Browse Topic: Brake lines

Items (83)

Effect of Humidity Levels on the Compressibility of Automotive Brake Friction Materials

2022-01-116409/19/2022

The load-deflection relationship of automotive brake friction materials (also known as “compressibility”) is a characteristic which may both influence and advise as to brake performance, including driver experience, noise and vibration behavior, and manufacturer quality control. It has been reported that changes in environmental humidity may significantly alter friction material compressibility in a formulation-dependent fashion – effects which are important considerations for testing protocols and real-world applicability. Greening’s presentation includes a rigorous investigation of humidity-dependent properties across differing friction materials and manufacturers, taking advantage of the high resolution and excellent repeatability of the Greening Model 1140 Compressibility Test Machine. Sets of brake pads from (at least) two different manufacturers and of varied material type (non-asbestos organic, semi-metallic, low-metallic, etc.) will be weighed to assess changes to moisture

Sendler, Edward, Greening, Brent, Greening, Chuck

Brake Line Repair: An Evaluation

2022-01-100103/29/2022

Brake line failures do occur, and it can happen to any vehicle. However, due to the FMVSS requirements, the brake line systems are also designed to maintain certain braking capability in the event of a brake line failure. This study was intended to further understand the effects of a brake line failure and examine the braking capability and controllability of the vehicle. A minivan was used as the test vehicle for this research. One of the brake lines of the minivan was cut and then reconnected with a compression fitting. When the compression fitting is not fully tightened, it will allow brake fluid leakage, and in the tests, the brake fluid was completely drained to simulate the empty brake fluid reservoir by repeatedly pushing the brake pedal. After the test vehicle lost all the brake fluid, braking tests were conducted. The stopping distance and the tire marks on the ground were documented. The test results show contrary to the unfounded myth that a brake line failure will result in

Arnett, Michael, Chen, H. Fred, Guenther, Dennis

INTEGRATED ACTIVE SAFETY SYSTEM FOR MOTOR GRADERS

2021-26-013709/22/2021

Safety of the operators in any equipment can be achieved by both passive and active systems. Passive safety system includes Seat belt, primary air bag, bumper, and other structural components which protects the operator from injuries during accidents. On the other side, Active safety systems like Braking, Steering, Collision avoidance system, operator fatigue monitoring systems minimise and eliminates the accidents among which the Brake system is primarily used to control and stop the equipment. Motor graders are work equipment which are designed to carry out many works like grading, spreading, levelling, metal mixing in road construction and many other infrastructure projects. Considering the field operating conditions of motor grader, it is very essential to provide excellent brake system to control and stop the equipment. In order to obtain maximum productivity the equipment speed is kept substantially high. Brake systems are operated using Air, Hydraulics, etc., among which the Air

KUMARAN, RAJASEKAR, hs, satish chandra

Service Maintenance of SAE J1703 and SAE J1704 Brake Fluids in Motor Vehicle Brake Systems

J1707_202106 (Current)

06/10/2021

This SAE Recommended Practice provides basic recommendations for dispensing and handling of SAE J1703 and SAE J1704 Brake Fluids by Service Maintenance Personnel to assure their safe and effective performance when installed in or added to motor vehicle hydraulic brake actuating systems. This document is concerned only with brake fluid and those system parts in contact with it. It describes general maintenance procedures that constitute good practice and that should be employed to help assure a properly functioning brake system. Recommendations that promote safety are emphasized. Specific step-by-step service instructions for brake maintenance on individual makes or models are neither intended nor implied. For these, one should consult the vehicle manufacturer’s service brake maintenance procedures for the particular vehicle. Vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations should always be followed.

Brake Fluids Standards Committee

Automotive Air Brake Line Couplers (Gladhands)

J318_202106 (Current)

06/10/2021

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended to provide design, interchangeable dimensions, testing procedures, performance requirements, and minimum identification for gladhand-type air line couplers used to connect the brake systems of trucks, truck-tractors, trailers, and dollies when these vehicles are joined to operate as a combination unit.

Truck and Bus Brake Supply and Control Components Committee

BMW reveals its first “M” performance-badged two-wheeler

20AUTP11_1111/01/2020

BMW has revealed its first-ever M-badged motorcycle, the M 1000 RR superbike. A heavily reworked version of the already-capable S 1000 RR sportbike, the new machine is riding the trend of track-focused machines, as the motorcycle industry watches sportbike sales follow the same path as sedans in the automotive world. BMW's highly regarded Motorsports division produced its first racecar (the 3.0 CSL) in 1972 and its first road-going car with the mid-engine M1 in 1978. Since then, the Munich-based auto- and motorrad-maker has since produced an M version of nearly every car it has manufactured, the 7 Series being a notable exception.

Seredynski, Paul

Research on Compensation Redundancy Control for Basic Force Boosting Failure of Electro-Booster Brake System

2020-01-021604/14/2020

As a new brake-by-wire solution, the electro-booster (Ebooster) brake system can work with the electronic stability program (ESP) equipped in the real vehicle to realize various excellent functions such as basic force boosting (BFB), active braking and energy recovery, which is promoting the development of smart vehicles. Among them, the BFB is the function of Ebooster's servo force to assist the driver's brake pedal force establishing high-intensity braking pressure. After the BFB function failure of the Ebooster, it was not possible to provide sufficient brake pressure for the driver's normal braking, and eventually led to traffic accidents. In this paper, a compensation redundancy control strategy based on ESP is proposed for the BFB failure of the self-designed Ebooster. Firstly, introduced the working principle of Ebooster and ESP, and a suitable pressure-building circuit was selected for the dual brake actuator system; Secondly, after the BFB failure of Ebooster, the rule-based

Zhao, Jian, Chen, Zhicheng, Zhu, Bing, Wu, Jian

Fault Identification of Assembly Processes Using Fuzzy Set Theory

2020-01-048704/14/2020

Effective identification of sources of faults in modern manufacturing systems play a critical role in their performance and productivity. Tracking faults in a typical manufacturing system is inherently an inverse problem which makes it more challenging and difficult to solve. Presented in this article is the development of a new methodology for fault identification and root-cause analysis of complex assembly systems. A combination of a knowledge-based system and fuzzy set theory is used to develop this new technique, which is an intelligent system that mimics the behavior of an expert in the field, and can trace back the source or sources of the fault to the relevant station. Presented are the concepts of faults, their detection in an assembly line, and their generic characteristics. Study of the fault's fundamental properties reveals that there are certain levels of uncertainty involved in describing them. This has led us to the adoption of fuzzy set theory as a basic tool for

Mehrabi, Mostafa, Weaver, Jonathan, Mehrabi, Mostafa, Weaver, Jonathan

Automotive Air Brake Line Couplers (Gladhands)

J318_201911 (Historical)11/20/2019

Truck and Bus Brake Supply and Control Components Committee

Design Optimization of the Disc Brake for Squeal Noise Reduction

2018-01-187410/05/2018

In this paper, squeal noise reduction method of the disc brake was proposed. And, its effectiveness was described. Pad motion was studied with pad abutment types comparison. The brake design was optimized by using the design of experiment method. The effectiveness of the optimum design was clarified by the noise tests with a dynamometer.

Park, Jintack

Disc Brake Squeal vs. Disc Pad Compressibility-Caliper Stiffness Interactions: Low-Frequency Squeal and High-Frequency Squeal vs. Differential Pad Wear

2017-01-252809/17/2017

It is widely believed or speculated that higher pad compressibility leads to reduced brake squeal and that caliper design can affect brake squeal. After encountering anecdotal contradictory cases, this investigation was undertaken to systematically generate basic data and clarify the beliefs or speculations. In order to adjust pad compressibility, it is common to modify pad molding temperatures, pressures and times, which in addition to changing the compressibility, changes friction coefficient and physical properties of the pad at the same time. In order to separate these two effects, NAO disc pads were prepared under the same molding conditions while using different thicknesses of the underlayer to achieve different compressibilities, thus changing the compressibility only without changing the friction coefficient and physical properties of the pad. Test results show brake squeal occurrences increasing with increasing compressibility and increasing damping, contrary to the common

Lee, Seongjoo, Jeon, JeSung, Jeong, JooSeong, Park, Byeongkyu, Kim, ShinWook, Kim, ShinWan, Rhee, Seong Kwan, Lee, Wan Gyu, Cho, Young sun

Automotive Vehicle Brake Squeal Test Recommend Practice

J2625_201707 (Current)07/24/2017

This procedure is applicable to squeal type noise occurrences for passenger car and light truck type vehicles that are used under conventional operating conditions. For the purposes of this test procedure, squeal is defined as occurring between 900 and 18 000 Hz.

Brake NVH Standards Committee

Service Maintenance of SAE J1703 and J1704 Brake Fluids in Motor Vehicle Brake Systems

J1707_201609 (Historical)

09/13/2016

Brake Fluids Standards Committee

Controlling Backlash in Mammography Systems

TBMG-2392702/01/2016

Medical imaging equipment, water handling systems, conveyors, robotic systems, and rotary and linear actuators are among the many devices that may be fitted with electric friction brakes to hold their loads in place when the power is off or disrupted.

Characterization of Disc Wear Particles Transferred to the NAO Pad Surface: Brake Squeal

2015-01-268409/27/2015

Rear disc brake squeal test results confirm the disc wear - brake squeal correlation reported earlier on front disc brakes. A significant amount of Fe transferred from the disc to the NAO pad surface is detected and the distribution of the transferred Fe is very non-uniform on the pad surface. The pad surface formulation reaches that of Low-Steel Lomets. Disc pads from a noisier brake retain more transferred particles than from a less noisy brake. The pad surface retains more transferred Fe after noise test procedures than after performance test procedures. The transferred Fe particles are either barely visible or invisible. During brake noise test procedures, discs wear in weight as much as disc pads. No correlation is found between average in-stop Mu, maximum in-stop Mu or in-stop delta Mu and brake squeal.

Lee, Seongjoo, Kim, ShinWook, Kim, ShinWan, Rhee, Seong

Investigation and Reduction of Brake Squeal and Groan Noise

2015-01-268709/27/2015

Brake noise is one of the common complaints and an irritant not just for the vehicle occupants but equally for the passers-by. Brake noise is actually vibration that is occurring at a frequency that is audible to the human ear. This occurrence of brake noise like brake squeal (>1 kHz) and groan (<1 kHz) is often very intense and can lead to vehicle complaints. During a brake noise event, vehicle basic structure and suspension system components are excited due to brake system vibration and result in a resonance that is perceived in the form of a noise. Proposed work discusses an experimental study that is carried out on a vehicle for addressing concern regarding disc brake squeal and groan noise. Based on the preliminary inputs, vehicle level study was carried out in order to simulate the problem and objectively capture its severity. During the process major influencing factors like hydraulic brake pressure, vehicle speed, brake temperature etc. have been monitored and varied across

Choudhary, Aditya Kant, Mense, Yogesh, Singh, Saurabh, Shridhare, Mahesh

On the Coupling Stiffness in Closed-Loop Coupling Disc Brake Model through Optimization

2015-01-066804/14/2015

The study and prevention of unstable vibration is a challenging task for vehicle industry. Improving predicting accuracy of braking squeal model is of great concern. Closed-loop coupling disc brake model is widely used in complex eigenvalue analysis and further analysis. The coupling stiffness of disc rotor and pads is one of the most important parameters in the model. But in most studies the stiffness is calculated by simple static force-deformation simulation. In this paper, a closed-loop coupling disc brake model is built. Initial values of coupling stiffness are estimated from static calculation. Experiment modal analysis of stationary disc brake system with brake line pressure and brake torques applied is conducted. Then an optimization process is initiated to minimize the differences between modal frequencies predicted by the stationary model and those from test. Thus model parameters more close to reality are found. Unstable mode prediction results using parameters before

Du, Yongchang, Gao, Pu, Wang, Yujian, Lv, Yingping

ASURT Formula Student Brake Design

2014-01-248709/28/2014

The Braking System is the most crucial part of the racing vehicle. There is no doubt, that if only one minority failure in the braking system took place, this would be more than enough reason to cause the racing team disqualification from the competition. Time is the main and the most important criteria for any racing competition; on the other hand the formula student “FS UK SAE” competition care the most about developing the automotive engineering sense in the students by putting them under strict rules normally taken from the original version “formula 1” to encourage their creativity to reach the optimum performance under these strict rules. One of the most important rules is “No Braking by wire”, and the obvious consequences are more stopping distance and time. Braking distance is a critical facture in achieving racing success in a competitive domain. This report will cover using the bias bar, dynamic weight distribution “before and after braking” and carefully choosing the braking

Barakat, Mohamed Samy

Simulated Mountain-Brake Performance Test Procedure

J1247_201405 (Current)

05/16/2014

This SAE Recommended Practice establishes a uniform procedure for a flat-road simulation of a mountain-fade test of the brake systems of light-duty trucks and multipurpose passenger vehicles up to and including 4500 kg (10 000 lb) GVW and all classes of passenger cars.

Road Test Procedures Standards Committee

Automotive Air Brake Line Couplers (Gladhands)

J318_201305 (Historical)

05/28/2013

Truck and Bus Brake Supply and Control Components Committee

Development of the Electrically-Controlled Regenerative Braking System for Electrified Passenger Vehicle

2013-01-146304/08/2013

As one of the key technologies of electrified vehicles, regenerative braking offers the capability of fuel saving by converting the kinetic energy of the moving vehicle into electric energy during deceleration. To coordinate the regenerative brake and friction brake, improving regeneration efficiency and guaranteeing brake performance and brake safety, development of special brake systems for electrified vehicles is needed. This paper presents a new type of electrically-controlled regenerative braking system (EABS) that has been developed for electrified passenger vehicles, which has the potential to be brought into production in China. By utilizing as much as possible mature components, integrating cooperative regeneration with ABS/TCS functions, EABS can achieve high regeneration efficiency and brake safety while providing system reliability, low development cost and development risk. This article describes the layout of the newly developed regenerative braking system. The operation

Zhang, Junzhi, Lv, Chen, Yue, Xiaowei, Qiu, Mingzhe, Gou, Jinfang, He, Chengkun

Connection and Accessory Locations for Towing Multiple Trailers - Truck and Bus

J849_201301 (Current)01/04/2013

Truck and Bus Brake Supply and Control Components Committee

Automotive Air Brake Line Couplers (Gladhands)

J318_201206 (Historical)06/11/2012

Truck and Bus Brake Supply and Control Components Committee

Service Maintenance of SAE J1703 and J1704 Brake Fluids in Motor Vehicle Brake Systems

J1707_201111 (Historical)

11/21/2011

Brake Fluids Standards Committee

Hot Judder - An Investigation of the Thermo-Elastic and Thermo-Plastic Effects during Braking

2011-01-157505/17/2011

Thermo-elastic and thermo-plastic behaviour takes place with a disc brake during heavy braking and it is this aspect of braking that this paper considers. The work is concerned with working towards developing design advice that provides uniform heating of the disc, and equally important, even dissipation of heat from the disc blade. The material presented emanates from a combination of modeling, on-vehicle testing but mainly laboratory observations and subsequent investigations. The experimental work makes use of a purpose built high speed brake dynamometer which incorporates the full vehicle suspension for controlled simulation of the brake and vehicle operating conditions. Advanced instrumentation allows dynamic measurement of brake pressure fluctuations, disc surface temperature and discrete vibration measurements. Disc run-out measurements using non-contacting displacement transducers show the disc taking up varying orders of deformation ranging from first to third order during

Fieldhouse, John David, Bryant, David, Talbot, Chris John

Tire Chain Clearance - Trucks, Buses (Except Suburban, Intercity, and Transit Buses), and Combinations of Vehicles

J683_201105 (Current)

05/17/2011

The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to set up a guide as to body, frame, and wheel housing clearance to accommodate tire chains, and also the minimum bogie spacing to permit using chains on both axles. These dimensions apply to trucks, buses, and combinations of vehicles 10 001 lb (4535.06 kg) GVW and over, and are based upon recommendations of the Tire and Rim Association and of the National Association of Chain Manufacturers. The diagram shows clearance for chains over the tire ONLY and allowance must be made for spring deflections in determining fender clearance. See Figure 1 and Table 1.

Truck and Bus Total Vehicle Steering Committee