India is the world's largest two-wheeler (2Wh) market. With the proportion of its middle class rapidly rising, 2Wh sales and the resulting emissions, are expected to grow exponentially. The decision to leap-frog from BSIV to BSVI emission norms shows India's commitment to clean up its atmosphere. As of now, the regulation mandates Gaseous Pollutant (CO, HC, NOx) emission limits for all 2Whs. However, only 2Whs powered by Direct Injection (DI) engines have a particulate limit (PM & PN). Also, most of the 2Whs manufactured in India are powered by gasoline engines using the Port Fuel Injection (PFI) technology, and hence by definition particulate emission limits do not apply. Particulates when inhaled - especially of the ultrafine sizes capable of entering the blood stream - pose a serious health risk. Therefore, it became imperative to investigate the particulate emission levels of the 2Whs. We conducted a study selecting a motorcycle each from two different vehicle categories - Class 1 and Class 2-1 - as defined under the Indian 2Wh regulation. In the first phase of testing, emissions from both motorcycles in "as is" condition, were measured under WMTC conditions. While the CVS diluted PN emission for the Class 1 motorcycle was found to be 2.2E11 #/km, the same for the Class 2-1 motorcycle was even higher at 7.0E11 #/km. In the second phase, the emission control system for each of the motorcycles was retrofitted with a Gasoline Particulate Filter (GPF) as an "add-on" on the downstream side and emission tests were repeated. Addition of the GPF reduced the particulate emissions by more than 80%. Thus, the study shows that the particulate emissions from the 2Whs are high enough to adversely impact air quality and advanced emission control solutions like the GPF can effectively minimize the 2Wh particulate emissions.