Organic Material for Printed Electronics

In order to increase the conductivity of polymers — and in this way obtain higher efficiency in organic solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and other bioelectronic applications — researchers previously doped the material with various substances. Typically, this is done by either removing an electron or donating it to the semiconductor material with a dopant molecule, a strategy that increases the number of charges and thereby the conductivity of the material. The process is stable for a while but the material degenerates and the substances used as doping agents can eventually leach out.