Browse Topic: Fiber optics

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Arc Damage Assessment of Arc Plume and Physical DamageAIR6982 (Current)11/26/2025
Describes the relative measurement of assessing the damage zone of arc plasma to determine appropriate separation/segregation requirements between a wire harness and nearby components
AE-8A Elec Wiring and Fiber Optic Interconnect Sys Install
Aircraft Lightning Test MethodsARP5416B (Current)11/26/2025
This document is one of a set covering the whole spectrum of aircraft interaction with lightning. This document is intended to describe how to conduct lightning direct effects tests and indirect system upset effects tests. Indirect effects upset and damage tolerance tests for individual equipment items are addressed in DO-160/ED-14. Documents relating to other aspects of the certification process, including definition of the lightning environment, zoning, and indirect effects certification are listed in Section 2. This document presents test techniques for simulated lightning testing of aircraft and the associated systems. This document does not include design criteria nor does it specify which items should or should not be tested. Acceptable levels of damage and/or pass/fail criteria for the qualification tests must be approved by the cognizant certification authority for each particular case. When lightning tests are a part of a certification plan, the test methods described herein are an acceptable means, but not the only means, of meeting the test requirements of the certification plan. Each test method is set out in a uniform format, describing the test purpose, test object, test setup, test waveforms (voltage and/or current), measurements and data recording, test procedure and data interpretation. Guidance is provided on how to select the appropriate test or series of tests, and how the test results can be assessed. Natural lightning is a complex and variable phenomenon and its interaction with different types of vehicles may be manifested in many different ways. It is not intended that every test described herein be applied to every system requiring lightning verification tests. The document is written so that specific aspects of the environment can be called out for each specific program as dictated by the vehicle design, performance and mission constraints.
AE-2 Lightning Committee
Loss Budget Specification for Fiber Optic LinksAS5750B (Current)10/1/2025
This document defines a quantified means of specifying a digital fiber optic link loss budget: - Between end users and system integrators - Between system integrators and subsystem suppliers - Between subsystem suppliers and component vendors The standard specifies methods and the margin required for categories of links.
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
EVOLUTION OF 360 DEGREE LOCAL SITUATIONAL AWARENESS (LSA) TO AID THE WARFIGHTER2024-01-345111/15/2024
ABSTRACT Northrop Grumman has developed a software and hardware solution to provide enhanced 360 degree local situational awareness (LSA) to enable the warfighter with an overmatch capability on today’s modern battlefield. The architecture exploits technological gains in cameras, video processing, and video compression. The approach allows rapid comprehension of local and remote situational views presented with operational relevance for a ground combat platform or tactical wheeled platform crew. The 360 Degree LSA approach provides direct visualization of relative positioning of targets, threats, and lines of fire; and additionally offers common situational understanding / operational picture from the dismounted soldier to higher echelon commands. The approach provides prioritized information through LSA software to provide an enhanced view to the warfighter whereas the squad leader becomes an integral part of the crew with a view of the common operating picture (mounted) and additional sensors on tablet or handheld device (dismounted via wireless). The approach uses a platform agnostic form factor with components that can be selected and applied to legacy or new platforms based on their size, weight, power, and mission constraints.
Viscovich, Christopher, Geoghegan, Susan, Worthy, David
Loss Budget Specification for Fiber Optic LinksAS5750A (Historical)2/22/2023
This document defines a quantified means of specifying a digital fiber optic link loss budget: Between end users and system integrators Between system integrators and subsystem suppliers Between subsystem suppliers and component vendors The standard specifies methods and the margin required for categories of links.
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
Exploring Transmission System Vibration Monitoring Using an Optical Fiber Fabry-Perot Bragg Grating CavityF-0078-2022-175575/10/2022
ABSTRACT
Dunning, Paul, Washak, James, Holmes, Christopher, Wang, Ling
Communication Transceivers Qualification Requirements - EthernetJ2962-3_202109 (Historical)9/21/2021
This SAE Recommended Practice covers the requirements for ethernet physical layer (PHY) qualification. Requirements stated in this document provide a minimum standard level of performance for the PHY in the IC to which all compatible ethernet communications PHY shall be designed. When the communications chipset is an ethernet switch with an integrated automotive PHY (xBASE-T1), then the testing shall include performance for all switch PHY ports as well as each controller interface. No other features in the IC are tested or qualified as part of this SAE Recommended Practice. This assures robust serial data communication among all connected devices regardless of supplier. The goal of SAE J2962-3 is to commonize approval processes of ethernet PHYs across OEMs. The intended audience includes, but is not limited to, ethernet PHY suppliers, component release engineers, and vehicle system engineers.
Vehicle Architecture For Data Communications Standards
CABLE, FIBER OPTIC, SINGLE-MODE, 6/125/250 µm, HERMETIC COATED, TIGHT BUFFERAS5382/3A (Current)9/21/2021
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
CABLE, FIBER OPTIC, MULTI-MODE, 200/230/500 μm, STEP INDEX, TIGHT BUFFERAS5382/6B (Current)9/21/2021
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
CABLE, FIBER OPTIC, MULTIMODE, 100/140/172 μm GRADED INDEX, NONHERMETIC, LOOSE TUBEAS5382/2B (Current)9/21/2021
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
CABLE, FIBER OPTIC, MULTIMODE, 100/140/172 μm GRADED INDEX, HERMETIC COATED, TIGHT BUFFERAS5382/1B (Current)9/21/2021
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
CABLE, FIBER OPTIC, MULTI-MODE, 50/125/450 µm, GRADED INDEX, HERMETIC COATED, TIGHT BUFFERAS5382/5B (Current)9/21/2021
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
CABLE, FIBER OPTIC, SINGLE-MODE, 4.6/125/450 µm, HERMETIC COATED, TIGHT BUFFERAS5382/4B (Current)9/21/2021
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
CABLE ASSEMBLY EXTERNAL ELECTRIC POWER, AIRCRAFT 115/200 VOLT, 400 HERTZAS90328A (Current)8/5/2021
AE-8A Elec Wiring and Fiber Optic Interconnect Sys Install
Fusion Splice for Aerospace Fiber Optic CablesAS6506/1 (Current)7/23/2021
This specification includes detailed requirements for a fiber optic cable splice compliant with AS6506. Every requirement of the parent standard, AS6506, which applies to this detail specification is identified below by the word “applicable.” In any case in which a requirement of this specification varies from that of the parent standard, the alternate requirement is described. If a parent standard requirement does not apply, the words used are “not applicable.”
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
CONNECTOR ACCESSORIES, FIBER OPTIC BACKSHELLS, SEALING PLUG, CATEGORY 7AS85049/134A (Current)6/22/2021
AE-8C1 Connectors Committee
Fiber Optic Harsh Environment Test Methods Cross Reference DocumentAIR6282A (Current)6/10/2021
This report provides cross reference matrices detailing current test methods used in the qualification processes of fiber optic connectors, termini and cables for aerospace, telecommunications, and naval applications. The cross-reference allows the end user to select the test methods most suitable for qualifying a component, or to identify alternative test methods where a specific test is not defined in a referenced document. The report also provides information on what area each type of referenced document has been developed for.
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
CONNECTOR ACCESSORIES, FIBER OPTIC BACKSHELL, 45°, SELF-LOCKING CATEGORY 3B FOR MIL-DTL-38999 SERIES III & SAE AS5590/1 CONNECTORSAS85049/132 (Current)5/20/2021
AE-8C1 Connectors Committee
CONNECTOR ACCESSORIES, FIBER OPTIC BACKSHELL, 90°, SELF-LOCKING CATEGORY 3B FOR MIL-DTL-38999 SERIES III & SAE AS5590/1 CONNECTORSAS85049/133 (Current)5/20/2021
AE-8C1 Connectors Committee
CONNECTOR ACCESSORIES, FIBER OPTIC BACKSHELL, STRAIGHT, SELF-LOCKING CATEGORY 3B FOR MIL-DTL-38999 SERIES III & SAE AS5590/1 CONNECTORSAS85049/131 (Current)5/20/2021
AE-8C1 Connectors Committee
Connector Accessories, Electrical General Specification forAS85049F (Current)4/14/2021
This specification covers connector accessories for use with electrical connectors; see 6.8.
AE-8C1 Connectors Committee
High-Resolution Optical Reflectometry Network End-to-End Data Link Evaluation SystemAIR6552/2 (Current)4/8/2021
This document establishes methods to obtain, store, and access data about the health of a fiber optic network using a commercially available high-resolution reflectometer. This document is intended for: Managers Engineers Contracting Officers Third Party Maintenance Agencies Quality Assurance
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
AS6021 Aerospace Fiber Optic Cable Assembly Drawing SpecificationAS6021A (Current)12/29/2020
This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the items that shall be considered when creating a fiber optic cable assembly specification and source control drawing intended for installation on aerospace platforms.
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
Connectors, Fiber Optic, Advanced, Circular, Modular or Rectangular, Plug and Receptacle, Harsh Environment, Removable Termini, General Specification forAS8050 (Current)12/29/2020
The AS8050 master document contains general information for qualification of aerospace fiber optic, circular, modular, and rectangular connectors as part of a fiber optic interconnect assembly comprising of a connector, fiber optic cable, and fiber optic terminus. The product specifications (slash sheets) contain dimensional, mechanical, and operating performance requirements for aerospace fiber optic, circular, and rectangular connectors. The product specifications (slash sheets) reference associated aerospace fiber optic termini and cables suitable for use with AS8050 connectors.
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
Network End-to-End Data Link Evaluation System Transceiver Health MonitoringAIR6552/3 (Current)12/22/2020
This document establishes methods to obtain, store, and access data about the health of a fiber optic network using commercial sensors located in or near the transceiver. This document is intended for: Managers, Engineers, Contracting Officers, Third Party Maintenance Agencies, and Quality Assurance.
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
Connectors, Fiber Optic, Advanced, Circular or Rectangular, Plug and Receptacle, Environment Resistant, Removable Termini/Contacts, General Specification ForAS5590B (Current)11/30/2020
This specification covers the performance requirements for a plug and receptacle. The connector inserts may contain multiple termini or multiple termini and electrical contacts. The connectors use removable termini, or removable termini and electrical contacts, and are capable of operating within a temperature range of −65 to +200 °C (see 1.2.1.1). These connectors are supplied under AS9100 reliability assurance program.
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
CONNECTOR, FIBER OPTIC, CIRCULAR, ENVIRONMENT RESISTANT, REMOVEABLE TERMINIAS5590/1A (Current)11/30/2020
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
A Guideline for Aerospace Platform Fiber Optic Expanded Beam Interconnect TechnologyAIR6112 (Current)10/22/2020
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides an overview of EB technology as it applies to the aerospace fiber optic industry. Applicable personnel include: Managers Engineers Technicians Logisticians Trainers/Instructors Third Party Maintenance Agencies Quality Assurance
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
Practical Solutions for Embedding Fiber Optic Strain Sensors in CompositesF-0076-2020-1628210/5/2020
A multidisciplinary team performing under the Aircraft and Aircrew Protection (A&AP) project between Sikorsky and the US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Aviation & Missile Center (CCDC AvMC) successfully demonstrated the assembly of a full-scale fiber-optic-instrumented composite aircraft structure assembly. Through a building-block progression from test coupons to sub-scale to full-scale assemblies, the team developed practical strategies to maximize fiber optic survival rate and utility. Ultimately, the team defined and implemented five key elements to enable successful fiber optic strain sensor embedment in structural composites: thoughtful arrangement of the fiber optic network, controlled placement of strain sensors and excess fiber in the laminate, accommodation of minimum fiber optic bend radii, encapsulation of the fiber at the egress point from the composite laminate, and protection of the connector termination. These elements allow for a robust strain-sensing network that can be utilized for damage detection and advanced structural health monitoring.
Dew, Nathaniel, Camp, Daniel, Robeson, Mark
COUPLING INSTALLATIONS, STANDARD CONDUIT, ELECTRICALAS10380A (Historical)8/3/2020
AE-8A Elec Wiring and Fiber Optic Interconnect Sys Install
Smart Textiles Powered by Soft Transmission LinesTBMG-373568/1/2020
EPFL researchers have developed electronic fibers that, when embedded in textiles, can collect a wealth of information about our bodies by measuring subtle and complex fabric deformations. Their technology relies on transmission line theory and offers a host of applications, such as in healthcare and robotics.
HUBS, CONDUIT CONNECTION, STANDARD DIMENSIONSAS10051A (Historical)7/14/2020
AE-8A Elec Wiring and Fiber Optic Interconnect Sys Install
Fuel Tank Dynamic Strain Measurement Using Computer Vision Analysis2020-01-09244/14/2020
Stress and strain measurement of high density polyethylene (HDPE) fuel tanks under dynamic loading is challenging. Motion tracking combined with computer vision was employed to evaluate the strain in an HDPE fuel tank being dynamically loaded with a crash pulse. Traditional testing methods such as strain gages are limited to the small strain elastic region and HDPE testing may exceed the range of the strain gage. In addition, strain gages are limited to a localized area and are not able to measure the deformation and strain across a discontinuity such as a pinch seam. Other methods such as shape tape may not have the response time needed for a dynamic event. Motion tracking data analysis was performed by tracking the motion of specified points on a fuel tank during a dynamic test. An HDPE fuel tank was mounted to a vehicle section and a sled test was performed using a Seattle sled to simulate a high deltaV crash. Multiple target markers were placed on the fuel tank. The motion of these markers was captured using high speed video cameras. The high speed videos were processed using the OpenCV computer vision library. Using OpenCV, the high speed videos were imported, and the position of the central location of each target marker was extracted frame by frame from the high speed videos. Once the position was known, the strain was computed using the change in relative position between two marker positions. Results of the testing showed that the acceleration-induced strain is low, generally less than the material yield strain. It was noted that reliable and accurate results require that the camera be placed normal to, or at a shallow angle to, the points being tracked. In addition, curved surfaces lead to limited fidelity of strain data due to the varying focal length of the points being tracked and measurement increased sensitivity. This method is similar to a “typical” tensile test in which displacement is tracked between two pre-established points on a sample. As such, the methodology was replicated on a tensile specimen to validate the methodology.
Fleming, Mark, Krishnaswami, Ram, Nakamoto, Kunihiro
Advancements in Thermoplastic Optical Materials for Automotive Lighting Systems2020-01-06344/14/2020
Described are strategies to maximize the performance and efficiency of long path length acrylic optical elements through material selection and manufacturing optimization. Recent LED lamp designs include functional optical elements such as light pipes and dispersion optics that channel LED light through long optical path lengths (LOPL), 5-80 cm in length. Typically, these elements are manufactured from thermoplastic optical materials such as PMMA or PC through injection molding. However, conventional thermoplastic optical materials are not suitable for LOPL application due to insufficient luminous transmission and high absorption coefficients, resulting in inadequate lamp function and poor efficiency. Furthermore, the effects of molding conditions on LOPL performance are poorly understood. Recent advancements in acrylic technology produced optimized materials for LOPL signature lighting optics: Plexiglas® HT121-LPL® and V825T-LPL® resins. Compared to conventional acrylic resins, these optimized resins increase luminous transmission 95%-101% in a 60 cm light pipe and also improve spectral transmission uniformity. Additionally, optimization of injection molding parameters including screw speed, dwell time, injection speed, and barrel temperature further increase luminous transmission 3.0%-8.2%.
Cromer, Brian, Thoma, Laura, Macy, Noah, Rissel, Charles
Fluoride Offgassing in Fluoropolymer InsulationsARP6229 (Current)3/24/2020
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) shall be limited to information about corrosion caused by fluoride offgassing of fluoropolymer-based wire insulation. It reviews published reports of corrosion caused by this phenomenon, describes scenarios where this may be a concern, mitigation options, and references a test method which can be used to evaluate wire insulations where needed.
AE-8D Wire and Cable Committee
AFP Processing of Dry Fiber Carbon Materials (DFP) for Improved Rates and Reliability2020-01-00303/10/2020
Automated fiber placement of pre-impregnated (pre-preg), thermoset carbon materials has been industrialized for decades whereas dry-fiber carbon materials have only been produced at relatively low rates or volumes for large aerospace structures. This paper explores the differences found when processing dry-fiber, thermoset, carbon materials (DFP) as compared to processing pre-preg, thermoset materials with Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) equipment at high rates. Changes to the equipment are required when converting from pre-preg to dry fiber material processing. Specifically, the heating systems, head controls, and tow tension control all must be enhanced when transitioning to DFP processes. Although these new enhancements also require changes in safety measures, the changes are relatively small for high performance systems. Processing dry fiber material requires a higher level of heating, tension control and added safety measures. However, once these are achieved, processing rates and reliability may be significantly improved for DFP versus traditional pre-preg AFP processing. Overall payout speeds as well as steering speeds can be increased for dry fiber resulting in increased laydown rates when using current AFP processing techniques. The lack of resin within the material greatly reduces resin build-up, which supports longer maintenance intervals and greater reliability by minimizing or eliminating the problems associated with resin build-up. The controlled emission area and fast response time of precision heating systems greatly reduce unwanted heat on surrounding areas and increase process performance. In addition to DFP, further developments in the heating system have also proved beneficial for thermoset as well as thermoplastic processing. All of these advantages increase the machine utilization as well as reliability when processing aerospace parts made from dry fiber materials with AFP equipment.
Assadi, Michael, Field, Tyler
Congestion-busting with Autonomous Shuttles20AVEP03_103/1/2020
GoMentum is safety-testing two Local Motors shuttles at AAA's expansive NorCal proving grounds and new V2X lab. It was uneventful when an eight-passenger, low-speed driverless shuttle crawled at about 10 mph (16 km/h) toward the intersection at the GoMentum Station AV proving grounds in Concord, Calif. The crisp morning temperatures didn't get any more exciting when a mechanical pedestrian-dummy intentionally moved in the self-driving vehicle's path. The shuttle's six lidars, six radars and two military-grade GPS units brought the slow-moving vehicle gently to a stop within a courteous distance usually not granted by human drivers. The demo was dull for the handful of journalists on hand. But Jay Rogers, the chief executive of Local Motors-the producer of the shuttle dubbed “Olli” - was bubbling with enthusiasm. Rogers believes that the potential for low-speed connected and autonomous shuttles outweighs the promise of conventional vehicles transformed into full-stack robo-taxis.
Berman, Bradley
Fiber Lasers for Automotive Welding ApplicationsTBMG-361453/1/2020
Although fiber lasers are well-established as a successful welding method in several automotive production applications, there are still some specific uses in which they deliver less than ideal results. Often, these involve welding “difficult” materials, such as aluminum or galvanized steel. One reason these materials can be difficult is that they frequently contain constituents having a relatively low boiling point compared to the main alloy metal. The presence of these more volatile materials can make it difficult to control the precise dynamics of the welding process, leading to poor or inconsistent results. The key to overcoming these difficulties is to alter the intensity distribution of the incident laser power to tailor it for the specific requirements of the material.
Underwater Signal Processing SystemTBMG-360542/1/2020
DSIT Solutions Ltd. Givat Shmuel, Israel +972-3-531-3333
Underwater Telecom Cables Used as Seismic NetworkTBMG-359812/1/2020
Researchers have turned 20 kilometers of undersea fiber-optic cable into the equivalent of 10,000 seismic stations along the ocean floor. A 3.5 magnitude quake and seismic scattering from underwater fault zones were recorded. The technique, which had previously been tested with fiber-optic cables on land, could provide much-needed data on quakes that occur under the sea, where few seismic stations exist, leaving 70% of Earth's surface without earthquake detectors.
A New Network Design for the “Internet from Space”20AERP02_062/1/2020
Satellites do not yet play a major role in the world's Internet infrastructure; however, this may soon change. Within the next decade, a new generation of satellites could lay the foundations for an “Internet from space,” according to Ankit Singla, a professor at ETH Zurich's Network Design & Architecture Lab. His team is investigating how to improve the performance of large-scale computer networks including the Internet. Exploiting advances in cost-cutting technologies in the space sector, the new satellite systems would use thousands of satellites instead of the tens of satellites used in past systems. These satellites could then be linked to each other via laser light to form a network. The coverage provided by these satellites would reach remote regions that currently have no or very limited access to the Internet, since they are not connected or are only poorly connected to the intercontinental fiber optic cables that power today's Internet.
A New Network Design for the “Internet from Space”TBMG-360662/1/2020
Satellites do not yet play a major role in the world’s Internet infrastructure; however, this may soon change. Within the next decade, a new generation of satellites could lay the foundations for an “Internet from space,” according to Ankit Singla, a professor at ETH Zurich’s Network Design & Architecture Lab. His team is investigating how to improve the performance of large-scale computer networks including the Internet.
Low-Energy Device Rapidly Reroutes Light in Computer ChipsTBMG-359622/1/2020
Researchers have developed an optical switch that routes light from one computer chip to another in just 20 billionths of a second — faster than any other similar device. The compact switch is the first to operate at voltages low enough to be integrated onto low-cost silicon chips and redirects light with very low signal loss.
Design and Handling Guide Radio Frequency Absorptive Type Wire and Cables (Filter Line, AS85485)AIR4465A (Historical)1/31/2020
This document presents design and application information which will allow optimized utilization of filter line wire and cable purchased to AS85485. Filter line wire is defined and design information is presented. The electrical and mechanical performance characteristics of the wire, along with recommended harnessing methods and techniques, are also presented.
AE-8A Elec Wiring and Fiber Optic Interconnect Sys Install
Splicer, Fusion, Fiber Optic, Aerospace, Explosion-Proof (Type I)AS6479/1 (Current)1/30/2020
This detail specification defines fiber optic fusion splicers acceptable for the installation and repair of a wide range of optical fibers and cables with virtually no insertion loss in hazardous environments (potentially flammable or explosive atmospheres, Type I), particularly aerospace applications. The requirements for acquiring the splicer described herein shall consist of this specification and the latest issue of AS6479.
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
Fiber Optic Sensors for Aerospace ApplicationsAIR6258 (Current)1/30/2020
This document is intended to describe technologies available, application needs, and operational requirements relating to the use of fiber optic sensing systems on aerospace platforms: a To define standard terminology used in describing fiber optic sensing systems and their performance. b To identify current interfaces used for fiber optic sensing systems. c To define environmental, reliability, and maintainability capabilities of fiber optic sensing system components. d To describe the fiber optic sensor and instrumentation technologies that forms the current state of the art. e To describe current and future unmet needs of the aerospace industry for measurements using fiber optic sensors.
AS-3 Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics Committee
Shape Sensing Innovations Dramatically Improve Structural Design ToolsTBMG-357931/1/2020
Advances in fiber optic shape sensing developed at NASA's Armstrong Flight Research Center are enabling the development of next-generation flexible aircraft wings that maximize structural efficiency and reduce weight, improving fuel efficiency. These same advances will help engineers design stronger bridges, buildings, ocean vessels, and more.
SPIE Photonics West 2020 PreviewTBMG-357591/1/2020
The technical conference and exhibition returns to The Moscone Center in San Francisco, February 1 through February 6, offering attendees the opportunity to explore the latest innovations in lasers, photonics, optics, optoelectronics, biophotonics, biomedical optics, 3D printing and more. As in the past, the event will once again kick off with BiOS, the world’s largest biomedical optics conference, before transitioning into the Photonics West conference and exhibition. Last year’s event hosted more than 22,000 attendees and put the products and services of over 1,400 exhibitors on display. More than 5,200 technical papers and 65 course and workshop options will be available to conference participants throughout the week.
Mitigating Wire Insulation Damage During Processing and HandlingAIR5717 (Current)12/27/2019
Wire and cable products progress through a series of handling or operational steps from the time they leave the manufacturer, and until a finished harness or assembly is ready for installation on a vehicle. Throughout these many steps, environmental or processing conditions may be present which can generate damage detrimental to the wire or cable and/or its intended application.
AE-8A Elec Wiring and Fiber Optic Interconnect Sys Install
Free-Space Fiber Optic Laser RodTBMG-3570012/1/2019
NASA's Langley Research Center has developed a compact, highly efficient, multi-purpose laser rod. This system employs a modular laser design with highly efficient and compact components. The laser consists of distinct building blocks to achieve wavelengths of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 microns. Amplifier modules are based on a novel hybrid fiber rod concept. By confining the otherwise highly divergent pump radiation to a small channel via total internal reflection at a moderately high numerical aperture interface, the low-brightness diodes can pump with high power density over a moderately long absorption path, thereby achieving highly efficient pump absorption.
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