other parallel domains for some time. So, with this in mind, why was a more costly custom approach selected?

Rossignol, Vincent

Heads-Out Information Solutions for Small Aircraft

2009-01-310911/10/2009

Small aircraft have an increased need for presentation of pilot information heads-out. Heads-out means that the information is projected and overlaid the outside world enabling the pilot to receive information and images from the avionics system at the same time as he can look out of the windows. Heads-out presentation is accomplished by an optical head-up or head-worn display device. Driving factors for heads-out presentation are improved landing credits to be able to land at the airport of destination also during adverse weather conditions, improved safety due to better situation awareness and operating cost savings. New technologies giving compact and more affordable head-up displays (HUD) are now availble and installation in small fixed wing aircraft (e.g. business jets) and helicopters is feasible. Saab has developed a new head-up display named RIGS, which provides pilots with information linked to flight and navigation. RIGS gives all-weather capability with improved landing

Brandtberg, Hans, Zandén, Johan

Looking into the future of flight displays

09AEMD1028_0110/28/2009

New developments in lighting and electronics are changing the way aircrews operate their aircraft. Over the years, aircraft cockpits have had to accommodate an ever-increasing number of control instruments required to provide the pilot, and other crew members, with the information needed to fly safely and to extract the maximum performance for the job at hand. By the time the aviation industry was celebrating its half century, aircraft cockpits were running out of space for the display of in-flight data as well as space for banks of dials and read-outs, electrical switches, and buttons, not to mention all the latest highly complex weapon systems aboard new military jet aircraft.

Gardner, Richard

Sight Analysis with ‘RAMSIS Cognitive’: Step II

2009-01-229506/09/2009

The perception of visual information is the major input requirement for the psychological cognition process. The quality of perception of visual information is impaired by the geometrical and optical conditions of the displayed information. This concerns all technical information of the car as instruments, optical indicators, telltales and control displays. The international widely-used 3D-Man-Model System RAMSIS receives some additional functionality for analysis and practical design to simulate these viewing conditions in the car. These new RAMSIS functions include methods for the analysis of sight shadows, limits of visibility of liquid crystal displays, the time of focus shifts of the driver and the modelling of the optical parameters of head-up displays. These capabilities will enable a RAMSIS user to allow for (degraded) visual performance when designing the rising number of user interface displays in cars and airplanes.

Remlinger, Wolfram, Bubb, Heiner, Wirsching, Hans-Joachim

Touching the future

AUTOMAR09_0303/01/2009

Sensors and screens are replacing push buttons as touch controls get more sophisticated and user-friendly. Simple knobs and push buttons have been a key element in interior design for decades, but there is nothing simple about them anymore. They are now part of a human-machine interface (HMI) that includes everything from aesthetic appearance to vehicle safety. The transition from push button to a techy term like HMI highlights the ongoing changes in electronic controls. Design teams must now respond to consumer demands to link their portable equipment to a vehicle that is already laden with options like navigation.

Aerospace Engineering 2007-09-01

AEROSEP0709/01/2007

Sound sound-research techniques Higher bypass ratios, chevrons, shape memory alloys, and improved aerodynamics are some of the advancing technologies that will help quiet aircraft, and thus help the environment. Display technology perks up HUD, software make big strides in cockpit appearance and flight safety. Going green The global aerospace industry gears up for big changes in fuel burn, emissions, and noise.

Display technology perks up

AEROSEP07_0209/01/2007

HUD, software make big strides in cockpit appearance and flight safety. Electronics continue to transform aircraft cockpits with digital techniques for displaying information in ways that are easier for pilots to understand. Head-up displays (HUDs) are augmenting the digital displays that now dominate commercial aircraft. At the same time, the software that drives these displays is undergoing significant shifts. Standards are making it simpler to write programs ranging from those that draw images on the screens to the control software that operates mission-critical technologies.

Heads Up Display

2007-01-352108/05/2007

This paper presents a novel design approach for an automotive full-windshield Head-Up Display (HUD) interface which aims to improve the driver's spatial awareness and response times under low visibility and/or time critical conditions. Heads-up display is an electronically generated display that is superimposed upon a driver's forward field of view. The display element is largely transparent, meaning the information is displayed in contrasting superposition over the user's normal environment. HUD comes very handy for whom changing their view to look at the instrument cluster could prove to be a fatal distraction. The information is projected with its focus at infinity. Doing this means that a user does not need to refocus his eyes (which takes several tenths of a second) when changing his attention between the instrument and the outside world. The HUD communicates configurable information, such as navigation, performance features as well as vehicle speed to the driver. As we were

Muruganandam, Radhakrishnan

An Efficient Visual Forward Collision Warning Display for Vehicles

2007-01-110504/16/2007

The aim of the present study was to investigate how quickly and efficiently distracted drivers react to four different visual warning displays intended for a Forward Collision Warning system for vehicles. The displays are the Collision Warning Head Up Display (CWHUD), the Steering Wheel Warning Display, The High Head Down Display (HHDD), and the Cluster display. The study was performed in a simulator. Warnings were randomly presented to drivers when they were visually distracted away from the road by a traffic sign discrimination task. Brake reaction times to the different warnings were recorded. From the results of performance tests and preference ratings, the CWHUD, provided the best performance in terms of 200 ms lower reaction time and low amount of missed warnings. The average brake reaction times were significantly faster for the CWHUD warnings. There were no significant differences in reaction times among the other three warnings. One CWHUD warning was missed during the

Camera Mount for a Head-Up Display

TBMG-138303/01/2007

A mounting mechanism was designed and built to satisfy requirements specific to a developmental head-up display (HUD) to be used by pilots in a Boeing 757 airplane. This development was necessitated by the fact that although such mounting mechanisms were commercially available for other airplanes, there were none for the 757. The mounting mechanism supports a miniature electronic camera that provides a forward view. The mechanism was designed to be integrated with the other HUD instrumentation and to position the camera so that what is presented to the pilot is the image acquired by the camera, overlaid with alphanumeric and/or graphical symbols, from a close approximation of the pilot’s natural forward perspective. The mounting mechanism includes an L-shaped mounting arm that can be adjusted easily to the pilot’s perspective, without prior experience. The mounting mechanism is lightweight and flexible and presents little hazard to the pilot.

Display Characteristics of FDI Head-Up Guidance System as Approved for the B-727 Airplane

AIR4742 (Historical)

08/14/2006

The scope of this document is limited to descriptions of the display characteristics of the Flight Dynamics, Inc. (FDI) Model 1000WS Head up Guidance System (HGS) as installed on the Boeing 727 airplane and certified by the Federal Aviation Administration for use in Category III landing operations. The symbology depicted in this document is referenced to the particular pilot task(s) for which it was designed. Also included are descriptions of operational features of the particular symbol along with any associated criteria regarding symbology constraints, source data, or position error.

G-10 Aerospace Behavioral Engineering Technology

HEAD-UP DISPLAY (HUD) SYSTEM

ARINC764 (Current)07/08/2005

This document defines a Head-Up Display (HUD) system intended for installation in all types of aircraft. It describes the physical form factors, fit dimensions, electrical interface definition and typical HUD functions, including the display of navigation and guidance information in the flight crew's forward field of view. The HUD accomplishes this by projecting images onto a combiner with symbology that conforms to the outside world view. Guidance for HUD architectures include single, twin, dual and HUD integrated with Primary Flight Display (PFD). This document is an practical guide for the design of federated equipment and integrated modular avionics.

Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee

Brilliant displays

AUTOJUL05_0307/01/2005

Liquid-crystal displays and light-emitting diodes are helping to enable bright, reconfigurable screens. Though displays do not get the same level of attention given to interior features such as intelligent airbags or even the navigation and DVD systems that rely on them, designers are paying plenty of attention to display quality because it makes a lasting impression on vehicle owners. “The driver spends more time viewing the instrument cluster than any other part of the vehicle,” said Mark Brainard, Project Management and Business Development at Siemens VDO Automotive.

Windshield Display for Safe and Comfortable Driving

2005-01-160304/11/2005

We have developed Wind Shield Display (WSD), a large-sized head up display with stereovision. Information from the ITS infrastructure, car navigation system, or a variety of sensors including a night vision camera can be superimposed at the appropriate 3D position by adjusting the binocular disparity of the display. By WSD, images will be displayed in the vicinity of the driver's line of sight. The driver can perceive the information with minimum eye movement and reaccommodation time. These characteristics of WSD reduce driver's cognitive workload and contribute to safe and comfortable driving.

Nakamura, Koji, Inada, Jyunya, Kakizaki, Masaru, Fujikawa, Takayuki, Kasiwada, Shinji, Ando, Hiroshi, Kawahara, Nobuaki

From speedometers to modern instrument clusters

AUTOFEB05_1002/01/2005

SAE 100 Future look: Modern driver information has come a long way since then, encompassing a whole history of automobile instrumentation that would be unimaginable without Schulze's speedometer and its technological successors. On October 7, 1902, engineer Otto Schulze received a patent for an eddy-current speedometer. The first automobiles had no “cockpit” as such. And there was simply no need for instruments. Even in motor racing events staged in France around 1895, the maximum speed was roughly 30 km/h (18 mph).

Wesner, Gerhard

Technologies and Trends for Instrument Clusters

2004-01-337111/16/2004

This paper aims to show the main technological advances and actual tendencies of Instrument Clusters for automotive business. At first, it will be showed a general overview of the main existing technologies for digital and analogues gauges, illumination and electronic concepts, showing the variety of these solutions. Afterwards it will be analyzed the application possibilities of each solution considering its technical, financial and ergonomic aspects, showing the tendencies for each market. At the same time we will bring for a discussion the integration possibilities of functions, nowadays available in separate modules inside the vehicle electrical architecture, into the instrument cluster.

Bedollo, Leandro Cesar, Alves, Alessandro Domingues, Sakai, Flávio

A Practical, C Programming Architecture for Developing Graphics for In-Vehicle Displays

2004-01-027003/08/2004

This paper presents a practical, C programming architecture for developing graphics and graphical user interface (GUI) software for in-vehicle displays such as those found in automotive telematics, shipboard engine control panels and airplane glass cockpits. This paper will compare C graphics to several other methodologies for writing in-vehicle display software. It will also discuss techniques for mixing C graphics with application code written in object oriented languages such as C++ and Java.

Juran, Michael T.

Pilot Visibility From The Flight Deck

ARP4101/2 (Current)02/25/2003

This document recommends criteria to assure adequate visibility from the flight deck. The flight deck windshield must provide sufficient external vision to permit the pilot to perform any maneuvers within the operating limits of the aircraft safely and at the same time afford an unobstructed view of the flight instruments and other critical components and displays from the same eye position.

S-7 Flight Deck Handling Qualities Stds for Trans Aircraft

Development of a New Black-face Cluster with Transparent Electroluminescent (EL) Display

2001-01-083903/05/2001

We have developed a New Black-face Cluster with Transparent EL Display, positioned on the speedometer, to display driver support information within the cluster; mass production of this DUAL VISION CLUSTER commenced in September 1999. The following were two requirements for implementing this cluster. 1) Selection of display device 2) Positioning of cluster in front of speedometer, using Transparent EL Display In this session, we will explain how we resolved the issues involved in development of this new Black-face Cluster. We will also describe the structure of the cluster.

Kumazawa, Katsuhiro, Tominaga, Hiroshi, Kumon, Hitoshi, Hattori, Koji

Solving the driver distraction problem

AUTOFEB01_0102/01/2001

Is voice-recognition technology the silver bullet? No, engineers agree, but it has its place. Lacking the know-how to make multitasking experts of all drivers, the automotive industry is in a quandary as to how to meet consumer demand for greater in-vehicle electronic communications capability without creating too much distraction for safe vehicle operation. Automakers and suppliers are not signing on to the proposition that, because the driver is solely responsible for safe vehicle operation, they would be serving consumers' best interests by cramming as many electronic functions as possible into their new models. “As we introduce new technologies, we as manufacturers do have an obligation to understand the impact of those technologies,” said Jim Foley, a Human Factors Technical Specialist with Visteon and Chairman of an SAE committee exploring the issue.

Ponticel, Patrick

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