Utilization of an improved hardening model for finite element analysis and experimental correlation of a tractor ROPS Structure

2026-26-0404

To be published on 01/16/2026

Authors
Abstract
Content
In recent years, virtual validation using finite element analysis (FEA) has become a key step in designing an agricultural tractor roll over-protective structure (ROPS). With the advancement of computation power and ability of finite element solver to handle bigger models; a higher fidelity model can be built to improve virtual validation accuracy. More & more advanced material model can be used to improve accuracy of the results. Along with ROPS, its mounting chassis and mounting bolts can also be validated. Virtual validation at the design phase not only saves time of new product development cycle; but also optimizes the weight & cost of the design. This study focusses on the application of advanced material models in simulating a real-life tractor ROPS system. For the ROPS structure, both conventional isotropic hardening models (employing bilinear and piecewise multilinear stress-strain curves) and advanced kinematic hardening models based on the multi-component Armstrong-Frederick formulation were implemented to capture material behavior under large deformation and cyclic loading conditions. The mounting chassis, subjected to relatively lower deformation, was analysed using conventional isotropic hardening, while bolts were modelled with linear elastic properties, as they did not experience significant plastic deformation. Reaction forces in the mounting bolts were extracted from the FEA and validated through analytical methods. Following virtual validation, physical testing was conducted to correlate simulation results with experimental data. The improved model demonstrated an enhanced correlation of approximately 85% with test outcomes, compared to 81% achieved using conventional modeling techniques, thus validating the efficacy of the advanced simulation approach. Definitions / Abbreviations RWUP: ROPS, FEA, Non-linear, Correlation, Armstrong Frederic model
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Citation
PANDEY, M., Kumar, A., Redkar, D., THIRUGNANAM, V. et al., "Utilization of an improved hardening model for finite element analysis and experimental correlation of a tractor ROPS Structure," SAE Technical Paper 2026-26-0404, 2026, .
Additional Details
Publisher
Published
To be published on Jan 16, 2026
Product Code
2026-26-0404
Content Type
Technical Paper
Language
English